考研考博-英語-安徽機(jī)電職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-安徽機(jī)電職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Afterayearofarguments,preparationsforthefestivalarenow（

）smoothly.

問題1選項

A.preceding

B.processing

C.pressing

D.proceeding

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。precede“在……之前發(fā)生（或出現(xiàn)）”；process“加工，處理”；press“壓，按，推”；proceed“進(jìn)行，發(fā)生”。句意：經(jīng)過一年的協(xié)商，歡慶活動準(zhǔn)備工作現(xiàn)在正在順利進(jìn)行。選項D符合題意。

2.單選題

（

）deservestheawardwillcertainlygetit.

問題1選項

A.Whowethink

B.Whoeverwethink

C.Whoeverwethinkof

D.Whoeverdowethink

【答案】B

【解析】句意:我們認(rèn)為,不管誰應(yīng)得這個獎品,他一定會得到。

語法題?？疾橹髡Z從句引導(dǎo)詞。分析題干可知空格處為主語從句,whoever引導(dǎo)主語從句時，其意義相當(dāng)于“anyonewho”，“wethink”在這里充當(dāng)插入語,故B正確。

3.單選題

Themicroscopecan（

）theobject100timesindiameter.

問題1選項

A.magnify

B.increase

C.develop

D.multiply

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞辨析。magnify“放大，擴(kuò)大”；increase“增加”；develop“發(fā)展，開發(fā)”；multiply“增加，繁殖”。句意：顯微鏡可以把一個物體的直徑放大一百倍。A項符合題意。

4.單選題

Itiswellknownthatknowledgeisthe______conditionforexpansionofmind.

問題1選項

A.incompatible

B.incredible

C.indefinite

D.indispensable

【答案】D

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.incompatible不兼容的，互斥的B.incredible不能相信的，難以置信的

C.indefinite期限不定的，不明確的D.indispensable不可或缺的

【考查點(diǎn)】形容詞辨析。

【解題思路】由expansionofmind（開闊思路）可知，knowledgeisthe______condition應(yīng)該表示“知識是必不可少的條件”，因此，該題選擇D項正確。

【干擾項排除】A、B、C選項都不符合句意。

【句意】眾所周知，知識是開闊思路不可或缺的條件。

5.翻譯題

MOOCs(MassiveOpenOnlineCourses)arethelatestadditiontotheacronym-boundlexiconofhighereducation,andquitepossiblythemostsignificantofthemall.Theyrepresentanewgenerationofonlineeducation,freelyaccessibleontheinternetandgearedtowardsverylargestudentnumbers.

ThephenomenonhasbeenlikenedbythepresidentofStanfordUniversityto“adigitaltsunami”,threateningtosweepasideconventionaluniversityeducation.WhetherornottheriseofMOOCswillprovetowarrantsuchhyperbole,thereisnodoubtthatsomethingveryimportantishappeningintheglobalsystem,raisingprofoundquestionsabouttheverynatureandfutureofhighereducation.

【答案】答：

MOOCs（大規(guī)模開放在線課堂）是高等教育相關(guān)縮寫詞匯中的新成員，也可能是所有詞匯中最具影響力的一個。大規(guī)模開放在線課堂代表網(wǎng)絡(luò)教育的新一代，可以通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)免費(fèi)獲取，面向的學(xué)生數(shù)量非常龐大。

這一現(xiàn)象被斯坦福大學(xué)的校長比作“一場數(shù)字海嘯”，威脅著傳統(tǒng)的大學(xué)教育。不論大規(guī)模開放在線課堂的崛起是否真的會達(dá)到如此夸張的階段，有一點(diǎn)可以肯定的是全球體系內(nèi)正在發(fā)生一些重要的事情，并引發(fā)了對高等教育本質(zhì)和將來的一些疑問。

6.翻譯題

HowdoestheU.S.rankintheinternationalhuman-capitalstandings?That’satrickyquestion.OvertimetheAmericaneconomyhasshownmoredynamismandsustainedgrowththanjustaboutanyother.ButifyoulookonlyattheperformanceoftheaverageAmericanhighschoolstudentoninternationaltests,youwouldthinkitwasanationofdim-witteddullards.Whatexplainsthisparadox?Tosomeextent,theanswermustbethequalityofAmericanuniversities,whicharehighlyefficient,intenselycompetitiveandwonderfullyendowed—andwhichincreasinglyrecruitthebuststudentsfromaroundtheworld.Butuniversityprofessorsaren’tmagicians;howeverskilledtheymaybe,iftheirinputsfromhighschoolsaregarbage,theiroutputsofgraduateswillnotbemuchbetter.

