考研考博-英語(yǔ)-蘭州石化職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解

書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-蘭州石化職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Johnmade（）keysforthehouse:oneforhiswifeandoneforhimself.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.deviate

B.duplicate

C.dozen

D.deliberate

【答案】B

【解析】詞義辨析題。deviate偏離的；duplicate復(fù)制的；dozen一打；deliberate故意的。句意：約翰復(fù)制了兩把房子的鑰匙,

一把給妻子,

一把給自己。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

2.單選題

Viewingyouraccountbalancesanytimeyouwant,youcantransfermoneyaccountsatyourconvenience.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.to

B.between

C.from

D.with

【答案】B

【解析】考查介詞用法。A項(xiàng)to“向……”，B項(xiàng)between“在……之間”，C項(xiàng)from“從，來(lái)自……”，D項(xiàng)with“和……”；句意：任何時(shí)候您都可以查看您的賬戶余額，也可以方便的時(shí)候在賬戶間相互轉(zhuǎn)賬。transfer一般是指兩個(gè)事物之間的轉(zhuǎn)移，所以B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

3.單選題

Humble（

）itmaybe,there’snoplacelikehome,（

）hermaygo.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.like,when

B.as,wherever

C.although,where

D.which,wherever

【答案】B

【解析】考查狀語(yǔ)從句。as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句必須進(jìn)行倒裝，此處將表語(yǔ)humble提前；wherever意為“無(wú)論哪兒”，引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句。

句意：盡管家很簡(jiǎn)陋，但無(wú)論她去哪兒，沒(méi)有一個(gè)地方可以和家相提并論。

4.翻譯題

Directions:Forthispart,youaretotranslateapassagefromChineseintoEnglish.

中國(guó)的創(chuàng)新正以前所未有的速度蓬勃發(fā)展。為了在科學(xué)技術(shù)上盡快趕超世界發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家，中國(guó)近年來(lái)大幅度增加了研究開(kāi)發(fā)資金。中國(guó)的大學(xué)和研究所正在積極開(kāi)展創(chuàng)新研究，這些研究覆蓋了從大數(shù)據(jù)到生物化學(xué)，從新能源到機(jī)器人等各類高科技領(lǐng)域。他們還與各地的科技園合作，使創(chuàng)新成果商業(yè)化。與此同時(shí)，無(wú)論在產(chǎn)品還是商業(yè)模式上，中國(guó)企業(yè)家也在努力爭(zhēng)做創(chuàng)新的先鋒，以適應(yīng)國(guó)內(nèi)外消費(fèi)市場(chǎng)不斷變化和增長(zhǎng)的需求。

【答案】InnovationinChinaisboomingatanunprecedentedrate.Inordertocatchupwiththedevelopedcountriesinscienceandtechnologyassoonaspossible,Chinahasgreatlyincreaseditsresearchanddevelopmentfundinrecentyears.Theyarealsoworkingwithscienceandtechnologyparksaroundthecountrytocommercializetheirinnovations.Atthesametime,whetherinproductsorbusinessmodels,Chineseentrepreneursarestrivingtobepioneersininnovationtoadapttotheever-changingandgrowingneedsofdomesticandforeignconsumermarkets.

5.單選題

Radarisusedtoextendthe（

）ofman'ssensesforobservinghisenvironment,especiallythesenseofvision.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.validity

B.liability

C.capability

D.intensity

【答案】C

【解析】名詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)validity“有效性，正確性”；B選項(xiàng)liability“責(zé)任，可能性”；C選項(xiàng)capability“才能，能力”；D選項(xiàng)intensity“強(qiáng)度”。句意：雷達(dá)是用來(lái)擴(kuò)展人們觀察環(huán)境的感知能力，特別是視覺(jué)感知能力。選項(xiàng)C符合語(yǔ)境。

6.單選題

Iamwritingthisathomebecauselastweekmyergonomic(符合人體工程學(xué)的)chairattheofficefellapart,unableanylongertobearmyweight.Iamwritingitonacomputerthatisproppedontopoftwothickbooks,becauseotherwisemyneckwouldbecrickedasIpeeredatthescreen.At1.93mandweighing...well,I’mnotgoingtosaywhatIweigh,butthinksecond-rowrugbyunionforward...Iamnotbuiltforthisworld.WethereforewelcomeanewreportfromProfessorTimHattonattheUniversityofEssex,demonstratingthattheaverageheightofmeninEuropehasincreasedby4inchesinthepastcenturyandintheUKbyawhopping5inches.Asimilarincreaseislikelytohaveoccurredamongwomen:but,becausethestudyisbasedinpartonmilitaryrecords,evidenceisthinnerontheground.

