考研考博-英語-新疆財經(jīng)大學(xué)考試押題卷含答案詳解3

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-新疆財經(jīng)大學(xué)考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共100題)1.翻譯題

Scientistsaresearchingforwaystodestroynuclearweaponsinspace-tomakenuclearweaponspowerlessandnolongeruseful.Thishasbecomeknownas"StarWars".(1).SupportersoftheStarWardefensesystemhopethatthiswouldnotonlyprotectanationagainstanactualnuclearattack,butwouldbeenoughofathreattokeepanuclearwarfromeverhappening.

(2).OpponentsofStarWarsareworriedthatsuchasystemmightintroducenuclearweaponsintoouterspaceandmightnotcompletelyprotectthenationagainstattack.Somemissilesmight"leakthrough"theStarWarsdefenses.Orthecomputersthatrunthesystemmightnotworkproperly.Suchadefensesystem,theysay,mightalsobeusedtoattackothers.Anditmightnotstopthebuildupofground-basednuclearweapons.

Hopefully,anuclearwarwillneverbegin.But,insuchanevent,couldpeoplereallyprotectthemselves?SupportersofStarWarsbelievethatlaserweaponsarethekeytodefense.(3).Butcanlaserbeamsbedevelopedinsuchawaytodestroyattackingmissilesinspace?Lasersarenotnew.Theyhavebeenaroundforover25years.Theyinvolvethefollowingprocess:(4).Atomsofcertainsubstancesarestimulated,orexcited,byaburstofenergyfromoutside.Theexcitedatomsthenproducewavesoflight.Theselightwavestravelupanddownalaserrodandexcite,orstimulate,otheratoms.Whenaparticularenergylevelisreached,thelaserrodproducesastrong,narrowbeamofradiation.Mostlasersgiveoffvisiblelight,buttheycanbebuilttoproduceheatradiationorevenX-rayradiation.

Becauseoftheintensityandnarrownessoftheirbeams,laserscanbeputtothousandsofuses.Laserbeamshavebeenbouncedoffthemoon.Theycancutthroughdiamondorsteel.Theyareusedbydoctorsfordelicatesurgery-suchasrepairingdamagedeyes.Andlasersarealsousedasweapons.(5).Theycangiveartilleryanaccuracyassharpasthepointofapin.Theycanalso"blind"electronicsystemsinplanes,tanksandships.Thismeansthatthoseelectronicsystemscannolongereffectivelyfindanddestroytheirtargets.

ReadthepassagecarefullyandtranslatetheunderlinedsentencesintoChinese.

【答案】1.星球大戰(zhàn)防御系統(tǒng)的支持者希望這不僅能使一個國家免受真正的核攻擊,而且還足以形成一種威懾,使得核戰(zhàn)爭永遠(yuǎn)不會發(fā)生。

2.星球大戰(zhàn)計劃的反對者則擔(dān)心此系統(tǒng)可能會將核武器引進(jìn)外太空,而且可能也不能完全保護(hù)該國家免受核武器的攻擊。

3.但是,能以這種方式把激光束發(fā)展到可以摧毀太空中的攻擊導(dǎo)彈嗎？

4.特定物質(zhì)的原子受到外界爆發(fā)的能量的刺激或激發(fā)。然后,這些被激發(fā)的原子就產(chǎn)生光波。

5.它們可以使大炮的誤差精確到大頭針針尖的大小。它們也可以使飛機(jī)、坦克和軍艦上的電子系統(tǒng)處于"失明"狀態(tài)。

2.單選題

Healwaysincludedsomethingabovetheunderstandingofhishearersinordertopreventthemfrombecoming（

）andtostimulatetheirdesiretolearnmore.

問題1選項

A.pessimistic

B.complacent

C.perplexed

D.complicated

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。pessimistic“悲觀的”；complacent“自滿的；得意的”；perplexed“困惑的”；complicated“難懂的”。句意：他總是在聽眾理解力之外加上一些東西，來防止他們變得自滿，并且激發(fā)他們學(xué)習(xí)更多東西。選項B符合題意。

3.寫作題

Directions:Writeanessayofnolessthan200wordsonthetopicgivenbelow.UsethespaceprovidedonyourAnswerSheetII.

TOPICWhatmarksthematurity(成熟)ofaperson?Givereasonsoruseexamplestoillustrateyourpoints.

