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書山有路勤為徑,學海無涯苦作舟!住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-哈爾濱石油學院考試押題卷含答案詳解(圖片大小可自由調(diào)整)全文為Word可編輯,若為PDF皆為盜版,請謹慎購買!第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共100題)1.單選題

Goodthingsaredividedintothreeclasses:(1)externalgoods,(2)goodsofthesoul,and(3)goodsofthebody.Ofthese,wecallthegoodspertainingtothesoulgoodsinthehighestandfullestsense.Butinspeakingof“soul”,werefertooursoul’sactionsandactivities.Thus,ourdefinitionofgoodtallieswiththisopinionwhichhasbeencurrentforalongtimeandtowhichphilosopherssubscribe.Wearealsorightindefiningtheendasconsistingofactionsandactivities;forinthiswaytheendisincludedamongthegoodsofthesoulandnotamongexternalgoods.

Alsotheviewthatahappymanliveswellandfareswellfitsinwithourdefinition:forwehaveallbutdefinedhappinessasakindofgoodlifeandwell-being.

Moreover,thecharacteristicswhichonelooksforinhappinessareallincludedinourdefinition.Forsomepeoplethinkthathappinessisavirtue,othersthatitispracticalwisdom,othersthatitissomekindoftheoreticalwisdom;othersagainbelieveittobeallorsomeoftheseaccompaniedby,ornotdevoidof,pleasure;andsomepeoplealsoincludeexternalprosperityinitsdefinition.

1.Accordingtothepassage,thegreatestgoodsarethosethat().

2.Theword“tallies”inline4means().

3.Theauthor’sdefinitionofhappinessinparagraph2isrelatedtothedefinitionofgoodinthat().

4.Theauthor’smainpurposeinthelastparagraphisto().

問題1選項

A.createprosperity

B.arespiritual

C.areintellectual

D.createhappiness

問題2選項

A.keepscount

B.records

C.labels

D.corresponds

問題3選項

A.livingagoodlifewillbringyouhappiness

B.happinessisthesameasgoodness

C.happinessisoftensacrificedtoattainthegood

D.allthingsthatcreatehappinessaregoodthings

問題4選項

A.showthatdifferentpeoplehavedifferentdefinitionsofhappiness

B.provideguidelinesforgoodbehavior

C.provethathisdefinitionofhappinessisvalid

D.explainrelationshipbetweenhappinessandgoodness

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:C

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)文章第一段,“wecallthegoodspertainingtothesoulgoodsinthehighestandfullestsense.”,我們把與靈魂相關(guān)的美好事物稱為最高的意義??膳袛喑鲎詈玫氖挛锞褪蔷裆系拿篮?。選項B符合題意。

2.詞義題。根據(jù)文章第一段,“…thisopinionwhichhasbeencurrentforalongtimeandtowhichphilosopherssubscribe.”,這樣的觀點已經(jīng)流行了很長一段時間,并且哲學家們也贊成??膳袛喑鑫覀儗τ诿篮玫亩x符合這一觀點。keepscount“計數(shù)”,record“記錄”,label“標記”;correspond“符合,一致”。選項D符合題意。

3.判斷推理題。根據(jù)文章第二段,“forwehaveallbutdefinedhappinessasakindofgoodlifeandwell-being.”,我們幾乎把幸福定義為一種美好的生活和幸福。可推斷出生活和幸福的聯(lián)系為:美好的生活會帶來幸福。選項A符合題意。

4.作者意圖題。根據(jù)文章最后一段,“thecharacteristicswhichonelooksforinhappinessareallincludedinourdefinition.”,一個人對幸福特征的觀念都包含在我們的定義中??芍髡邔ψ约旱亩x是持堅定態(tài)度。下文繼續(xù)列舉了人們對幸福的種種定義,可推斷出作者在最后一段證明他對幸福的定義是正確的。選項C符合題意。

2.單選題

問題1選項

A.Totakeacoupleofdaysoff.

B.Totakesomesleepingpills.

C.Tofollowtheman’sadvice.

D.Tostopcomplaining.

【答案】C

【解析】13.W:IsthereanythingelseIcandotohelpmesleepatnight?ShouldIstayhomefromwork?

M:That’snotnecessary.Justremembertostaycalm.Don’tworrysomuchaboutthingsatwork.JustdoasIsaid,andyou’llsleepwell.

Q:Whatisthewomanexpectedtodo?

【試題答案】C

【試題解析】事實細節(jié)題。題干為:這個女士需要做什么?由文中“JustdoasIsaid,andyou’llsleepwell.(照我說的話去做,你可以睡個好覺)”,可知C選項“Tofollowtheman’sadvice(遵從男士的建議;醫(yī)囑)”符合原文。A選項“休息幾天”;B選項“吃幾片安眠藥”;D選項“停止抱怨”不符合原文。

3.單選題

Planeskeepintouchwiththecontroltower().