Theproblem,asHattonobserves,isthattheworldhasn’tkeptpacewithourincreasedheight.Ilongagoabandonedbuses—leveringmyselfintoanarrowseatwasimpossible.Airtravelisalsochallenging.IwasinthebackrowofaneasyJetplanerecently,whichhasevenlessspacethananordinaryseat,andwouldhaveendedupwithaseverebackachehaditnotbeenforsomethoughtfulpassengernotturningup,allowingmetorelocatetoanaisleseatwheretheonlydangerisbeinghitbythetrolley.

Smallcarsareimpossible—Ihavetodrivewithmyheadthroughthesunroof.WestEndtheatersarehopelesslycramped.Asbeforeincricketgrounds:Iwouldundernocircumstancespay￡80foraplasticbucketseatataTestmatch,whereIwouldbewedgeduneasilybetweentwoloud,red-trouseredmerchantbankerssippingwarmchampagne.Asforthoseappallingpinebedswithfootboards,usuallyfoundinabsurdlysmallhotelroomswhereIinvariablygetstuckinthetoiletbecausethedoorwon’topenwithmeinside,theyshouldbebannedimmediately.

Ourextraheightgenerallymeansextraweight.USdatashowthatbaseballplayersareonaverage3inchestallerand2stonesheavierthantheywereacenturyago—andthesearethesuperfitguys.OtherdatasuggestordinaryAmericanshaveadded2.54cmand12.6kginthepast50yearsalone.Weareallgiantsnow—orwillbesoon.Asarepresentativeofthisnewbreed,Iwouldsayjustonething:bewaregardenfurniture.Itappearstobemadeforgnomes.Iroutinelyremovepleasant-lookingbutwhollyimpracticalcanechairs,andonce,whileinterviewingtheactressJennySeagrove,snappedthestringsofahammock-typechairinhergarden.Itisnoteasytogetyourintervieweetotakeyouseriouslyafteryourvastbulkhasbeenplungedsuddenlyontotheirmanicuredlawn.

1.Thebesttitleofthispassagemightbe（）.

2.WhatisthetoneofthewriterwhenheisdepictinghisrecenttravelinaneasyJetplane?

3.Accordingtothecontext,theword“gnomes”(Para.5)mightbe（）.

4.WhathappenedtothewriterwhilehewasinterviewingJennySeagrove?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.PoorQualityofChairs

B.TroublewithBeingTall

C.EmbarrassmentofBeingRejected

D.DifficultiesinTakingPlanesandBuses

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Angry.

B.Sarcastic.

C.Humorous.

D.Envious.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.peopleofvastbulk

B.peopleofsmallsizes

C.representativesofAmericans

D.representativesofbaseballplayers

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Hesuddenlyfelldownonthelawn.

B.Hepretendedtobeveryserious.

C.Hemadeafoolofhimselfonpurpose.

D.Hefailedtofinishhisinterview

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:B

第4題:A

【解析】第1題:1.結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要是作者描述自己個(gè)子高，身體重帶來(lái)的麻煩，選項(xiàng)A,C,D均為由此帶來(lái)的麻煩，選項(xiàng)B概括全面，所以作為標(biāo)題最恰當(dāng)。

2.根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“easyjetplane”定位到第二段后半部分，作者提到飛機(jī)上的座位空間比一般的座位要小,如果不是因?yàn)槟澄惑w貼的乘客沒(méi)有出現(xiàn)，使我可以坐在靠近過(guò)道的座位上，到下飛機(jī)的時(shí)候我可能會(huì)腰酸背痛,唯一的威脅就是會(huì)被手推車撞到。根據(jù)作者的描述可知，這是一種挖苦和嘲諷的語(yǔ)氣。選項(xiàng)B正確。

3.作者在上文提到“Weareallgiants...bewaregardenfurniture.”我們現(xiàn)在都是巨人——或者即將成為巨人。但是要注意一件事:當(dāng)心花園家具。說(shuō)明花園家具不適用于大塊頭的人，那么可以推測(cè)，“gnomes”指體型較小的人。選項(xiàng)B正確。

4.根據(jù)最后一段的最后一句“Itisnoteasytogetyourintervieweetotakeyouseriouslyafteryourvastbulkhasbeenplungedsuddenlyontotheirmanicuredlawn.”在你的巨大身軀突然摔倒在他們修剪整齊的草坪上之后，讓采訪者認(rèn)真對(duì)待你就不容易了。選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

第2題:

第3題:

第4題:

7.單選題

AttheUniversityofCaliforniaatLosAngeles(UCLA),astudentloadedhisclassnotesintoahandhelde-maildeviceandtriedtoreadthemduringanexam:aclassmateturnedhimin.AttheUniversityofNevadaatLasVegas(UNLV)studentsphotographedtestquestionswiththeircell-phonecamerasandtransmittedthemtoclassmates.Theuniversityputinplaceanewexamination-supervisionsystem.“Ifthey’dspendasmuchtimestudying,they’dallbeAstudents,”saysRonYasbin,deanoftheCollegeofSciencesofUNLV.

