考研考博-英語(yǔ)-太原學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解2

書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-太原學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買(mǎi)！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Hemadea______speechthatcausedagreatdealofargument.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.successful

B.provocative

C.touching

D.hostile

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)successful“成功的；一帆風(fēng)順的”；B選項(xiàng)provocative“刺激的；挑撥的；煽動(dòng)的”；C選項(xiàng)touching“動(dòng)人的，令人同情的”；D選項(xiàng)hostile“敵對(duì)的；敵方的；懷敵意的”。句意：他做了一個(gè)……演講引起了一番爭(zhēng)論。根causedagreatdealofargument（引起大量的爭(zhēng)論）可推測(cè)B選項(xiàng)與其意思對(duì)應(yīng)正確，因此選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

2.單選題

Shebroughtherrageundercontrol,hersmilingface______herrealfeeling.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.disguised

B.disguising

C.disguise

D.todisguise

【答案】A

【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。英語(yǔ)句子中前后句子時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)統(tǒng)一，前半句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用的“bring”的過(guò)去式“brought”，因此后半句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也應(yīng)用過(guò)去式，選項(xiàng)中只有A選項(xiàng)符合題意。句意：她控制住了自己的憤怒，她的微笑掩飾了她的真實(shí)感情。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

3.翻譯題

PutthefollowingtwopassagesintoChinese.

Whileabsorbingtheoutstandingachievementsofforeigncultures,wecannotbesatisfiedwithsimpleimitation.Indulgenceinsimpleimitationwoulddepriveusofcreativitysothatwewillnotbeabletoachieveanewartisticsophisticationorpresentourownexcellentworkstotheworld.Simpleimitationcannotbeequatedtonewconceptionatall.Thelatterisacombinationofmodemandtraditionalstyle,acombinationofforeignnations’andourownnation’scharacteristics,andacombinationofartisticandeducationalquality.

Peaceanddevelopmentarethetwomainthemesoftheworldtoday.Maintainingglobalpeace,enhancingfriendshipandcooperation,andpromotingcommondevelopmentarethecommonaspirationsofallpeoples.Atpresent,worldwidestabilityanddevelopmentarethreatenedbysuchseriousproblemsaspoverty,unemployment,refugeeflows,crimes,populationexplosion,environmentaldegradation,drugabuse,andterrorism.Thoughdifferentintheirnationalconditions,Chinasaidwesterncountriessharebroadcommoninterestsonawiderangeofmajorinternationalissues.IamhappytoseetheimprovementandexpansionofChina’srelationswiththem.TheChineseGovernmentandpeoplestandreadytomakeacontributiontotheloftycauseofpeaceanddevelopmenttogetherwiththegovernmentsandpeoplesofallcountries,includingthoseofwesterncountries,onthebasisofmutualrespect,equalityandmutualbenefit.

【答案】在吸收外國(guó)文化的優(yōu)秀成果時(shí)，我們不能滿(mǎn)足于單純的模仿。沉溺于單純模仿會(huì)讓我們失去創(chuàng)造力，致使我們無(wú)法達(dá)到一個(gè)新的藝術(shù)程度或向世界展示我們自己的優(yōu)秀作品。單純的模仿無(wú)法等同于新觀(guān)念。后者是現(xiàn)代風(fēng)格與傳統(tǒng)風(fēng)格的結(jié)合，是外國(guó)特色與本國(guó)特色的結(jié)合，是藝術(shù)素質(zhì)與教育素質(zhì)的結(jié)合。

和平與發(fā)展是當(dāng)今世界的兩大主題。維護(hù)世界和平、增進(jìn)友誼與合作、促進(jìn)共同發(fā)展是各國(guó)人民的共同愿望。當(dāng)前，貧困、失業(yè)、難民流動(dòng)、犯罪、人口爆炸、環(huán)境惡化、毒品泛濫、恐怖主義等嚴(yán)重問(wèn)題威脅著世界的穩(wěn)定和發(fā)展。中國(guó)表示，盡管西方各國(guó)國(guó)情不同，但在一系列重大國(guó)際問(wèn)題上有著廣泛的共同利益。我很高興看到中國(guó)與他們的關(guān)系得到改善與發(fā)展。中國(guó)政府和人民愿在相互尊重、平等互利的基礎(chǔ)上，同包括西方國(guó)家在內(nèi)的各國(guó)政府和人民一道，為和平與發(fā)展的崇高事業(yè)做出貢獻(xiàn)。

4.單選題

I’mactingas______whilethemanagerisawayonbusiness.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.agency

B.policy

C.deputy

D.colleague

【答案】C

【解析】【試題解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)agency“（尤指）代理機(jī)構(gòu)，經(jīng)銷(xiāo)機(jī)構(gòu)；（政府的）專(zhuān)門(mén)機(jī)構(gòu)”；B選項(xiàng)policy“政策”；C選項(xiàng)deputy“副手；代理人”；D選項(xiàng)colleague“同事”。句意：經(jīng)理出差時(shí)，由我______。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，這里指經(jīng)理不在的時(shí)候，我來(lái)完成他的工作，C選項(xiàng)deputy“副手；代理人”符合題意。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