問題1選項

A.ontheradio

B.byradio

C.overtheradio

D.bytheradio

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞組辨析。ontheradio“在廣播中”;byradio“用無線電”。句意:飛機用無線電與控制塔保持聯(lián)系。只有B項符合句意。

4.單選題

)everdevelopedwascelluloid,acombinationofnaturalcamphorandcellulosenitrate.

問題1選項

A.Thefirstplasticand

B.Beingthefirstplastic

C.Thefirstplastic

D.Itwasthefirstplastic

【答案】C

【解析】考查主語。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu),已有謂語動詞was,缺少主語,因此選C。

句意:首先開發(fā)的是賽璐珞,一種天然樟腦和硝酸纖維素的混合物。

5.單選題

Thesupplyofapplesexceedsthe()thisyear.

問題1選項

A.request

B.claim

C.requirement

D.demand

【答案】D

【解析】句意:今年的蘋果供不應求。supply供給對應demand需求。選項D更符合。

6.單選題

Alanisagoodfootballplayerandneverbreaks______.

問題1選項

A.legal

B.regulations

C.limitation

D.agreement

【答案】B

【解析】【試題解析】考查詞義辨析。A選項legal“法律的;合法的”;B選項regulations“規(guī)則,法規(guī)”;C選項limitation“起限制作用的規(guī)則(limitationsonimports進口限制)”;D選項agreement“協(xié)定,協(xié)議”。句意:艾倫是一個優(yōu)秀的足球運動員,從不違反______。根據(jù)語境,這里指的是艾倫從不違反足球比賽的規(guī)則,B選項regulations“規(guī)則”符合題意。C選項limitation強調(diào)的是限制,不符合語境。因此B選項正確。

7.單選題

Afteryou’vestartedtomasterthetechniques,therealstruggleisjustbeginning.It’s(

)thatmakesyougreat.

問題1選項

A.persistence

B.insistence

C.continuation

D.mentality

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:當你開始掌握技術(shù)后,真正的斗爭才開始。讓你變得偉大的是堅持。persistence“堅持不懈”;insistence“堅持,強調(diào)”;continuation“繼續(xù)”;mentality“心態(tài)”。根據(jù)句意,選項A符合題意。

8.單選題

Itisallverywelltoblametrafficjams,thecostofpetrolandthequickpaceofmodernlife,butmannersontheroadsarebecominghorrible.Youmighttoleratetherudeandinconsideratedrivers,butnowadaysthewell-manneredmotorististheexceptiontotherule.Perhapsthesituationcallsfora“BeKindtoOtherDrivers'"campaign,otherwise,itmaygetcompletelyoutofhand.

34.Roadpolitenessisnotonlygoodmanners,butgoodsensetoo.Ittakesthemostcool-headedandgood-temperedofdriverstoresistthetemptationtorevengewhensubjectedtouncivilizedbehaviors.Ontheotherhand,alittlepolitenessgoesalongwaytowardsrelievingthetensionsofmotoring.Afriendlynodorawaveofacknowledgmentinresponsetoanactofpolitenesshelpstocreateanatmosphereofgoodwillandtolerancesonecessaryinmoderntrafficconditions.Butsuchacknowledgmentsofpolitenessarealltooraretoday.Manydriversnowadaysdon’tevenseemabletorecognizepolitenesswhentheyseeit.

However,improperpolitenesscanalsobedangerous.Atypicalexampleisthedriverwhowavesachildacrossacrossingintothepathofoncomingvehiclesthatmaybeunabletoslopintime.Thesamegoesforencouragingoldladiestocrosstheroadwhereverandwhenevertheycareto.

Aveterandriver,whosemannersarefaultless,toldmeitwouldhelpifmotoristslearntofiltercorrectlyintotrafficstreamswithoutcausingthetotalblockagesthatgiverisetobadtemper.Unfortunately,modernmotoristscan’tevenlearntodriveletalonebewell-manneredontheroad.Yearsagotheexpertswarnedusthatthecar-ownershipexplosionwoulddemandalotmoregive-and-takefromallroadusers.Itishightimeforallofustotakethismessagetoheart.

1.Accordingtothispassage,troublesontheroadareprimarilycausedby().

2.Thesentence“Youmighttoleratetherudeandinconsideratedriver,butnowadaysthewellmanneredmotorististheexceptiontotherule”impliesthat().

3.By“goodsense’’(Paragraph2),thewritermeans().

4.Expertshavelongpointedoutthatinthefaceofcar-ownershipexplosion().

5.Inthewriter’sopinion().

