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書山有路勤為徑,學(xué)海無涯苦作舟!住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-天津音樂學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解(圖片大小可自由調(diào)整)全文為Word可編輯,若為PDF皆為盜版,請謹(jǐn)慎購買!第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共100題)1.單選題
RobertSpring,a19thcenturyforger,wassogoodathisprofessionthathewasabletomakehislivingfor15yearsbysellingfalsesignaturesoffamousAmericans.SpringwasborninEnglandin1813andarrivedinPhiladelphiain1858toopenabookstore.AtfirstheprospectedbysellinghissmallbutgenuinecollectionofearlyUSautographs.Discoveringhisabilityatcopyinghandwriting,hebeganimitatingsignaturesofGeorgeWashingtonandBenFranklinandwritingthemonthetitlepagesofoldbooks.Tolessenthechanceofdetection,hesenthisforgeriestoEnglandandCanadaforsaleandcirculation.
Forgershaveahardtimesellingtheirproducts.Aforgercan'tapproacharespectablebuyerbutmustdealwithpeoplewhodon'thavemuchknowledgeinthefield.Forgershavemanywaystomaketheirworklookreal.Forexample,theybuyoldbookstousetheagedpaperofthetitlepage,andtheycantreatpaperandinkwithchemicals.
Inspring'stime,rightaftertheCivilWar.BritainwasstillfondoftheSouthernstates,soSpringinventedarespectablemaidenladyknownasMissFannyJackson,theonlydaughterofGeneral“Stonewall”Jackson.ForseveralyearsMissFanny'sfinancialproblemsforcedhertosellagreatnumberoflettersandmanuscriptsbelongingtoherfamousfather.Springhadtoworkveryhardtosatisfythedemand.AllthisactivitydidnotpreventSpringfromdyinginpoverty,leavingsharp-eyedexpertsthedifficulttaskofseparatinghisforgeriesformtheoriginals.
1.WhydidSpringsellhisfalseautographsinEnglandandCanada?
2.AftertheCivilWartherewasagreatdemandinBritainfor().
3.RobertSpringspent15years().
4.WhowasMissFannyJackson?
5.HowdidRobertSpringstarttosellforgeries?
6.AllofthefollowingarewaysaforgerusesEXCEPT().
7.WecaninferthatGeneral“StonewallJackson”was().
8.Wecaninferthatsharp-eyedexpertsarethosewho().
問題1選項
A.TherewasagreaterdemandtherethaninAmerican.
B.Therewaslesschanceofbeingdetectedthere.
C.BritainwasSpring'sbirthplace.
D.ThepriceswerehigherinEnglandandCanada.
問題2選項
A.southernmoney
B.signatureofGeorgeWashingtonandBenFranklin
C.southernmanuscriptsandletters
D.CivilWarbattleplans
問題3選項
A.runningabookstoreinPhiladelphia
B.correspondingwithMissFannyJackson
C.asaforger
D.asrespectabledealer
問題4選項
A.TheonlydaughterofGeneral“Stonewall”Jackson.
B.Alittleknowngirlwhosoldherfather'spapertoRobertSpring.
C.RobertSpring'sdaughter.
D.AnimaginarypersoncreatedbySpring
問題5選項
A.Hediscoveredthathehadtheabilityofcopyinghandwriting.
B.Hewasalmostdyinginpoverty.
C.ThecollectionofearlyUSautographswasallsoldout.
D.Hewastryingtomakealiving.