5.單選題

Such______thecase,Ican’taffordtosupporthim.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.being

B.is

C.hasbeen

D.hadbeen

【答案】A

【解析】【試題解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：如果是這樣的話(huà)，我就負(fù)擔(dān)不起贍養(yǎng)他的費(fèi)用。逗號(hào)后面是完整的句子，所以逗號(hào)前面的部分是句子的狀語(yǔ)，即橫線(xiàn)處應(yīng)是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，只有A選項(xiàng)being現(xiàn)在分詞是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，符合題意。B選項(xiàng)is是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；C選項(xiàng)hasbeen和D選項(xiàng)hadbeen不是正確的時(shí)態(tài)用法。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

6.單選題

Unabletodefendthemselves,someAsiancountrieswereonce（）themercyoftheimperialistpowers.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.in

B.on

C.to

D.at

【答案】C

【解析】考查介詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)in“在……里”；B選項(xiàng)on“在……之上，向，朝”；C選項(xiàng)to“朝，位于……”；D選項(xiàng)at“在……”。句意：一些亞洲國(guó)家由于無(wú)法自衛(wèi)，一度聽(tīng)?wèi){帝國(guó)主義列強(qiáng)的擺布。這里考查的是固定搭配onthemercyof“任由……擺布，聽(tīng)……的指令”，因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

7.單選題

Youmayhaveseenthiswhenyoutriedtoopenanewbankorcreditcardaccountandyouwerepresentedwithsomemultiplechoicequestionsaskingyoutoverifywhereyougotyour（

）orcarloan.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.complication

B.revenue

C.mortgage

D.chasm

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)complication“并發(fā)癥；混亂；復(fù)雜化”；B選項(xiàng)revenue“稅收收入；收益”；C選項(xiàng)mortgage“抵押；按揭”；D選項(xiàng)chasm“峽谷；分歧”。句意：當(dāng)你嘗試開(kāi)立一個(gè)新的銀行或信用卡賬戶(hù)時(shí)，你可能已經(jīng)看到了這一點(diǎn)。你會(huì)被問(wèn)到一些選擇題，要求核實(shí)你的汽車(chē)貸款或……是從哪里來(lái)的。C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

8.單選題

Thoughthesubwaysystemofthecityhasbeenwell-plannedforyears,itsfundingisstillintheair.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.widelyspreading

B.totallyuncertain

C.hystericallyunconstraine

D.alreadybroadcast

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配。句意：雖然這個(gè)城市的地鐵系統(tǒng)多年來(lái)已經(jīng)做好規(guī)劃，但是資金問(wèn)題一直……。widelyspreading“廣泛傳播”；totallyuncertain“完全不確定”；hystericallyunconstrained“完全不受約束”；alreadybroadcast“已經(jīng)播出”。根據(jù)句子前后邏輯可知資金問(wèn)題一直沒(méi)有解決，因此劃線(xiàn)詞組的意思是“懸而未決的”，選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

9.單選題

Alotofchildrenhavebeendeprivedofanormalhomelife.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.ensured

B.stripped

C.accused

D.inquired

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)ensured“確保”；B選項(xiàng)stripped“剝奪”；C選項(xiàng)accused“控告”；D選項(xiàng)inquired“詢(xún)問(wèn)”。句意：許多孩子被剝奪了正常的家庭生活。劃線(xiàn)部分deprived是剝奪的意思。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

10.案例題

PictureatypicalMBAlecturetheatretwentyyearsago.Initthemajorityofstudentswillhaveconformedtothestandardmodelofthetime:male,middleclassandWestern.Walkintoaclasstoday,however,andyou'llgetacompletelydifferentimpression.Forastart,youwillnowseeplentymorewomen-theUniversityofPennsylvania'sWhartonSchool,forexample,boaststhat40%ofitsnewenrolmentisfemale.Youwillalsoseeawiderangeofethnicgroupsandnationalsofpracticallyeverycountry.

Itmightbetempting,therefore,tothinkthattheoldbarriershavebeenbrokendownandequalopportunityachieved.But,increasingly,thisapparentdiversityisbecomingamaskforanewtypeofconformity.Behindthedifferencesinsex,skintonesandmothertongues,therearecommonattitudes,expectationsandambitionswhichriskcreatingasetofclonesamongthebusinessleadersofthefuture.

Diversity,itseems,hasnothelpedtoaddressfundamentalweaknessesinbusinessleadership.Sowhatcanbedonetocreatemoreeffectivemanagersofthecommercialworld?AccordingtoValerieGauthier,associatedeanatHECParis,thekeyliesintheprocessbywhichMBAprogrammesrecruittheirstudents.Atthemomentcandidatesareselectedonafairlynarrowsetofcriteriasuchasprioracademicandcareerperformance,andanalyticalandproblemsolvingabilities.Thisisthencoupledtoaschool'spictureofwhatadiverseclassshouldlooklike,withtheresultthatpassport,ethnicoriginandsexcanallbecomeinfluencingfactors.Butschoolsrarelydigdowntofindoutwhatreallymakesanapplicantsucceed,tocreateaclasswhichalsocontainsdiversityofattitudeandapproach-arguablytheonlydiversitythat,inabusinesscontext,reallymatters.