【答案】【參考范文】

Whenweareyoung,wehavequiteaselfishattitudetowardslife.Ourpriorityistoseekpersonalhappiness.Weprefertoavoidactivitieswedonotenjoy.Asaresult,ourelderssuchasparentsorteachersfrequentlyresorttorewardsorpunitivemeasurestoforceustoassumeresponsibilitieswewouldratheravoid.

However,aswegrowold,welearnthatlifeisalotmorethanpursuingpersonalhappinessonly.Werealizethatwehaveresponsibilitiesnotonlytowardsourselvesbutalsotowardsotherpeopleaswellasthegreatersociety.Thismomentofrealizationiswhatmarksthematurityofaperson.Weembracethefactthatwehavedifferentrolestoplayandeachrolemaycomewithdifferentsetsofresponsibilities.Asanemployee,weareresponsiblenotonlyforourselvesbutalsohaveobligationstowardsfellowemployees,thecompany,andexternalstakeholderssuchasthecustomers.Asaparent,wehaveresponsibilitiestowardsourchildren.Andassomeoneinanintimaterelationship,wehaveresponsibilitiestowardsoursignificanthalf.Similarly,asacitizen,wehaveresponsibilitiestowardsfellowcitizensaswellasourcountry.

Aresponsibleandmaturepersonisoftenlessselfishandmoreconsideratetowardsotherpeoplethanhisorheryoungerselves.Thematurityisthenaturaloutcomeofyearsoflifeexperiencesthatturnusintowiserbeings.Whilematurityhelpsusmakebetterqualitydecisions,italsocomplicatesthedecision-makingprocess.Asyoungindividuals,ourdecision-makingprocessisoftenimpulsiveandintuitive.However,asmatureindividuals,thedecision-makingprocessbecomesdeliberativebecauseweconsidertheimpactofourdecisionsonnotonlyourselvesbutalsootherpeoplewhomaybeaffectedbyit.

Inconclusion,havingasenseofresponsibilitymarksthematurityofaperson.Withresponsibility,amaturepersonislessselfish,wiser,andmoreconsideratethanhisorheryoungerself.Heorshemaymakethedecisionsslowerasamaturepersonthanasayoungpersonbutthedecisionsmadeasamaturepersonalsotendtobeofhigherqualitythanthosemadeasayoungperson.

4.單選題

Threeyears（）beforehereturnedhomefromtheUnitedStates.

問題1選項

A.denoted

B.destined

C.elapsed

D.enveloped

【答案】C

【解析】動詞辨析題。Denote預(yù)示,代表;destine注定;elapse消逝;envelop遮蓋，包圍。選項C放在Threeyears后面表示3年流逝了。

5.單選題

Insomecountrieswhereracialprejudiceisacute,violencehascometobetakenforgrantedasameansofsolvingdifferences,thatitisnotevenquestioned.Therearecountrieswherethewhitemanimposeshisrulebybruteforce;therearecountrieswheretheblackmanprotestsbysettingfiretocitiesandbylootingandpillaging.Importantpeopleonbothsides,whowouldinorderrespects,appeartobereasonablemen,getupandcalmlyargueinfavorofviolence-asifitwerealegitimatesolution,likeanyother.Whatisreallyfrightening,whatreallyfillsyouwithdespair,istherealizationthatwhenitcomestothecrunch,wehavemadenoactualprogressatall.Wemaywearcollarsandtiesinsteadofwar-paint,butourinstinctsremainbasicallyunchanged.Thewholeoftherecordedhistoryofthehumanrace,thattediousdocumentationofviolence,hastaughtusabsolutelynothing.Wehavestillnotlearnedthatviolenceneversolvesaproblembutmakesitmoreacute.Thesheerhorror,thebloodshed,thesufferingmeannothing.Notsolutionevercomestolightthemorningafterwhenwedismallycontemplatethesmokingruinsandwoundwhathitus.

Thetrulyreasonablemenwhoknowwherethesolutionsliearefindingitharderandhardertogetahearing.Theyaredespised,mistrustedandevenpersecutedbytheirownkindbecausetheyadvocatesuchapparentlyoutrageousthingsaslawenforcement.Ifhalftheenergythatgoesintoviolentactswereputtogooduse,ifoureffortsweredirectedatcleaninguptheslumsandghettos,atimprovingliving-standardsandprovidingeducationandemploymentforall,wewouldhavegonealongwaytoarrivingatasolution.Ourstrengthissappedbyhavingtomopupthemessthatviolenceleavesinitswake.Inawell-directedeffort,itwouldnotbeimpossibletofulfilltheidealsofastablesocialprogramme.Thebenefitsthatcanbederivedfromconstructivesolutionsareeverywhereapparentintheworldaroundus.Genuineandlastingsolutionsarealwayspossible,providingweworkwithintheframeworkofthelaw.