【答案】美國在國際人力資本排行榜上排第幾？這是一個很棘手的問題。在過去的一段時間內(nèi)，美國經(jīng)濟(jì)比其他任何國家都表現(xiàn)出了更多活力和持續(xù)增長能力。但是如果你去關(guān)注國際比賽中美國高中生成績，你會認(rèn)為美國式一個很笨的民族。如何解釋這種矛盾。在某種程度上，問題的關(guān)鍵是美國大學(xué)的質(zhì)量，美國的大學(xué)效率高，競爭激烈，天賦異凜，而且越來越多地從世界各地招收最優(yōu)秀的學(xué)生。但是大學(xué)教師不是魔術(shù)師；無論他們水平多么高,如果高中輸入的是垃圾，他們輸出的畢業(yè)生也好不到哪去。

7.單選題

Aboutoneandahalfmillionyearsagotheclimateoftheworldbecamemuchcolder.ThisledtothecapsoficearoundtheNorthandSouth[A]Polesspreadingtocover[B]muchNorthAmericaandNorthernEurope.Suchperiodsofcoldclimatearecallediceages.Thewoollymammothlivedinnorthernpartsoftheworld[C]between300,000and100,000yearsago.ItwasafavouritepreyofStoneAgehunters,[D]whouseditscoatforclothes,andthemeatasfood.

問題1選項

A.Poles

B.much

C.between

D.who

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞用法。B選項much不能直接修飾地名，應(yīng)改為muchof。

8.單選題

Thedirectorgavemehis（

）thathewoulddoublemypayifIdidmyjobwell.

問題1選項

A.warrant

B.obligation

C.assurance

D.certainty

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項warrant“根據(jù)，證明”；B選項obligation“責(zé)任”；C選項assurance“保證，擔(dān)?！盌選項certainty“必然，確定”。句意：主管給我（）如果我工作做得好他會給我雙倍工資。根據(jù)從句后面的內(nèi)容漲雙倍工資只是一個保證，所以答案選C，A選項是指一種書面的證明，所以不能選。

9.單選題

Tounderstandthemarketingconcept,itisonlynecessarytounderstandthedifferencebetweenmarketingandselling.Nottoomanyyearsage,mostindustriesconcentratedprimarilyontheefficientproductionofgoods,andthenreliedon"persuasivesalesmanship"tomoveasmuchofthesegoodsaspossible.Suchproductionandsellingfocusesontheneedsofthesellertoproducegoodsandthenconvertthemintomoney.

Marketing,ontheotherhand,focusesonthewantsofconsumers.Itbeginswithfirstanalyzingthepreferencesanddemandsofconsumersandthenproducinggoodsthatwillsatisfythem.Thiseye-on-the-consumerapproachisknownasthemarketingconcept,whichsimplymeansthatinsteadoftryingtosellwhateveriseasiesttoproduceorbuyforresale,themakersanddealersfirsttrytofindoutwhattheconsumerwantstobuyandthengoaboutmakingitaccordingtoconsumerdemand.

Thisconceptdoesnotimplythatconsumersatisfactionisgivenpriorityoverprofitinacompany.Therearealwaystwosidestoeverybusinessactivity-thefirmandthecustomer.Eachmustbesatisfiedbeforetradeoccurs.Successfulmerchantsandproducers,however,recognizethatthesurestroutetoprofitisthroughunderstandingcustomers.Thisconcepthasbeenrecognizedinsuchslogansas"HaveItYourWay"and"You'retheBoss".Agoodexampleoftheimportanceofsatisfyingtheconsumerpresenteditselfinmid1985,whenCocaColachangedtheflavorofitsdrink.Thenon-acceptanceofthenewflavorbyasignificantportionofthepublicbroughtaboutapromptrestorationoftheClassicCoke,whichwasthenmarketedalongsidethenewKingcustomerruled!

1.Agoodknowledgeofthedifferencebetweenmarketingandsellingleadsto（）.

2.Nottoolongago,industriesfocusedon（）.

3.Theverycoreofmarketingliesin（）.

4.Asuccessfulbusinessdealcantakeplaceonlywhen（）.

5.Thelastsentenceofthepassagesuggeststhat（）.

