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書山有路勤為徑,學(xué)海無涯苦作舟!住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-安徽糧食工程職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解(圖片大小可自由調(diào)整)全文為Word可編輯,若為PDF皆為盜版,請謹慎購買!第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共100題)1.單選題

Althoughshescrubbedtheoldpotthoroughly,shecouldnotmakeitlookcompletelyclean.

問題1選項

A.disinfected

B.scratched

C.rinsed

D.scoured

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞辨析。橫線單詞scrubbed意為“用力擦洗;使凈化”;A選項“disinfected”意為“將……消毒”;B選項“scratched”意為“抓;刮;挖出;亂涂”;C選項“rinsed”意為“(用清水)沖洗,漂凈”;D選項“scoured”意為“(用粗糙的物體)擦凈,洗滌;沖洗,清除”。句意:雖然她已經(jīng)徹底地擦洗那只舊壺,但她無法使它看上去完全干凈。由題干可知,shecouldnotmakeitlookcompletelyclean(但她無法使它看上去完全干凈)說明她正設(shè)法把那只舊壺弄干凈,可以推測出這里的動作應(yīng)該是擦凈。由此可知,scrubbed在此處最可能是“用力擦洗”的意思,四個選項中scoured具有“擦凈”的意思,與此相近。因此D選項符合題意。

2.單選題

Somethingssimplycannotbealteredand()peopleacceptthis,notwastingenergyontryingtodotheimpossible.

問題1選項

A.rough

B.plastic

C.harsh

D.resilient

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A項rough“粗糙的”,B項plastic“塑料的”,C項harsh“嚴厲的、刺耳的”,D項resilient“可迅速恢復(fù)的、堅韌的”;句意:有些東西根本無法改變,有韌性的人能接受這一點,不會浪費精力來做不可能的事。因此D選項正確。

3.單選題

Thegovernmentisexpectedtomakenewlegislationsto()foreigninvestmentinrealestate.

問題1選項

A.manipulate

B.regulate

C.dominate

D.prevail

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A項manipulate“操縱,操作”,B項regulate“調(diào)節(jié),控制”,C項dominate“占優(yōu)勢,支配”,D項prevail表示“盛行,流行”。句意:預(yù)計政府將制定新的立法來規(guī)范外國在房地產(chǎn)領(lǐng)域的投資。因此B項正確。

4.單選題

Thegeneralpublicdidn'tcareaboutthetrialandsowas(

)abouttheverdict.

問題1選項

A.enraged

B.apathetic

C.suspicious

D.saddened

【答案】B

【解析】形容詞辨析題。enraged“激怒,暴怒”;apathetic“冷淡的,無興趣的”;suspicious“可疑的,猜疑的”;sadden“悲哀的,可悲的”;根據(jù)句意‘公眾不關(guān)心審判,也對判決結(jié)果(

)?!_定B選項正確。

5.單選題

Asthedirectorcan'tcometothereception,I'mrepresentingthecompany______.

問題1選項

A.onhisaccount

B.onhisbehalf

C.forhispart

D.inhisinterest

【答案】B

【解析】考查短語辨析。onone’saccount“為了某人”;onone’sbehalf“代表”;forone’spart“對某人來說”;inone’sinterest無此短語用法。句意:因為主管不能出席招待會,我代表他參加。因此B選項符合題意。

6.單選題

Scarcelyhadtheysettlethemselvesintheirseatsinthetheater(

)thecurtainwentup.

問題1選項

A.than

B.when

C.before

D.as

【答案】B

【解析】考試固定搭配。scarcely...when...意為“一……就……,剛剛……就……”。

句意:他們剛坐在劇院的座位上,幕布就升起了。

7.單選題

Recentstoriesinthenewspapersandmagazinessuggestthatteachingandresearchcontradicteachother,thatresearchplaystooprominentapartinacademicpromotions,andthatteachingisbadlyunderemphasized.Thereisanelementoftruthinthesestatements,buttheyalsoignoredeepermoreimportantrelationships.

Researchexperienceisanessentialelementofhiringandpromotionataresearchuniversitybecauseitistheemphasisonresearchthatdistinguishessuchauniversityfromanartscollege.Someprofessors,however,neglectteachingforresearchandthatpresentsaproblem.