Beforewecanevenbegintocontemplatepeacefulco-existencebetweentheraces,wemustappreciateeachother’sproblems.Andtodothis,wemustlearnaboutthem:itisasimpleexerciseincommunication,inexchanginginformation.“Talk,talk,talk，”theadvocateofviolencesay,“allyoueverdoistalk,andwearenonethewiser.”It’sratherlikethestoryofthefamousbarristerwhopainstakinglyexplainedhiscasetothejudge.Afterlisteningtoalengthyargumentthejudgecomplainedthatafterallthistalk,hewasnonethewiser.“Possible,mylord,”thebarristerreplied,“nonethewiser,butsurelyfarbetterinformed.”Knowledgeisthenecessaryprerequisitetowisdom:theknowledgethatviolencecreatestheevilsitpretendstosolve.

1.Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?

2.Recordedhistoryhastaughtus（

）.

3.Itcanbeinferredthattrulyreasonablemen（

）.

4.“Hewasnonethewiser”means（

）.

5.Accordingtheauthorthebestwaytosolveraceprejudiceis（

）.

問題1選項

A.AdvocatingViolence.

B.ViolenceCanDoNothingtoDiminishRacePrejudice.

C.ImportantPeopleonBothSidesSeeViolenceAsaLegitimateSolution.

D.TheInstinctsofHumanRaceAreThirstyforViolence.

問題2選項

A.violenceneversolvesanything.

B.nothing.

C.thebloodshedmeansnothing.

D.everything.

問題3選項

A.can’tgetahearing.

B.arelookeddownupon.

C.Havedifficultyinadvocatinglawenforcement.

D.arepersecuted.

問題4選項

A.hewasnotatallwiseinlistening.

B.hewasnotatallwiserthannothingbefore.

C.hegainsnothingafterlistening.

D.hemakesnosenseoftheargument.

問題5選項

A.Lawenforcement

B.Knowledge

C.Moppinguptheviolentmess

D.nonviolence

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.主旨大意題。B項(暴力難以消除種族偏見)適合做文章標(biāo)題。

2.細(xì)節(jié)題。第一段指出:Thewholeoftherecordedhistoryofthehumanrace,thattediousdocumentationofviolence,hastaughtusabsolutelynothing(人類的整個歷史記錄，那冗長乏味的暴力記錄，完全沒有教給我們?nèi)魏螙|西)，故選B。

3.推斷題。第二段指出:真正有理智的人鼓吹法制，遭到同類們的輕視、不信任和迫害。他們發(fā)現(xiàn)要人傾聽他們的意見越來越困難。D項是對A,B,C三項的總結(jié)。

4.語義題。Nonethewiser字面意思是“—點也不比以前聰明”。

5.細(xì)節(jié)題。第二段指出:如果我們在法律的構(gòu)架中進(jìn)行工作，真正的持久的解決總是能實現(xiàn)的。因此推斷作者認(rèn)為,法制是消滅種族歧視的辦法。

6.單選題

MuchoftheAmericananxietyaboutoldageisaflightfromtherealityofdeath.OneofthestrikingqualitiesoftheAmericancharacteristheunwillingnesstofaceeitherthefactormeaningofdeath,inthemoresombertraditionofAmericanliterature—fromHawthorneandMelvilleandPoetoFaulknarandHemingway?—onefindsatragicdepththatbeliesthesurfacethinnessoftheordinaryAmericandeathattitudes.Byaneffortoftheimagination,thegreatwritersfacedproblemswhichthecultureinactionisreluctanttofacethefactofdeath,itsmystery,anditsplaceintheback-and-forthshuttlingoftheeternalrecurrence.TheunblinkingconfrontationofdeathinGreektimes,theelaboratetheologicalpatternswovenarounditintheMiddleAges,theritualcelebrationofitintherich,peasantculturesofLatinandSlavicEuropeandinprimitivecultures;thesearedifficulttofindinAmericanlife.