問題1選項

A.theefficientproductionofgoods

B.aperfectcommandofsalesmanship

C.abasiccommandofthemarketingconcept

D.theconversionofgoodsintomoney

問題2選項

A.producingandsellinggoods

B.theneedsandwantsofcustomers

C.thesellingofnewproducts

D.movinggoodstothemarket

問題3選項

A.allunderstandingofconsumerneeds

B.theefficientmovementofgoods

C.developingnewwantsforconsumergoods

D.makinggoodsreadilyavailabletocustomers

問題4選項

A.thecustomerissatisfiedattheexpenseofthecompany

B.acompanymakesabigprofit

C.consumersatisfactionandcompanyprofitaregivenequalimportance

D.priorityisgiventotherequirementsofthecustomer

問題5選項

A.theconsumershouldbeallowedtodothingshisownway

B.theconsumershouldbetreatedlikeaking

C.theconsumershouldhavethefinalsayinthesellingofanyproduct

D.theconsumershouldbeadvisedonwhattobuy

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞thedifferencebetweenmarketingandselling定位至第一段:Tounderstandthemarketingconcept,itisonlynecessarytounderstandthedifferencebetweenmarketingandselling(要了解營銷概念，只有必要區(qū)分營銷和銷售的不同)，由此可知C項“營銷概念的基本掌握”正確。

2.判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞Nottoolongago定位至第二段:Nottoomanyyearsage,mostindustriesconcentratedprimarilyontheefficientproductionofgoods,andthenreliedon"persuasivesalesmanship"tomoveasmuchofthesegoodsaspossible(幾年前，大多數(shù)行業(yè)主要集中在高效生產(chǎn)的商品，然后依靠“有說服力的推銷方式”來盡可能多的銷售這些產(chǎn)品)，也就是不久前，行業(yè)集中于高效生產(chǎn)商品和銷售商品，故選A項“生產(chǎn)和銷售產(chǎn)品”。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。第二段指出:Marketing，ontheotherhand,focusesonthewantsofconsumers.Itbeginswithfirstanalyzingthepreferencesanddemandsofconsumersandthenproducinggoodsthatwillsatisfythem(另一方面，市場營銷也需要著重于消費(fèi)者的需求。它開始于首先分析消費(fèi)者的喜好和需求之后，然后生產(chǎn)產(chǎn)品，滿足他們)。因此,A項“完全理解顧客的需求”正確。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。第三段指出:Thisconceptdoesnotimplythatconsumersatisfactionisgivenpriorityoverprofitinacompany.Therearealwaystwosidestoeverybusinessactivity-thefirmandthecustomer.Eachmustbesatisfiedbeforetradeoccurs(這個概念并不意味著滿足顧客得優(yōu)先于公司利潤。每次的交易都有正反兩面，也就是在交易前必須滿足公司和消費(fèi)者各自的需求)，因此，選C項“顧客滿足和公司利潤都同等重要”。

5.判斷推理題。文章最后一句為:Thenon-acceptanceofthenewflavorbyasignificantportionofthepublicbroughtaboutapromptrestorationoftheClassicCoke,whichwasthenmarketedalongsidethenewKingcustomerruled(公眾大部分比例對新口味的不接受使得可口可樂公司快速地恢復(fù)原先的口味。然后以消費(fèi)者至上的規(guī)則銷售)。因此不難推測四個選項中，B項“對待顧客就應(yīng)該像國王一樣”正確。

10.單選題

ArapidmeansoflongdistancetransportationbecameanecessityfortheUnitedStatessettlementspreadeverfartherwestward.Theearlytrainswereimpracticalcuriosities,andforalongtimetherailroadcompaniesmetwithtroublesomemechanicalproblems.Themostseriousonesweretheconstructionofrailsabletobeartheload,andthedevelopmentofasafer,effectivestoppingsystem.

Oncetheseweresolved,therailroadwasestablishedasthebestmeansoflandtransportation.By1860stherewerethousandsofmilesorrailroadscrossingtheeasternmountainrangesandreachingwestwardtotheMississippi.Therewerealsoregionalsouthernandwesternlines.

Thehighpointinrailroadbuildingcamewiththeconstructionofthefirsttranscontinentalsystem.In1862CongressauthorizedtwowesternrailroadcompaniestobuildlinesfromNebraskawestwardandfromCaliforniaeastwardtoameetingpoint,soastocompleteatranscontinentalcrossinglinkingtheAtlanticseaboardwithPacific.TheGovernmenthelpedtherailroadsgenerouslywithmoneyandland.ActualworkonthisprojectfromCaliforniausedChineselabor,whiletheUnionPacificemployedcrewsofIrishlaborers.Thetwogroupsworkedatremarkablespeed,eachtryingtocoveragreaterdistancethantheother.In1896theymetatplacecalledPromontoryinwhatisnowthestateofUtah.Manyvisitorscamethereforthegreatoccasion.Therewerejoyouscelebrationsalloverthecountry,withparadeandtheringingofchurchbellstohonorthegreatachievement.