Withavarietyofelectronicdevices,Americanstudentsfinditeasiertocheat.Andcollegeofficialsfindthemselvesinanewgameofcatandmouse.Theyaretryingtofightwould-becheatsintheexamseasonbycuttingoffInternetaccessfromlaptops,demandingthesurrenderofcell-phonesbeforetestsorsimplyrequiringthatexamsbetakenwithpensandpaper.

“Itisannoying.Myhand-writingissobad.”saidRyanDapremont,21whojustfinishedhisthirdyearatPepperdineUniversityinCalifornia.Hehadtotakehisexamsonpaper.Dapremontsaidtechnologyhasmadecheatingeasier,butplagiarism(剽竊)inwritingpaperswasprobablythebiggestproblem.Studentscanliftotherpeople’swritingsofftheInternetwithoutattributingthem.

Still,somestudentssaidtheythoughtcheatingthesedayswasmoreaproductofthemindset,notthetoolsathand.“Somepeopleputtoomuchemphasisonwherethey’regoingtogointhefuture,andallthey’rethinkingaboutisgraduateschoolandthenextstep,”saidLindsayNicholas,athird-yearstudentatUCLA.Sheaddedthatpressuretosucceed“sometimescloudseverythingandmakespeopledothingsthattheyshouldn’tdo.”

Someprofessorssaidtheytriedtowriteexamsforwhichitwashardtocheat,posingquestionsthatoutsideresourceswouldnothelpanswer.Manyofficialssaidthattheyrelyoncampushonorcodes.Theysaidthemostimportantthingwastoteachstudentsnottocheatinthefirstplace.

1.OnestudentatUCLAwasfoundcheating（）.

2.AccordingtoRonYasbin,allthecheatingstudents（）.

3.Towinthenewgameofcatandmouseinexaminations,thecollegeofficialshaveto（）.

4.AccordingtoRyanDapremont,（）.

5.Whichofthefollowingisprobablythemostsignificantmeasuretofightcheating?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.whenhewasloadinghisclassnotesintoahandhelde-maildevicet

B.whenhewastryingtotelltheanswerstohisclassmatest

C.aftertheuniversityputinplaceanewexamination-supervisionsystemt

D.afterhisclassmatereportedhischeatingtotheauthorityt

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.shouldbeseverelypunishedfortheirdishonestyt

B.didn’thavemuchtimetostudybeforetheexamt

C.couldgetthehighestgradesiftheyhadstudiedhardenought

D.couldbeexcusedbecausetheywerenotfamiliarwiththenewsystemt

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.usemanyhigh-techdevicest

B.cutoffInternetaccessoncampust

C.turntotheoralexaminationformst

D.cutofftheuseofhigh-techdevicest

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.examinationstakenwithpensandpaperwereuselessinfightingcheatingt

B.hisexaminationpaperwasunder-gradedbecauseofhisbadhand-writingt

C.cheatingwasmoreseriousinwritingpapersthaninexaminationst

D.itwasmoredifficultforhimtoliftotherpeople’swritingsofftheInternett

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Puttinglessemphasisonwherethestudentsaregoingtogointhefuture.t

B.Lettingstudentsknowthathonestyismoreimportant.t

C.Writingexaminationsforwhichitishardtocheat.t

D.Settingupmorestrictcampushonorcodes.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】第1題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“加州大學(xué)洛杉磯分校的一名學(xué)生被發(fā)現(xiàn)作弊……”。第一段指出AttheUniversityofCaliforniaatLosAngeles(UCLA),astudentloadedhisclassnotesintoahandhelde-maildeviceandtriedtoreadthemduringanexam:aclassmateturnedhimin.（在加州大學(xué)洛杉磯分校(UCLA)，一名學(xué)生將他的課堂筆記加載到一個(gè)手持電子郵件設(shè)備中，并試圖在考試時(shí)閱讀它們：一個(gè)同學(xué)告發(fā)了他），由此可知D項(xiàng)“在他的同學(xué)向當(dāng)局報(bào)告了他的作弊行為后”正確。A項(xiàng)“當(dāng)他把他的課堂筆記載入一個(gè)手持電子郵件設(shè)備時(shí)”，這是作弊的方法；B項(xiàng)“當(dāng)他試圖把答案告訴他的同學(xué)時(shí)”，內(nèi)容與原文不符；C項(xiàng)“在學(xué)校實(shí)行了新的考試監(jiān)督制度后”，第一段提到AttheUniversityofNevadaatLasVegas(UNLV)studentsphotographedtestquestions…putinplaceanewexamination-supervisionsystem.（在拉斯維加斯的內(nèi)華達(dá)大學(xué)(UNLV)，學(xué)生們用手機(jī)攝像頭拍攝試題……實(shí)行了新的考試監(jiān)督制度），由此可知實(shí)行新的考試監(jiān)督制度是內(nèi)華達(dá)大學(xué)，而不是加州大學(xué)，C項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。因此，該題選擇D項(xiàng)正確。