Whetherthroughfearoftheemotionaldepths,orbecauseofadryingupofthesluicesofreligiousintensity,theAmericanavoidsdwellingondeathorevencomingtotermswithit;hefindsitmorbidandreeditsfromit,surroundingitwithwordavoidance(Americansneverdie;they"passaway")andvarioustaboosofspeechandpractice.A"Funeralparlor"isdecoratedtolooklikeabank;everythinginafuneralceremonyisdoneinhushedtones,asifitweresomethingfurtive,tobeconcealedfromtheworld;thereissomuchemphasisonbeingdignifiedthattheceremonyoftenloses'itsqualityofdignity.Insomeoftheprimitivecultures,thereisdifficultyinunderstandingthecausesofdeath;itseemspuzzlingandevenunintelligible.Livingisascientificculture.Americanshavealreadyenoughexplanationofhowitcomes,yettheyshowlittlecapacitytocometotermswiththefactofdeathitselfandwiththegriefthataccompaniesit."Wejubilateoverbirthanddanceatweddings,"writesMargaretMead,"butmoreandmorehustlethedeadoffthescenewithoutceremony,withoutanopportunityforyoungandoldtorealizethatdeathisasmuchafactoflifeasisbirth."And,onemayadd,eveninitshurryandbrevity,thelaststageofanAmerican'slife—thelastoccasionofhisrelationtohissociety—isasstandardizedastherest.

1.InthenovelsofHawthorneandMelville,onewillfind（）.

2.Thewords"passaway"suggestthe（）.

3.UnlikeAmericansociety,someprimitivecultures（）.

4.MargaretMeadsuggeststhat（）.

5.Theword"it"inline2ofparagraph2refersto（）.

6.Wecaninferfromthepassagethatinsomeprimitivecultures,（）.

7.Fromthepassage,weteamthatAmericans（）.

問題1選項

A.ordinaryAmericandeathattitudes

B.awillingnesstoacceptdeathasafactoflife

C.asuperficialattitudetowarddeath

D.amorbidattitudetothedeaththeme

問題2選項

A.religiousovertonesofdeath

B.indifferencewithwhichmostAmericansregarddeath

C.Americanreluctanttofacetherealityofdeath

D.averageAmericanbeliefinimmortality

問題3選項

A.donotunderstandthecausesofdeath

B.understandthecausesofdeath

C.areunabletocometotermswithdeath

D.haveamorbidattitudetowarddeath

問題4選項

A.weshouldsotrejoiceatabirth

B.weshouldcryatabirthandrejoiceatafuneral

C.aweddingshouldbesolemnaffair

D.weshouldacceptbothdeathmidmarriageandbirthasafactoflife

問題5選項

A.fear

B.religiousintegrity

C.dwellingondeath

D.death

問題6選項

A.deathisacceptedhappily

B.deathhasbeentreatedasamystery

C.deathhasbeenbestowedwithrichculturalimplications

D.mentioningofdeathisavoidedinAmericanculture

問題7選項

A.knowscientificallyhowdeathcomesabout

B.treatdeathasamystery

C.acceptdeathsquarely

D.knowmoreaboutdeaththanpeopleinothercountries

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:D

第6題:B

第7題:A

【解析】1.根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“HawthorneandMelville”定位到第一段二三句“fromHawthorneandMelville...—onefindsatragicdepththatbeliesthesurfacethinnessoftheordinaryAmericandeathattitudes.”可知,選項A符合原文。

2.根據(jù)第二段的一二句可知,美國人避免糾纏于死亡,甚至避免接受死亡。用回避的字眼代替死亡,比如美國人永遠(yuǎn)不死,他們是“去世”。說明美國人不愿面對死亡的現(xiàn)實。選項C符合原文。

3.根據(jù)第二段中“Insomeoftheprimitivecultures,thereisdifficultyinunderstandingthecausesofdeath;”可知,選項A與原文描述一致。

4.根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“MargaretMead”定位到第二段的倒數(shù)第二句“deathisasmuchafactoflifeasisbirth.”MargaretMead認(rèn)為死亡和出生一樣,都是生命的事實。選項D符合原文。

5.根據(jù)原文“theAmericanavoidsdwellingondeathorevencomingtotermswithit.”美國人避免對死亡念念不忘,甚至不愿接受它。由此可知,這里的“it”指的是死亡,選項D正確。

6.根據(jù)第二段“Insomeoftheprimitivecultures,thereisdifficultyinunderstandingthecausesofdeath;itseemspuzzlingandevenunintelligible.”在一些原始文化中,人們很難理解死亡的原因；死亡似乎令人費解,甚至難以理解。由此可知,原始文化中,死亡一直被視為一個謎。選項B符合原文。

7.根據(jù)第二段“Americanshavealreadyenoughexplanationofhowitcomes,...”美國人對死亡的原因已經(jīng)有了足夠的了解,選項A符合原文。.