問題1選項

A.people’sattitudetowardsdrivers

B.therhythmofmodernlife

C.trafficconditions

D.thebehaviorofthedriver

問題2選項

A.oursocietyisunjusttowardswell-manneredmotorists

B.rudedrierscanbemetonlyoccasionally

C.nowadaysimpolitedriversconstitutethemajorityofmotorists

D.thewell-manneredmotoristcannottoleratetherudedriver

問題3選項

A.thedriver’spromptresponsetodifficultconditions

B.thedriver'sabilitytounderstandandreactreasonably

C.thedriver’stoleranceofhadroadconditions

D.thedriver’sacknowledgmentofpolitenessandregulations

問題4選項

A.riversshouldbereadytoyieldtoonanother

B.roadusersshouldmakemoresacrifices

C.driversshouldhavemorecommunicationamongthemselves

D.driverswillsufferagreatlossiftheypaynorespecttoothers

問題5選項

A.driversshouldapplyroadpolitenessproperly

B.stricttrafficregulationsarebadlyneeded

C.rudeandinconsideratedriversshouldbepunished

D.driversshouldtrytheirbesttoavoidtrafficjams

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:A

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。由第一段Itisallverywelltoblametrafficjams,thecostofpetrolandthequickpaceofmodernlife,butmannersontheroadsarebecominghorrible.Youmighttoleratetherudeandinconsideratedrivers,butnowadaysthewell-manneredmotorististheexceptiontotherule.將這一切歸咎于交通堵塞、汽油價格和現(xiàn)代生活的快節(jié)奏是很有道理的,但道路上的禮儀正變得可怕。你可能會容忍粗魯和不顧他人的司機,但現(xiàn)在有禮貌的司機是個例外??芍髡哒J為交通阻塞是由于司機的不良行為造成的,故D項正確。

2.推理判斷題。Youmighttoleratetherudeandinconsideratedriver,butnowadaysthewellmanneredmotorististheexceptiontotherule.你可能會容忍粗魯和不顧他人的司機,但現(xiàn)在有禮貌的司機是例外。這句話的言外之意就是當今不禮貌的司機占大多數(shù)。故C項正確。

3.推理判斷題。Roadpolitenessisnotonlygoodmanners,butgoodsensetoo.Ittakesthemostcool-headedandgood-temperedofdriverstoresistthetemptationtorevengewhensubjectedtouncivilizedbehaviors.Ontheotherhand,alittlepolitenessgoesalongwaytowardsrelievingthetensionsofmotoring.Afriendlynodorawaveofacknowledgmentinresponsetoanactofpolitenesshelpstocreateanatmosphereofgoodwillandtolerancesonecessaryinmoderntrafficconditions.道路禮貌不僅是禮貌,也是良好的感覺。它讓頭腦最冷靜、脾氣最好的司機,在遭遇不文明行為時,也要抵制住報復的誘惑。另一方面,一點點禮貌就能大大緩解開車時的緊張情緒。對禮貌行為的友好點頭或招手有助于創(chuàng)造友好和寬容的氛圍,這在現(xiàn)代交通條件下是非常必要的。由此下文可知goodsense是指司機對于禮貌行為合理地理解并作出回應的能力。故B項正確。

4.推理判斷題。由最后一段“Yearsagotheexpertswarnedusthatthecar-ownershipexplosionwoulddemandalotmoregive-and-takefromallroadusers.Itishightimeforallofustotakethismessagetoheart.幾年前,專家們警告我們,汽車擁有量的激增將要求所有道路使用者進行更多的互讓?,F(xiàn)在是我們所有人牢記這一信息的時候了。”可知在汽車不斷增多的情況下,要求道路使用者互讓。故A項正確。

5.主旨大意題。本文主要講述了隨著汽車數(shù)量激增,加之司機的不禮貌的行為導致道路阻塞的情況很嚴重,作者呼吁司機應該要有禮貌,并對禮貌行為做出適當回應。

9.單選題

UrbanmotorwayshaveprovednosolutiontoBritain’s______trafficcongestion—indeedsomesaytheyhavemadeitworse.

問題1選項

A.abundant

B.adamant

C.sticky

D.chronic

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項abundant“大量的,充裕的”;B選項adamant“堅決的”;C選項sticky“難辦的,棘手的”;D選項chronic“長期的,難以治愈(或根除)的”。句意:事實證明,城市高速公路并不能解決英國______的交通擁堵問題——事實上,有的人說,城市高速公路讓情況更糟了。橫線處修飾trafficcongestion“交通擁堵問題”,交通擁堵問題不是短時間形成和解決的,沒有提到會帶來很嚴重的后果,需要立刻解決,不至于棘手,D選項chronic“長期的,難以治愈(或根除)的”符合題意。因此D選項正確。

