考研考博-英語-上海海事職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-上海海事職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.翻譯題

Internationalmarketingisnotaluxurytobeconsideredasabonusontopofeverycompanyseekingtosustainitsowneconomicfuture.Itthereforerequirescommitmentandanequalshareoftheallocationofresourcesthatwouldnormallybecommittedtothedomesticmarket.Certainly,itlacksdefinitionandabodyofknowledgesufficienttoexcite,butitisbecausecompaniesdonotrecognizetheimportanceandneedforinternationalmarketingthatthereisthislackofsuitablepositionsforthosestudentsofinternationalmarketing.Notallcountries,however,holdinternationalmarketinginthesamelowesteem.WhilethismaybetrueoftheUnitedKingdomandNorthAmerica,itisnottrueofJapanwhereindustryandcommercehavemaintainedtraditionallystrongtieswithitsuniversitiesCoincidentally,Japanhasbeenforgingaheadininternationalmarketseveninthosecountriesinwhichitisnotatraditionalsupplier.

【答案】國際市場營銷不是尋求維持自身經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的公司的像一種津貼樣的奢侈品。因此，它要求享有與國內(nèi)市場同樣的權(quán)利，即一樣的投入與資源配置。由于缺少對國際營銷學(xué)的完整定義，許多企業(yè)并不重視國際市場營銷的重要性和必要性，這就使得許多國際營銷學(xué)專業(yè)的學(xué)生沒有合適的工作崗位。然而，并非所有的國家都不重視國際營銷學(xué)專業(yè)。英國和北美洲國家或許不重視，但是日本則完全不同。日本的工商業(yè)習(xí)慣上都與各類高校保持著緊密的聯(lián)系。巧合地是，日本的國際市場營銷，甚至在它不是傳統(tǒng)性供應(yīng)商的那些國家中，也一直是扶搖直上。

2.翻譯題

美國人以兩個(gè)特殊的日子向父母表示敬意：這便是每年五月第二個(gè)星期日的母親節(jié)和六月第三個(gè)星期日的父親節(jié)。人們用各種形式來慶賀這兩個(gè)特殊的日子。在母親節(jié)那天，人們佩戴康乃馨（carnation）；很多人還通過參加宗教儀式來向父母致意；在這兩天，許多家庭在家中或到餐館去聚會。這是充滿歡樂、美好情感和美好回憶的日子。

【答案】PeopleintheUnitedStateshonortheirparentswithtwospecialdays:Mother'sDay,onthesecondSundayinMay,andFather'sDay,onthethirdSundayinJune.Thesedaysaresetasidetoshowloveandrespectforparents.OnMother'sDaypeoplewearcarnations;manypeopleattendreligiousservicestohonorparents.Onthesedaysfamiliesgettogetherathome,aswellasinrestaurants.Thesearedaysoffunandgoodfeelingsandmemories.

3.單選題

Thereisanewtypeofsmalladvertisementbecomingincreasinglycommoninnewspaperclassifiedcolumns.Itissometimesplacedamong“situationsvacant”,althoughitdoesnotofferanyoneajob,andsometimesitappearsamong“situationwanted”,althoughitisnotplacedbysomeonelookingforajobeither.Whatitdoesistoofferhelpinapplyingforajob.

“Contactusbeforewritingyourapplication”or“Makeuseofourlongexperienceinpreparingyourcurriculumvitaeorjobhistory”ishowitisusuallyexpressed.Thegrowthandapparentsuccessofsuchaspecializedserviceis,ofcourse,areflectiononthecurrenthighlevelsofunemployment.Itisalsoanindicationofthegrowingimportanceofthecurriculumvitae(orjobhistory),withthesuggestionthatitmaynowqualifyasanartforminitsownright.

Therewasatimewhenjobseekerssimplywrotelettersofapplication.“Justputdownyourname,address,ageandwhetheryouhavepassedanyexams”wasabouttheaveragelevelofadviceofferedtoyoungpeopleapplyingfortheirfirstjobswhenIleftschool.Theletterwasreallyjustforopeners,itwasexplained,everythingelsecouldandshouldbesavedfortheinterview.Andinthosedaysoffullemploymentthetechniqueworked.Theletterprovedthatyoucouldwriteandwereavailableforwork.Youreagerfaceandintelligentrepliesdidtherest.

Later,asyoumoveduptheladder,somethingslightlymoresophisticatedwascalledfor.Theadvicethenwastoputsomethingintheletterwhichwoulddistinguishyoufromtherest.Itmightbetheaggressiveapproach.“Yoursearchisover.Iamthepersonyouarelookingfor”wasawidelyusedtrickthatoccasionallysucceeded.Oritmightbesomespecialfeaturespeciallydesignedforthejobinview.