7.翻譯題

道別是一種社交禮儀，它象征一次活動的終結(jié)。

在英國、美國和其他許多西方國家，告別具有特定的程式化常見表達(dá)模式。這些表達(dá)模式依不同的時間、地點、參加人和文化而變化。一般來說，客人應(yīng)該先向主人告別。參加同一活動的兩位賓客應(yīng)該誰先告別并沒有特定要求。有意思的是，在西方國家，客人提出辭呈后不會馬上離去，而是會再多待上10到15分鐘再離開。出于禮貌，客人要反復(fù)告辭兩三次以表示自己確實不愿意離去。主人送客時會在門口與客人道別。更重要的是，客人要對主人的招待表示感謝，主人則要表示再次相聚的愿望。

在中國，送別客人所花費的時間要多得多。事實上，許多好客的主人會堅持把客人送出居民區(qū)，一直送到停車場或公共汽車站。而客人則要再三勸主人不必如此客氣，而他們的努力自然是不會奏效的，因為雙方的做法都是在遵循傳統(tǒng)的禮儀規(guī)范。事實上，主人要等到客人上車，再也看不見了才可以離開。在新疆，多數(shù)當(dāng)?shù)厣贁?shù)民族居民認(rèn)為客人在門口道別離開后還要轉(zhuǎn)身再次向主人表示感謝和祝福。

鞠躬在日本是一種非常重要的習(xí)俗。日本人總是不停地鞠躬。最普遍的現(xiàn)象是他們在彼此問候及道別時以鞠躬代替握手。不論誰向你鞠躬，不回禮是無禮的表現(xiàn)。身體接觸會令日本人不自在。但是，他們已經(jīng)習(xí)慣與西方人握手了。

鞠躬看似簡單，但方式是有區(qū)別的。這取決于你鞠躬致意的對象的社會地位和年齡。如果對方比你的地位高或年紀(jì)比你大，鞠躬角度應(yīng)該更大，時間更長。此時彎腰鞠躬是禮貌的做法。男子通常將雙手垂在身側(cè)，女子則將雙手疊放在大腿上，手指相觸。如果是在非正式場合，類似于點頭的鞠躬就可以了。最常見的形式是15度的鞠躬。你或許會覺得這種做法很怪異，但在日本還是試著要鞠躬。別人會認(rèn)為你十分有禮貌！

【答案】Goodbyesaresocialritualsthatsignaltheendofanevent.

IntheUnitedKingdom,theUnitedStates,andmanyotherwesterncountries,leavingcommonpatternsofexpressionwithspecificformulae.Theserepresentationpatternsvarybytime,place,participant,andculture.Generallyspeaking,guestsshouldsaygoodbyetotheirhostfirst.Thereisnospecificrequestastowhichofthetwoguestsatthesameeventshouldsaygoodbyefirst.Interestingly,inwesterncountries,guestswhosubmittheirresignationsdonotleaveimmediately,butstayforanother10to15minutes.Outofpoliteness,guestshavetosaygoodbyetwoorthreetimestoshowthattheyreallydon’twanttoleave.Thehostwillsaygoodbyetotheguestsatthedoorwhenheseesthemoff.What’smore,theguestshouldexpresshisgratitudeforthehost’shospitality,andthehostshouldexpresshisdesiretogettogetheragain.

SeeingoffgueststakesmuchlongerinChina.Infact,manyhospitablehostsinsistonsendingtheirguestsoutoftheresidentialarea,allthewaytotheparkinglotorbusstop.However,guestsshouldpersuadethehostnottobesopoliteagainandagain,andtheireffortswillnotbeeffective,becausebothsidesarefollowingthetraditionaletiquettenorms.Infact,thehostcan’tleaveuntiltheguestgetsonthebusandcan’tseeitanymore.Inxinjiang,mostethnicminorityresidentsbelievethatguestshavetoturnaroundtothankandblesstheirhostsagainaftersayinggoodbyeatthedoor.

BowingisaveryimportantcustominJapan.TheJapanesealwaysbow.Themostcommonphenomenonisthattheybowinsteadofshakinghandswhengreetingandsayinggoodbyetoeachother.Nomatterwhobowstoyou,itisrudenottogiveback.PhysicalcontactmakestheJapaneseuncomfortable.Buttheyareusedtoshakinghandswithwesterners.

Bowingmayseemsimple,buttherearedifferentwaystodoit.Itdependsonthesocialstatusandageofthepersonyoubowto.Iftheotherpersonisinahigherpositionorolderthanyou,bowmoreandforlonger.Itispolitetobowatthistime.Menusuallyputtheirhandsontheirsides,whilewomenputthemontheirthighsandtouchthemwiththeirfingers.Ifit’sinformal,abowlikeanodisfine.Themostcommonformisa15-degreebow.Youmightthinkit’sweird,butinJapanyoustilltrytobow.Peoplewillthinkyou’reverypolite!