10.單選題

Coca-Cola,whichsold10billioncasesofsoftdrinksin1992,nowfindsitselfasking,wherewillsalesofthenext10billioncasescomefrom?Theanswerliesoverseas,whereincomelevelsandappetitesforWesternproductsareatanall-timehigh.Often,thecompanythatgetsintoaforeignmarketearliestdominatesthatcountry’smarket.CokepatriarchRobertWoodruffrealizedthisandunleashedabrilliantploytomakeCoketheearlybirdinmanyofthemajorforeignmarkets.AttheheightofWorldWar11,Woodruffproclaimed,“WhereverAmericanboyswerefighting,they’dbeabletogetaCoke.”BythetimePepsitriedtomakeitsfirstinternationalpitchinthe1950s,Cokehadestablisheditsbrandnamealongwithapowerfuldistributionnetwork.Duringthelast40years,manynewmarketshaveemerged.Inordertotapintotheseopportunities,bothCokeandPepsihaveattemptedtofindwaystocutthroughtheredtapethatthwartstheireffortstoconductbusinessinthesenewregions.Onekeymaneuverinthesodawarsoccurredin1972,whenPepsisignedanagreementwiththeSovietUnionthatmadeitthefirstWesternproducttobesoldtoconsumersinRussia.ThislandmarkagreementgavePepsitheupperhand.Atpresent,Pepsihas23plantsintheformerSovietUnionandistheleaderinthesoft-drinkindustryinRussia.ItoutsellsCoca-Colabyaratioof6to1andisseenthereasalocalbrand,similartoCoke’shome-grownreputationinJapan.However,Pepsihasalsoencounteredsomeobstacles.AnexpectedincreaseinbrandloyaltyforPepsisubsequenttoitsadvertisingblitzinRussiahasnotmaterialized,eventhoughPepsiproducedcommercialstailoredtotheRussianmarketandsponsoredtelevisedconcerts.SomeanalystsbelievethatPepsi’sdominationoftheRussianmarkethasmoretodowithpricing.WhilePepsisellsfor250Rubels(about25cents)abottle,Coca-Colasellsfor450Rubels.Likewise,Pepsisellstheir2litereconomybottlefor1,300Rubels,whileCoca-Cola’s1.5litersismarketedat1,800Rubels.Ontheotherhand,Coca-ColaonlymadeitsfirstinroadsintoRussia2yearsago.What’smore,althoughCoca-Cola’sbottleandlabelgaveitahigh-classimage,RussiansdonotperceiveCoca-ColaasapremiumbrandintheRussianmarket.Consequently,ithassofarbeenunabletocaptureamarketshare.

1.Accordingtothepassage,allofthefollowinghavebeenusedtoattractcustomerstobuyoneofthetwobrandsofsoftdrinkmentionedinthepassageEXCEPT().

2.ThepassagesuggestswhichofthefollowingabouttheRussiansoftdrinkmarket?

3.Theprimarypurposeofthepassageisto().

4.Thebestdefinitionof“materialized”whichisunderlinedinthepassageshouldbe“()”.

問題1選項

A.offeringsoftdrinksforalimitedtimeatspeciallyreducedprices

B.beingthefirstcountrytoenteraforeignmarket

C.designingabottleandlebeltocreateahigh-classimage

D.staginganadvertisingblitzincludingcommercialstailoredtothelocalmarket

問題2選項

A.PriceisanunimportantfactorintheRussiansoftdrinkmarket.

B.Russianconsumersaremorelikelytopurchaseinternationalsoftdrinks.

C.TheRussiansoftdrinkmarketissaturatedwithlocalbrands.

D.Twolitereconomybottlesaremoremarketablethanoneandahalflitereconomybottles,ifsoldatalowerprice.

問題3選項

A.reviewthemarketinghistoryoftwosoftdrinkgiants

B.contrasttwodifferentapproachestomarketingsoftdrinksintheglobalmarket

C.refutethetraditionalexplanationforPepsi’ssuccessintheRussiansoftdrinkmarket

D.comparehowwelltwosoftdrinkcompanieshavesucceededinaforeignmarket

問題4選項

A.mattered

B.happened

C.fulfilled

D.marketed.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:D

第4題:C

【解析】第1題:1.【選項釋義】

1.Accordingtothepassage,allofthefollowinghavebeenusedtoattractcustomerstobuyoneofthetwobrandsofsoftdrinkmentionedinthepassageEXCEPT______.1.根據(jù)這篇文章,除了______,下面所有的東西都被用來吸引顧客購買文章中提到的兩個品牌中的一個。

A.offeringsoftdrinksforalimitedtimeatspeciallyreducedpricesA.在有限時間內(nèi)以特別優(yōu)惠的價格提供軟飲料

B.beingthefirstcountrytoenteraforeignmarketB.成為第一個進入國外市場的國家

C.designingabottleandlabeltocreateahigh-classimageC.設(shè)計一個瓶子和標簽,創(chuàng)造一個高級形象

D.staginganadvertisingblitzincludingcommercialstailoredtothelocalmarketD.進行廣告閃電戰(zhàn),包括為當?shù)厥袌隽可矶ㄖ频纳虡I(yè)廣告