Therailroadwasveryimportantinencouragingwestwardmovement.Italsohelpedbuildupindustryandfanningbymovingrawmaterialsandbydistributingproductsrapidlytodistantmarkets.InlinkingtownsandpeopletooneanotherithelpedunifytheUnitedStates.

1.ThemajorproblemswithAmerica’srailroadsysteminthemid-19thcenturylayin（）.

2.Thebuildingofthefirsttranscontinentalsystem（）.

3.Thebesttitleforthispassagewouldbe（）.

4.Theconstructionofthetranscontinentalrailroadtook（）.

5.Whatmostlikelymadepeoplethinkaboutatranscontinentalrailroad?

問題1選項

A.poorqualityrailsandunreliablestoppingsystems

B.lackoffinancialsupportfordevelopment

C.limitedrailroadlines

D.lackoftranscontinentalrailroad

問題2選項

A.broughtaboutarapidgrowthofindustryandfanninginthewest

B.attractedmanyvisitorstotheconstructionsites

C.attractedlaborsformEurope

D.encouragedpeopletotravelalloverthecountry

問題3選項

A.settlementsspreadwestward

B.thecoast-to-coastrailroad:avitallink

C.Americanrailroadhistory

D.theimportanceofrailroadsintheAmericaneconomy

問題4選項

A.9years

B.7years

C.4years

D.3years

問題5選項

A.Thepossibilityofgovernmentsupportforsuchatask.

B.TheneedtoexploreUtah.

C.Theneedtoconnecttheeastcoastwiththewest.

D.Theneedtodeveloptherailroadindustryinthewest.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。由題干定位到文中第一段最后兩句話“Theearlytrainswereimpracticalcuriosities,andforalongtimetherailroadcompaniesmetwithtroublesomemechanicalproblems.Themostseriousonesweretheconstructionofrailsabletobeartheload,andthedevelopmentofasafer,effectivestoppingsystem.（早期的火車都是些不切實際的玩意，在很長一段時間里，鐵路公司都遇到了一些機(jī)械問題。最嚴(yán)重的問題是建造能承受荷載的軌道，以及開發(fā)更安全、更有效的剎車系統(tǒng)。）”，由此可知是火車鐵軌質(zhì)量不好，剎車系統(tǒng)還有待完善。A選項“鐵路質(zhì)量差，剎車系統(tǒng)不可靠”正確；B選項“缺乏對發(fā)展的財政支持”；C選項“有限鐵路線路”和D選項“缺乏橫貫大陸的鐵路”文中都沒有提到，因此A選項正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。由題干可定位到文中第三段倒數(shù)第二、三句話“In1896theymetatplacecalledPromontoryinwhatisnowthestateofUtah.Manyvisitorscamethereforthegreatoccasion.（1896年，兩組人在現(xiàn)在的猶他州的海角相遇。許多游客為了這一盛事來到那里。）”由此可知人們?yōu)榱丝磧山M工隊的相遇來到了施工現(xiàn)場。A選項“導(dǎo)致了西方工業(yè)和農(nóng)業(yè)的迅速發(fā)展”文中沒有提到；B選項“吸引了許多游客到建筑工地”正確；C選項“吸引歐洲的勞動力”和D選項“鼓勵人們到全國各地旅游”文中都沒有提到，因此B選項正確。

3.主旨大意題。本文第一段講述了早期美國鐵路遇到的問題，第二段主要講述了解決這些問題后美國鐵路路線變多，第三段主要講述了美國第一條貫穿大陸的鐵路建設(shè)，第四段主要講述該鐵路的作用，由此可知本文主要講述了美國鐵路交通的發(fā)展。A選項“西方世界殖民擴(kuò)張”；B選項“海岸到海岸的鐵路重要的連接”和D選項“鐵路在美國經(jīng)濟(jì)中的重要性”都沒有C選項“美國的鐵路歷史”更符合文章大意，因此C選項正確。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。由題干定位到文章第三段第二句話“In1862CongressauthorizedtwowesternrailroadcompaniestobuildlinesfromNebraskawestwardandfromCaliforniaeastwardtoameetingpoint,soastocompleteatranscontinentalcrossinglinkingtheAtlanticseaboardwithPacific.（1862年國會授權(quán)兩家西部鐵路公司修建從內(nèi)布拉斯加州往西和加州往東匯合的鐵路，以便建成橫穿大陸連接大西洋海岸和太平洋的十字路口。）”和第三段的倒數(shù)第三句話“In1896theymetatplacecalledPromontoryinwhatisnowthestateofUtah.（1896年，他們在現(xiàn)在的猶他州的海角相遇。）”，由此可知，該貫穿大陸的鐵路從修建到完成共花了7年時間。因此B選項正確。