問題6選項
A.Buyingoldbookstousetheagedpaperofthetitlepage
B.treatingpaperwithchemicals
C.treatinginkwithchemicals
D.addingnewpaperintotheoldbooks
問題7選項
A.arealperson
B.animaginaryperson
C.anunknownperson
D.notageneralatall
問題8選項
A.havegoodeyesighttoreadbooks
B.arehighlyskilledatdistinguishingtheforgeriesandtheoriginals
C.haveakeeninsightintounderstandingworldaffairs
D.canseefarintothedistance
【答案】第1題:B
第2題:C
第3題:C
第4題:D
第5題:A
第6題:D
第7題:A
第8題:B
【解析】1.根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“EnglandandCanada”定位到第一段最后一句“Tolessenthechanceofdetection,hesenthisforgeriestoEnglandandCanadaforsaleandcirculation.”Spring將贗品送到英國和加拿大售賣是因為被查到的機(jī)會更小,選項B符合原文。
2.根據(jù)第三段的內(nèi)容可知,美國內(nèi)戰(zhàn)之后,英國人依然對南部各州情有獨鐘。于是Spring虛構(gòu)出Jackson將軍的獨生女,因貧困賣掉大量屬于她著名父親的信件和手稿。所以選項C符合原文。
3.根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“15years”定位到第一段第一句“RobertSpring,a19thcenturyforger,wassogoodathisprofessionthathewasabletomakehislivingfor15yearsbysellingfalsesignaturesoffamousAmericans.”19世紀(jì)的偽造者RobertSpring非常擅長自己的職業(yè),他靠出售美國名人的假簽名謀生15年。所以選項C正確。
4.根據(jù)第三段的內(nèi)容以及關(guān)鍵詞“invented”可知,FannyJackson只是Spring虛構(gòu)出來的一個人物,目的是為了售賣他造假的Jackson將軍的手稿和信件,所以選項D正確。
5.根據(jù)第一段倒數(shù)第二句“Discoveringhisabilityatcopyinghandwriting,hebeganimitatingsignaturesofGeorgeWashingtonandBenFranklinandwritingthemonthetitlepagesofoldbooks.”當(dāng)他發(fā)現(xiàn)自己有抄寫筆跡的能力,于是開始模仿喬治?華盛頓和本?富蘭克林的簽名,并把它們寫在舊書的扉頁上。選項A符合原文。
6.根據(jù)第二段的最后兩句可知“theybuyoldbookstousetheagedpaperofthetitlepage,andtheycantreatpaperandinkwithchemicals.”他們買舊書來使用扉頁的舊紙,他們可以用化學(xué)物質(zhì)處理紙張和墨水。只有選項D沒有提及。
7.根據(jù)第三段的內(nèi)容可知,雖然FannyJackson是Spring虛構(gòu)的人物,但“石墻”將軍這個人是真實存在的,因為Spring所造假的手稿和信件是這位將軍的,所以選項A正確。
8.根據(jù)最后一段最后一句“...leavingsharp-eyedexpertsthedifficulttaskofseparatinghisforgeriesformtheoriginals.”留給目光敏銳的專家們一項艱巨的任務(wù):將他(Spring)的贗品與真品分開。選項B符合原文。
2.單選題
Aftersomanyweekswithoutrain,thegroundquickly()thelittlerainthatfellyesterday.
問題1選項
A.absorbed
B.drained
C.digested
D.soaked
【答案】A
【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。A選項absorb“吸收;使……全神貫注”;B選項drain“耗盡;使流出”;C選項digest“消化;融會貫通”;D選項soak“使浸泡,使浸漬”。句意:在許多個星期無雨后,地面很快地吸收了昨天下的小雨。結(jié)合句意,A選項正確。
3.單選題
Hollywoodhasalwaysbeenaninternationalbusiness,butitisbecomingdramaticallymoreso.Inthepastdecadetotalbox-officespendinghasrisenbyaboutone-thirdinNorthAmericawhilemorethandoublingelsewhere.ThankstoHarryPoller,SherlockHolmesand“Inception”,WarnerBrosmade$2.93billionoutsideNorthAmericalastyear,smashingthestudio’spreviousrecordof$2.24billion.FallingDVDsalesinAmerica,byfartheworld’sbiggesthome-entertainmentmarket,meanHollywoodisevenmoredependentonforeignpunters.
Thegrowthoftheinternationalboxofficeispartlyaresultofthedollar'sweakness.Itwasalsohelpedby“Avatar”,andeco-fantasythatmadeastartling$2billionoutsideNorthAmerica.Butthreethingsareparticularlyimportant:acinemaboomintheemergingworld,aconcertedeffortbythemajorstudiostomakefilmsthatmightplaywelloutsideAmericaandaglobalmarketingpushtomakesuretheydo.
Russia,withitsshrinkingteenagepopulation,isanunlikelyspotforabox-officeboom.Yetcinema-buildingisproceedingapace,andsupplyliascreateddemand.Lastyear160mcinematicketsweresoldinRussia—thefirsttimeinrecentyearsthatsaleshaveexceededthecountry’spopulation.Ticketpriceshaverisen,inpartbecausethenewcinemasaresuperior,withdigitalprojectorsthatcanshow3Dfilms.
Growingfearsofpiracyhaveledstudiostoreleasefilmsalmostsimultaneouslyinmanycountries;increasingly,thepremieretakesplaceoutsideAmerica.Thatchangesthemarketinggame,saysMichaelLynton,headofSonyPictures.StudiosusedtorelyonrumorsofAmericansuccessseepingoutofthecountry,primingaudienceselsewheretoseeafilm.Nowtheymustconductcoordinatedglobalcampaigns.Starsaregatheredfortwo-week-longmarketingblitzes(突襲)thatmaytakethemtotencountries--“l(fā)ikeapoliticalcampaign”,saysMr.Lynton.