【考查點】事實細節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第三句和倒數(shù)第四句“百事可樂每瓶售價250盧布,約合25美分,而可口可樂每瓶售價450盧布。同樣,百事可樂的2升經(jīng)濟瓶售價為1300盧布,而可口可樂的1.5升經(jīng)濟瓶售價為1800盧布?!笨芍?,文中提到了百事和可口可樂在價格上采用戰(zhàn)略吸引顧客,但是A項“在有限時間內(nèi)以特別優(yōu)惠的價格提供軟飲料”中的“有限時間”并沒有體現(xiàn),所以該項與原文不符,但符合題干。故該題選擇A項正確。

【干擾項排除】

B項“成為第一個進入國外市場的國家”,根據(jù)第二和第三句“通常,最早進入國外市場的公司會主導該國的市場??煽诳蓸饭镜膭?chuàng)始人羅伯特?伍德拉夫意識到了這一點,并推出了一個聰明的策略,使可口可樂成為許多主要海外市場的‘早起鳥’”可知,該項符合原文,屬于反向干擾;

C項“設(shè)計一個瓶子和標簽,創(chuàng)造一個高級形象”,根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二句“……可口可樂的瓶子和標簽給了它一個高級的形象……”可知,該項符合原文,屬于反向干擾;

D項“進行廣告閃電戰(zhàn),包括為當?shù)厥袌隽可矶ㄖ频纳虡I(yè)廣告”,根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第七句“盡管百事公司為俄羅斯市場制作了量身定制的商業(yè)廣告,并贊助了電視音樂會……”可知,該項也符合原文,屬于反向干擾。

第2題:2.【選項釋義】

2.ThepassagesuggestswhichofthefollowingabouttheRussiansoftdrinkmarket?2.這篇文章暗示了關(guān)于俄羅斯軟飲料市場的下列哪一種情況?

A.PriceisanunimportantfactorintheRussiansoftdrinkmarket.A.在俄羅斯軟飲料市場,價格是一個不重要的因素。

B.Russianconsumersaremorelikelytopurchaseinternationalsoftdrinks.B.俄羅斯消費者更有可能購買國際軟飲料。

C.TheRussiansoftdrinkmarketissaturatedwithlocalbrands.C.俄羅斯軟飲料市場充斥著本土品牌。

D.Twolitereconomybottlesaremoremarketablethanoneandahalflitereconomybottles,ifsoldatalowerprice.D.如果以更低的價格出售,2升經(jīng)濟瓶比1.5升經(jīng)濟瓶更有銷路。

【考查點】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)原文倒數(shù)第四句“百事可樂的2升經(jīng)濟瓶售價為1300盧布,而可口可樂的1.5升經(jīng)濟瓶售價為1800盧布”,從中可推斷,如果降價出售,2升的經(jīng)濟裝比1.5升的經(jīng)濟裝更有銷路,所以D項正確。

【干擾項排除】

A項“在俄羅斯軟飲料市場,價格是一個不重要的因素”根據(jù)解題思路可知,該項與原文相反,屬于反向干擾;

B項“俄羅斯消費者更有可能購買國際軟飲料”沒有提到,無中生有;

C項“俄羅斯軟飲料市場充斥著本土品牌”,文中只提到“百事在俄羅斯的銷量是可口可樂的6倍,被視為本土品牌”,但是并沒有提到俄羅斯充斥著本土的軟飲料品牌,該項曲解原文。

第3題:3.【選項釋義】

3.Theprimarypurposeofthepassageisto______.3.文章的主要目的是______。

A.reviewthemarketinghistoryoftwosoftdrinkgiantsA.回顧兩大軟飲料巨頭的營銷歷史

B.contrasttwodifferentapproachestomarketingsoftdrinksintheglobalmarketB.對比兩種在全球市場營銷軟飲料的不同的方法

C.refutethetraditionalexplanationforPepsi’ssuccessintheRussiansoftdrinkmarketC.駁斥了百事在俄羅斯軟飲料市場成功的傳統(tǒng)解釋

D.comparehowwelltwosoftdrinkcompanieshavesucceededinaforeignmarketD.比較兩家軟飲料公司在國外市場的成功程度

【考查點】主旨大意題。

【解題思路】通讀全文可知,文章介紹了兩個品牌公司,即可口可樂和百事在國外市場中的營銷,原文描述了這兩種品牌公司是如何在國外市場相互競爭并取得優(yōu)勢的,所以推測,文章的主要目的是為了比較這兩家品牌公司在海外市場的成功度,D項符合題意。

【干擾項排除】A項“回顧兩大軟飲料巨頭的營銷歷史”、B項“對比兩種在全球市場營銷軟飲料的不同的方法”和C項“駁斥了百事在俄羅斯軟飲料市場成功的傳統(tǒng)解釋”雖然在文中都有體現(xiàn),但是并不能概括文章的目的,屬于以偏概全。