第2題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“據(jù)羅恩雅斯賓說(shuō)，所有作弊的學(xué)生……”。第一段最后一句雅斯賓提到了Ifthey’dspendasmuchtimestudying,they’dallbeAstudents（如果他們花同樣多的時(shí)間學(xué)習(xí)，他們都能成為優(yōu)等生），由此可知C項(xiàng)“如果他們學(xué)習(xí)足夠努力，他們能得最高分”符合題意。A項(xiàng)“他們的不誠(chéng)實(shí)應(yīng)該受到嚴(yán)厲的懲罰”、B項(xiàng)“考試前沒(méi)有太多時(shí)間學(xué)習(xí)”和D項(xiàng)“因?yàn)樗麄儾皇煜ば孪到y(tǒng)所以可以被原諒”在文中雅斯賓都沒(méi)有提到過(guò)。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

第3題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“為了在新的考試中贏得貓和老鼠的游戲，大學(xué)管理者們必須……”。根據(jù)第二段第三句Theyaretryingtofightwould-becheatsintheexamseasonbycuttingoffInternetaccessfromlaptops,demandingthesurrenderofcell-phonesbeforetestsorsimplyrequiringthatexamsbetakenwithpensandpaper.（為了打擊考試季的作弊行為，他們切斷了筆記本電腦的網(wǎng)絡(luò)連接，要求考生在考試前交出手機(jī)，或者干脆要求考生用紙筆考試）可知，D項(xiàng)“停止使用高科技設(shè)備”正確；A項(xiàng)“多使用高科技設(shè)備”和C項(xiàng)“變?yōu)榭谠囆问健眱?nèi)容與原文相反；B項(xiàng)“切斷校園內(nèi)的網(wǎng)絡(luò)”，原文提到的是切斷筆記本的網(wǎng)絡(luò)連接，不是校園網(wǎng)絡(luò)，B項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。因此，該題選擇D項(xiàng)正確。

第4題:細(xì)節(jié)推理題。題干意思是“RyanDapremont表示……”。根據(jù)題干定位到第三段，Dapremontsaidtechnologyhasmadecheatingeasier,butplagiarisminwritingpaperswasprobablythebiggestproblem.Studentscanliftotherpeople’swritingsofftheInternetwithoutattributingthem.（Dapremont說(shuō)，技術(shù)讓作弊變得更容易，但寫論文時(shí)的剽竊可能是最大的問(wèn)題；學(xué)生們可以從互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上抄襲別人的作品，而不用注明出處），由此可推斷，論文作弊比考試作弊更嚴(yán)重，因此C項(xiàng)“寫作作弊比考試作弊更嚴(yán)重”正確。A項(xiàng)“紙筆考試對(duì)于打擊作弊毫無(wú)用處”，文章只提及技術(shù)讓作弊更加容易，A項(xiàng)斷章取義；B項(xiàng)“由于他的字寫得很差，他的試卷評(píng)了低分”文中沒(méi)有提到他由于字寫得差而打了低分；D項(xiàng)“對(duì)他來(lái)說(shuō)，從互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上摘抄別人的作品就更難了”，內(nèi)容與原文相反。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

第5題:細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。題干意思是“下面哪個(gè)可能是打擊作弊最重要的措施？”。文章最后一句提到Theysaidthemostimportantthingwastoteachstudentsnottocheatinthefirstplace.（他們說(shuō)最重要的事情是首先要教學(xué)生不要作弊），由此可知，打擊作弊最重要的措施是給學(xué)生建立誠(chéng)實(shí)的考試原則，所以B項(xiàng)“讓學(xué)生知道誠(chéng)實(shí)更重要”符合題意。A項(xiàng)“不太重視學(xué)生將來(lái)的去向”，這不屬于措施；C項(xiàng)“很難作弊的寫作考試”和D項(xiàng)“建立更嚴(yán)格的校園榮譽(yù)守則”是具體的方法，與題干不符。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。

8.單選題

Letchildrenlearntojudgetheirownwork.Achildlearningtotalkdoesnotlearnbybeingcorrectedallthetimeifcorrectedtoomuch,hewillstoptalking.Henoticesathousandtimesadaythedifferencebetweenthelanguageheusesandthelanguagethosearoundhimuse.Bitbybit,hemakesthenecessarychangestomakehislanguagelikeotherpeople’s.Inthesameway,whenchildrenlearntodoalltheotherthingstheylearntodowithoutbeingtaughttowalk,run,climb,whistle,rideabicycle—comparethoseperformanceswiththoseofmoreskilledpeople,andslowlymaketheneededchanges.Butinschoolwenevergiveachildachancetofindouthisownmistakesforhimself,letalonecorrectthem.Wedoitallforhim.Weactasifwethoughtthathewouldnevernoticeamistakeunlessitwaspointedouttohimorcorrectitunlesshewasmadeto.Soonhebecomesdependentontheteacher.Lethimdoithimself.Lethimworkout,withthehelpofotherchildrenifhewantsit,whatthiswordsays,whatansweristothatproblem,whetherthisisagoodwayofsayingordoingthisornot.