ProfessorGauthierbelievesschoolsshouldnotjustbeselectingcandidatesfromtraditionalsectorssuchasbanking,consultancyandindustry.Theyshouldalsobeseekingindividualswhohavebackgroundsinareassuchaspoliticalscience,thecreativearts,historyorphilosophy,whichwillallowthemtoputbusinessdecisionsintoawidercontext.

Indeed,theredoesseemtobeademandforthemoreroundedleaderssuchdiversitymightcreate.AstudybyMannaz,aleadershipdevelopmentcompany,suggeststhat,whilethebully-boychiefexecutiveofoldmaynothavebeeneradicatedcompletely,thereisadefiniteshiftinemphasistowardslesstoughstylesofmanagement-atleastinAmericaandEurope.Perhapsmostsignificant,accordingtoMannaz,istheincreasinginterestlargecompanieshaveinmorecollaborativemanagementmodels,suchasthoseprevalentinScandinavia,whichseektointegratethehardandsoftaspectsofleadershipandencouragedelegatedresponsibilityandaccountability.

1.Whatcharacterisesthebusinessschoolstudentpopulationoftoday?

A.Greaterdiversity.

B.Intellectualmaturity.

C.Exceptionaldiligence.

D.Higherambition.

2.Whatistheauthor'sconcernaboutcurrentbusinessschooleducation?

A.Itwillarousestudents'unrealisticexpectations.

B.Itwillproducebusinessleadersofauniformstyle.

C.Itfocusesontheoryratherthanonpracticalskills.

D.Itstressescompetitionratherthancooperation.

3.WhataspectofdiversitydoesValerieGauthierthinkismostimportant?

A.Ageandeducationalbackground.

B.Socialandprofessionalexperience.

C.Attitudeandapproachtobusiness.

D.Ethnicoriginandgender.

4.WhatapplicantsdoestheauthorthinkMBAprogrammesshouldconsiderrecruiting?

A.Applicantswithpriorexperienceinbusinesscompanies.

B.Applicantswithsoundknowledgeinmathandstatistics.

C.Applicantsfromoutsidethetraditionalsectors.

D.Applicantsfromlessdevelopedregionsandareas.

5.WhatdoesMannazsayaboutthecurrentmanagementstyle?

A.Itiseradicatingthetoughaspectsofmanagement.

B.Itencouragesmaleandfemaleexecutivestoworksidebyside.

C.Itadoptsthebully-boychiefexecutivemodel.

D.Itisshiftingtowardsmorecollaborativemodels.

【答案】1.A

2.B

3.C

4.C

5.D

【解析】1.根據(jù)第一段的內(nèi)容可知，以前的NBA講堂是典型的男性，中產(chǎn)階級(jí)和西方人為主，而現(xiàn)在也能看到很多女性，還有來(lái)自不同國(guó)家和不同種族的人。這說(shuō)明現(xiàn)在商學(xué)院學(xué)生人口的特點(diǎn)是多樣性，選項(xiàng)A正確。

2.

根據(jù)第二段的最后一句“Behindthedifferencesinsex,skintonesandmothertongues,therearecommonattitudes,expectationsandambitionswhichriskcreatingasetofclonesamongthebusinessleadersofthefuture.”選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

3.

根據(jù)第三段“AccordingtoValerieGblemsolvingabilities.”目前，候選人的選拔標(biāo)準(zhǔn)相當(dāng)狹窄，比如先前的學(xué)業(yè)和職業(yè)表現(xiàn)，以及分析和解決問(wèn)題的能力。說(shuō)明ValerieGauthier最看重的是社會(huì)經(jīng)歷和工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)。

4.

根據(jù)第四段的內(nèi)容可知，商學(xué)院不應(yīng)僅僅從銀行、咨詢(xún)和工業(yè)等傳統(tǒng)行業(yè)中挑選候選人。他們還應(yīng)該尋找具有政治科學(xué)、創(chuàng)意藝術(shù)、歷史或哲學(xué)等領(lǐng)域背景的個(gè)人，這些領(lǐng)域?qū)⑹顾麄兡軌驅(qū)⑸虡I(yè)決策置于更廣泛的背景中。選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

5.根據(jù)最后一段“Perhapsmostsignificant,accordingtoMannaz,istheincreasinginterestlargecompanieshaveinmorecollaborativemanagementmodels...”大公司對(duì)更多的合作管理模式越來(lái)越感興趣，選項(xiàng)D正確。

11.翻譯題

ReadthefollowingparagraphcarefullyandthentranslateitintoChinese.

Mostsocietiesderiveconsensusfromalonghistory,alanguagealltheirown,acommonreligion,orcommonancestry.Themythsbywhichtheylivearebasedonallofthese.ButtheUnitedStatesisacountryofimmigrants,comingfromagreatvarietyofnations.Lately,ithasbeenemphasizedthatanasocialnarcissisticpersonalityhasbecomecharacteristicofAmericans,andthatitisthistypeofpersonalitythatmakesforthelackofwell-being,becauseitpreventsusfromachievingconsensusthatwouldcounteractatendencytowithdrawintoprivateworlds.Inthisstudyofnarcissism,ChristopherLashsaysthatmodernman,“torturedbyself-consciousness,turnstonewtherapiesnottofreehimselfofhispersonalworriesbuttofindmeaningandpurposeinlife,tofindsomethingtolivefor.”Thereiswidespreaddistressbecausenationalmoralehasdeclined,andwehavelostanearliersenseofnationalvisionandpurpose.