第4題:4.【選項釋義】

4.Thebestdefinitionof“materialized”whichisunderlinedinthepassageshouldbe“______”.4.文中劃線部分中“materialized”的最佳定義應為“______”。

A.matteredA.事關(guān)緊要

B.happenedB.發(fā)生

C.fulfilledC.履行,實現(xiàn)

D.marketedD.促銷,營銷

【考查點】詞義推測題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干定位至原文倒數(shù)第七句“盡管百事為俄羅斯市場制作了量身定制的廣告,并贊助了電視轉(zhuǎn)播的音樂會,在俄羅斯展開廣告攻勢后,該公司的品牌忠誠度預計將有所提高,但這一目標并未materialized”,從中可知,百事制作量身定制的廣告并贊助電視轉(zhuǎn)播的音樂會是為了提高公司的品牌忠誠度,但是這并沒有實現(xiàn),所以推測materialized在文中表示“實現(xiàn)”,這與C項“履行,實現(xiàn)”相符合。故該題選擇C項正確。

【干擾項排除】A項“事關(guān)緊要”、B項“發(fā)生”和D項“促銷,營銷”根據(jù)解題思路可知,這三項都曲解原文。

11.單選題

Youmay(

)earlyasyouhavetocatchanearlytraintomorrow.

問題1選項

A.remain

B.reverse

C.retreat

D.retire

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞辨析。remain意為“保留”;reverse意為“顛倒,翻轉(zhuǎn)”;retreat意為“撤退,離開”;retire意為“退休”。

句意:你可能要早點離開了,因為你明早還要去趕火車。

12.單選題

Tendaysagotheyoungmaninformedhisbossofhisintentionto______.

問題1選項

A.resign

B.reject

C.retreat

D.replace

【答案】A

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.resign辭職,辭去(某職務(wù))B.reject拒絕接受;不予考慮

C.retreat退卻;撤退D.replace代替,取代

【答案】A

【考查點】動詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)關(guān)鍵信息informedhisboss(通知了他的老板)可推知,空格處表示“辭職”符合句意,該題選擇A項。

【干擾項排除】B、C、D項不符合句意。

【句意】10天前,這個年輕人告訴他的老板他打算辭職。

13.單選題

Navigationcomputers,nowsoldbymostcar-makers,cost$2,000andup.Nosurprise,then,thattheyaremostoftenfoundinluxurycarslikeLexus,BMWandAudi.Butitisadevelopingtechnology—meaningpricesshouldeventuallydrop—andthemarketdoesseemtobegrowing.

Evenatcurrentprices,anavigationcomputerisimpressive.Itcanguideyoufrompointtopointinmostmajorcitieswithpreciseturn-by-turndirections—spokenbyaclearhumansoundingvoice,andwrittenonascreeninfrontofthedriver.

Thecomputerworkswithanantennathattakessignalsfromnofewerthanthreeofthe24globalpositioningsystem(GPS)satellites.Bymeasuringthetimerequiredforasignaltotravelbetweenthesatellitesandtheantenna,thecarslocationcanbepinneddownwithin100meters.

Thesatellitesignals,alongwithinputsonspeedfromawheel-speedsensoranddirectionfromameter,determinethecarspositionevenasitmoves.Thisinformationiscombinedwithamapdatabase.Streets,landmarksandpointsofinterestareincluded.

Mostsystemsarebasicallyidentical.Thedifferencescomeinhardware—thewaythecomputeracceptsthedriver’srequestfordirectionsandthewayitpresentsthedrivinginstructions.Onmostsystems,adriverentersadesiredaddress,motorwayjunctionorpointofinterestviaatouchscreenordisc.ButtheLexusscreengoesastepfurther:youcanpointtoanyspotonthemapscreenandgetdirectionstoit.BMWSsystemoffersasetofcrosshairsthatcanbemovedacrossthemap(youhaveseveralchoicesofmapscale)topickapointyou’dliketogetto.Audi’sscreencanbeswitchedtoTVreception.

Eventhevoicesthatrecitethedirectionscandiffer,withbettersystemslikeBMWSandLexus’shavingawidervocabulary.TheinstructionsareavailableinFrench,German,Spanish,DutchandItalianaswellasEnglish.Thedrivercanalsochooseparametersfordeterminingtheroute:fastest,shortestornofreeways,forexample.

21.Welearnfromthepassagethatnavigationcomputers______.

22.Withanavigationcomputer,adriverwilleasilyfindthebestroutetohisdestination______.

23.Despitetheirvarieddesigns,navigationcomputersusedincars______.

24.Thenavigationcomputerfunctions______.

25.ThenavigationsystemsinLexus,BMWandAudiarementionedtoshow______.