Ifitisamatterofrightanswers,asitmaybeinmathematicsorscience,givehimtheanswerbook.Lethimcorrecthisownpapers.Whyshouldweteacherswastetimeonsuchroutinework?Ourjobshouldbetohelpthechildwhenhetellsusthathecan’tfindthewaytogettherightanswer.Let'sendthisnonsenseofgrades,exams,marks.Letusthrowthemallout,andletthechildrenlearnwhatalleducatedpersonsmustsomedaylearn,howtomeasuretheirownunderstanding,howtoknowwhattheyknowordonotknow.

Letthemgetonwiththisjobinthewaythatseemsmostsensibletothem,withourhelpasschoolteachersiftheyaskforit.Theideathatthereisabodyofknowledgetobelearntatschoolandusedfortherestofone’slifeisnonsenseinaworldascomplicatedandrapidlychangingasours.Anxiousparentsandteacherssay,"Butsupposetheyfailtolearnsomethingessentialsomethingtheywillneedtogetintheworld?Don'tworry!Ifitisessentialtheywillgooutintotheworldandlearnit.

1.Whatdoestheauthorthinkisthebestwayforchildrentolearnthings?

2.Thepassagesuggeststhatlearningtospeakandlearningtorideabicycleare（

）.

3.Accordingtothepassage,theauthorthinksteachersinschoolshould

（

）.

4.Theauthorbelievestheteachersroleinchildren’slearningshouldbe

（

）.

5.Thetitleofthispassagecouldprobablybe（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Byimitatingwhatotherpeopledo.

B.Bymakingmistakesandhavingthemcorrected.

C.Bylisteningtoexplanationsfromskilledpeople.

D.Byaskingagreatmanyquestions.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.notreallyimportantskills

B.moreimportantthanotherskills

C.basicallythesameaslearningotherskills

D.basicallydifferentfromlearningadultskills

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.allowchildrentolearnbyhimselforherself

B.pointoutchildren’smistakeswheneverthey'refound

C.correctchildren’smistakesassoonaspossible

D.givechildrenmorebookknowledge

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.theidentifierandcorrectoroftheirerrors

B.theirhelperandguide

C.thepersontogradetheirperformanceandgivefeedbacks

D.thepersontopassonsomethingessentialtothem

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.LetTeachersStopWork

B.LetUsMakeChildrenLearn

C.LetChildrenCorrectTheirOwnPapers

D.LetChildrenLearnbyThemselves

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】第1題:推理判斷題。由文章第一段中Henoticesathousandtimesadaythedifferencebetweenthelanguageheusesandthelanguagethosearoundheinuse.Bitbybit,hemakesthenecessarychangestomakehislanguagelikeotherpeople’s.（他每天都注意到他所使用的語(yǔ)言和他周圍的使用的語(yǔ)言之間的差異。一點(diǎn)一點(diǎn)地，他做了必要的改變，使他的語(yǔ)言像其他人的一樣）可知作者認(rèn)為孩子可以通過(guò)模仿他人學(xué)習(xí)東西，因此選A。

第2題:事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。由文章第一段中Inthesameway（以同樣的方式）,whenchildrenlearntodoalltheotherthingstheylearntodowithoutbeingtaughttowalk,run,climb,whistle,rideabicycle可知選C。

第3題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第一段中Lethimdoithimself.Lethimworkout,withthehelpofotherchildrenifhewantsit,whatthiswordsays,whatansweristothatproblem,whetherthisisagoodwayofsayingordoingthisornot.可知作者認(rèn)為教師應(yīng)該允許孩子自己學(xué)習(xí)，因此選A。

第4題:推理判斷題。由文章第二段中Ourjobshouldbetohelpthechildwhenhetellsusthathecan’tfindthewaytogettherightanswer.（當(dāng)孩子告訴我們他找不到正確答案的時(shí)候，我們的工作應(yīng)該是幫助他）可推測(cè)教師的角色應(yīng)該是學(xué)生的幫助者與指導(dǎo)者。

第5題:主旨大意題。文章主要講述了學(xué)生應(yīng)該自己學(xué)習(xí)，而不是被糾正與灌輸式的學(xué)習(xí)，教師起幫助與指導(dǎo)的作用，因此選D。