【答案】大多數(shù)社會(huì)的共識(shí)來(lái)自于悠久的歷史、一種完全屬于自己的語(yǔ)言、一個(gè)共同的宗教或共同的祖先。他們賴(lài)以生存的神話(huà)就是建立在所有這些基礎(chǔ)之上的。但是美國(guó)是一個(gè)移民國(guó)家，其移民來(lái)自許多不同的國(guó)家。最近，有人強(qiáng)調(diào)，孤僻和自戀已經(jīng)成為美國(guó)人的性格特征，正是這種性格導(dǎo)致了幸福感的缺乏，因?yàn)樗柚沽宋覀冞_(dá)成共識(shí)，有了共識(shí)人們才不會(huì)再退縮到自我的小天地中。在這項(xiàng)關(guān)于自戀的研究中，克里斯托弗?拉什認(rèn)為現(xiàn)代人“受到自我意識(shí)的折磨，其解決辦法不是從個(gè)人煩惱中解脫出來(lái)，而是在生活中找到意義和目的，并找到一生追求的東西。”由于國(guó)民士氣下降，人們普遍感到不安，我們也失去了早先對(duì)國(guó)家遠(yuǎn)景和目標(biāo)的認(rèn)識(shí)。

12.單選題

Sincethetownspeopleweresodissatisfied,variousmethodsto（

）thesituationweredebated.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.alleviate

B.tolerate

C.clarify

D.intensify

【答案】A

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析題。alleviate“減輕，緩和”；tolerate“忍受，容忍”；clarify“使（頭腦、神智等）清醒，澄清”；intensify“增強(qiáng)，増加”；根據(jù)句意‘因?yàn)樾℃?zhèn)居民極其不滿(mǎn)，所以討論了各種（

）形勢(shì)的方案?！_定A選項(xiàng)“減輕，緩和”符合題意。

13.單選題

His_____ingamblinghaseventuallybroughtabouthisruin.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.indulgence

B.habit

C.action

D.engagement

【答案】A

【解析】indulgence嗜好，放縱，沉溺；habit習(xí)慣，嗜好；action行動(dòng)，活動(dòng)；engagement婚約，諾言。句意：沉溺于賭博最終導(dǎo)致了他的毀滅。indulgenceinsth.指放縱,任性（的習(xí)慣），選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

14.單選題

Althougharchitecturehasartisticqualities,itmustalsosatisfyanumberofimportantpractical（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.obligations

B.regulations

C.observations

D.considerations

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)obligations“義務(wù)，債務(wù)”；B選項(xiàng)regulations“條例，規(guī)程”；C選項(xiàng)observations“觀(guān)察，觀(guān)察值”；D選項(xiàng)considerations“考慮，注意事項(xiàng)”。句意：雖然建筑具有藝術(shù)性，但它也必須滿(mǎn)足一些重要的實(shí)際_____。本句表達(dá)的意思是，雖然具有藝術(shù)性，但是還是要滿(mǎn)足一些重要的實(shí)際注意事項(xiàng)。因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

15.翻譯題

Directions:TranslatetheunderlinedpartofthefollowingtextintoChinese.Writeyourtranslationontheanswersheet.(10points)

Asindividuals,trademagazinereadersarebusy,concernedaboutsavingtime,anddelugedinformation.Chancesaregoodthattheywillskimmorethantheyread,andtheywill“read”manyarticlesbyselectingonlysectionsthatappealtothem.

Moreover,thereadershipofanymagazineconsistsofanassortmentofsubgroups.Thismaysoundlikeitcontradictswhatwehavesaidearlieraboutthenarrowfocusoftrademagazines.Butreallythereisnocontradiction:Sometrademagazines—“horizontal”or“functional”magazinesarecreatedspecificallytoembracediverseaudiencesofreaderswhoshareaparticularinterest.(TakeforexampleFolio,whichisreadbymagazineprofessionalsofalldisciplines—editorial,circulation,advertising,andproduction.)Buteveninthenarrowest“vertical”magazine,therewillbesubgroups.Attheveryleast,amagazinewillhavesubcategoriesbasedonexperience—beginnersseekingasecurefootinginthefield,secureprofessionalsseekingtoexpandtheiralreadysubstantialknowledge,andexpertswhowanttokeepcurrentonandlearnofnewdevelopments,butwhomayreadthemagazineasmuchtofindoutwhatpeopleinthefieldthinkorareworkingon.