Thereisnodoubt,however,thatitistheincreasingnumberofapplicantswithuniversityeducationatallpointsintheprocessofengagingstaffthathasledtothegreaterimportanceofthecurriculumvitae.

6.Thenewtypeofadvertisementwhichisappearinginnewspaperclassifiedcolumns______.

7.Nowadaysademandforthisspecializedtypeofservicehasbeencreatedbecause______.

8.Inthepastitwasexpectedthatfirstjobhunterswould______.

9.Later,asonewentontoapplyformoreimportantjobs,onewasadvisedtoincludeintheletter______.

10.Thejobhistoryhasbecomesuchanimportantdocumentbecause______.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.informsjobhuntersoftheopportunitiesavailable

B.promisesusefuladvicetothoselookingforemployment

C.dividesavailablejobsintovarioustypes

D.informsemployersthatpeopleareavailableforwork

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.thereisalackofjobsavailableforartisticpeople

B.therearesomanytopleveljobsavailable

C.therearesomanypeopleoutofwork

D.Thejobhistoryisconsideredtobeaworkofart

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.writeaninitiallettergivingtheirlifehistory

B.passsomeexamsbeforeapplyingforajob

C.havenoqualificationsotherthanbeingabletoreadandwrite

D.keepanydetailedinformationuntiltheyobtainedaninterview

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.somethingthatwouldattractattentiontoone’sapplication

B.apersonalopinionabouttheorganizationonewastryingtojoin

C.somethingthatwouldoffendthepersonreadingit

D.aliethatonecouldeasilygetawaywithtelling

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.therehasbeenanincreaseinthenumberofjobsadvertised

B.therehasbeenanincreaseinthenumberofapplicantswithdegrees

C.jobsarebecomingmuchmorecomplicatednowadays

D.otherprocessesofapplyingforjobsaremorecomplicated

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】6.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“newtypeofadvertisement”可以定位到第一段，第一段最后一句說到Whatitdoesistoofferhelpinapplyingforajob.（它的作用是在申請工作時(shí)提供幫助。），說明這類在報(bào)紙分類欄中出現(xiàn)的新型廣告會幫助求職者申請工作。因此B選項(xiàng)“承諾為求職者提供有用的建議”正確。A選項(xiàng)“告知求職者可以獲得的機(jī)會”，C選項(xiàng)“將現(xiàn)有的工作崗位劃分為不同類型”，D選項(xiàng)“通知用人單位有人可以工作”在文中均沒有提及，所以A，C，D錯誤。

7.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“specializedtypeofservice”可以定位到文章第二段第二句Thegrowthandapparentsuccessofsuchaspecializedserviceis,ofcourse,areflectiononthecurrenthighlevelsofunemployment.（當(dāng)然，這種專業(yè)化服務(wù)的增長和明顯的成功反映了當(dāng)前的高失業(yè)率。），說明人們需要這種專業(yè)化服務(wù)類型是因?yàn)槭I(yè)率很高。因此C選項(xiàng)“失業(yè)的人太多了”正確。A選項(xiàng)“藝術(shù)類人才的工作崗位匱乏”，B選項(xiàng)“有很多的高層工作可做”在文中沒有提及，所以A，B錯誤。D選項(xiàng)“工作履歷被認(rèn)為是一件藝術(shù)品”表述的因果關(guān)系顛倒，所以D錯誤。

8.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】推理判斷題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“firstjobhunters”可以定位到文章第三段第二、三句“Justputdownyourname,address,ageandwhetheryouhavepassedanyexams”wasabouttheaveragelevelofadviceofferedtoyoungpeopleapplyingfortheirfirstjobswhenIleftschool.Theletterwasreallyjustforopeners,itwasexplained,everythingelsecouldandshouldbesavedfortheinterview.（“只要寫上你的姓名、地址、年齡和是否通過任何考試就可以了”，這是我離開學(xué)校時(shí)，給應(yīng)聘第一份工作的年輕人的平均建議水平。這封信其實(shí)只是用來作為開場白的，其他的一切都可以也應(yīng)該留到面試的時(shí)候再說。），說明過去人們希望第一次的求職者在面試之前只需要寫一封求職信，其他的詳細(xì)信息可以保留到面試時(shí)再說。因此D選項(xiàng)“在獲得面試機(jī)會之前，保留所有詳細(xì)信息”正確。A選項(xiàng)“初步寫一封信說明自己的人生經(jīng)歷”，B選項(xiàng)“應(yīng)聘前要通過一些考試”，C選項(xiàng)“除了會讀會寫之外，沒有其他任職資格”均不符合題意，所以A，B，C錯誤。

