牛津譯林版英語2020年中考首字母填空專練(包含答案)

牛津英語2020年中考首字母填空專練Passage1詞數(shù)：266題材：禮儀知識建議閱讀時間：7分鐘Noonewantstolooksillyordothewrongthingatanewjob.Itisimportanttoleaveagoodi1onyourbossfromtheveryfirstday.Whenyouareinanewplace,itmaybed2toknowwhattodo.Herearefivetipstohelpyoumakeitt3thefirstdayatanewjob：◆Agoodbeginningishalfdone.Makesureyoumakeagoodone.Beforeyourfirstday,findoutifyournewjobhasrulesaboutwhatyoucanweartowork.Ifso,besuretofollowit.Nomatterwhat,alwaysbeneatandclean.◆Gotoworkontime.Giveyourselfanextra15minutestomakesureyouwon'tbelate.◆Payattentiontoi4.Oneofthefirstthingsthatyoursupervisor(主管)maydoistointroduceyoutoyourco-workers.Theseco-workerswillbeimportanttoyou.Theyaretheoneswhowillansweryourquestionswhenthebossisnotaround.◆Askplentyofquestions.Makesureyoursupervisorhastoldyouw5isexpectedofyou.Ifheorshehasnottoldyouyourjobduties,askforalist.Setdailyandweeklyg6foryourselfandtryyourbesttoachievethem.◆N7bethefirstonetoleave.Observewhatyourco-workersdoaroundquittingtime(下班時間).Itdoesnotlookgoodforyoutobeeagertoleave.1._____2._____3._____4._____5._____6._____7._____長難句解析Nomatterwhat,alwaysbeneatandclean.句意：不管你穿什么，一定要保證干凈整潔。解析：此句的讓步狀語從句部分實際上是省略句，完整表達的內(nèi)容應是“Nomatterwhatyouwear”。答案1.impression固定搭配，“l(fā)eaveagoodimpression”指“留下良好的印象”。2.difficult3.through固定搭配，“makeitthrough”指“使一切順利通過、度過”。4.introductions5.what6.goals上下文理解，下文的“achieve”常與“goal”搭配，指“達成目標”。7.NeverPassage2詞數(shù)：225題材：禮儀知識建議閱讀時間：6分鐘Cheerup!Itdoesn'thavetobethatbad.Herearesomesimplestepstotakethep1outofspeechmaking.Askyourselfthepurposeofyourspeech.Whatistheoccasion?Whyareyouspeaking?Then,gatherasmanyfactsasyoucanonyourmaterialsothatyourspeechisclearandeasytofollow.Useasmanyexamplesaspossible,andusepictures,charts,andgraphsiftheywillhelpyoumakeyourpointsmoreclearly.Neverforgetyouraudience.Makeyourselfu2.Don'ttalkovertheirheads,anddon'ttalkd3tothem.Treatyouraudiencewithrespect.Theywillappreciateyourthoughtfulness.Justremember：bep4.Knowyoursubject,youraudience,andtheoccasion.Beb5.Saywhatyouhavetosayandthenstop.Bey6.Letyourpersonalitycomethroughsothatyoumakeperson-to-personcontactwithyouraudience.Ifyoufollowthesesimplesteps,you'llseethatyoudon'thavetobea7ofpublicspeaking.Infact,youmayfindtheexperiencesoenjoyablethatyouvolunteertomakemorespeeches!You'renotconvincedyet?Giveitatryandseewhathappens.1._____2._____3._____4._____5._____6._____7._____長難句解析Then,gatherasmanyfactsasyoucanonyourmaterialsothatyourspeechisclearandeasytofollow.句意：接下來，搜集盡可能多的關于你演講的資料，這樣，你的演講就會清晰，讓人容易理解。解析：此句中的“sothat”引導結果狀語從句。答案1.pain上下文理解，前文說到要振作精神，后文提到的是使演講更輕松的方法，所以此處指擺脫演講的痛苦。2.understood“makeoneselfdone”是固定用法。3.down上下文理解，前文提到演講內(nèi)容不能過難，此處是指內(nèi)容不能過于簡單，“down”表示“低于”。4.prepared該詞是對下面一句話的概括，指演講前要做好充分的準備。5.brief該詞是對下面一句話的概括，指演講內(nèi)容要簡潔明了。6.yourself該詞是對下面一句話的概括，指演講時要有個性。7.afraid“beafraidof”是固定搭配，這句話指掌握了這些演講步驟后就不必擔心演講了。