5.判斷推理題。由題干定位到文章最后一段“Therailroadwasveryimportantinencouragingwestwardmovement.Italsohelpedbuildupindustryandfanningbymovingrawmaterialsandbydistributingproductsrapidlytodistantmarkets.InlinkingtownsandpeopletooneanotherithelpedunifytheUnitedStates.（這條鐵路在鼓勵西進(jìn)運(yùn)動方面起了非常重要的作用。它還通過運(yùn)輸原材料和將產(chǎn)品迅速分銷到遙遠(yuǎn)的市場，幫助建立了工業(yè)和農(nóng)業(yè)。它把城鎮(zhèn)和人們聯(lián)系在一起，幫助統(tǒng)一了美國。）”，由此可推斷出該公路是為了在全國各地建立四通八達(dá)的鐵路網(wǎng)，發(fā)展各地經(jīng)濟(jì)。A選項“政府支持這樣一項任務(wù)的可能性”與文章關(guān)系不大；B選項“探索猶他州的需要”弱化了該公路的作用；C選項“連接?xùn)|海岸和西海岸的需要。”正確；D選項“在西部發(fā)展鐵路工業(yè)的需要”文章沒有提到，因此C選項正確。

11.單選題

ThesinglebusinessofHenryThoreau,duringforty-oddyearsofeageractivitywastodiscoveraneconomycalculatedtoprovideasatisfyinglife.Hisoneconcern,whichgavetohisramblingsinConcordfieldsavalueofhighadventure,wastoexplorethetruemeaningofwealth.Asheunderstoodtheproblemofeconomics,therewerethreepossiblesolutionsopentohim:toexploithimself,toexploithisfellows,ortoreducetheproblemtoitslowestdenominator.Thefirstwasquiteimpossible—toimprisononeselfinatreadmillwhenthemorningcalledtogreatadventure.Toexploitone’sfellowsseemedtoThoreau’ssensitivesocialconscienceanevengreaterinfidelity.Freedomwithabstinenceseemedtohimbetterthanserfdomwithmaterialwell-being,andhewascontenttomovetoWaldenPondandtosetaboutthehighbusinessofliving,toconfrontonlytheessentialfactsoflifeandtoseewhatithadtoteach.Hedidnotadvocatethatothermenshouldbuildcabinsandliveisolated.Hehadnowishtodogmatizeconcerningthebestmodeofliving—eachmustsettlethatforhimself.Butthatasatisfyinglifeshouldbelived,hewasvitallyconcerned.Thestoryofhisemancipationfromthelowereconomicsistheoneromanceofhislife,andWaldenishisgreatbook.ItisabookinpraiseofliferatherthanofNature,arecordofcalculatingeconomicsthatstudiedsavinginordertospendmorelargely.Butitisabookofsocialcriticismaswell,inspiteofitsexplicitdenialofsuchapurpose.Inconsideringthetruenatureofeconomyheconcluded,withRuskin,thatthecostofathingistheamountoflifethatisrequiredinexchangeforit,immediatelyorinthelongrun.InWaldenThoreauelaboratedthetext:Theonlywealthislife.

1.ThoreaustartedanexperimentatWaldenPondwiththehopeof（

）.

2.ToThoreauthebestsolutiontotheproblemofeconomicsis（

）.

3.Thoreauholdsthatthecrucialthingforpeopletodoisto（

）.

4.InthebookWaldenallofthefollowingcanbefoundexcept（

）.

5.Thoreau’sattitudetowardsocietycanbestbecharacterizedasoneof（

）.

問題1選項

A.learninghowtolivequietly

B.writingabookonphilosophy

C.discoveringwhathumanscanlearnfromnature

D.workingoutthebestadjustmenttomateriallife.

問題2選項

A.toliveaverysimplelife

B.tobecomeself-sufficient

C.toliveinthecountry

D.toreformthesociety

問題3選項

A.haveabetterunderstandingofwhatlifemeans

B.liveharmoniouslywithnature

C.tosaveasmuchasonepossiblycan

D.tolivealifethatoneiscontentwith

問題4選項

A.thenatureofeconomy

B.themeaningoffreedom

C.thecriticismofsociety

D.Ruskin’sphilosophy

問題5選項

A.acceptance

B.avoidance

C.indifference

D.individualism

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:B

【解析】1.事實細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“WaldenPond”定位到文中“...hewascontenttomovetoWaldenPondandtosetaboutthehighbusinessofliving,toconfrontonlytheessentialfactsoflifeandtoseewhatithadtoteach.”他滿足于搬到瓦爾登湖，開始生活的崇高事業(yè)，直面生活的基本事實，看看生活能教給他什么。也就是去發(fā)現(xiàn)人類可以從大自然中學(xué)到什么。選項C符合原文。