8.翻譯題

不要拋棄學(xué)問

有人說：“出去做事之后，生活問題急需解決，哪有工夫去讀書？即使要做學(xué)問，既沒有圖書館，又沒有實驗室，哪能做學(xué)問？”我要對你們說：凡是要等到有圖書館才能讀書，有了圖書館也不肯讀書；凡是等到有了實驗室方才做研究，有了實驗室也不肯做研究。你有了決心就研究一個問題，自然會節(jié)衣縮食去買書，自然會想出法子來設(shè)置儀器。至于時間，更不成問題。達(dá)爾文一生多病，不能多做工，每天只能做一點鐘的工作。你們看他的成績！每天花一點鐘看10頁有用的書，每年可看3600多頁，30年可讀11萬頁書，11萬頁書可以使你成為一個學(xué)者了。

【答案】NeverGiveupthePursuitofLearning

Somepeoplesay,“Onceyouhaveajob,you’llcomeupagainsttheurgentproblemofmakingaliving.Howcanyoumanagetofindtimetostudy?Evenifyouwantto,willitbepossiblewithnolibraryornolaboratoryavailable?”Nowletmetellyouthis.Thosewhorefusetostudyforlackofalibrarywillmostprobablycontinuetodosoeventhoughthereisalibrary.Andthosewhorefusetodoresearchforlackofalaboratorywillmostprobablycontinuetodosoeventhoughalaboratoryisavailable.Aslongasyousetyourmindonstudies,youwillnaturallycutdownonfoodandclothingtobuybooksordoeverythingpossibletoacquirenecessaryinstruments.Timeisnoobject.CharlesDarwincouldonlyworkonehouradayduetoillhealth.Yetwhataremarkablemanhewas!Ifyouspendonehouradayreading10pagesofabook,youcanfinishmorethan3600pagesayear,and110000pagesin30years.110000pageswillbequiteenoughtomakealearnedmanofman.

9.單選題

ForonebriefmomentinApril,LarryEllisoncamewithinafewdollarsofbeingtherichestmanintheworld.ThecomputertycoonwasholdingaglobalconferencecallonaWednesdaymorning,whenthevalueofhiscompanysurged.

ItwasthemomenthealmostovertookBillGates,founderofMicrosoft,asthewealthiestontheplanet.Forafewseconds,asshareoftradersmarkedMicrosoftdownandOracleup,EllisoncamewithinUS$200,000ofGates.Theself-proclaimed“badboy”ofSiliconValleyfoundhimselfworthmorethanUS$52billion,upfromamereUS$10billionthistimelastyear.ThenMicrosoft’sshareprice,whichhadplungedinrecentweeks,recoveredandthemomentpassed.

Once,Ellison,founderofthesoftwarecompanyOracle,wouldhavedancedaroundhisdeskcursinglikeapirateatfailingtobringdownGates,arivalhehadconstantlymadefunofinpublic.ButSiliconValleyinsiderssaidheremainedcalm,andmuttered:“Oneday,onedayvery,verysoon.”Heknewhismomentwasclose.UnlikeGates,heisnotbigoncharity,preferringtospendhismoneyinhisway.Hehashisownprivateairforce,amilitary-stylecrewbasedatSanJoseairportnearRedwoodCity,tohelphimflyhisGulfstreamVjet(withtwomarbledbathrooms),aMarchettifighterplaneimportedfromItaly,andahandfulofotheraircraft,includingatrainerforhisson.HealsoplanstoimportaRussianMig-29fighter(capableof1,500mph).Whydoeshewantone?Sothat,hejoked,hecanblastGateshomenearSeattle.Carsarecheapandcheerfulbycomparison.Hehasarelatively-modestPorscheBoxster,twospeciallyalteredMercedesandaUS$900,000silverMcLaren.InSanFranciscoheownsamagnificenthouseinPacificHeights,oneofWesternAmerica’smostexpensivestretchesofrealestate.Thehouseisatechnicalmarvel:Whenheinsertshiskey,theopaqueglassdoorturnstransparent,revealingaJapanesegardeninthemiddleofthehouse.Forreasonsheknowsbest,EllisonisobsessedwithJapaneseculture.