9.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章第四段第一、二句Later,asyoumoveduptheladder,somethingslightlymoresophisticatedwascalledfor.Theadvicethenwastoputsomethingintheletterwhichwoulddistinguishyoufromtherest.（后來，當(dāng)你一步步往上爬的時(shí)候，就需要一些稍微復(fù)雜的東西。當(dāng)時(shí)的建議是，在信里寫下一些可以讓你和別人區(qū)分開來的東西。），說明去應(yīng)聘更重要的工作時(shí)，求職信應(yīng)該寫得與眾不同，吸引雇主的注意。因此A選項(xiàng)“能讓人們對求職信產(chǎn)生注意的東西”正確。B選項(xiàng)“對所要加入的組織的個(gè)人看法”，C選項(xiàng)“會讓閱讀者感到不快的東西”，D選項(xiàng)“可以輕易逃脫的謊言”在文中均沒有提及，所以B，C，D錯誤。

10.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章第五段Thereisnodoubt,however,thatitistheincreasingnumberofapplicantswithuniversityeducationatallpointsintheprocessofengagingstaffthathasledtothegreaterimportanceofthecurriculumvitae.（但毫無疑問的是，正因?yàn)榍舐氝^程中有大學(xué)學(xué)歷的人越來越多，所以簡歷才變得更加重要。），說明簡歷變得重要的原因是有大學(xué)學(xué)歷的求職者越來越多。因此B選項(xiàng)“擁有學(xué)位的申請者人數(shù)增加”正確。A選項(xiàng)“公布的工作崗位數(shù)量增加”，C選項(xiàng)“現(xiàn)在的工作越來越復(fù)雜”，D選項(xiàng)“申請工作的其他流程更加復(fù)雜”在文中均沒有提及，所以A，C，D錯誤。

4.單選題

Thesunisnotgrowingweaker,yetitslightappearstobedimming.Between1960and1990,somescientistsbelieve,theamountofsolarradiationreachingEarth’ssurfacemayhavedeclinedasmuchas10%—andinsomeplaces,HongKong,forexample,morethan35%.

Whatwasgoingon?Well,itappearsthatincreasedairpollutionduringthose30years—overAsia,inparticular—withthehelp,perhaps,ofsomeincreasedcloudiness,mayhaveexertedacoolinginfluenceonthesurfaceoftheplanetevenascarbondioxideandothergreenhousegaseswereencouragingtheatmospheretowarm.Theimpactsofthattug-of-warontheclimatesystemcouldbedevilishlydifficulttountangle.Atthesametime,notaskcouldbemoreurgent.Forifglobalpollutionhashelpedkeepglobalwarmingincheck,saysVeerabhadranRamanthan,anatmosphericscientistattheUniversityofCaliforniaatSanDiego,thenthefullimpactofthebuildupofgreenhousegaseshasyettobefelt.Thisweek,attheAmericanGeophysicalUnionmeetinginMontreal,Ramanathanandotherswillbepresentingthelatestdataonthesolar-dimmingproblemandponderingitsimplicationsfortheclimatesystemasawhole.

Manyscenariosforglobalwarming,forexample,invokeaspeedupinthehydrologicalcyclebywhichwaterevaporatesandthencomesdownasrain.Thecoolingproducedbysolardimming,however,mayslowtherateofevaporation,whilehigherupintheatmospherethepollutantsresponsibleforabsorbingandreflectingsunlightarelikelytointerferewiththeprocessthatproducesrain.

Why?Thesepollutants,whichtaketheformoftiny,airborneparticlescalledaerosols,actasnucleiaroundwhichclouddropletsform.Theproblemis,therearetoomanyaerosolsintheatmospherecompetingforwatermolecules,sotheclouddropletsthatformaretoosmallandneverbecomeweightyenoughtofalltotheground.Asaresult,saysBeateLiepert,anatmosphericphysicistatColumbiaUniversity’sLamont-DohertyEarthObservatory,theatmospherecouldbefilledwithmoisturewhileEarth’ssurfacethirstsforrain.

Manyquestionsremain,includingthetrueextentofthedimming.Oneanalysispegstheaverageworldwidedarkeningtobeabout4%overthreedecades,whileanothercomputesittobemorethantwicethatmuch.TherearealsoquestionsaboutthereliabilityofthedevicesthatmeasurethesunlightreachingEarth’ssurface.Knownasradiometers,theseinstrumentsarenothingmorethanflat,blacksolarcollectorscappedwithglass.Theyaresometimesfinicky:asmudgeofdirtoraspeckofdustcancausebogusreadingsandchangethecalculatedresults.