Theseobservationsallleadtothesameconclusions:Wheneveryouwrite,youshouldassumethatmostofyouraudiencewillreadyourarticleinanalteredform.Somewillskim,takinginthegeneraloutlines,andpausinghereandtheretoabsorbdetails.Otherswillhuntdownisolatedfactsthatinterestthem.Stillotherswillreadyourstoryinadifferentorderthanyouintended,orwillattempttousethestoryinamanneratcrosspurposestoyourintention—treatingatechnicalarticleasaphonebookofinformationresources,orextractingintelligenceoncompetitorsfromaprofileofamajorsupplier.Nomatterhowtheyreadyourstory,yourreaderswillprobablybeworkingquickly.Theyneedinternalsummariesofmaterialtheymaynotreadinfull,andlabels—verbalortypographic—tohelpthemfindwhattheyarelookingfor.

【答案】【參考譯文】

另外，任何雜志的讀者群都可再分為數(shù)種各不相同的類(lèi)型組。這聽(tīng)起來(lái)可能與前面所說(shuō)貿(mào)易雜志的目標(biāo)范圍通常較窄有矛盾，但事實(shí)上這并不矛盾：有些雜志，即所謂“垂直型”或“功能型”雜志，就是為形形色色卻有一特定興趣的讀者編的。（例如FOLIO雜志，就是為所有學(xué)科的雜志的專(zhuān)業(yè)編輯人員——寫(xiě)社論的、搞發(fā)行的、做廣告的、管印發(fā)的人——編的。）不過(guò)即使是最狹窄意義上的“垂直型”雜志，其讀者也還是能按類(lèi)型分組的。至少，可以按經(jīng)驗(yàn)多少來(lái)區(qū)分雜志的讀者：初次涉獵者希望在該領(lǐng)域站穩(wěn)腳跟，專(zhuān)業(yè)有成者希望能拓展自己已經(jīng)相當(dāng)充分的知識(shí)領(lǐng)域，而專(zhuān)家們則希望緊跟形勢(shì)，了解最新進(jìn)展，同樣也想了解本領(lǐng)域其他人士在想什么，做什么。

16.單選題

Maggietiptoedoverandtooktheclockawaybecauseshehatedtohearit（）whenshewastryingtogotosleep.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.sounding

B.humming

C.ticking

D.ringing

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A:sound“作聲，發(fā)聲，響”；B:hum“發(fā)連續(xù)低沉的聲音（如蜜蜂、馬達(dá)的嗡嗡聲）”；C:tick“發(fā)出滴答聲”；D:ring“鳴，發(fā)出清脆響亮的聲音”。句意：麥琪躡手躡腳走過(guò)來(lái)把鐘拿走了，因?yàn)樗憛捲谧约合胨X(jué)的時(shí)候聽(tīng)它滴答地響。結(jié)合此處語(yǔ)境，修飾的是鬧鐘聲，故C為正確答案。

17.單選題

AnotherfoodcropraisedbyIndians______strangetotheEuropeanwascalledIndiancorn.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.whowere

B.thatwere

C.thatwas

D.whowas

【答案】C

【解析】考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：印第安人種植的另一種對(duì)歐洲人來(lái)說(shuō)很陌生的糧食作物叫作印第安玉米。橫線(xiàn)及strangetotheEuropean部分是修飾anotherfoodcrop的定語(yǔ)從句，根據(jù)anotherfoodcrop是不可數(shù)名詞確定用thatwas，C選項(xiàng)thatwas符合題意。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

18.單選題

The（

）ofthesoilcanbeincreasedbyusingmorefertilizers.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.produce

B.product

C.productivity

D.production

【答案】C

【解析】考查形似名詞詞義辨析。produce“產(chǎn)品”；product“產(chǎn)品，結(jié)果”；productivity“生產(chǎn)力”；production“成果，產(chǎn)品”。句意：通過(guò)使用更多肥料來(lái)提高土壤的生產(chǎn)力。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

19.翻譯題

MOOCs(MassiveOpenOnlineCourses)arethelatestadditiontotheacronym-boundlexiconofhighereducation,andquitepossiblythemostsignificantofthemall.Theyrepresentanewgenerationofonlineeducation,freelyaccessibleontheinternetandgearedtowardsverylargestudentnumbers.

ThephenomenonhasbeenlikenedbythepresidentofStanfordUniversityto“adigitaltsunami”,threateningtosweepasideconventionaluniversityeducation.WhetherornottheriseofMOOCswillprovetowarrantsuchhyperbole,thereisnodoubtthatsomethingveryimportantishappeningintheglobalsystem,raisingprofoundquestionsabouttheverynatureandfutureofhighereducation.

【答案】答：

MOOCs（大規(guī)模開(kāi)放在線(xiàn)課堂）是高等教育相關(guān)縮寫(xiě)詞匯中的新成員，也可能是所有詞匯中最具影響力的一個(gè)。大規(guī)模開(kāi)放在線(xiàn)課堂代表網(wǎng)絡(luò)教育的新一代，可以通過(guò)網(wǎng)絡(luò)免費(fèi)獲取，面向的學(xué)生數(shù)量非常龐大。

這一現(xiàn)象被斯坦福大學(xué)的校長(zhǎng)比作“一場(chǎng)數(shù)字海嘯”，威脅著傳統(tǒng)的大學(xué)教育。不論大規(guī)模開(kāi)放在線(xiàn)課堂的崛起是否真的會(huì)達(dá)到如此夸張的階段，有一點(diǎn)可以肯定的是全球體系內(nèi)正在發(fā)生一些重要的事情，并引發(fā)了對(duì)高等教育本質(zhì)和將來(lái)的一些疑問(wèn)。