WhileGatescomesfromastrongfamily,Ellisonstilldoesnotknowwhohisfatherwas.HewasborntoanunmarriedmotherandadoptedbyhisRussianuncleandaunt.Abrilliantbutunpredictableself-promoter,hedroppedoutofcollege,drovetoCaliforniainabatteredThunderbirdcarandendedupworkingwithcomputertechniciansatabank.“Healwayshadachampagnelifestyleonbeermoney,”hisfirstwifesaid.

HesetupOraclein1977asasuper-salesmanwith3programmers,creatingsoftwareforbusinesses.Italmostcollapsedwhenitpromisedmorethanitcoulddeliver,butsincethenitsfortuneshavesoared.Nowitemploys43,000peopleandhasdesigneddata-processingsystemsusedbyBritain’sMl5spyserviceaswellasbigwesterncompanies.Oracle’ssoftwareismoreInternet-friendlythanGatesWindowonefactorbehindthecompany’srecentsharepricerise.

Sincehiscompanygotbig,Ellisonhaspromisedshareholdersthathewillspendmoretimeintheoffice.Butcanheescapebeingthethrill-seekerheisatheart?Assummerapproaches,hemayfindithardtoresistthelureofhisyachts,Sakura,oneofthelongestintheworld,andSayonara(Japanesefor“seeyoulater”),whichheracesfuriously.Itisdangeroussport,evenforguests.MediatycoonRupertMurdochoncenearlylostafingerwhenhegrabbedaropeduringaraceonboardthesayonara.Ellisonjokedatleasthecouldstillwrotechecks.

Regardlessofdistractions,EllisonwillnotgiveupinhisbattleagainstGates.Hehatestolose.Ellisondeclaresthatanysuchdominancebyoneman,likeMicrosoftincomputerindustry,isunhealthy.Hehasobviouslyforgottenhisownplanforaglobalempire,whichhewantedtocalltheUniversalTitanicOctopusCorporation.

1.Inthestockmarket,（）.

2.UnlikeBillGates,Ellison（）.

3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTEllison’sbelongings?

4.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutEllison?

5.Oracle’sadvantageisthat（）.

問題1選項

A.EllisonisasrichasBillGates

B.EllisonhasUS$200,000lessthanBillGates

C.Ellisonisricherthanbill

D.OraclehasmoremoneythanMicrosoft

問題2選項

A.comesfromastrongfamily

B.hasapoorfather

C.doesnotspendmuchoncharity

D.wasborninCalifornia

問題3選項

A.AGulfstreamVjet.

B.AMarchettifighter.

C.APorscheBoxster.

D.ARussianMig-29fighter.

問題4選項

A.Ellisonlacksthecharacteristicsofcalmness.

B.EllisondislikeJapaneseculture.

C.Ellisoniskeenonyachting.

D.Ellison’sbusinesshasgonesmoothlysincethebeginning.

問題5選項

A.itssharepriceisprettyhigh

B.ithasmoreemployeesthanMicrosoft

C.itsthebiggestwesterncompany

D.itssoftwareismoreinternet-friendlythanMicrosoft

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】1.事實細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干信息定位到第二段Forafewseconds,asshareoftradersmarkedMicrosoftdownandOracleup,EllisoncamewithinUS$200,000ofGates.（有那么幾秒鐘，當(dāng)交易員們認(rèn)為微軟股價下跌、甲骨文股價上漲時，埃里森的股價只比蓋茨便宜20萬美元。）因此B選項“埃里森比比爾?蓋茨身價少20萬美元”正確。A選項“埃里森和比爾?蓋茨一樣富有”不正確，文章討論的是他們的身價，而不是誰更有錢。C選項“埃里森比比爾?蓋茨更富有”，不正確，文章沒有給出這個信息；D選項“甲骨文比微軟有更多的錢”，根據(jù)埃里森的身價沒有比爾蓋茨高可以推斷甲骨文（埃里森的公司）應(yīng)該是沒有微軟更有錢的。

2.事實細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到第三段UnlikeGates,heisnotbigoncharity,preferringtospendhismoneyinhisway.（與蓋茨不同的是，他不熱衷于慈善事業(yè)，更喜歡按自己的方式花錢。）因此C選項“在慈善事業(yè)上花的錢不多”正確。A選項“來自一個強(qiáng)大的家庭”在后文WhileGatescomesfromastrongfamily,Ellisonstilldoesnotknowwhohisfatherwas.（雖然蓋茨來自一個強(qiáng)大的家庭，但埃里森仍然不知道他的父親是誰。）A選項不正確；B選項“有一個貧窮的父親”，他甚至都不知道自己的父親是誰，不正確；D選項“出生在加利福尼亞”，后文說他自己駕車去了加利福尼亞，所以可以判斷他不是在這里出生的，錯誤。