ThesuccessofafilmoutsideAmericaisnotpurelyamarketingmatter.Asforeignbox-officesaleshavebecomemoreimportant,thepeoplewhomanageinternationaldistributionhavebecomemoreinfluential,weighinginon“green-light”decisionsaboutwhichfilmsaremade.Thestudiosarecarefultoseedfilmswithactors,locationsand,occasionally,languagesthatarewell-knownintargetcountries.
1.TheauthorofthepassageusesHarryPotterinthefirstparagraphto().
2.Accordingtothesecondparagraph,thefollowingaretheelementscontributingtothesuccessof“Avatar”EXCEPT().
3.Thesentence“supplyhascreateddemand”inthethirdparagraphcanbestbeexplainedbythefactthat().
4.Whatcanbeinferredfromthefourthparagraph?
5.Accordingtothepassage,thesuccessofafilmoutsideAmericacanbedeterminedbyallthefollowingelementsEXCEPT().
問題1選項
A.showthatWarnerBiosisthemostsuccessfulstudioinHollywood
B.exemplifyHollywood’srelianceonforeignmarkets
C.indicatethedownturnofAmerica’sdomesticfilmmarket
D.emphasizetheinterdependencebetweenWarnerBrosandotherstudios
問題2選項
A.moreandmorecountriesareintheboomingperiodoffilmmarket
B.thevalueofdollarisdecreasing
C.peoplehavepaidmoreattentiontotheeco-systemoutsideNorthAmerica
D.agoodcollaborationbetweenthemajorstudios
問題3選項
A.theyoungpopulationinRussiaistemptedintogoingtonewcinemasbytheirsuperiority.
B.theteenagepopulationinRussiaisdecreasingwithaspeedfasterthanthatofbuildingnewcinemas.
C.Russiaisbuildingalotofnewcinemaswithdigitalprojectors.
D.ticketpriceshaverisenbecause3Dfilmsareavailableinthenewcinemas.
問題4選項
A.Manycountriesareworriedbythegrowingpiracyofnewlyreleasedfilms.
B.Moviestarsareoftenaskedtoconductglobalmarketingcampaigns.
C.Inordertowinthemarket,rumorsofstarsareoftentakenintofilms.
D.Moviestarsdon’tliketheglobalmarketingcampaigns.
問題5選項
A.themarketrules
B.theunwrittenrules
C.peoplewhomanageinternationaldistribution
D.themajorlanguagesusedintargetcountries
【答案】第1題:B
第2題:C
第3題:C
第4題:B
第5題:B
【解析】1.作者意圖題。文章開頭指出:Hollywoodhasalwaysbeenaninternationalbusiness,butitisbecomingdramaticallymoreso(好萊塢影片運作一直是國際性產(chǎn)業(yè),但這個趨勢似乎愈演愈烈了),后面以HarryPotter為例:ThankstoHarryPotter,SherlockHolmesand“Inception”,WarnerBrosmade$2.93billionoutsideNorthAmericalastyear,smashingthestudio’spreviousrecordof$2.24billion(正是歸功于哈利波特、福爾摩斯和‘盜夢空間’,華納兄弟影業(yè)全年在北美以外的市場進(jìn)賬29.3億美元,打破了22.4億美元的記錄),由此看出作者是為了舉例證明好萊塢對國外市場的依賴。故選B。
2.判斷推理題。各選項為:A:越來越多的國家處于電影市場的繁榮吋期,B:美元的貶值,C:人們已更加關(guān)注北美外的生態(tài)系統(tǒng),D:主要的電影制片廠之間好的合作。第二段指出:Butthreethingsareparticularlyimportant:acinemaboomintheemergingworld,aconcertedeffortbythemajorstudiostomakefilmsthatmightplaywelloutsideAmericaandaglobalmarketingpushtomakesuretheydo(另外,還有三點重要原因:新興國家電影院發(fā)展迅速,美國的大型電影制片方共同努力出品迎合海外市場口味的電影,以及國際營銷的力量),由此可知A項和D項在文中有提及。再由第二段中“Thegrowthoftheinternationalboxofficeispartlyaresultofthedollar’sweakness(國際票房增長的部分原因是美元貶値)”可知B項在文中也有提及。因此C項未被提及。故選C。
3.判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干定位至句子:Yetcinema-buildingisproceedingapace,andsupplyhascreateddemand.Lastyear160mcinematicketsweresoldinRussia—thefirsttimeinrecentyearsthatsaleshaveexceededthecountry’spopulation(但影院建設(shè)急速進(jìn)行,….去年,俄國賣出1.6億張電影票——打破了近幾年來銷量未能超過人口數(shù)量的規(guī)律)。因此,“supplyhascreateddemand”原意為“供應(yīng)促進(jìn)了需求”,即A項“俄羅斯的年輕人因新電影院的優(yōu)勢而被吸引去看電影”。