Solardimming,inotherwords,isaproblemstillintheprocessofbeingdefined,andasitsdimensionsbecomeclearer,sowillthenatureofthechallengetheworldfaces.Althoughscientistshavedonealotofthinkingaboutglobalwarming,theyarejustbeginningtograpplewiththeproblemofhowglobalwarmingandsolardimminginteract.AsRamanthanputsit,“It’slikewehaveanewgorillasittingdownatthetable”—anditcouldturnouttobeaverybiggorillaindeed.

1.Bytug-of-war,(line4,Paragraph2),theauthormeans（

）.

2.Howdothescientistsfeelaboutthecurrentclimatesituation?

3.Whenmentioning“it’slikewehaveanewgorillasittingdownatthetable”(Line4,Paragraph6),theauthorimpliesthat（

）.

4.Whichofthefollowingcannotserveasfactorofcausingthecoolingsurfaceoftheplanet?

5.WhichofthefollowingisTUREaccordingtothetext?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.thedifferenteffectofsolardimmingandglobalwarming

B.theimpactofthesolardimmingontheclimatesystem

C.theinfluenceofthesolardimmingontheglobalwarming

D.theinteractionbetweenthesolardimmingandglobalwarming

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Serious

B.Optimistic

C.Carefree

D.Panicked

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.scientistshouldhaveacloselookatthesolardimmingproblem

B.wearefacinganewproblemwhichisverycomplicatedanddifficulttomanage

C.wearejustbeginningtohaveresearchonthisnewfield

D.thenewsolardimmingproblemisbeyondscientists’abilitytotackle

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Thelackoftherainintheplanet.

B.Theincreasingofthepollutants.

C.Theformingoftheclouddroplets.

D.Thelessweightoftheclouddroplets.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Theinstrumentsusedinthestudyaretoosimpletofunctionwell.

B.Livingthingsintheearthwillbegreatlyinfluencedbysolardimming.

C.Thereisstillalongwaytogointhestudyofsolardimming.

D.Thefindingsthatthesolardimminghasinfluenceonthesurfaceoftheplanetaredoubtful.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】1.詞義題。由第二段“Whatwasgoingon?Well,itappearsthatincreasedairpollutionduringthose30years—overAsia,inparticular—withthehelp,perhaps,ofsomeincreasedcloudiness,mayhaveexertedacoolinginfluenceonthesurfaceoftheplanetevenascarbondioxideandothergreenhousegaseswereencouragingtheatmospheretowarm.Theimpactsofthattug-of-warontheclimatesystemcouldbedevilishlydifficulttountangle.發(fā)生了什么事?在這30年里，空氣污染的加劇——尤其是在亞洲——在云層增加的幫助下，可能對地球表面產(chǎn)生了降溫的影響，而二氧化碳和其他溫室氣體卻在促使大氣變暖。這種拉鋸戰(zhàn)對氣候系統(tǒng)的影響可能極其難以理清?！笨芍猼ug-of-war指全球變暖以及云層增加導(dǎo)致地面降溫，太陽變暗的相互作用。故D項(xiàng)正確。

2.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。由第二段“Atthesametime,notaskcouldbemoreurgent.Forifglobalpollutionhashelpedkeepglobalwarmingincheck…與此同時(shí)，沒有比這更緊迫的任務(wù)了。因?yàn)槿绻蛭廴局L了全球變暖的話……。”可知科學(xué)家認(rèn)為當(dāng)前的氣候形勢是十分嚴(yán)峻的。故A項(xiàng)正確。

3.推理判斷題。通讀最后一段“Solardimming,inotherwords,isaproblemstillintheprocessofbeingdefined,andasitsdimensionsbecomeclearer,sowillthenatureofthechallengetheworldfaces.Althoughscientistshavedonealotofthinkingaboutglobalwarming,theyarejustbeginningtograpplewiththeproblemofhowglobalwarmingandsolardimminginteract.換句話說，太陽變暗仍然是一個(gè)仍在界定過程中的問題，隨著它的范圍變得更清楚，世界所面臨的挑戰(zhàn)的性質(zhì)也將更清楚。盡管科學(xué)家們已經(jīng)對全球變暖做了很多思考，但他們剛剛開始解決全球變暖和太陽變暗如何相互作用的問題。”可知太陽變暗這個(gè)問題，科學(xué)家們還才剛剛開始研究，還有很多東西需要了解。最后以Ramanthan的話結(jié)尾，那么結(jié)尾語應(yīng)該與上文呼應(yīng)，即太陽變暗這個(gè)問題，還才開始，比較難以處理。故B項(xiàng)正確。