2.事實細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵信息“theproblemofeconomics”定位到文中“Asheunderstoodtheproblemofeconomics,therewerethreepossiblesolutionsopentohim:toexploithimself,toexploithisfellows,ortoreducetheproblemtoitslowestdenominator.”隨著他對經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)問題的理解，有三種可能的解決方案擺在他面前：利用自己，利用同伴，或者讓問題回歸到最本質(zhì)的狀態(tài)。接下來闡述了前面兩種可能都是不可行的；然后解釋了“讓問題回歸到最本質(zhì)的狀態(tài)”其實就是過簡單快樂的生活，所以選項A正確。

3.事實細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)原文“Hedidnotadvocatethatothermenshouldbuildcabinsandliveisolated.Hehadnowishtodogmatizeconcerningthebestmodeofliving—eachmustsettlethatforhimself.Butthatasatisfyinglifeshouldbelived,hewasvitallyconcerned.”他不主張其他人應(yīng)該建造小木屋，過與世隔絕的生活。他不想武斷地認(rèn)為什么是最好的生活方式——每個人都必須自己解決這個問題。但他非常關(guān)心的是，我們應(yīng)該要過一種令人滿意的生活。選項D符合原文。

4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)原文最后幾句話可知：“Butitisabookofsocialcriticismaswell,...”涉及選項C；“Inconsideringthetruenatureofeconomyheconcluded,withRuskin,that...”涉及選項A和D；只有選項B沒有涉及，所以本題選B。

5.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)原文內(nèi)容可知，Thoreau滿足于搬到瓦爾登湖，過上簡單卻滿足的生活，實際上是想逃離現(xiàn)在的社會，說明他對社會是持逃避的態(tài)度，所以選項B正確。選項D含有貶義，所以選項B更恰當(dāng)。

12.單選題

Peoplewhoconsiderpaperbackpublishingarecentphenomenonoftendonotrealize（

）paperbound.

問題1選項

A.thatthedimenovelsofthe1860swere

B.thatthedimenovelswereofthe1860s

C.thereweredimenovelsofthe1860swhich

D.thatthedimenovelsofthe1860swhichwere

【答案】A

【解析】語法題。根據(jù)動詞realize和選項，可知空格中應(yīng)填入賓語從句。因為there不能充當(dāng)賓語引導(dǎo)詞，選項C可排除。根據(jù)選項的賓語從句句子結(jié)構(gòu)，可知賓語從句為主系表結(jié)構(gòu)，主語為thedimenovelsofthe1860s，werepaperbound為謂語部分。句意：認(rèn)為平裝本出版是最近的一種事物的人往往沒有意識到19世紀(jì)60年代的廉價小說就是平裝書。選項A符合題意。

13.單選題

Hewasfiredbecauseofhis（

）refusaltofolloworders.

問題1選項

A.obstinate

B.obedient

C.obsolete

D.obstructive

【答案】A

【解析】obstinate頑固的，倔強(qiáng)的；obedient服從的；obsolete廢棄的；obstructive阻礙的，妨礙的。句意：他因固執(zhí)地拒絕服從命令而被解雇了。選項A符合句意。

14.單選題

Thepromiseoffindinglong-termtechnologicalsolutionstotheproblemofworldfoodshortagesseemsdifficulttofulfill.Manyinnovationsthatwereonceheavilysupportedandpublicized,suchasfish-proteinconcentrateandproteinfromalgaegrownonpetroleumsubstrates:hassincefallenbythewayside.Theproposalsthemselvesweretechnicallyfeasible;buttheyprovedtobeeconomicallyunviableandtoyieldfoodproductsculturallyunacceptabletotheirconsumers.Recentinnovationssuchasopaque-2maize,Antarctickrill,andthewheat-ryetriticaleseemmorepromising,butitistooearlytopredicttheirultimatefate.

Onecharacteristiccommontounsuccessfulfoodinnovationshasbeenthat,evenwithextensivegovernmentsupport,theyoftenhavenotbeentechnologicallyadaptedorculturallyacceptabletothepeopleforwhomtheyhadbeendeveloped.Asuccessfulnewtechnology,therefore,mustfittheentiresocio-culturalsysteminwhichitistofindaplace.Securityofcropyield,practicalityofstorage,palatability,andcostsaremuchmoresignificantthanhadpreviouslybeenrealizedbytheadvocatesofnewtechnologies.Forexample,thebetterproteinqualityintortillasmadefromopaque-2maizewillbeofonlylimitedbenefittoafamilyonthemarginofsubsistenceifthenewmaizeisnotculturallyacceptableorismorevulnerabletoinsects.