Passage3詞數(shù)：316題材：科普知識建議閱讀時間：8分鐘Chinaisgoinggreen.Inordertoreduceairpollutionandoilshortages,carmakershaveannouncedtheirplanstodevelophybrid(混合燃料型的)vehiclesfortheChinesemarket.ThefirstChinese-madeToyotahybridcarPriushittheroadlastmonth.Let'shavealookatthenewcar.Ahybridisacarwhichcombinestwoormoresourcesofp1.Hybridcarsuseanelectricmotorwithrechargeablebatteriesandagasoline(汽油)engine.Ahybridcarhasasmallergasolineengineandanelectricmotor.Thegasolineengineprovides99percentofthepowerwhenthecariscruising(勻速運動).Theelectricmotorprovidese2powerforrunninguphillsorwhenextraacceleration(加速度)isneeded.StepintoaPrius,andturnonthepower.Thefirstthingyounoticeisthatitisq3thanatraditionalcar.Atthispoint,thecar'sgasolineengineisdormant(休眠的).Theelectricmotorprovidespoweruntilthecarreachesabout24km/h.Ifyoustayatlowspeed,youareactuallydrivinga(n)electriccar,withnogasolinebeingused,andnoharmfulgasgivenoff.Anonboardc4decideswhentousethegasolineengine,whentogoelectric,andwhentouseac5ofthetwo.Ifyouaregoingoveraspeedof24km/h,whenyousteponthegaspedal(油門),youaretellingthecomputerhowfastyouwanttogo.Theelectricmotorrechargesautomaticallywhenthecarisbraking,andatacertainspeed,thegasolineenginenotonlypowersthecarbutalsorechargesthebatteries.Whenyouusethebrake,theelectricmotoractslikeageneratortoproducee6torechargethebatteries.Thebatteriesl7foraround200,000miles.1._____2._____3._____4._____5._____6._____7._____長難句解析Theelectricmotorrechargesautomaticallywhenthecarisbraking,andatacertainspeed,thegasolineenginenotonlypowersthecarbutalsorechargesthebatteries.句意：當汽車剎車時，這個電動汽車可以自動充電，而且當汽車行駛到一定的速度時，汽油引擎不僅能給汽車供能，還能給電池充電。解析：此句是并列句，前一個句子中含有“when”引導的時間狀語從句，而后一個句子中又有“notonly...butalso...”引導的并列句。答案1.power根據(jù)文章可知這種新款的車采用的是混合能源。2.extra因為前面提到汽油提供了99%的能量，所以這里需要提供的是另外的能量，屬于附加的，所以要用“extra”，后文中的“extraacceleration”也可以提示此處填“extra”。3.quieter因為后文提到“thecar'sgasolineengineisdormant”，有點生活常識的同學應該知道，引擎工作時噪聲很大，所以當汽油引擎休眠時，聲音會比較輕，此空后的“than”提示這里填比較級。4.bination指兩者的混合使用。6.electricity上下文理解，要充電肯定是需要電量的。7.last本句表示電池可持續(xù)多少時間。Passage4詞數(shù)：183題材：文化習俗建議閱讀時間：6分鐘OnSeptember22，1998,peoplein35citiesinFrancel1theirprivatecarsathomeandtookpublictransportation(公共運輸)orwalkedtoschool,work,oro2places.Thisnationalprogramwascalled“intown,w3mycar”.Later,September22becameWorldCarFreeDay.Now,nearly2,000citiesworldwidetakepartinthisa4everyyear.OnSeptember22,2007,Chinalaunched(開展)itsfirstCarFreeDay,andtheweekbeforeSeptember22becamepublicTransportWeek.Privatecarownerswereencouragedtowalk,ridebicycles,andtakepublictransportl5buses,subways,andtaxies,ratherthandrivetheirprivatecars.Accordingtosomeexperts,CarFreeDaycanhelpsave33millionliters(公升)ofoilandreduce3000tonsoftoxic(有毒的)gasemissions(排放).I6wedriveprivatecarslessandtrymoregreentravelingmeans,everyoneofuscanhelpease(緩解)h7trafficandairpollution,andmaketheenvironmentbetter.1._____2._____3._____4._____5._____6._____7._____長難句解析Privatecarownerswereencouragedtowalk,ridebicycles,andtakepublictransportlikebuses,subways,andtaxies,ratherthandrivetheirprivatecars.句意：鼓勵私家車車主們走路、騎自行車和乘坐公共交通工具，例如公交車、地鐵、出租車，而不是開自己的車。解析：“ratherthan”解釋為“而不是”。答案1.left根據(jù)下文“tookpublictransportation”可推測此處指把私家車留在家里。2.other“otherplaces”解釋為“其他的地方”。3.withoutCarFreeDay就是指“無車日”，所以此處應該是指沒有車。4.activity“takepartin”指“參加”，這句話指參加活動。5.like舉例說明，“l(fā)ike”在此解釋為“例如”。6.If7.heavy根據(jù)上句內(nèi)容可知，如果我們少駕駛私家車，多采用綠色交通方式出行，可以緩解“heavytraffic”，即“繁忙的交通”。