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Fociitesojilanguagepoinrs教學(xué)?知識(shí)細(xì)解碼Fociitesojilanguagepoinrs:詞匯甦Mcompletev.完成一completionn.完成,結(jié)束一completiveadj.完整的—completelyadv.完整地,完全地designv.設(shè)計(jì)一designedadj.設(shè)計(jì)好的一designern.設(shè)計(jì)師harmv.傷害,損害一harmfuladj.有害的一harmlessadj.無(wú)害的agriculturen.農(nóng)業(yè)一agriculturaladj.農(nóng)業(yè)的preventv.阻擋,防止一preventionn.預(yù)防,防范harmonyn.融洽相處,和諧一harmoniousad:和諧的一詞塞義.sheetn.床單,被單;一張(通常指標(biāo)準(zhǔn)尺寸的紙);(冰或水等的)一大片①Becautious!Theroadwascoveredwithasheetofice.一大片Howoftendoyouchangedyoursheetsonthebedtokeepclean?床單③Pleasewritedownyournamesonthissheetofpaper,willyou?一張要點(diǎn)直擊WordsandPhrases知識(shí)要點(diǎn)1preventy.防止,阻擋(教材原句P63)Theflatterracescatchtherainwaterandpreventthesoilfrombeingwashedaway.平坦的梯田可以收集雨水,防止土壤被沖走。[例]Badweatherpreventedmefromsettingouttoenjoytheholiday.惡劣的天氣使我不能動(dòng)身去度假。[知識(shí)拓展]⑴prevent…(from)doingsth.阻止做某事(2)與prevent…(from)doingsth.意義相近的短語(yǔ)還有:stop…(from)doingsth.;keep…fromdoingsth.(3)以上短語(yǔ)用于主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí),“prevent…fromdoingsth.”與stop…fromdoingsth.中的from可省略,而keep…fromdoingsth.中的from不能省略。keep…doing意為“讓……一直做某事”。所以用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí),這三個(gè)短語(yǔ)中的from都不能省略。[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空①Socialphobia(社交恐懼癥)preventspeoplemaking(make)thenormal,everydaymistakesthatmayhelpthemimprovetheirskillsevenfurther.②Socialattentionshouldbepaidtopreventingourearthfrombeingpolluted(pollute).③Actually,therearegrammaticalmistakesmadebystudentsthatkeepthemfromwritinggoodcompositions.知識(shí)要點(diǎn)2inharmonywith與和諧相處(教材原句P63)Butperhapswhatismostsignificantisthewayinwhichpeoplehaveworkedinharmonywithnaturetomaketheseterracesandgrowrice.但也許最有意義的是人們用與自然和諧相處的方式建造了這些梯田來(lái)種植水稻。[例]Weareawareofthefactthatweshouldliveinharmonywithnature.我們意識(shí)到這樣的事實(shí):我們應(yīng)該和自然和諧相處。[知識(shí)拓展](1)senseofharmony和諧感outofharmonywith與不和諧(2)harmoniousad.和諧的[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空①Devotedtokeepingalastingpeace,wemustliveinharmonywithoneanother.Thepianowasoutofharmonywiththerestoftheinstrumentsintheconcertlastnight.③Mostcountriesaretryingtoformaharmonious(harmony)societytomeetpeople'sneeds.[小片段填空]People'slifehereisfullofharmonyandatthesametime,humansandnaturemakeaharmoniouspicture.(harmony)
知識(shí)要點(diǎn)3design誠(chéng)設(shè)計(jì),構(gòu)思;計(jì)劃;意欲n.設(shè)計(jì);設(shè)計(jì)方案;裝飾圖案;打算(教材原句P63)Theterracesarecleverlydesigned,withhundredsofwaterwaysthatconnectwitheachother.梯田設(shè)計(jì)巧妙,數(shù)百條水道相互連接。[例]Ourcompanyemployedtwofamousarchitectstodesignanewmeetinghallforus.我們公司雇用了兩位著名的建筑師為我們?cè)O(shè)計(jì)了一座新的會(huì)堂。[知識(shí)拓展]⑴designssth.forsb./sth.⑴designssth.forsb./sth.為某人/某物設(shè)計(jì)某物bedesignedfor...為……而設(shè)計(jì)bedesignedfor...為……而設(shè)計(jì)bedesignedtodo...意欲做……,目的是bedesignedtodo...意欲做……,目的是故意地設(shè)計(jì)者;構(gòu)思者(2)bydesign故意地設(shè)計(jì)者;構(gòu)思者(3)designern.[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空①Thehelpingprojectisdesignedtohelp(help)thosewhohavebeenlongingtorunabusiness.