4.判斷推理題。題干問:從第四段可以推斷出什么?第四段指出:Starsaregatheredfortwo-week-longmarketingblitzesthatmaytakethemtotencountries——“l(fā)ikeapoliticalcampaign”,saysMr.Lynton(明星們要聚在一起巡回10個國家,參與長達(dá)兩周的閃電式影片營銷宣傳計劃——‘就像總統(tǒng)競選’,Lynton先生提到)。由此推測B“電影明星經(jīng)常被要求去進(jìn)行全球營銷活動”正確。
5.判斷推理題。題干問:根據(jù)這篇文章,一部電影在美國外的成功取決于以下所有因素,除了…。各選項為:A:市場規(guī)則,B:潛規(guī)則,C:管理國際發(fā)行的人,D:目標(biāo)國家使用的主要語言。最后一段指出:ThesuccessofafilmoutsideAmericaisnotpurelyamarketingmatter(—部電影在美國以外市場的成功不僅僅取決于營銷因素),因此A屬于因素之一。由“Asforeignbox-officesaleshavebecomemoreimportant,thepeoplewhomanageinternationaldistributionhavebecomemoreinfluential,weighinginon“green-light”decisionsaboutwhichfilmsaremade(隨著海外票房的重要性與日俱增,海外電影發(fā)行管理人員影響力也膨脹了,他們有權(quán)決定給哪部電影開綠燈)”可知C屬于。最后一段指出:Thestudiosarecarefultoseedfilmswithactors,locationsand,occasionally,languagesthatarewell-knownintargetcountries(針對目標(biāo)國家,制片方要很用心地在影片中植入目標(biāo)市場所熟悉的演員、拍攝地、甚至語言)。D也屬于因素之一。因此只有B項未被提及,故選B。
4.單選題
Inanunfinishedbuthighlysuggestiveseriesofessays,thelateSarahEisensteinhasfocusedattentionontheevolutionofworkingwomen’svaluesfromtheturnofthecenturytotheFirstWorldWar.Eisensteinarguesthatturn-of-the-centurywomenneitherwhollyacceptednorrejectedwhatshecallsthedominant“ideologyofdomesticity,”butrathertookthisandotheravailableideologies—feminism,socialism,tradeunionism—andmodifiedoradaptedtheminlightoftheirownexperiencesandneeds.Inthusmaintainingthatwage-workhelpedtoproduceanew“consciousness”amongwomen,Eisensteintosomeextentchallengestherecent,controversialproposalbyLeslieTenderthatforwomentheworkexperienceonlyservedtoreinforcetheattractivenessofthedominantideology.AccordingtoTender,thedegradingconditionsunderwhichmanyfemalewageearnersworkedmadethemviewthefamilyasasourceofpowerandesteemavailablenowhereelseintheirsocialworld.Incontrast,Eisenstein’sstudyinsiststhatwage-workhadotherimplicationsforwomen’sidentitiesandconsciousness.Mostimportantly,herworkaimstodemonstratethatwage-workenabledwomentobecomeawareofthemselvesasadistinctsocialgroupcapableofdefiningtheircollectivecircumstance.Eisensteininsiststhatasagroupworking-classwomenwerenotabletocometocollectiveconsciousnessoftheirsituationuntiltheybeganenteringthelaborforce,becausedomesticworktendedtoisolatethemfromoneanother.
Unfortunately,Eisenstein’sunfinishedstudydoesnotdeveloptheseideasinsufficientdepthordetail,offeringtantalizinghintsratherthananexhaustiveanalysis.WhateverEisenstein’soverallplanmayhavebeen,initscurrentformherstudysuffersfromthelimitednatureofthesourcesshedependedon.Sheusesthespeechesandwritingsofreformersandlabororganizers,whosheacknowledgeswerefarfromrepresentative,asthevoiceofthetypicalwomanworker.Andthereislessthanadequateattentiongiventothedifferingvaluesofimmigrantgroupsthatmadeupasignificantproportionofthepopulationunderinvestigation.Whileraisingimportantquestions,Eisenstein’sessaysdonotprovidedefinitiveanswers,anditremainsforotherstotakeupthechallengestheyoffer.