4.推理判斷題。通讀第四段“Why?Thesepollutants,whichtaketheformoftiny,airborneparticlescalledaerosols,actasnucleiaroundwhichclouddropletsform.Theproblemis,therearetoomanyaerosolsintheatmospherecompetingforwatermolecules,sotheclouddropletsthatformaretoosmallandneverbecomeweightyenoughtofalltotheground.Asaresult,saysBeateLiepert,anatmosphericphysicistatColumbiaUniversity’sLamont-DohertyEarthObservatory,theatmospherecouldbefilledwithmoisturewhileEarth’ssurfacethirstsforrain.為什么?這些污染物以被稱為氣溶膠的微小空氣微粒的形式存在，它們充當(dāng)云滴形成的核心。問題是，大氣中有太多的懸浮顆粒在爭奪水分子，所以形成的云滴太小，永遠(yuǎn)不會重到足以落到地面。哥倫比亞大學(xué)拉蒙特-多爾蒂地球觀測站的大氣物理學(xué)家貝亞特?利佩特說，這樣一來，大氣層就會充滿水分，而地球表面卻渴望雨水。”可知A項(xiàng)“地球缺少雨水”是結(jié)果，而非原因。B項(xiàng)“污染物的增加”，C項(xiàng)“云滴的形成”，D項(xiàng)“云滴的重量較輕”都是導(dǎo)致地球大氣層溫度低的原因。

5.推理判斷題。本文最后一段提到對于太陽變暗這個(gè)問題?？茖W(xué)家的研究還才剛開始，還有很多東西不了解，故C項(xiàng)“在太陽變暗這個(gè)問題的研究上還有很長的路要走”正確。

5.單選題

Noneofstudentsintheclasslikesthemistress,whoisusedtobeing（）ofeverythingtheydo.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.emotional

B.optimistic

C.interested

D.critical

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)emotional“情感的”；B選項(xiàng)optimistic“樂觀的”；C選項(xiàng)interested“感興趣的”；D選項(xiàng)critical“批評的，苛刻的”，句意：班里沒有一個(gè)學(xué)生喜歡那位女老師，她慣于批評學(xué)生們所做的一切事。所以選D。

6.填空題

YesterdayIgavemymother（1）orangesweaterfor（2）birthday.

句意:昨天，我送了一件橘色的羊毛衫給我媽媽做生日禮物。

【答案】1.an

2.her

【解析】1.語法題。考查不定冠詞。這里表示“送了一件橘色的羊毛衫”,此處應(yīng)填一個(gè)不定冠詞。orange的發(fā)音為元音開始，故應(yīng)該選不定冠詞an。

2.語法題?？疾槿朔Q代詞所有格。這里填her表示“她的”。

7.單選題

Thestreetperformerwassobadwehadto（）him,butdidwehavetothrowtherottentomatoesathishead?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.jeer

B.dissolve

C.adjourn

D.guarantee

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)jeer“嘲笑；戲弄”；B選項(xiàng)dissolve“使溶解；使分解；使液化”；C選項(xiàng)adjourn“推遲；使……中止”；D選項(xiàng)guarantee“保證；擔(dān)?！?。句意：街頭藝人的表演是如此糟糕，所以我們不得不嘲笑他，但是我們不得不向他的頭扔腐爛的西紅柿嗎？結(jié)合句意，A選項(xiàng)正確。

8.單選題

Youdon'thavetoinstallthisradioinyournewcar,it'san（）extra.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.excessive

B.optional

C.additional

D.arbitrary

【答案】B

【解析】句意:你不必在你的新車上安裝這個(gè)收音機(jī)，它是一個(gè)可選的附加設(shè)備。

考查形容詞辨析。excessive過多的；過分的；optional可選擇的：隨意的；additional附加的；額外的：arbitrary武斷的；專制的。由前半句句意“你不必在你的新車上安裝這個(gè)收音機(jī)”可知，B項(xiàng)正確。

9.單選題

Icanappreciatethe（

）thatpromptsyoutomakethisoffer.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.magnet

B.intellect

C.motion

D.motive

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。magnet意為“磁鐵，磁石”；intellect意為“智力，理解力”；motion意為“運(yùn)動”；motive意為“動機(jī)，原因”。

句意：我能理解促使你做出這個(gè)提議的動機(jī)。

10.單選題

Kazakhstanisto（）businessregistrationproceduresbylesseningthenumberofthedocumentsforbusinessregistration.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.simplify

B.signify

C.stimulate

D.stipulate

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞辨析。simplify簡化；signify表示，意味著；stimulate刺激，鼓舞；stipulate規(guī)定，保證。由lessening…可知哈薩克斯坦正在減少辦理商業(yè)登記的文件數(shù)量，目的是為了簡化商業(yè)登記手續(xù)。故空格處所填單詞與lessening意思接近，A項(xiàng)符合題意。

11.單選題

She’sgotso______tolightmusicthatithasbecomeaconstantcompanionofherlife.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.usetolisten