Passage5詞數(shù)：252題材：人物故事建議閱讀時間：7分鐘Oneday,tworichbrothersmadeabet(打賭)：Couldayoung,honest,cleverbutpoorforeignerliveinLondonfor30dayswithn1butaonemillionpoundbanknote?Theysatatthewindowandfoundtherightperson—Henry.TheygaveHenryanenvelopeandaletter.W2Henryfoundaonemillionpoundbanknoteinsidetheenvelope,hewasshocked.Thelettertoldhimthatthebrotherswouldlendhimthebanknoteforonemonthandthattheyhadabetonhim.Henrywash3andhewenttoarestaurantatonce.ThewaiterlookedatHenry'spoorclothesandtreatedhimbadly.Henryatealot.Thewaiterlookedathimthewholetime,worryingthatHenrycouldn'tpaythebill.Later,Henrytooko4hisbanknoteandsaidthewaiter,“Givemethechange,please.”Thewaiterwasshocked.Hemadeathousandapologiesfornotbeingabletobreakthebill(兌開),andtoldHenrytopaya5anytimehewanted.Afterthe“freemeal”,thebanknotebroughtHenryalotofgoodl6:expensiveclothes,acomfortablelife,fame,andanicerichgirl.PeoplelookeddownonHenrywhenhewasapoorguy,butdayslater,everybodytriedtop7himbecausehewasa“millionaire”.1._____2._____3._____4._____5._____6._____7._____長難句解析Thelettertoldhimthatthebrotherswouldlendhimthebanknoteforonemonthandthattheyhadabetonhim.句意：信件告訴他，這對兄弟會借給他一個月一張銀行支票，并且在他身上打了賭。解析：此句為并列句，句中的“hadabeton...”是指“就……打賭”。答案1.nothing本句的意思是除了一張百萬英鎊之外一無所有。2.When3.hungry后面說Henry立刻去了餐廳，所以這里表示他很餓了。4.out5.at固定搭配“atanytime”表示“在任何時候”。6.luck本句指帶來幸運，下文“expensiveclothes”，“acomfortablelife”，“fame”，“anicerichgirl”等一系列事情都是好運。7.please“pleasesb.”是固定搭配，表示“使某人高興”，“please”此處作動詞。專項練習話題一天氣Passage1Nowadays,mostofussimplygoonline,watchTVorchecktheradiotoknowwhattheweatherwillbelike.____1____,ifyouareinaplacewhereyoucan’tuseanyofthoseresourcesandneedtoknow____2____mightbehappeningsoon,youcan____3____atthecloudsintheskyforhelp.It’sespeciallyusefulifyouenjoyoutdooractivities,suchashikingorcamping.Thetypesofcloudsintheskycantellyoualotaboutthe____4____.Generally,clouds____5____arewhiteandhighsuggestgoodweather,anddarkandlowcloudsmeanrainorstormsare____6____.Cloudscanbeblack,whiteandgrayandeachmeanssomething____7____abouttheweather.Blackcloudsmeanthatthereisacomingstormthatdoesnothavestrongwinds.Whitecloudsusuallymeangoodweather,thoughastormcouldbe____8____itswaylaterintheday.____9____cloudsusuallymeananeworalightstorm.Buttheyalsomeanthestormwillspreadacrossalargeareaandmayremainfor____10____while.Passage2Whenpeoplewanttoknowabouttheweather,theyusuallygototheirradios,TVs,newspapersortotheInternet.However,youcanalsofindmany____1____signsamongwildlife.Miceanddeeraregoodweatherindicators.Before____2____storm,peopleoutsidehaveseenthatfieldmicecomeoutoftheirholes____3____thatdeercomedownfromthemountains.Birdsaregoodweatherindicators.For____4____,somebirdsbecomeirritable(急躁的)andwillfightoverapieceofbread.____5____birdschirp(嘰嘰喳喳)andsingjustbeforeastorm.____6____seemstheyknowtheywon’thaveanotherchanceforoneortwohours.Youwillsometimesseebirdsgettingtogetheronawire(電線)closetoabuilding.Thatis____7____thelowpressuremakestheair____8____thinthatbirdshavedifficultyflying.Itisunusualtoseemanybirds____9____overheadinthesummertime.Watchforothersignsifyouseethis.Iftheyflyinthewrongdirection,theymaybeflyingaheadofastorm.____10____payingcloserattentiontosomeimportantsignsinnature,wecanbecomebetterpreparedforanykindofweather.