1.Theprimarypurposeofthepassageisto().
2.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat,inEisenstein’sview,workingwomenattheturnofthecenturyhad
3.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheorganizationofthefirstparagraphofthepassage?
4.Whatdoestheword“tantalizing”(Line2,Para.2)probablymean?
5.WhichofthefollowingwouldtheauthorofthepassagebemostlikelytoapproveasacontinuationofEisenstein’sstudy?
問題1選項
A.criticizeascholar’sassumptionsandmethodology
B.evaluateanapproachtowomen’sstudy
C.comparetwosociologicaltheories
D.correctamisconceptionaboutfeministtheory
問題2選項
A.Theyresentedthedominantideologyasdegrading.
B.Theypreferredthedominantideologytootheravailableideologies.
C.Theybelievedthatthedominantideologyisolatedthemfromoneanother.
D.Theyacceptedsomebutnotallaspectsofthedominantideology.
問題3選項
A.Achronologicalaccountofahistoricaldevelopmentispresented,andthenfuturedevelopmentsarepredicted.
B.Atermisdefinedaccordingtoseveraldifferentschoolsofthought,andthenanewdefinitionisformulated.
C.Atheoryispresented,analternativeviewpointisintroduced,andthenthereasoningbehindtheinitialtheoryissummarized.
D.Atentativeproposalismade,reasonsforandagainstitareweighed,andthenamodifiedversionoftheproposalisoffered.
問題4選項
A.tempting
B.annoying
C.dubious
D.formal
問題5選項
A.Atheoreticalstudyofhowsocialismandfeminisminfluencedoneanotherattheturnofthecentury.
B.Ananalysisoflettersanddiarieswrittenbytypicalfemalewageearnersattheturnofthecentury.
C.Anassessmentofwhatdifferentsocialandpoliticalgroupsdefinedasthedominantideologyintheearlytwentiethcentury.
D.Adocumentaryaccountoflabor’sroleintheintroductionofwomenintothelaborforce.
【答案】第1題:B
第2題:D
第3題:C
第4題:A
第5題:B
【解析】1.【試題解析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)題干可以定位到文章主旨句,在最后一段“Whileraisingimportantquestions,Eisenstein’sessaysdonotprovidedefinitiveanswers,anditremainsforotherstotakeupthechallengestheyoffer.”,中文翻譯為:盡管提出了重要的問題,但是Eisenstein的文章沒有提供確切的答案,它仍需要其他人去接受這些問題提供的挑戰(zhàn)。可以判斷只有B項“評估了研究女人的一種方法”正確。
2.【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實題。由題干可以定位到原文第一段“Eisensteinarguesthatturn-of-the-centurywomenneitherwhollyacceptednorrejectedwhatshecallsthedominant“ideologyofdomesticity,”butrathertookthisandotheravailableideologies―feminism,socialism,tradeunionism―andmodifiedoradaptedtheminlightoftheirownexperiencesandneeds.”中文大意為:Eisenstein認(rèn)為世紀(jì)之交的女性既不完全接受也不完全拒絕她所謂的占主導(dǎo)地位的“家庭生活意識形態(tài)”,相反,她們接受這種意識形態(tài)和其他可用的意識形態(tài),如女權(quán)主義、社會主義和工會主義,并且根據(jù)她們自己的經(jīng)歷和需要來修改或改編這些意識形態(tài)。D選項“她們接受了一些,而不是占主導(dǎo)地位的意識形態(tài)的所有方面”正確,符合題意。