B.usedtolisten

C.usedinlistening

D.usedtolistening

【答案】D

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.usetolistenB.usedtolisten

C.usedinlisteningD.usedtolistening

【答案】D

【考查點(diǎn)】固定搭配。

【解題思路】根據(jù)got可知，getusedtodoingsth.是固定搭配，表示“習(xí)慣于”，故該題選擇D項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B項(xiàng)getusedto中的to是介詞，后面不能直接跟動詞原形；

A、C項(xiàng)不符合固定搭配。

【句意】她已經(jīng)非常習(xí)慣聽輕音樂，輕音樂已經(jīng)成為她生活中永遠(yuǎn)的伴侶。

12.單選題

Hewasmeticulousincheckinghisaccounts.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.extremelyslow

B.incrediblyquick

C.excessivelycareful

D.unbelievablycare

【答案】C

【解析】meticulous意為一絲不茍的，小心翼翼的。選項(xiàng)C與之意思相近。

13.單選題

Becauseofhis（

）,hewasdischargedfromhispositionasfamilychauffer.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.inebriety

B.sophist

C.stratum

D.fresco

【答案】A

【解析】考察名詞詞義辨析。inebriety“醉癖”；sophist“詭辯家；學(xué)者”；stratum“社會階層”；fresco“壁畫”。句意：由于他經(jīng)常醉酒，他不允許進(jìn)入廚房。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

14.單選題

AfterthreeweeksoffruitlesshagglingwithPrimeMinisterBenjaminNetanyahu,theObamaadministrationhasgivenupitseffortstopersuadetheIsraeligovernmenttofreezeconstructionofJewishsettlementsfor90days,asenioradministrationofficialsaidTuesday.

ThedecisionleavesMiddleEastpeacetalksinflux,withthePalestiniansrefusingtoresumedirectnegotiationsabsentamoratoriumtheUnitedStatesstrugglingtofindanotherformulatobringthembacktothetable.Itisanothersetbackinwhathasprovedtobeastar-crossedcampaignbyPresidentObama.

Theadministrationdecidedtopulltheplug,officialssaid,becauseitconcludedthatevenifMr.Netanyahupersuadedhiscabinettoacceptafreeze—whichhehadnotyetbeenabletodo—the90-daynegotiatingperiodwouldnothaveproducedtheprogressoncoreissuesthattheUnitedStatesoriginallyhadsought.

AdministrationofficialsdidnotofferaPlanBtorevivethetalks,andanalystssaiditwasnotclearthattheadministrationhadone,beyondageneralcommitmenttokeeptalkingtotheIsraelisandPalestiniansaboutthemajorissuesthatdividethem:borders,securityandthestatusofJerusalem,amongothers.

Apreviewoftheadministration’snextmovecouldcomeinanaddressonMiddleEastpolicythatSecretaryofStateHillaryRodhamClintonisscheduledtodeliveronFridayattheBrookingsInstitution.Buttheadministration’sstrategyappearedtobeunsettled.

“Wisely,inmyview,theadministrationisbendingtoreality,”saidRobertMalley,apeacenegotiatorintheClintonadministration,“Themostlikelyscenarioisthatthismoratoriumwasgoingtobuythemashortreprieve,andwasthengoingtoplungethemintothesamecrisistheywereinbefore”.

NeithertheIsraelisnorthePalestiniansissuedaresponsetothenews.ButadministrationofficialssaidtheUnitedStatesmadethedecisionafterconsultationsbetweenMrs.ClintonandMr.Netanyahu.Thetwohadhammeredouttheagreementona90-dayfreeze,whichMr.NetanyahulatersaidhecouldnotselltohiscabinetwithoutwrittensecurityassurancesfromtheAmericans.

Thoseassurances,whichincluded20F-35stealthairplanesandanAmericanpledgetovetoanti-IsraelresolutionsattheUnitedNations,wereneverdeliveredtotheIsraelis.Whilethatpackageisnowoffthetable,anofficialsaid,hereiteratedthattheUnitedStateswouldcontinuetoprotectIsrael’ssecurityandfighteffortstochallengeitslegitimacyininternationalorganizations.

Intheshortrun,analystssaidthefailureraisedquestionsaboutMr.Netanyahu’scapacitytonegotiateafinaldeal.

ButthePalestiniansalsoshiftedtheirposition,insistingthatasettlementfreezemustincludeEastJerusalemaswellastheWestBank.Israel’sinitial10-monthmoratoriumincludedonlytheWestBank.TheUnitedStatesneveraskedMr.NetanyahutoexpandittoJerusalem,andanalystssaidMr.Netanyahuwouldneverhavebeenabletopersuadehisright-wingcabinettogoalongwithit.