問題1選項

A.willgreatlypromotesalesofautomobiles

B.mayhelpsolvepotentialtrafficproblems

C.arelikelytobeacceptedbymoredrivers

D.willsoonbeviewedasasymbolofluxury

問題2選項

A.byinputtingtheexactaddress

B.byindicatingthelocationofhiscar

C.bycheckinghiscomputerdatabase

D.bygivingvocalorderstothecomputer

問題3選項

A.aremoreorlessthesameprice

B.providedirectionsinmuchthesameway

C.workonmoreorlessthesameprinciples

D.receiveinstructionsfromthesamesatellites

問題4選項

A.bymeansofadirectionfinderandaspeeddetector

B.basicallyonsatellitesignalsandamapdatabase

C.mainlythroughthereceptionofturn-by-turndirections

D.byusingascreentodisplaysatellitesignals

問題5選項

A.theimmaturityofthenewtechnology

B.thesuperiorityoftheglobalpositioningsystem

C.thecauseofpricefluctuationsincarequipment

D.thedifferentwaysofprovidingguidancetothedriver

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】21.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】推理判斷題。文章開頭說到Navigationcomputers,nowsoldbymostcar-makers,cost$2,000andup…Butitisadevelopingtechnology—meaningpricesshouldeventuallydrop—andthemarketdoesseemtobegrowing.(目前大多數(shù)汽車制造商都在銷售的導航電腦,售價在2000美元以上……但這是一項發(fā)展中的技術(shù)——這意味著價格最終應該會下降——而且市場似乎確實在增長。),接下來介紹了導航電腦的各種功能和優(yōu)勢,說明導航電腦可能會被越來越多的司機使用。因此C選項“有可能被更多的司機接受”正確。A選項“將極大地促進汽車的銷售”,B選項“可能有助于解決潛在的交通問題”,D選項“很快就會被視為奢侈品的象征”在文中均沒有提及,所以A,B,D錯誤。

22.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】客觀細節(jié)題。由題干可以定位到文章第五段第三句Onmostsystems,adriverentersadesiredaddress,motorwayjunctionorpointofinterestviaatouchscreenordisc.(在大多數(shù)系統(tǒng)中,駕駛員通過觸摸屏或磁盤輸入一個想要的地址、高速公路交叉點或興趣點。),說明有了導航電腦,司機可以通過輸入準確的地址從而很容易地找到通往目的地的最佳路線。因此A選項“通過輸入準確的地址”正確。B選項“通過表明自己的車的位置”,C選項“通過檢查他的電腦數(shù)據(jù)庫”,D選項“通過向電腦發(fā)出聲音指令”均不符合題意,所以B,C,D錯誤。

23【試題答案】C

【試題解析】客觀細節(jié)題。由題干可以定位到文章第五段第一句Mostsystemsarebasicallyidentical.Thedifferencescomeinhardware—thewaythecomputeracceptsthedriver’srequestfordirectionsandthewayitpresentsthedrivinginstructions.(大多數(shù)系統(tǒng)基本上是相同的。不同之處在于硬件——電腦接受司機的方向請求的方式,以及顯示駕駛指令的方式。),說明盡管汽車上使用的導航電腦設(shè)計各異,但它們的工作系統(tǒng)基本相同。因此C選項“工作原理大致相同”正確。A選項“價格大同小異”,原文沒有介紹它們價格上的異同,所以A錯誤。B選項“以同樣的方式提供導航”,由原文可知,不同品牌的汽車提供導航的方式不同,所以B錯誤。D選項“接收來自同一衛(wèi)星的指令”,由原文可知,汽車導航接收的信號來自很多顆衛(wèi)星,所以D錯誤。

24.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】客觀細節(jié)題。由題干可以定位到文章第四段Thesatellitesignals,alongwithinputsonspeedfromawheel-speedsensoranddirectionfromameter,determinethecarspositionevenasitmoves.Thisinformationiscombinedwithamapdatabase.Streets,landmarksandpointsofinterestareincluded.(衛(wèi)星信號,連同來自輪速傳感器的速度輸入和來自儀表的方向輸入,可以在汽車移動時確定汽車的位置。這一信息與地圖數(shù)據(jù)庫相結(jié)合,包括街道、地標和景點。),說明汽車導航電腦的功能依靠衛(wèi)星信號和地圖數(shù)據(jù)庫來實現(xiàn)。因此B選項“基本上依靠衛(wèi)星信號和地圖數(shù)據(jù)庫”正確。A選項“通過方向探測儀和速度探測儀來實現(xiàn)”,C選項“主要是通過接收轉(zhuǎn)彎方向的指示”,D選項“通過使用屏幕顯示衛(wèi)星信號”均不符合題意,所以A,C,D錯誤。