3.【試題解析】推理判斷題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞可定位到原文首段“Eisensteinarguesthatturn-of-the-centurywomenneitherwhollyacceptednorrejectedwhatshecallsthedominant‘ideologyofdomesticity,’butrathertookthisandotheravailableideologies―feminism,socialism,tradeunionism―andmodifiedoradaptedtheminlightoftheirownexperiencesandneeds.”中文翻譯為:Eisenstein認(rèn)為世紀(jì)之交的女性既不完全接受也不完全拒絕她所謂的占主導(dǎo)地位的“家庭生活意識形態(tài)”,相反,她們接受這種意識形態(tài)和其他可用的意識形態(tài),如女權(quán)主義、社會主義和工會主義,并且根據(jù)她們自己的經(jīng)歷和需要來修改或改編這些意識形態(tài),以及“...Eisensteintosomeextentchallengestherecent,controversialproposalbyLeslieTender…”中文翻譯為:在一定程度上,Eisenstein質(zhì)疑LeslieTender……最近提出的有爭議的提議,判斷C選項“提出一種理論,引出一種互斥的觀點,然后總結(jié)第一個理論背后的推理”,正確。
4.【試題解析】詞匯題。A:tempting“吸引人的”;B:annoying“討厭的;惱人的”;C:dubious“可疑的;曖昧的;無把握的;半信半疑的”;D:formal“正式的;拘謹(jǐn)?shù)?;有條理的”。題干關(guān)鍵詞“tantalizing”意為:誘人的。故選A。
5.【試題解析】推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到原文最后一段“Sheusesthespeechesandwritingsofreformersandlabororganizers,whosheacknowledgeswerefarfromrepresentative,asthevoiceofthetypicalwomanworker.”中文翻譯為:她(即Eisenstein)使用自己承認(rèn)遠(yuǎn)非代表人物的改革者和勞工組織的發(fā)言和作品來充當(dāng)?shù)湫偷呐怨ぷ髡叩穆曇簟R虼薆選項“分析世紀(jì)之交的典型女性工薪階層所寫的信和日記”符合題意。
5.翻譯題
今諸生學(xué)于太學(xué)(theImperialCollege),縣官(theroyalcourt)日有廩稍之供,父母歲有裘葛之遺,無凍餒之患矣;坐大廈之下而誦《詩》《書》,無奔走之勞矣;有司業(yè)(DirectorsofStudies)、博士之師,未有問而不告,求而不得者也;凡所宜有之書集于此,不必若余之手錄,假諸人而后見也。其業(yè)有不精,德有不成者,非天質(zhì)之卑,則心不若余之專耳,豈他人之過哉?(5分)
人們?yōu)閴粝攵窢?,正如為財產(chǎn)而斗爭一樣。于是夢想即由幻想的世界走進(jìn)了現(xiàn)實的世界,而成為了我們生命中的一個真實力量。夢想無論怎樣模糊,總潛伏在我們心底,使我們的心境永遠(yuǎn)得不到寧靜,直到這些夢想成為事實為止;像種子在底下一樣,一定要萌芽滋長,伸出地面來,尋找陽光。(4分)
目前是研究在交叉文化與多種文化方面人類的相似性的最好時機(jī)了。差異談得夠多了。強(qiáng)調(diào)我們的差異使我們?nèi)祟惐舜耸柽h(yuǎn),使我們長久地相互猜疑;在極端的情況下加深我們的分歧使我們彼此否定,失去人性結(jié)果是導(dǎo)致相互殘殺。(3分)
刑事偵破(forensic)科學(xué)家的工作,與其說是迅速和富于洞察力,不如說是更為緩慢,更具有分析性的。但這種方法所展示出的高質(zhì)量與謹(jǐn)慎可由如下事實得以反映出來:只有少數(shù)案件真正會成為審判室的主要案件。鑒于在預(yù)審中被告所聽到的刑偵證據(jù)之確鑿,他們常常折服于證明他們有罪的有分量的科學(xué)信息,并且在審判還未開始之前就低頭認(rèn)罪。(3分)
【答案】NowadaysmanystudentspursueaneducationintheImperialCollege,theywouldn’tneedtoworryaboutstarvationandcoldnessastheroyalcourtwouldofferthemeverydayfoodforfreeandparentsyourseasonalclothes.Withoutgoingoutside,theyjustsitinthecomfortableroomandreadtheclassicpoemsandhistoricalbooks.WithDirectorsofStudiesandMr.Knowledgebeingtheirteachers,alloftheirquestionsandinquirieswillbesolved.TheCollegehassuchasufficientcollectionofbooksthattheyneedn’tmakehandwrittencopiesafterborrowingbooksfromotherslikeIdidbefore.Iftheymakenoachievementintheirstudyandfailtobeapersonofhighvirtue,itdoesn’tresultfromtheirlearningabilitybuttheirlessdevotion.Itistheirownfault.
Peoplefightfordreamsjustthesameasforwealth.Dreamscomeintotherealityworldfromafantasyone,andbecomeakindofrealforceinourlives.Nomatterhowpuzzlingtheymayseem,dreamshideinourinnerheartssothatwecouldeverfindnopeaceinourmindsuntiltheybecomereality.Likeseedsdeepunderground,dreamssproutandgrowtofindthesun.
Itisthebesttimenowtostudyonhumansimilaritiesincross-cultureandmulti-cultureaspects.Nomoredifferences.Emphasizingthedifferenceskeepsusawayfromeachotherandsuspectseachotherforalongtime.Deepeningourdivergenceswouldresultin,tosomeextremes,ourdoubtstoeverybody,andmakeourhumannaturelost,wemightendupwithcruelkillingamongus.