話題二飲食Passage3Wehavenoideaaboutwhenmenfirstbegantousesalt.Butwedoknow____1____ithadbeenusedinmanydifferentwaysthroughthehistory.Forexample,inmanyhistorybooks,itisrecordedthatpeoplewholivedthreethousandyearsago____2____saltedfish.ThousandsofyearsagoinEgypt,salt____3____usedtokeepthedead.Itcanpreventthedeadbodiesfromdecay(腐爛).Intheeighteenthcentury,apersonwho____4____saltwasthoughttohavebrokenthelaw.If____5____personwascaughtstealingsalt,hewouldbethrownintoprison.BooksalsorecordthatinEngland,abouttenthousandpeoplewereputintoprisonduringthatcentury____6____ofstealingsalt!In1553,ifamantookmorethan____7____shareofsalt,hewouldbethoughttohavebrokenthelawandwouldbeseriouslypunished.Saltwasveryimportantonthedinnertableofa____8____.Itwasalwaysputin____9____ofthekingwhenhesatdowntoeat.Thenimportantvisitorssatnearthesaltwhile____10____importantvisitorsweregivenseatsfartherawayfromit.Passage4Thereisalotofargumentaboutraw(生的)fooddiet.Oneisthatheatingfoodaboveacertain____1____(often46℃)killsnutrients(營養(yǎng)成分).Forexample,vitaminCiseasilykilledbyheat.Manyvegetablesare____2____withvitaminC,whichwilldisappear____3____theyarecooked.ThesamethinghappenswithBvitamins.Theyaren’tasmuchinvegetables____4____vitaminC,buttheyarealsoreducedwhenheated.Supportersofrawdietsbelieve____5____eatingrawfoodscanhelpslowaging,preventdiseaseandimprovewell-being.____6____cookingfooddoesn’talwaystakeawayitsnutrients.Researchersfoundthatcookingincreasesakindofnutrientintomatoes,whichishelpfulfor____7____lowerriskofheartdiseaseandsomecancers.Cookingcanalso____8____theamountofcalcium(鈣)somevegetablesprovide.Cookingcanhave____9____advantages.AHarvardUniversitystudyfoundthatcookingalsomakesfoodeasiertobite,easiertotakeinandimproves____10____energyvalue.Thekeyhere,however,isn’ttostresssomuchabouthowyoueatyourfruitandvegetables.Justmakesureyoueatthem.話題三安全Passage5Nine-year-oldSamuelMeyersisanAustralianboyfromCloverHillStateSchool,Queensland.Hejustbecamethenational____1____ofthelittleBIGideacompetitionintheGrade3—4groupbecauseofhissmarthelmetidea.____2____ideaiscalledtheHeroHelmet.SamuelMeyerswantstostoppeople____3____theirbikesorscooters(電動車)withoutahelmet.____4____isacontrollerinsidethehelmet.It____5____thelockofthebikeorthescooter.Itwon’tunlockthebikeorscooterunlesstheriderputs____6____thehelmet.Hisgrandpaonce____7____himhowtheideacametohim.“Ilikebiking,”Samuelanswered.“IoftenseechildrenfallingwithoutahelmetandIknow____8____dangerousitcanbe.Iwanttosavelives.”Samuel’sideawaslovedbyengineerJordonNguyen.“ItisgoodtoseesomanystudentsfromalloverAustraliahave____9____ownideastohelpothers.IloveSamuel’sideamost____10____itcansolvearealproblem.I’mexcitedtoseewherehetakeshisideainthefuture,”hesaid.Passage6Theremaybedifferentdangersaroundus.Learningtokeep____1____isalwaysimportant.Suddenaccidents____2____everyday.Whenthereisone,____3____firstandmostimportantruleistostaycalm.Herearesomeaccidentsyoumaymeetwithandtherelatedtipsforyou.Whenstudentsaroundyoubegintopush,standatoneplaceandtrytoholdontosomething.Orstayat____4____corneruntilthecrowdleaves.Whenafire____5____out,staycalmandfollowteachers’instructions.Leavetheclassroomquicklyanduseapieceofclothto____6____yourmouthandnose.Inthisway,hotairandsmokewilldolessharmtoyou.Ifyourclothescatch____7____,droptothegroundandrollfromsidetosidetoputit____8____.Don’trunbacktoaburninghouseforanything.Always____9____trafficrulesonroads.Don’trushonroads.Ifyouwalktoschoolorgotoschoolbybike,remembertowaitforthegreentrafficlight.Makesureitisclearwhenyouarereadytocrossit.Lookleftandthenrightforcars____10____youcrosstheroad.