25.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章第五段ButtheLexusscreengoesastepfurther:youcanpointtoanyspotonthemapscreenandgetdirectionstoit.BMWSsystemoffersasetofcrosshairsthatcanbemovedacrossthemap(youhaveseveralchoicesofmapscale)topickapointyou’dliketogetto.Audi’sscreencanbeswitchedtoTVreception.(但雷克薩斯的屏幕更進了一步:你可以指向地圖屏幕上的任何一個點,并獲得去那里的方向。寶馬系統(tǒng)提供了一組十字準線,可以在地圖上移動,你有幾個地圖比例的選擇,以選擇一個你想去的點。奧迪的屏幕可以切換到電視接收。),舉雷克薩斯、寶馬、奧迪導航系統(tǒng)的例子是為了說明前文提到的Thedifferencescomeinhardware—thewaythecomputeracceptsthedriver’srequestfordirectionsandthewayitpresentsthedrivinginstructions.(不同之處在于硬件——電腦接受司機的方向請求的方式,以及顯示駕駛指令的方式。),說明不同品牌的汽車提供導航的方式不同。因此D選項“對駕駛員進行指導的不同方式”正確。A選項“新技術(shù)的不成熟性”,B選項“全球定位系統(tǒng)的優(yōu)越性”,C選項“汽車設(shè)備價格波動的原因”在文中均沒有提及,所以A,B,C錯誤。

14.單選題

Oneargumentusedtosupporttheideathatemploymentwillcontinuetobethedominantformofwork,andthatemploymentwilleventuallybecomeavailableforallwhowantit,isthatworkingtimewillcontinuetofall.Peopleinjobswillworkfewerhoursintheday,fewerdaysintheweek,fewerweeksintheyear,andfeweryearsinalifetime,thantheydonow.Thiswillmeanthatmorejobswillbeavailableformorepeople.This,itissaid,isthewayweshouldsetaboutrestoringfullemployment.

Thereisnodoubtthatsomethingofthiskindwillhappen.Theshorterworkingweek,longerholidays,earlierretirement,job-sharing—theseandotherwaysofreducingtheamountoftimepeoplespendontheirjobs—arecertainlylikelytospread.Amixofpart-timepaidworkandpart-timeunpaidworkislikelytobecomeamuchmorecommonworkpatternthantoday,andaflexi-lifepatternofwork-involvingpaidemploymentatcertainstagesoflife,butnotatothers—willbecomewidespread.Butitissurelyunrealistictoassumethatthiswillmakeitpossibletorestorefullemploymentasthedominantformofwork.

Inthefirstplace,solongasemploymentremainstheoverwhelminglyimportantformofworkandsourceofincomeformostpeople,itisverydifficulttoseehowreductionsinemployees’workingtimecantakeplaceonascalesufficientlylargeandatapacesufficientlyfasttomakeitpossibletoshareouttheavailablepaidemploymenttoeveryonewhowantsit.Suchnegotiationsastherehaverecentlybeen,forexampleinBritainandGermany,aboutthepossibilityofintroducinga35-hourworkingweek,havehighlightedsomeofthedifficulties.But,secondly,ifchangesofthiskindweretotakeplaceatapaceandonascalesufficienttomakeitpossibletoshareemploymentamongallwhowantedit,theresultingsituation—inwhichmostpeoplewouldnotbeworkingintheirjobsformorethantwoorthreeshortdaysaweek―couldhardlycontinuetobeoneinwhichemploymentwasstillregardedastheonlytrulyvalidformofwork.Therewouldbesomanypeoplespendingsomuchoftheirtimeonotheractivities,includingotherformsofusefulwork,thattheprimacyofemploymentwouldbeboundtobecalledintoquestion,atleasttosomeextent.

1.TheauthorusesthenegotiationsinBritainandGermanyasanexampleto(

).

2.Attheendofthepassagetheauthorseemstoimplythatasaresultofshorterworkingtime

).

3.Theauthor’sattitudetowardsfuturefullemploymentisgenerally(

).

問題1選項

A.supportreductionsinemployeesworkingtime

B.indicateemployeesareunwillingtosharejobs

C.provethepossibilityofsharingpaidemployment

D.showthatemploymentwillloseitsdominance

問題2選項

A.employmentmaynotretainitsusualimportance

B.employmentmaynotberegardedasvalidwork

C.peoplecanbeengagedinfarlessunpaidwork

D.peoplecanbeengagedinfarmoreunpaidwork

問題3選項

A.supportive

B.wavering

C.skeptical

D.unclear

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:C

【解析】1.推理判斷題。本題是問作者用英國和德國的談判這個例子的目的是什么。由本文最后一段中的內(nèi)容“itisverydifficulttoseehowreductionsinemployees’workingrimecantakeplaceonascalesufficientlylargeandatapacesufficientlyfasttomakeitpossibletoshareouttheavailablepaidemploymenttoeveryonewhowantsit.Suchnegotiationsastherehaverecentlybeen,forexampleinBritainandGermany,aboutthepossibil

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