20.單選題

Thebranchesofthesmalltreecouldhardly（

）theweightofthefruit.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.retain

B.maintain

C.remain

D.sustain

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。retain“保持，記住”；maintain“保持”；remain“保持，留下”；sustain“維持，支持，支撐”。句意；小樹(shù)的枝丫很難承受果實(shí)的重量。D項(xiàng)符合題意。

21.單選題

Thesupplyofelectricpowertothecityanditsneighboringdistrictshashadtobe______.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.weakened

B.minimized

C.restricted

D.slowed

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A項(xiàng)weaken“減少，使變?nèi)酢?，B項(xiàng)minimize“使減到最少，小看”，C項(xiàng)restrict“限制，約束”，D項(xiàng)slow“變慢，阻礙”。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞Thesupplyofelectricpower“電力供應(yīng)”可知，空格部分表示“限制”更符合語(yǔ)境。句意：這個(gè)城市及其鄰近地區(qū)的電力供應(yīng)不得不受到限制。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

22.單選題

Thecourseofscholasticpreparationwasarduousrequiringthesystematicpassingofsuccessiveexaminations.Successintheexaminationsresultedinthe（）ofacademicdegrees,whichweretreasuredasthesurestsourceofwealthandpowerinChina.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.bestowal

B.giving

C.conferring

D.offering

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)bestowal“贈(zèng)與”；B選項(xiàng)giving“給予”；C選項(xiàng)conferring“文憑、學(xué)位的授予”；D選項(xiàng)offering“提供”。根據(jù)題干，提到學(xué)位被視為財(cái)富和成功的可靠來(lái)源，符合題干內(nèi)容的只有C選項(xiàng)，學(xué)位作為一種文憑。句意：學(xué)業(yè)準(zhǔn)備的過(guò)程是艱苦的，要求有系統(tǒng)地通過(guò)連續(xù)的考試?？荚嚦晒?dǎo)致學(xué)術(shù)學(xué)位的……，在中國(guó)這是寶貴的財(cái)富和權(quán)力的源泉。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

23.單選題

WiththereleaseofthePiano,apowerfullyemotionalstorysetinnineteenth-centuryNewZealandaboutawoman’ssexualawakening,theNewZealand—bornJaneCampionhasestablishedherselfasoneofthemosttalentedfemalefilmmakerstocomeuponthesceneinrecentyears.ThefilmnotonlyreceivedpraisefulreviewsfromcriticsandmoviegoersbutwontheCannesFilmFestivalstopprizethePalmeD’Or,makingCampionthefirstwomanovertobesohonored.Campion'ssuccessisnotablealsobecausesheisarelativenewcomertothefilmworld:theforty-year-olddirectorhasmadejustthreefeatures(includingThePiano),atelevisionmovie,andahandfulofshortsdatingfromherstudentdays.

AlthoughCampion’sfilmsappearatfirstglancetohavelittleincommon—herfirstfeature,Sweetie,isaveryhonest(somewouldsaycruellyunfeeling)portraitofadysfunctionalfamilyandhersecond,AnAngelatMyTable,isasympatheticbiographyofthenewZealandnovelistJanetFrame-eachreflectsherfeelingforstrong-willed,oftenmisunderstoodwomenwhorefuse,orareunabletogivethemselvesuptotheirrespectivesocieties'definitionsofwomanhood.AccordingtoDavidSterrittwritingintheChristianScienceMonitor,ThePiano"gainmuchofitseffectivenessfromCampionsdirectingstyle,whichcombinesthedreamlikeatmosphereofherearlyfilmSweetiewiththesensitivitytofeelingsthatmadeherlastmovieAnAngelatMyTable,soextraordinary."Alsocontributingtothefilm’ssuccesswasCampion'sabilitytoinducefineperformancesfromhercharacter."ShedirectsactorsdifferentlyfromanyoneI’veeverknown,"SamNeiltoldPaulFreemaninaninterviewfortheChicagoTribute"IalwaysfeltthattherewasabigsafetynetundertheandthatIwaspermittedtotakeasmanyrisksasIwantedto."GenevieveLemon,whohadplayedthetitleroleinSweetieandtookthesupportingroleofNessieinThePiano,agreedCampionisalreadyatworkonhernextprojectanadaptationofHenryJaures'snovelThePortraitofaLady.

1.Thepassageisprimarilyconcernedwith（）.

2.Accordingtothepassage,Campion'sthreemoviessharewhichofthefollowingcharacteristics?

3.ItcanbeconcludedthatCampionisregardedasoneofthemosttalentedfilmmakersinrecentyearsbecause（）

.

4.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatCampion'sdirectingstyleofthethirdmovie（）

.

5.TheauthorimpliesthatCampionisdifferentfromotherfilmmakersinthat（）

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.presentingtheinterrelationshipsbetweenCampionsthreemovies

B.commentingonJaneCampionasafilmmakerandherrecentmovie,ThePiano

C.explainingwhyThePianowasasuccess

D.criticizingJaneCampionandherthreemovies

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Allofthemseemtobequitecommonplaceatfirstglance.