Ratherthanbeingquickandofgreatinsight,theforensicscientists'workremainsslowandanalytic.Thehighqualityandcarefulnessofthismethod,however,couldbeshownonthefollowingfacts.Onlyafewcaseswouldactuallycometotrial.Thedefendantsareoftenconvincedbytheforensicevidencepresentedinthepre-trials,whicharescientificandimportantenoughtoestablishtheirguilt,andcommittocrimesbeforetrials.admittheircrimesbeforetrials.
6.案例題
Home-TheNewWorkplace
Oneofthesourcesofthemodernworldisthelengthoftimewetakecommuningtoandfromwork.Inlargecitiesthiscanmeanlosingthreeormorehourseverydayjusttravelingfromhometoworkandbackagain.Surelythereisanalternative!Well,accordingtoasurveyconditionedintheUS,22%ofpeoplewouldmuchpreferworkingfromhome,shouldcircumstancesallow.LizSewellspoketoseveralpeoplewhohavealreadymadethechangetothismodern-dayworkplacetotryandfindoutmore.
ScottMillerisa40year-olddraughtsmanwhohasbeenworkinghomeforthepasttwoyears.Headmitsthatitwasn’tsomethingthathecravedfor;ratherithappenedwhenhiswife,Jules,auniversitylecturer,wasofferedafull-timeposition.“Shedidn’tthinkthatshecouldtakethejob.Iknewthatshereallywantedit,butshedidn’twanttoputoursonintofull-timecars.Ihadbeenworkingforthesamefirmforsevenyearsanddecidedtoapproachmybosses.Mytrackrecordprobablyhelpedbecausetheyacceptedtheproposition.Aslongasmyproductivitywasmaintained,theydidn’tmindwhereIworked.Alsomywifeishappy,andhercareerisblossoming.”
“NowIgointotheofficeeveryMondayafternoonforameetingandpickupmyweek’swork.Interestingly,IfeelthatIworkevenbetterfromhome,somuchsothateventhoughoursonnowatschool,Istillworkthere.”
However,isworkingfromhomeassimpleasitsounds?TransferringworktoadifferentworkplaceisonlypartoftheequationforJoanneMcCarthy,whountilthreemonthsagowasaHumanResourcesManagerforalargepubliccorporation.Shehasnowbecomeafull-timetraderonthestockmarket.Shesaysshelovesthefreedomthatworkingfromhomegivesher,butshereallymissedthesocialinteraction.
“Asmyjobjustinvolvesworkingformyself,bymyself,IfindthatIhavebecomemuchmoreintrovertedbecauseIdon’thavethatface-to-face,professionalinvolvementwithpeopleanymore.Ispendalldayonthecomputercheckingthepricesofmystocks.Byevening,Iamdesperatetotalktomyhusband—evenifitisonlyaboutwhatliehasbeendoingallclay.”
Shehasrealizedthatthiscouldjeopardizeherattemptstoworkfromhome.LouiseTateisanaccountantandusedtocommuteanhoureachwaytoherofficebeforedecidingtherehadtobeabetterway.Forher,thebiggestproblemwithworkingfromhomewasdistractions.“Itwassoeasytogetdistractedbytheotherthingsyouhavetodoathome,likewastingandcleaning,”shetoldus.“Ihadtoforcemyselftoviewmystudyasanoffice,notpartofthehouse.SoIcameupwithanovelidea—myhusbandthoughtIwasmade,butIhadaseparateentrancebuilttotheoffice.Atthebeginningofmyworkday,Igooutofthefrontdoorofourhouse,lockit,andthenwalkaroundtotheoffice.NowIfeelthatIamreallyatwork,andmyproductivityhasincreasedasaresult.Iknowitsoundsstrange,butitworksforme.”TwelvemonthsdownthetrackandLouiseneverwantstofacethemorningtrafficagain.
Peoplechoosetoworkfromhomeforamultitudeofreasons.TaketheexampleofGeorgeMercer,whoownssevencafeswithina7-mileradiusofdowntownMiami.HehasbasedhisofficeinhisFortLauderdalebeachfronthome,andkeepsincontactwithhisvariousmanagersbyphone,faxande-mail,“WhenIstartedthebusinessfouryearsago,Icouldn’tdecidewhichcafetohaveasmymainbase,soIdecidedtosetupmyofficeathome.Withmoderntelecommunicationsnowadays,Iamalwaysabletocontactmypremisesandorderprovisionsfrommysuppliers.”