9.單選題

___,Mr.Wellsisscarcelyinsympathywiththeworkingclass.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Althoughheisasocialist

B.Evenifheisasocialist

C.Beingasocialist

D.Sinceheisasocialist

【答案】A

【解析】考查邏輯關(guān)系。A選項(xiàng)Althoughheisasocialist“雖然他是一個(gè)社會(huì)主義者”；B選項(xiàng)Evenifheisasocialist“即使他是一個(gè)社會(huì)主義者”；C選項(xiàng)Beingasocialist“作為一個(gè)社會(huì)主義”；D選項(xiàng)Sinceheisasocialist“因?yàn)樗且粋€(gè)社會(huì)主義者”。句意：___，威爾斯先生幾乎不同情工人階級(jí)。本句表達(dá)“雖然他是一個(gè)社會(huì)主義者，但是他不同情工人階級(jí)”，因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

10.單選題

Astatelessyoungmanmayhavefeltintimidatedafterhavingbeendeniedasylumandnightofresidencebymanycountries.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.unsafe

B.initiated

C.intrigued

D.credulous

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.unsafe不安全的；危險(xiǎn)的B.initiated使開(kāi)始；發(fā)起

C.intrigued很感興趣的；著迷的D.credulous輕信的；易受騙的

【考查點(diǎn)】形容詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)關(guān)鍵信息afterhavingbeendeniedasylumandnightofresidencebymanycountries（在被許多國(guó)家拒絕庇護(hù)和夜間居住后）可知，feltintimidated表示的是“感覺(jué)到害怕”，intimidated表示的是“害怕”的意思，A項(xiàng)詞義與之相近，故該題選擇A項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】B、C、D項(xiàng)詞義不符合句中所選詞匯。

【句意】一個(gè)無(wú)國(guó)籍的年輕人在被許多國(guó)家拒絕庇護(hù)和夜間居住后可能會(huì)感到害怕。

11.單選題

Incalculatingthedailycalorierequirementsforanindividual,variationsinbodysize,physicalactivityandageshouldbe（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.broughtintopractice

B.takenintoaccount

C.thrownlighton

D.lookeddownupon

【答案】B

【解析】bringintopractice實(shí)行；takeintoaccount考慮；throwlighton照亮，闡明，使……顯得清楚；lookdownupon看不起。句意：在計(jì)算個(gè)人每日所需熱量時(shí)，應(yīng)考慮到體型、體力活動(dòng)和年齡的變化。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

12.單選題

TheartofpublicspeakingbeganinancientGreeceover2,000yearsago.Nowtwitter,instantmessaging,e-mail,blogsandchatforumsofferrivalapproachestocommunication—butnonecanreplacetheroleofagreatspeech.

Thespokenwordcanhandlevariousvitalfunctions:persuadingorinspiring,informing,payingtribute,entertaining,orsimplyintroducingsomeoneorsomethingoracceptingsomething.

Overthepastyear,thehumanvoicehashelpedguideusovertheupsanddownsorwhatwascertainlyastormytime.

Persuasionisusedindealingwithorreconcilingdifferentpointsofview.WhentheleadersmetinCopenhageninDecember2009,persuasivewordsfromactivistsencouragedthemtocommitthemselvestofirmeraction.

Inspirationalspeechesconfronttheemotions.Theyfocusontopicsandmattersthatareclosetopeople’shearts.Duringwars,generalsusedinspiringspeechestopreparethetroopsforbattle.

Aspeechthatconveysknowledgeandenhancesunderstandingcaninformus.Theinformationmustbeclear,accurate,andexpressedinameaningfulandinterestingway.WhentheH1N1pandemicwasannounced,theideaof“swineflu”scaredmanypeople.InformativespeechesfromWordsHealthOrganizationofficialshelpedpeopletokeeptheirpanicunder?

controlsotheycouldtakesensibleprecautions.

Sadeventsarenevereasytodealwithbutaspeechthatpaystributetothelossofalovedoneandgivespraisefortheircontributioncanbecomforting.Madonna’sspeechaboutMichaelJackson,afterhisdeath,heightedthefactthathewillcontinuetoliveonthroughhismusic.

It’snotonlyinworldforumswherepublicspeakingplaysanimportantrole.Itcanalsobesurprisinglyhelpfulinthecourseofourownlives.

Ifyou’retakingpartinadebateyouneedtopersuadethelistenersofthesoundnessofyourargument.Insports,athletesknowtheimportanceofapeptalk（鼓舞士氣的講話）beforeamatchtoinspireteammates.Youyourselfmaybeaskedtodoapresentationatcollegeorworktoinformtheothersaboutanareaofvitalimportance.

Onamorepersonallevel,afriendmaybeupsetandneedcomforting.Oryoumightbeaskedtointroduceaspeakeratafamilyeventortospeakatawedding,whereyoulanguagewillbeneededtomovepeopleormakethemlaugh.