Therewerealsodeeplydivergentviewsaboutwhatthetwosideswoulddiscussduringthe90days,officialssaid.ThePalestinianswantedthetalkstofocustightlyonthebordersofafuturePalestinianstate.Mr.Netanyahuresistedthat,sayingthetwosidesmustdiscussthefullgamutofissuesratherthanjustborders.

Mr.ObamabegandirectnegotiationswithgreathooplainearlySeptember,butthetalksgroundtoahaltwithinweeksovertheissueofsettlements.Aftermeetingthreetimesinthatmonth,Mr.NetanyahuandthePalestinianAuthoritypresident,MahmoudAbbas,havenotsatdownsincethen.

1.Astar-crossedcampaignreferstoa(n)（）one.

2.Theadministration’snextmoveisaboutto（）.

3.WhichofthefollowingstatementisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?

4.Ashortreprievereferstoashort（）.

5.Whichofthefollowingservestobethebesttitleofthispassage?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.unhappy

B.confused

C.transient

D.shining

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.bendtothereality

B.vetoanti-IsraeliresolutionsattheUnitedNations

C.expandasettlementfreezetoJerusalem

D.hanginthebalance

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.ThewrittensecurityassurancesfromtheAmericanswereneverdeliveredtotheIsraelis.

B.Israel’sinitial10-monthmoratoriumincludedonlytheWestBank.

C.ThePalestinianswantedthetalkstofocustightlyontheborderofafuturePalestinianstate.

D.Mr.Netanyahuhammeredouttheagreementona90-dayfreezewithObama.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.respite

B.retraction

C.reproof

D.repository

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Mr.Obamabegandirectnegotiationswithgreathoopla.

B.U.S.dropsbidtoswayIsraelonsettlements.

C.TheIsraelisandPalestiniansareatcrossedpurposes.

D.TheMiddleEastpeacetalksareinflux.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】1.語義推測題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章第二段“Itisanothersetbackinwhathasprovedtobeastar-crossedcampaignbyPresidentObama.（這是奧巴馬總統(tǒng)短期嘗試中的又一次挫折。）”，star-crossed本意是時(shí)運(yùn)不濟(jì)的，倒霉的，但在文中提到美國政府在首次嘗試失敗后，想通過其他方法讓巴勒斯坦政府重新回到談判桌上。較之前奧巴馬政府已經(jīng)證實(shí)了的短期嘗試來說這又是一大阻礙。A選項(xiàng)“不快樂的；不幸福的；不適當(dāng)?shù)摹?；B選項(xiàng)“困惑的；混亂的；糊涂的”；C選項(xiàng)transient“短暫的；路過的”；D選項(xiàng)“光亮的；華麗的；杰出的”，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章第六段“Wisely,inmyview,theadministrationisbendingtoreality（在我看來，明智的做法是，政府正在向現(xiàn)實(shí)屈服）”。A選項(xiàng)“屈從于現(xiàn)實(shí)”正確；B選項(xiàng)“在聯(lián)合國否決反以色列決議”和C選項(xiàng)“擴(kuò)大對耶路撒冷定居點(diǎn)的凍結(jié)”以及D選項(xiàng)“懸而未決”都不符合題意，因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章第八段“Thoseassurances,whichincluded20F-35stealthairplanesandanAmericanpledgetovetoanti-IsraelresolutionsattheUnitedNations,wereneverdeliveredtotheIsraelis.（這些保證包括20架F-35隱形飛機(jī)，以及美國承諾在聯(lián)合國否決反以色列決議，但從未向以色列提供。）”和第十段“Israel’sinitial10-monthmoratoriumincludedonlytheWestBank.（以色列最初的10個(gè)月禁令只包括約旦河西岸。）”以及第七段“Thetwohadhammeredouttheagreementona90-dayfreeze（雙方敲定了為期90天的凍結(jié)協(xié)議）”，由此可知A選項(xiàng)“美國人的書面安全保證從未交給以色列人”；B選項(xiàng)“以色列最初的10個(gè)月禁令只包括約旦河西岸?！焙虳選項(xiàng)“內(nèi)塔尼亞胡與奧巴馬敲定了為期90天的凍結(jié)協(xié)議?！蔽闹卸加刑岬?，C選項(xiàng)“巴勒斯坦人希望談判集中討論未來巴勒斯坦國的邊界問題?！蔽恼轮袥]有提及，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

4.語義推測題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章第六段“Themostlikelyscenarioisthatthismoratoriumwasgoingtobuythemashortreprieve,andwasthengoingtoplungethemintothesamecrisistheywereinbefore.（最有可能的情況是該中止計(jì)劃僅為暫緩之計(jì)，之后他們將會再一次陷入與以前同樣的危機(jī)之中）”。A選項(xiàng)“緩解；暫緩；暫時(shí)的休息；緩期執(zhí)行”正確；B選項(xiàng)“撤回，撤銷；收回”和C選項(xiàng)“責(zé)備；譴責(zé)”以及D選項(xiàng)“貯藏室，倉庫；知識庫；智囊團(tuán)”均不符合題意，因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