“IfIgetfedupwithworkingfromhomeorifthereareproblemsthathavetobedealtwithinperson.Ijustjumpinthecaranddrivetothecafes.Fromtimetotime,wehavemeetingsatmyplace,whichgivethemanagersabreakfromtheirown‘office’.Theygetachangeofscenery.Istillhavecontrolbuttheyhavealargeamountofindependenceintheday-to-dayrunningofthecafes.Ilovemyjobandit’sobviousthatmymanagersrespondwelltothearrangement.Life’sgreatatthemomentwouldn’tchangeathing!”
Obviously,noteveryoneisabletohavethetypeofworkthatcanbedonefromhome,butthereareplentyofpeoplejustlikeme—judgingbyinternetsitesthemoretraditionalemploymentvacancyads—whowouldjumpatthechance.
UsinginformationfromReadingPassage2,matchthepeoplelistedA-Fintheboxbelowwiththeirdescriptions.
NOTE:Therearemoredescriptionsthanpeople.Youmayuseanyofthechoicesmorethanonce.
ListofPeople
AScottMiller
BJoanneMcCarthy
CLouiseTate
DGeorgeMercer
ENoneoftheabove
FAlloftheabove
Descriptions
()needstobegoodatmath.
()isnotself-employed.
()hasbeenworkingfromhomeforthelongestperiod.
()doesn’tneedtointeractwithclientstocarryouttheirbusiness.
試題缺失
()thinksthattheyarelesssuccessfulworkingfromhome.
()helpedsomeoneelsetoretainhis/hercareer.
()livesonthecoast.
【答案】1.C
2.A和B
3.D
4.C
5.試題缺失
6.B
7.E
8.D
【解析】1.根據(jù)文章第六段,“LouiseTateisanaccountantandusedtocommuteanhoureachwaytoherofficebeforedecidingtherehadtobeabetterway.”,可知LouiseTate是一名會計師,過去常常往返于她的辦公室和家之間,往返一個小時,然后才決定出更好的方法??膳袛喑鯨ouise必須要擅長數(shù)學(xué)。選項C符合題意。
2.根據(jù)文章第二段,“Ihadbeenworkingforthesamefirmforsevenyearsanddecidedtoapproachmybosses.”,可知ScottMiller在同一家公司工作了7年。可判斷出他工作的公司不是自主經(jīng)營的,選項A可選。又根據(jù)文章第四段,“Shehasnowbecomeafull-timetraderonthestockmarket.”,可知JoanneMcCarthy現(xiàn)在已成為股票市場的全職交易員,可判斷出她的工作也不屬于自主經(jīng)營,選項B可選。
3.根據(jù)文章第七段,“WhenIstartedthebusinessfouryearsago,Icouldn’tdecidewhichcafetohaveasmymainbase,soIdecidedtosetupmyofficeathome.”,可知當(dāng)GeorgeMercer四年前開始創(chuàng)業(yè)時,無法決定把哪家咖啡館作為主要基地,所以決定了在家里設(shè)立辦公室。可判斷出他已經(jīng)在家辦公4年了,結(jié)合上下文比較,他是在家辦公時間最長的。選項D符合題意。
4.根據(jù)文章第六段,“thebiggestproblemwithworkingfromhomewasdistractions.”,可知在家工作最大的問題是分心,可判斷出這是LouiseTate最大的問題,所以她不需要與客戶互動來開展他們的業(yè)務(wù)。選項C符合題意。
5.試題缺失
6.根據(jù)文章第四段,“Shesaysshelovesthefreedomthatworkingfromhomegivesher,butshereallymissedthesocialinteraction.”,可知JoanneMcCarthy喜歡在家工作給她帶來的自由,但她真的很懷念社交活動??膳袛喑鏊J(rèn)為在家工作不太成功。選項B符合題意。
7.縱觀全文,對于文中提到的所有工作者,都沒有提及他們是否幫助別人保持了工作,選項E符合題意。
8.根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第三段,“HehasbasedhisofficeinhisFortLauderdalebeachfronthome,andkeepsincontactwithhisvariousmanagersbyphone…”,可知GeorgeMercer的辦公室設(shè)在勞德代爾堡(FortLauderdale)海濱別墅(他的家),并通過電話與多位經(jīng)理保持聯(lián)系??膳袛喑鯣eorgeMercer的家在海邊。選項D符合題意。
7.單選題
Theworldmaybebecomingamorefemale-friendlyplacebutcorporateboardroomarenot,withwomenholdingunder3percentoftopmanagementjobsinWesternfirms,accordingtoaUnitedNationssurveyissuedrecently.ThereportentitledBreakingThroughtheGlassCeiling:Women
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