Greatspeakingabilityisnotsomethingwe’rebornwith.EvenBarackObamaworkshardtoperfecteveryspeech.Forabrilliantspeech,therearerulesthatyoucanputtogooduse.Tolearnthoserulesyouhavetopracticeandlearnfromsomeoutstandingspeechesinthepast.

1.Theauthorthinksthespokenwordisstillirreplaceablebecause（

）.

2.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisINCORRECTabouttheroleofpublicspeaking?

3.PublicspeakingcanplayallthefollowingrolesEXCEPT（

）.

4.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingbestexplainstheauthor’sviewon“greatspeakingability”？

5.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.ithasalwaysbeenusedtoinspireorpersuadepeople.

B.ithasabigroletoplayintheentertainmentbusiness

C.itplaysimportantrolesinhumancommunication

D.itisofgreatuseineveryday-lifecontext

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Speechesatworldforumscanleadtoeffectivesolutionstoworldproblems

B.Speechesfrommedicalauthoritiescancalmpeopledownintimesofpandemics

C.Themoraleofsoldiersbeforeabattlecanbeboostedbyseniorofficers’speeches

D.Speechespayingtributetothedeadcancomfortthemourners.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.toconvincepeopleinadebate

B.informpeopleatapresentation

C.toadvisepeopleatwork

D.toentertainpeopleatawedding

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Itcomesfromobservingrules.

B.Itcanbeperfectedwitheasyeffort

C.Itcanbeacquiredfrombirth.

D.Itcomesfromlearningandpractice.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Publicspeakingininternationalforums.

B.Theymanyusesofpublicspeaking

C.Publicspeakingindailylifecontext.

D.Therulesofpublicspeaking

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:B

【解析】1.文章第二段提到演講的功能：說(shuō)服、啟發(fā)、通知、致敬、娛樂(lè)等等，而這些是其他手段無(wú)法替代的，選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

2.文章第八段提到這不僅僅是在世界論壇的公開(kāi)演講中扮演著重要角色（It’snotonlyinworldforumswherepublicspeakingplaysanimportantrole），選項(xiàng)A“世界論壇上的演講可以為世界性問(wèn)題提供有效方案”表述不正確，符合題意。

3.文章第二段提到了演講詞的各種功能，比如說(shuō)服或啟發(fā)，通知、致敬、娛樂(lè)等，或者只是介紹某人某事或接受某事。選項(xiàng)C“在工作中給人建議”不是演講的功能，符合題意。

4.文章最后一段Tolearnthoserulesyouhavetopracticeandlearnfromsomeoutstandingspeechesinthepast提到為了精彩的演講，有一些規(guī)則可以很好的利用，必須學(xué)習(xí)并且練習(xí)以前的演講。選項(xiàng)D符合題意，“精彩的演講來(lái)源于練習(xí)和學(xué)習(xí)”

5.文章開(kāi)頭提及推特、博客、郵件這些交流方式，但是這些都無(wú)法取代演講這個(gè)話題（Nowtwitter,instantmessaging,e-mail,blogsandchatforumsofferrivalapproachestocommunicationbutnonecanreplacetheroleofagreatspeech）。接著介紹了演講的作用，比如說(shuō)服或啟發(fā)、通知、致敬、娛樂(lè)等。最后提到演說(shuō)能力不是天生的，而是需要通過(guò)不斷學(xué)習(xí)和練習(xí)才得到的。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

13.單選題

Themembersofthebranchwereindignantthatgovernmenthadplantedtwospiesamongthem.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.irate

B.indifferent

C.insensible

D.inspired

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)irate“生氣的；發(fā)怒的”；B選項(xiàng)indifferent“冷淡的；不關(guān)心的；中等的”；C選項(xiàng)insensible“昏迷的；無(wú)知覺(jué)的；麻木不仁的”；D選項(xiàng)inspired“品質(zhì)優(yōu)秀的；能力卓越的；借助于靈感創(chuàng)作的”。句意：支部的成員對(duì)政府在他們中間安插了兩名間諜感到憤怒。結(jié)合此處關(guān)鍵短語(yǔ)plantedtwospiesamongthem“安插了兩名間諜”，可推測(cè)支部的成員會(huì)對(duì)此十分氣憤，得知A選項(xiàng)正確。

14.單選題

ThecorporationIheadtookadeepbreathofcleanairlastweekandwentcoldturkey.Smokingonthejobinthehomeofficewasabsolutelyforbidden.Nowweprovideasmokefreeworkingenvironment.Why?