Theadoptionofnewfoodtechnologiesdependsonmorethanthesetechnicalandculturalconsiderations;economicfactorsandgovernmentalpoliciesalsostronglyinfluencetheultimatesuccessofanyinnovation.EconomistsintheAnglo-Americantraditionhavetakentheleadininvestigatingtheeconomicsoftechnologicalinnovation.Althoughtheyexaggerateinclaimingthatprofitabilityisthekeyfactorguidingtechnicalchange—theycompletelydisregardthesubstantialeffectsofculture—theyarecorrectinstressingtheimportanceofprofits.Mosttechnologicalinnovationsinagriculturecanbellyusedonlybylargelandownersandareonlyadoptediftheseprofit-orientedbusinesspeoplebelievethattheinnovationwillincreasetheirincomes.

1.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheauthorwasabletoassessthetruthofwhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutopaque-2maize?

2.ThepassagementionsallofthefollowingasfactorsimportanttothesuccessofanewfoodcropEXCEPTthe（

）.

3.Accordingtothepassage,theuseofAntarctickrillasafoodisaninnovationwhosefutureis（

）.

4.Thefirstparagraphofthepassagebestsupportswhichofthefollowingstatements?

問題1選項

A.Itcanbestoredaseasilyasothervarietiesofmaize.

B.Itismorepopularthanthewheat-ryehybridtriticale.

C.Itproducestortillasofgreaterproteincontentthandoothervarietiesofmaize.

D.Itismoresusceptibletoinsectsthanareothervarietiesofmaize.

問題2選項

A.practicalityofstorageofthecrop

B.securityofthecropyield

C.qualityofthecrop'sprotein

D.culturalacceptabilityofthecrop

問題3選項

A.basicallygloomybutstilluncertain

B.somewhatpromisingbutverytentative

C.generallybrightandvirtuallyassured

D.tiedtotheSuccessofopaque-2maize

問題4選項

A.Toomuchpublicitycanharmthechancesforthesuccessofanewfoodinnovation.

B.Innovationsthatproduceculturallyacceptablecropswillgenerallybesuccessful.

C.Afood-productinnovationcanbetechnicallyfeasibleandstillnotbeeconomicallyviable.

D.Itisdifficulttodecidewhetherafood-productinnovationhasactuallybeenasuccess.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:D

【解析】1.判斷推理題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“thebetterproteinqualityintortillasmadefromopaque-2maizewillbeofonlylimitedbenefittoafamilyonthemarginofsubsistenceifthenewmaizeisnotculturallyacceptableorismorevulnerabletoinsects.如果這種新玉米在文化上不能被接受，或者更容易受到昆蟲的侵害，那么用不透明2型玉米制成的玉米餅所含的蛋白質(zhì)盡管質(zhì)量較好，但對處于生存邊緣的家庭所帶來的利益將是有限的?！弊髡叩闹攸c(diǎn)在于強(qiáng)調(diào)它比其他玉米品種更容易受到昆蟲的侵害，所以選項D符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)第二段的二三句“Asuccessfulnewtechnology,therefore,mustfittheentiresocio-culturalsysteminwhichitistofindaplace.Securityofcropyield,practicalityofstorage,palatability,andcostsaremuchmoresignificantthanhadpreviouslybeenrealizedbytheadvocatesofnewtechnologies.因此，一項成功的新技術(shù)必須適應(yīng)它所處的整個社會文化系統(tǒng)。作物產(chǎn)量的安全性、儲藏的實用性、風(fēng)味和成本都比以前新技術(shù)的倡導(dǎo)者所認(rèn)識到的要重要得多?！边x項A，B，D均有所提及，所以本題選C。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“Antarctickrill”定位到第一段最后一句“Recentinnovationssuchasopaque-2maize,Antarctickrill,andthewheat-ryetriticaleseemmorepromising,butitistooearlytopredicttheirultimatefate.最近的創(chuàng)新，如不透明玉米、南極磷蝦和黑小麥似乎更有希望，但現(xiàn)在預(yù)測它們的最終命運(yùn)還為時過早?！彼赃x項B符合原文。

4.判斷推理題。第一段最后一句指出“itistooearlytopredicttheirultimatefate.現(xiàn)在預(yù)測它們的最終命運(yùn)還為時過早”。選項A在文中沒有提及；選項B太過于絕對；選項C表述過于片面，只有選項D能夠全面的概括第一段的內(nèi)容，所以正確。

15.單選題

Teachingchildrentobe（

）inbothtechnologyandbasicskillslikewritingbyhandisabalancingactthatisasmuchataskforparentsasforteachers.