B.AllofthemdealwithstoriesthattookplaceinNewZealand.

C.Allofthemdescribeawomanwhoisrebelliousagainstthetraditionalviewoffemale.

D.Eachmovieminorsthetimewhenthemoviewasproduced.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.themoviethathasbroughtsuchgreathonortoherisjustthethirdfeatureshehasproduced

B.sheisonly40yearsold

C.sheisthefirstwomanwhohasreceivedsuchhonors

D.shebeganhermovieproductionfromherstudentdays

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.isasimplecombinationofthoseinhertwoearlymovies

B.contributedgreatlytothesuccessofthemovie

C.ismuchofanimitationofpreviousones

D.isquitecreative

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.sheisespeciallygoodatmakingtheactorsperformtothebestoftheirability

B.sheisquiteabletoassuretheactorsoftheirsuccess

C.shetendstoencouragetheactorstotakeasmanyrisksaspossible

D.shealwaysplacesabigsafetynetundertheactorswhendirectingthemovies

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】第1題:通讀全文可知，本文主要是講JaneCampion和她最近的電影《鋼琴課》。選項(xiàng)B正確。

第2題:根據(jù)原文可知，Campion一共拍了3部電影，看似都是平淡無(wú)奇，實(shí)則體現(xiàn)出新時(shí)代女性反對(duì)傳統(tǒng)的觀(guān)念。選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

第3題:根據(jù)第一段的最后一句話(huà)的內(nèi)容可知，Campion之所以被認(rèn)為是近年來(lái)最有天賦的制作人之一，因?yàn)樗请娪敖绲男氯耍哼@位40歲的導(dǎo)演只拍過(guò)三部電影（包括鋼琴課）、一部電視劇，還有幾部學(xué)生時(shí)代的短片。電影屆的新人說(shuō)明Campion在這個(gè)年紀(jì)就已經(jīng)拍出了不錯(cuò)的電影，為她帶來(lái)如此巨大榮譽(yù)的電影只是她制作的第三部電影，后面還會(huì)有更大的發(fā)展，所以，選項(xiàng)A更符合原文。

第4題:根據(jù)第二段“ThePiano"gainmuchofitseffectivenessfromCampionsdirectingstyle.”鋼琴課在很大程度上得益于Campion的導(dǎo)演風(fēng)格，正是這種風(fēng)格導(dǎo)致了電影的成功。所以選項(xiàng)B正確。

第5題:根據(jù)第二段”Alsocontributingtothefilm’ssuccesswasCampion'sabilitytoinducefineperformancesfromhercharacter.”可知，同樣使電影獲得成功的是Campion讓演員盡其所能的能力。選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

24.單選題

Somuchdataindicatetheworld’sprogresstowardsmeetingtheMillenniumDevelopmentGoals(MDGs),asetoftargetsadoptedbyworldleadersattheUNmorethantenyearsago.Butthegoal-settingexercisehasfurtherpitfalls.Toooften,thegoalsarereducedtoworkingouthowmuchmoneyisneededtomeetaparticulartarget.Yetthecountriesthathavemademostprogressincuttingpovertyhavelargelydonesonotbyspendingpublicmoney,butbyencouragingfastereconomicgrowth.AsShantaDevarajan,theWorldBank’schiefeconomistforAfrica,pointsout,growthdoesnotjustmakemoremoneyavailableforsocialspending.Italsoincreasesthedemandforsuchthingsasschooling,andthushelpsmeetotherdevelopmentgoals.Yetthegoals,asdrawnup,madenomentionofeconomicgrowth.

Ofcoursegrowthbyitselfdoesnotsolvealltheproblemsofthepoor.Itisalsoclearthatwhilemoneyhelps,howitisspentandwhatitisspentonareenormouslyimportant.Forinstances,campaignersoftenaskformoretobespentonprimaryeducation.Butthroughoutthedevelopingworldteachersonthepublicpayrollareoftenabsentfromschool.Teacher-absenteeismratesarearound20%inruralKenya,27%inUgandaand14%inEcuador.

Inanycase,moneythatisallocatedforsuchservicesrarelyreachesitsintendedrecipients.Astudyfoundthat70%ofthemoneyallocatedfordrugsandsuppliesbytheUgandagovernmentin2000waslost;inGhana,80%wassiphonedoff.Moneyneedstobespent,therefore,notmerelyonbuildingmoreschoolsorhiringmoreteachers,butongettingthemtodowhattheyarepaidfor,andpreventingresourcesfromdisappearingsomewherebetweenthecentralgovernmentandtheirsupposeddestination.

Thegoodnewsisthatpolicyexperimentscarriedoutbygovernments,NGOs,academicsandinternationalinstitutionsareslowlybuildingupabodyofevidenceaboutmethodsthatwork.Alarge-scaleevaluationinAndhraPradeshinsouthernIndiawasshown,forexample,thatperformancepayforteachersisthreetimesaseffectiveatraisingpupil’stestscoresastheequivalentamountspentonschoolsupplies.