3.事實細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到第三段Hehashisownprivateairforce,amilitary-stylecrewbasedatSanJoseairportnearRedwoodCity,tohelphimflyhisGulfstreamVjet(withtwomarbledbathrooms).（他有自己的私人空軍，一個駐扎在雷德伍德城附近的圣何塞機(jī)場的軍事風(fēng)格的機(jī)組人員，幫助他駕駛灣流V型噴氣式飛機(jī)。）因此A選項是他的所有物；同樣在第三段aMarchettifighterplaneimportedfromItaly,andahandfulofotheraircraft,includingatrainerforhisson.（一架從意大利進(jìn)口的馬爾切蒂戰(zhàn)斗機(jī)，以及其他幾架飛機(jī)，包括給他兒子的一名教練員。）因此B選項也是他的所有物；在第三段Hehasarelatively-modestPorscheBoxster,twospeciallyalteredMercedesandaUS$900,000silverMcLaren.（他有一輛相對普通的保時捷Boxster，兩輛經(jīng)過特別改裝的奔馳和一輛價值90萬美元的銀色邁凱輪。）因此C選項也是他的所有物；只有D選項是原文沒有提到的，因此D選項正確。

4.判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干和選項關(guān)鍵詞定位到第六段Assummerapproaches,hemayfindithardtoresistthelureofhisyachts,Sakura,oneofthelongestintheworld,andSayonara(Japanesefor“seeyoulater”),whichheracesfuriously.（隨著夏天的臨近，他可能會發(fā)現(xiàn)很難抗拒他的游艇——世界上最長的游艇之一“Sakura”和他瘋狂的“Sayonara”(日語“再見”)的誘惑。）可以推斷出Ellison本人是熱衷于游艇運動的，因此C選項“埃里森熱衷于游艇運動”正確。A選項“埃里森缺乏冷靜的特質(zhì)”，文章并沒有給出明確表示；B選項“埃里森不喜歡日本文化”，在第三段的最后一句話Forreasonsheknowsbest,EllisonisobsessedwithJapaneseculture.（出于對日本文化最了解的原因，埃里森癡迷于日本文化。），因此B選項錯誤；D選項“埃里森的業(yè)務(wù)從一開始就進(jìn)展順利”，一開始的時候他的公司幾近崩潰，是后來挺過來了才蒸蒸日上，因此D選項錯誤。

5.判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干信息定位到第五段的最后一句話Oracle’ssoftwareismoreInternet-friendlythanGatesWindowonefactorbehindthecompany’srecentsharepricerise.（甲骨文的軟件在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上比蓋茨的Windows系統(tǒng)更友好，這是該公司最近股價上漲的一個原因。）由此可知，D選項“它的軟件比微軟在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上更友好”正確。A選項“它的股價相當(dāng)高”原文沒有提到；B選項“他比微軟有更多的員工”，文章沒有說這個是優(yōu)勢；C選項“它是最大的西方公司”，這個是文章沒有說到的。

10.單選題

Althoughskepticssayfinancialproblemswillprobably（

）ourestablishingabaseontheMoon,supportersoftheprojectremain（

）,sayingthathumancuriosityshouldovercomesuchpragmaticconstraints.

問題1選項

A.beset...disillusioned

B.postpone...pessimistic

C.prevent...enthusiastic

D.allow...unconvinced

【答案】C

【解析】動詞和形容詞辨析題。A選項beset“困擾，鑲嵌，圍繞”；disillusioned“醒悟的，幻想破滅的”；B選項postpone“推遲，延遲，延緩”；pessimistic“悲觀主義的”;C選項prevent“預(yù)防，防止，阻止”；enthusiastic“熱心的，熱情的”;D選項allow“考慮”；unconvinced“不能令人信服的，懷疑的”。根據(jù)句意‘盡管反對者認(rèn)為在月球上建立一個基地會受到經(jīng)濟(jì)問題的阻撓，然而這個項目的支持者仍然保持熱情，認(rèn)為人類的好奇心應(yīng)該克服這種務(wù)實的約束?！疌選項正確

11.單選題

Amtrak（美國鐵路客運公司）wasexperiencingadownswinginridership（客運量）alongthelinescomprisingitsrailsystem.OfmajorconcerntoAmtrakanditsadvertisingagencyDDBNeedham,werethelong-distan