Anythingthatkills350,000Americanseachyeardeservesdecisiveaction,andallthebrawnycowpokesandtawny-hairedsirenscannotblowenoughadvertisingsmoketoobscurethefactthatoneoutofeverysevendeathsinthiscountryislinkedtosmoking.Thecostsrelatedtoitarealsosappingoureconomy.Onerecentreportestimatesthatsmokersutilizethehealth-caresystematleast50percentmorethannonsmokers;theywaste30minuteseachworkdayfumblingwithmatchesandlighters,suckingseductivepoisons.

Still,abancancreateseriouspersonnelproblems.Since25percentofouremployeessmoke,weareofferingthemon-the-jobsmoking-cessationclassesandcounseling.OurmedicalofficeprovidesNicorettes,asugarlesschewinggumformulatedtoeasethephysicalwithdrawalfromnicotine.Mostofour3,000home-office,employeessupportournewpolicy,smokersandnonsmokersalike,butthereisaquerulousminoritythataskswhyweare“discriminatingagainstsmokers.”Wearenot.Ourpolicyaffectsallemployees.Smokersarenotaprotectedclass.Nomatterwhattheirrace,color,religion,sexornationalorigin,theycannotsmokeatwork.

Wearenottryingtodictatepersonallifestyles.Weencourageouremployeestoquitsmokingaltogether,buttheycannotsmokeonthejob.Wesimplycannotaffordtheirhabit.Accordingtoacongressionalstudy,thecosttotheeconomyaverages$65billionannuallyinincreasedmedicalbills,prematuredeathandtimelostfromwork.Andasamajorparticipantinthefieldofhealth-carefinancing,wehaveanobligationtoprovethat,ifproperlyconceived,asmoke-freeworkingenvironmentisattainable.Thisisn’tacrusade.Thisisabusinessdecision.

1.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingistrue?

2.Whichofthefollowingcouldbeinferredfromthepassage?

3.Thepurposeofthisarticleis______.

4.Whichofthefollowingisnotusedbytheauthorasjustificationforregulatingtobaccosmokingonthejob?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Thesmokingemployees,onthewhole,feltuncomfortableaboutthecorporation’srulesthatpermittednosmokingintheworkplace.

B.Thebanoncigarettesmokingwasintroducedatthecompanygraduallyandconditionally.

C.Smokerswereconsideredaquerulousminorityatthemainofficeofthefirm.

D.Smokingwasbannedatthefirm’sheadquartersabruptlyandcompletely.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Cigaretteadvertisinggenerallymakesuseoftheappealofseductiveimages.

B.Cigaretteadvertisingtendstoremindpeopleoftherelationshipbetweensmokingandagoodlife.

C.Cigaretteadvertising,asarule,isdesignedtomisleadnonsmokers.

D.Mostcigaretteadvertisingistargetedatstrongandattractivemenandwomen.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.tocriticizethehabitofcigarettesmokingasahealthhazard

B.toemphasizetheattainabilityofasmokefreeworkingenvironment

C.todefendthepracticeofcontrollingsmokingintheworkplace

D.topresentanargumentformakingsmokingasolelyjob-relatedissue

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Theassumptionthatsmokers,duetotheirtime-consuminghabit,arenotasefficientatworkasnonsmokers.

B.Thenotionthattobaccosmokingseriouslycontaminatestheworkingenvironment.

C.Smoking-relatedhealthproblemsthatcauseprematuredeaths.

D.Thefactthatthenationaleconomyisweakenedbysmoking-relatedcosts.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:B

【解析】1.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干意思是“根據(jù)文章，下列哪一項(xiàng)是正確的？”。文章第一段指出ThecorporationIheadtookadeepbreathofcleanairlastweekandwentcoldturkey.Smokingonthejobinthehomeofficewasabsolutelyforbidden.（我負(fù)責(zé)的公司在上周深吸了一口新鮮空氣，然后就徹底戒掉了吸煙壞習(xí)慣。在家庭辦公室里工作，吸煙是完全禁止的。），根據(jù)wentcoldturkey（快速戒掉壞習(xí)慣）這個(gè)詞語(yǔ)，可以推斷出公司是突然禁止吸煙，故D項(xiàng)“公司總部突然全面禁止吸煙”正確，由此也可知B項(xiàng)“該公司逐步、有條件地實(shí)行了禁煙令”錯(cuò)誤；根據(jù)第三段中的Mostofour3,000home-office,employeessupportournewpolicy,smokersandnonsmokersalike,butthereisaquerulousminoritythataskswhyweare“discriminatingagainstsmokers.”（在我們的3000名家庭辦公室員工中，大多數(shù)人支持我們的新政策，吸煙者和不吸煙者都是一樣的，但有少數(shù)人抱怨說(shuō)，我們?yōu)槭裁匆捌缫曃鼰熣摺?。）可知，關(guān)于公司的禁煙令，包括吸煙者和不吸煙者在內(nèi)，大部分的員工是支持的，只有少數(shù)人有抱怨，這其中可能有吸煙者可能也有不吸煙者