5.主旨大意題。聯(lián)系原文可知該文章是一篇新聞報(bào)道，該類文本的主題句一般都在開頭或結(jié)尾。文章第一句說到“AfterthreeweeksoffruitlesshagglingwithPrimeMinisterBenjaminNetanyahu,theObamaadministrationhasgivenupitseffortstopersuadetheIsraeligovernmenttofreezeconstructionofJewishsettlementsfor90days（在與以色列總理內(nèi)塔尼亞胡討價(jià)還價(jià)三周無果后，奧巴馬政府已放棄說服以色列政府凍結(jié)猶太人定居點(diǎn)建設(shè)90天的努力）”，由此可知文章主要是在說奧巴馬政府放棄在定居點(diǎn)問題上左右以色列的努力。A選項(xiàng)“奧巴馬在大吹大擂中開始了直接談判”；C選項(xiàng)“以色列人和巴勒斯坦人在目的上有分歧”；D選項(xiàng)“中東和談?wù)诓粩嘧兓倍疾蝗鏐選項(xiàng)“美國放棄在定居點(diǎn)問題上左右以色列的努力”更能概括文章大意，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

15.單選題

NearlytwothousandyearshavepassedsinceacensusdecreedbyCaesarAugustusbecomepartofthegreateststoryevertold.Manythingshavechangedintheinterveningyears.Thehotelindustryworriesmoreaboutoverbuildingthanovercrowding,andiftheyhadtomeetanunexpectedinflux,fewinnswouldhaveamanagertoaccommodatethewearyguests.Nowitisthecensustakerthatdoesthetravelinginthefondhopethatahighlymobilepopulationwillstaylongenoughtogetagoodsampling.Methodsofgathering,recording,andevaluatinginformationhavepresumablybeenimprovedagreatdeal.AndwherethenitwasthemodestpurposeofRometoobtainasimpleheadcountasanadequatebasisforlevyingtaxes,nowbatteriesofcomplicatedstatisticalseriesfurnishedbygovernmentalagenciesandprivateorganizationsareeagerlyscannedandinterpretedbysagesandseerstogetacluetofutureevents.TheBibledoesnottellushowtheRomancensustakersmadeout,andasregardsourmoreimmediateconcern,thereliabilityofpresentdayeconomicforecasting,thereareconsiderabledifferencesofopinion.Theywereairedatthecelebrationofthe125thanniversaryoftheAmericanStatisticalAssociation.TherewasthethoughtthatbusinessforecastingmightWellbeonitswayfromanarttoascience,andsomespeakerstalkedaboutnewfangledcomputersandhigh-falutinmathematicalsystemintermsofexcitementandendearmentwhichwe,atleastinouryoungeryearswhenthesethingsmattered,wouldhaveassociatedmorereadilywiththedescriptionofafairmaiden.ButotherspointedtothedeplorablerecordofhighlyesteemedforecastsandforecasterswithabattingaveragebelowthatoftheMets,andthePresident-electoftheAssociationcautionedthat“highpoweredstatisticalmethodsareusuallyinorderwherethefactsarecrudeandinadequate,theexactcontraryofwhatcrudeandinadequatestatisticiansassume.”Welefthisbirthdaypartysomewherebetweenhopeanddespairandwiththeconviction,notreallynewlyacquired,thatproperstatisticalmethodsappliedtoascertainablefactshavetheirmeritsineconomicforecastingaslongasneitherforecasternorpublicisdeludedintomistakingthedelineationofprobabilitiesandtrendsforapredictionofcertaintiesofmathematicalexactitude.

43.TaxationinRomandaysapparentlywasbasedon______.

44.TheAmericanStatisticalAssociation______.

45.Themessagetheauthorwishesthereadertogetis______.

46The“greateststoryevertold”referredtointhepassageisthestoryof______.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.wealth

B.mobility

C.population

D.censustakers

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.isconvertingstatisticalstudyfromanarttoascience

B.hasanexcellentrecordinbusinessforecasting

C.isneitherhopefulnorpessimistic

D.speakswithmathematicalexactitude

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.statisticianshavenotadvancedsincethedaysoftheRoman

B.statisticsisnotasyetascience

C.statisticianslovetheirmachine

D.computerishopeful

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Christmas

B.TheMets

C.Moses

D.RomanCensusTakers

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:A

【解析】43.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“羅馬時(shí)代的稅收顯然是基于…