②ManyfamousbookshaveadaptedversionswhicharedesignedforthestudentsofGrade1-Grade2.Weshallneverknowwhetherthishappenedbyaccidentorbydesign.[小片段填空]Ilikethedesignofthesuit,whichwasdesignedbyafamousdesigner.Shegraduatedfromaschooloffashiondesignandtheschoolisdesignedtoattracttalentedpeoplewhoareinterestedinfashion.(design)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)4(教材原句P63)Theseterracesalsoprovideaperfectenvironmentforbirdsandfish,someofwhichfeedoninsectsthatcanharmthericecrops.這些梯田也為鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)和魚(yú)類(lèi)提供了一個(gè)完美的環(huán)境,它們中的一些以損害水稻的昆蟲(chóng)為食。(1)provide...for...為……提供……[例]Theredcrossprovidesfoodandclothesforthesufferers.
紅十字會(huì)為難民提供食品和衣服。[知識(shí)拓展]providev.贍養(yǎng);提供生計(jì)為某人提供假如;如果providesb.withsth.為某人提供假如;如果.一一.一卜providesth.for/vided/providing(that從句)[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空①Shehastoprovideenoughmoneyfor/toherfather.②Thereportwasnotexpectedtoprovide(provide)anyanswers.③Weareheretoprovidethepublicwithaservice.Iwillagreetogoprovided/providing(provide)thatmyexpensesarepaid.(2)harmvt.&n.[U]傷害,損害[例]Smokingalotofcigarettescanharmone'shealthandevenmaykillpeopleoveralongperiodoftime.長(zhǎng)期大量吸煙會(huì)危害身體健康,甚至可能導(dǎo)致死亡。—[知識(shí)拓展](1)dosb./sth.harm=doharmtosb./sth.傷害某人/物Thereisnoharmindoingsth.做某事無(wú)害(2)harmfuladj.有害的beharmfultosb./sth.對(duì)某人/物有害(3)harmlessadj.無(wú)害的[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空?Accordingtothestudy,usingsmartphonetoooftendoesharmtoyoureyes.Thepollutedairwillbeharmful(harm)topeopleandanimalsaround.Thereisnoharminapologizing(apologize)toherfirst.[小片段填空]Thelieshetoldharmedourfriendshipofmanyyears.Thatreallydidharmtous.Hislieswereharmfultoourlong-lastfeelings.(harm)SentencePatterns重點(diǎn)句式1無(wú)生命名詞(作主語(yǔ))+see+賓語(yǔ)(+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ))(教材原句P62)Summerseesthemountainsturnbrightgreenwithgrowingrice.盛夏,佳禾吐綠,將群山染成一片青翠。句式分析:句中無(wú)生命的名詞summer作主語(yǔ),see在此處意為“見(jiàn)證;目睹”,是一種擬人的用法。[例1]Dusksawtheoldcouplewalkingtheirdogtogetheraftersupper。黃昏時(shí),這對(duì)老夫婦吃完晚飯一起遛狗。[例2]Ourtownhasseenmanychangessincethenewpolicywasputintoeffect.新政策生效后,我們鎮(zhèn)上發(fā)生了很多變化。[知識(shí)拓展]表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)或其他無(wú)生命的名詞作主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)通常是see,find,witness等動(dòng)詞,意為“(在某段時(shí)期或某地)發(fā)生(某情況),或經(jīng)歷了某事”。這種句式可以使語(yǔ)言表達(dá)更加生動(dòng)、形象。[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空①Thetwentiethcenturywitnessed(witness)twoworldwars.②Sofarthisstadiumhasseen(see)manythrillingfootballgames.重點(diǎn)句式2what引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句(教材原句P63)Butperhapswhatismostsignificantisthewayinwhichpeoplehaveworkedinharmonywithnaturetomaketheseterracesandgrowrice.但也許最有意義的是人們用與自然和諧相處的方式建造了這些梯田來(lái)種植水稻。句式分析:句中what引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句,并在從句中作主語(yǔ)。[例1]Whatwasmostimportanttoher,shetoldme,washerfamily.她告訴我,對(duì)她來(lái)說(shuō)最重要的是她的家人。[例2]Whatmadeusexcitedwasthatourclasscamefirstintheinter-classbasketballmatch.讓我們激動(dòng)的是我們班在這次班級(jí)對(duì)抗籃球比賽中獲得了第一名。[知識(shí)拓展]what在其引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句中可作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)。what引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句作主語(yǔ)時(shí),
謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般用單數(shù),但主語(yǔ)從句意義上表示復(fù)數(shù)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)。[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空①Whatfrightenedmemostwasthatthelittleboywoundthesnakearoundhisneck.②Whatwestudentsneedmostis(be)enoughsleep.③Youneednotgetanymorestamps;whatwehaveare(be)quitesufficient.教材對(duì)接高考?教材高考I.Theflatterracescatchtherainwaterandpreventthesoilfrombeingwashedaway.(2019?北京卷)Wearefinallywakinguptotheseverityoftheproblembysupportinganddevelopingagroupoftools,appsandapproachesintendedtopreventscammersfromgettingthrough.2.Buildingtheterracesthereforemeantthattheycouldincreasetheareasinwhichtheycouldgrowrice.(2020?全國(guó)卷I)Glowingplantscouldreducethisdistanceandthereforehelpsaveenergy.3.Butperhapswhatismostsignificantisthewayinwhichpeoplehaveworkedinharmonywithnaturetomaketheseterracesandgrowrice.(2017?天津卷)Whatstudentsdoatcollegeseemstomattermuchmorethanwheretheygo.4.Theterracesarecleverlydesigned,withhundredsofwaterwaysthatconnectwitheachother.(2019?全國(guó)卷II)HUNCHisdesignedtoconnecthighschoolclassroomswithNASAengineers.5.Theseterracesalsoprovideaperfectenvironmentforbirdsandfish,someofwhichfeedoninsectsthatcanharmthericecrops.(2019?全國(guó)卷I)Whilethesun'srayscanageandharmourskin,theyalsogiveusbeneficialVitaminD.應(yīng)用落霎耳II.單句語(yǔ)法填空Thecompletion(complete)inAugustwillbringusanewmeetinghall.Eatingtoomuchsugarisharmful(harm)toyourhealth.Thenewdesigner(design)seemsnottofitinwithus.Thepolicewereabletotakepreventive(prevent)actionandavoidapossibleriot.Makingaharmonious(harmony)combinationofcolourswillmakethepaintingbetter.Whatwearedoingnowis(be)verydifficultbutofgreatimportance.Grannywrapped(wrap)thesmallredshoesandsmiledhappilytome.Asweallknow,itishiseffortsthathaveimprovedthequalityofourproducts.CyclingisactuallyagoodkindofexerciseandthereforeIgocyclingwithmyfriendseverySunday.TVshoppingisattractive(attract)becauseyoucanbuythingseasilywithoutgoingout..短語(yǔ)填空thousandsof,inharmonywith,turn…into…,passdown,washaway,behometo,feedon,asfaras,onceagain,prevent...fromImmediatemeasuresshouldbetakentopreventairfrombeingpolluted.WhatisknowntousallisthatChinaishometothegoldenmonkey.MonkeyKingcanturnhishairintoanykindofthingsheneeds.Idon'texpectyoutodoitonceagain,butyouwillbepunishedthistime.Thebutterfliesliveintheforestandfeedonflowersandleaves.Thefarmingknowledgehasbeenpasseddownfromgenerationtogeneration.Ourmissionistofindwaysforpeopletoliveinharmonywithnature.Muchofthetopsoilwaswashedawaybylargefloods.Idon'tknowwhytheywalkedasfarastheriverlastnight
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