AndinUgandathegovernment,appalledthatmoneymeantforschoolswasnotreachingthem,tooktopublicizinghowmuchwasbeingallotted,usingradioandnewspaper.Moneywastagewasdramaticallyreduced.TheWorldBankhopestobringsuchinnovationstothenoticeofothergovernmentsduringthesummit,ifitcan.Forifthedriveagainstpovertysucceed,itwillowemoretosuchideasandwiderusethantotargetssetatUN-sponsoredsummits.

26.Accordingtothetext,whichofthefollowingmeritscan’twederivefromeconomicgrowth?

27.Teacher-absenteeismiscitedasexample________.

28.Accordingtotheauthor,weshould________whendealingwithallocatedmoney.

29.Onwhichofthefollowingwouldtheauthormostprobablyagree?

30.Wemayinferfromthelastparagraphthat________.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Itincreasesotherdemandssuchaseducation.

B.ItmayhelpthegovernmenttofulfillMillenniumDevelopmentGoals.

C.Fastergrowthwillliftthepooroutofpoverty.

D.Economicgrowthmaysolvesomeproblemsofthepoor.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.tocallforgovernmentsapplyperformancepaytoteachers

B.tounderlinetheimportanceofmoneyshouldbespentonwhereitisneeded

C.tostatethattheallocatedmoneyshouldgetstaffstodowhattheyarepaidfor

D.toshowthatAfricancountrieshavealongwaytogobeforereachingtheUN’sgoalposts

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.avoidtheleakageofmoney

B.givetheanti-povertyplansthepriority

C.promoteeducationtoahigherlevel

D.improvepublicinfrastructurefirst

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Economicgrowthdoesnotmakemoremoneyavailableforsocialspending.

B.MoneyleakageisabigproblemthatAfricaencounters.

C.MillenniumDevelopmentGoalsmayinvolveeachcountry’sGDPgrowth.

D.MillenniumDevelopmentGoalshavecometobeseenasapplyingtoeachdevelopingcountry.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.theWorldBankplaysanimportantroleinhelpingUgandafixmoneyleakage

B.moneyleakageisrampantlyflourishinginUganda

C.MillenniumDevelopmentGoalsmayhavefailedinliftingthepooroutofpoverty

D.innovativeideasshouldcomebeforetargetssetbyUN

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】26.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段第一、二句Ofcoursegrowthbyitselfdoesnotsolvealltheproblemsofthepoor.Itisalsoclearthatwhilemoneyhelps,howitisspentandwhatitisspentonareenormouslyimportant.（當(dāng)然，增長(zhǎng)本身并不能解決窮人的所有問(wèn)題。同樣明顯的是，雖然錢(qián)有幫助，但如何花，花在什么地方非常重要。），可知經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)對(duì)于脫貧有幫助，但是不能根治，C選項(xiàng)“更快的增長(zhǎng)將使貧困人口擺脫貧困”不符合文章意思，所以正確，錢(qián)在脫貧上有幫助，D選項(xiàng)“經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)可能解決窮人的一些問(wèn)題”符合文章意思，故錯(cuò)誤。A選項(xiàng)“增加了其他需求，如教育”：根據(jù)第一段倒數(shù)第二句Italsoincreasesthedemandforsuchthingsasschooling（它還增加了對(duì)教育等方面的需求），可知符合文章意思，故錯(cuò)誤。B選項(xiàng)“可能有助于政府實(shí)現(xiàn)千年發(fā)展目標(biāo)”：根據(jù)第一段第一句和第三句Somuchdataindicatetheworld’sprogresstowardsmeetingtheMillenniumDevelopmentGoals(MDGs)…Toooften,thegoalsarereducedtoworkingouthowmuchmoneyisneededtomeetaparticulartarget.（如此多的數(shù)據(jù)表明，世界在實(shí)現(xiàn)千年發(fā)展目標(biāo)（MDGs）方面取得了進(jìn)展……通常，目標(biāo)被簡(jiǎn)化為計(jì)算需要多少錢(qián)來(lái)達(dá)到一個(gè)特定的目標(biāo)。），可知符合文章意思，故錯(cuò)誤。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

27.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第二句Itisalsoclearthatwhilemoneyhelps,howitisspentandwhatitisspentonareenormouslyimportant.（同樣明顯的是，雖然錢(qián)有幫助，但如何花，花在什么地方非常重要。），這是這段的主要論點(diǎn)，老師缺勤的例子是為了證明如何花錢(qián)很重要，所以B選項(xiàng)“強(qiáng)調(diào)錢(qián)應(yīng)該花在需要的地方的重要性”正確。A選項(xiàng)“要求政府對(duì)教師實(shí)行績(jī)效工資”，C選項(xiàng)“說(shuō)明拿了相應(yīng)的工資就要做相應(yīng)的工作”和D選項(xiàng)“表明非洲國(guó)家在達(dá)到聯(lián)合國(guó)的目標(biāo)之前還有很長(zhǎng)的路要走”：不是這一段表達(dá)的重點(diǎn)，故錯(cuò)誤。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

28.觀(guān)點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)第三段最后