話題四工作Passage7Pullingheavysuitcasesalldayinthesummerishardwork,especiallywhenyouare____1____thin14-year-oldboy.Thatwas____2____in1940—theyoungestandsmallestbaggageboyatNewYorkCity’sPennsylvaniaRailwayStation.____3____justafewdaysonthejob,Ibegannoticingthattheotherfellowswereovercharging(過度收費)passengers.I’dliketojointhem,thinking,“Everyone____4____isdoingit.”WhenIgothomethatnight,Itoldmydad____5____Iwantedtodo.“Yougiveanhonestday’swork,”hesaid,____6____straightintomyeyes.“Theyarepayingyou.Iftheywanttodothat,justletthemdothat.”Ifollowedmydad’sadvicefortherestofthatsummerandhavelivedbyhiswords____7____then.OfallthejobsI’vehad,itwasmyexperienceatPennsylvaniaRailwayStationthathasstuckwithme.Now,Iteachmyplayerstorespectotherpeopleandtheirpossession.Beingamemberofateamisatotallysharedexperience.Ifoneperson____8____,itdestroystrustandhurtseveryone.Icanputupwithmanythings,butnotwithpeople____9____steal.Ifoneofmyplayerswerecaughtstealing,he’dbegone.Whetheryou’reonasportsteam,inanoffice____10____amemberofafamily,ifyoucan’ttrustoneanother,thereisgoingtobetrouble.Passage8Mostpeoplehavejobs.Theygotoworknearlyeveryday.Somepeoplearelucky.Eithertheyhaveveryinterestingjobs____1____theymakealotofmoney.Mostpeoplearenotso____2____.Theirjobsmaynotbeveryinteresting.Andtheymaynot____3____muchmoney.Themostinterestingjobsareoftenthemostdifficult.Peopletakealongtimetolearn____4____todothem.Doctorsstudy____5____atleastsixyearsafterfinishingschool.Someyoungpeoplehaveinterestingandhigh-payjobs.Manyyoungplayersdo____6____worksuccessfully.Footballandtennisstarsareusuallyunder35____7____old.Olderpeopleusuallycannotplaythesesportsverywell.Theycannotmovefastenough.Golf,however,is____8____goodsportforolderpeople.Manygolfplayersarequiteold,buttheycanplayitsuccessfully.Mostpeoplework____9____theyare60or65yearsold.Thentheyretire(退休)andhavealotoffreetime.Somepeopleneverretire，though.Thesepeopleusuallyhaveveryinterestingjobs.Writers,artists,scientistsandactorsusually____10____totheendoftheirlives.Theirworkistheirlife.話題五社會與人口問題Passage9Greatchangeshavebeenmadeinfamilylifebecauseofscienceandindustry.Inthepast,____1____moreAmericanslivedonfarms,thetypicalfamilyhadmanychildren.In____2____farmfamily,parentsandtheirchildrenoftenlivedwithgrandparents.Oftentoo,unclesandauntslivednearby.Butwhenindustrybecamemoreimportant____3____agricultureinAmericanlife,familiesbecamesmallerbecauseindustryrequiresworkers____4____arereadyandabletomoveoffthelandandtomoveagainwhenevernecessary.And____5____familiescannotbemovedfromplacetoplaceassmallerfamiliescan.Soatpresent，people____6____liketohavesmallerfamilies.____7____thefuture,becauseofindustrialization,atypicalfamilywillberequiredto____8____evenmoreoftenthannow,sofamilieswillbeevensmaller.Thetypicalfamilymayremainchildlessandconsistonlyofamananda____9____.Asmallnumberoffamiliesmay____10____raisingchildrenastheirchiefwork.Atthesametimetheymayalsoraiseotherpeople’schildren,leavingthosefamiliesfreetomovefromjobtojob.Passage10Averyimportantworldproblemisthegrowthofpopulationontheearth.Thepopulationoftheworldtodayismorethan7,500,000,000.Thatisagreatnumberandweknow____1____quitewell.Theimportantthingisnothowlargethepopulationoftheworldisnow,____2____therate(速度)ofthegrowth.Itisabout1.63%ever