問題1選項

A.proficient

B.adept

C.capable

D.suitable

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。proficient意為“精通的，熟練的”，beproficientin意為“精通于，熟練掌握”；adept意為“擅長于……的”，一般指有技巧的事情；capable意為“有能力的”，常與of連用；suitable意為“合適的”，常用for連用。句意：教孩子們熟練掌握技術(shù)和基本技能，比如手寫，是一種平衡行為，對家長和教師來說都是一項任務(wù)。

16.單選題

JustafewsecondsoffrenziedpassiononthefloorofthepublicbarandthingswouldneverbethesameagainforMichelle.Itonlytookafewminutestoruinherlife.Theendofallherhopesanddreams,herchildhoodandteenageinnocence,allstrippedawaythefirstandonlytimesheeversurrenderedherselftoaman.

Noonesawithappen,butthenewsspreadfast.Itwasn’tlongbeforethewholeofBritainknewwhathadhappenedintheQueenVictoria—DirtyDen,thelandlord,haddoneitagain.Onlythistimehehadgonetoofar.

Forthemillionswhohaveagonizedwithher,Michelle’spregnancyseemsaterriblepricetopayforonemistake—alittleyouthfulstupidity.Yet,withtheincreasingnumberofteenagesinglemums,it’snotjustaproblemdreamedupforasoapopera—asactressSusanTully,whoplaysMichelle,hasdiscoveredfromhundredsofletters:It’sadilemmamanyyounggirlsface.

AsshetalksaboutMichelleandherbaby,it’seasytounderstandwhySusanhasbeensosuccessfulintherole.Eventhoughshe’sneverhadanexperiencelikeitherself,it’sonesherecognizesalltooclearlyfromwhathappenstosomeofhercontemporariesatschool.MichellemightalmostbeheryoungersisterratherthanafictionalpartinBritain’smostsuccessfulsoapopera.

Susansaysthatsheneverbecameinvolvedwithmenduringherschoolyearsbecauseofherwork.Withhertimebeingsplitequallybetweenschoolandtelevisionstudios,shewasbusylearninglineswhilehergirlfriendsweredatingboys.Whiletheywentouttodiscosandpartiesintheeveningshewasdesperatelycatchinguponherschoolwork.

“Idon’tfeelasthoughI’vemissedoutonanything,”sheinsists.“Andunlikealotofmyfriends.I’vegotplentytolookforwardto.That’swhat’ssoniceaboutmyboyfriendnow.It’sverycomfortableandthere’slotstofindoutabouteachother.”

“It’sthenthatIfeelsadforMichelle.Whensheshouldbegoingoutandhavingfun,she’shavingtoworryaboutwhethershe’sgoingtobreastfeedthebaby.She’ssadtosaygoodbyetobeingateenager.”

1.WhatevidenceistherethatMichelle’spregnancyisnotjustaproblemdreamedupforasoapopera?

2.HowdidSusanavoidthedangersthatmanyofherschoolfriendsfaced?

3.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisnottrue?

4.Whatdoestheword“l(fā)ines”inparagraph5mean?

5.Thebesttitleforthispassageis______.

問題1選項

A.Michellehasgotseverallettersfromsomeyoungpeople.

B.Michellealwayshasseveralappointmentseveryweek.

C.Susanbecameinvolvedwithmenduringherschoolyears.

D.Susanhasgotmanylettersfrompeopleinthesamesituation.

問題2選項

A.BythinkingofMichelleasheryoungersister.

B.Bydoingmanyprojectsathome.

C.ByworkinghardatschoolandattheTVstudio.

D.Bydatingherboyfriendduringherschoolyears.

問題3選項

A.SusanplayedMichellesuccessfullyinasoapopera.

B.Michelle’scaseisnotrareintheBritishschools.

C.Girlsshouldnotyieldthemselvestoamaneasily.

D.Susanshouldhavetakenpartindiscosandpartiesinherschoolyears.

問題4選項

A.Directionofacourse.

B.Wordsspokenbyanactor.

C.Threadforhangingclothes.

D.Telephoneconnection.

問題5選項

A.SorryforSusanTully

B.SorryforMichelle

C.Susan’sSchoolYears

D.Susan’sHopesandDreams

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:B

【解析】1.客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干可以定位到文章第三段第二句Yet,withtheincreasingnumberofteenagesinglemums,it’snotjustaproblemdreamedup