Mostresearchuniversitiesrewardoutstandingteaching,butthegreatestrecognitionisusuallyforachievementsinresearch.Partofthereasonisthedifficultyofjudgingteaching.Ahighlyresponsibleandtoughprofessorisusuallyappreciatedbytopstudentswhowanttobechallengedbutdislikedbythosewhoserecordsarelessimpressive.Themildprofessorgetsoverallratingsthatareusuallyhigh,butthereisasenseofdisappointmentonthepartofthebeststudents,exactlythoseforwhomthesystemshouldpresentthegreatestchallenges.Thus,auniversitytryingtopromoteprofessorsprimarilyonthebasisofteachingqualitieswouldhavetoconfrontthisconfusion.

Asmodernsciencemovesfaster,twoforcesareexertedonprofessors:oneisthetimeneededtokeepupwiththeprofession;theotheristhetimeneededtoteach.Thetrainingofnewscientistsrequiresoutstandingteachingattheresearchuniversityaswellastheartscollege.Althoughscientistsareusually“made”intheelementaryschools,scientistscanbe“l(fā)ost”bypoorteachingatthecollegeandgraduateschoollevels.Thesolutionisnottoseparateteachingandresearchbuttorecognizethatthecombinationisdifficultbutvital.Thetitleofprofessorshouldbegivenonlytothosewhoprofessanditisperhapstimeforuniversitiestoreserveitforthosewillingtobeanearnestpartofthecommunityofscholars.Professorsunwillingtoteachcanbecalled“distinguishedresearchinvestigators”orsomethingelse.

Thepaceofmodernsciencemakesitincreasinglydifficulttobeagreatresearcherandagreat.Yetmanyaredescribedinjustthoseterms.Thosewhosaywecanseparateteachingandresearchsimplydonotunderstandthesystem,butthosewhosaytheproblemwilldisappeararenotfulfillingtheirresponsibilities.

1.Whatideadoestheauthorwanttoconveyinthefirstparagraph?

2.Inacademicpromotionsresearchuniversitiesstillattachmoreimportancetoresearchpartlybecause(

).

3.Accordingtothefourthparagraph,whichofthefollowingwilltheauthorprobablyagreewith?

4.Thetitleofprofessorshouldbegivenonlytothosewhofirstandforemostdo(

).

5.Thephrase"theproblem”(Line3,Para.5)refersto(

).

問題1選項

A.Therelationshipbetweenteachingandresearchshouldnotbesimplified.

B.Teachingandresearcharecontradictory.

C.Researchcanneverbeemphasizedtoomuch.

D.Itiswrongtooverestimatetheimportanceofteaching.

問題2選項

A.researchimprovesthequalityofteaching

B.studentswhowanttobechallengedappreciateresearchprofessors

C.professorswithachievementsinresearchareusuallyresponsibleandtough

D.itisdifficulttoevaluateteachingqualityobjectively

問題3選項

A.Distinguishedprofessorsatresearchuniversitiesshouldconcentrateonresearchonly.

B.Itisofutmostimportancetoimproveteachinginelementaryschoolsinordertotrainnewscientists.

C.Theseparationofteachingfromresearchcanlowerthequalityoffuturescientists.

D.Therapiddevelopmentofmodernsciencemakesitimpossibletocombineteachingwithresearch.

問題4選項

A.scientificresearch

B.teaching

C.fieldwork

D.investigation

問題5選項

A.raisingthestatusofteaching

B.theseparationofteachingfromresearch

C.thecombinationofteachingwithresearch

D.improvingthestatusofresearch

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:B

【解析】1.主旨大意題。通讀第一段“Recentstoriesinthenewspapersandmagazinessuggestthatteachingandresearchcontradicteachother,thatresearchplaystooprominentapartinacademicpromotions,andthatteachingisbadlyunderemphasized.Thereisanelementoftruthinthesestatements,buttheyalsoignoredeepermoreimportantrelationships.最近在報紙和雜志上的報道表明,教學(xué)和研究是相互矛盾的,研究在學(xué)術(shù)推廣中扮演的角色過于突出,而對教學(xué)的重視嚴重不足。這些說法有一定的真實性,但它們也忽略了更深層次更重要的關(guān)系。”可知作者認為教學(xué)與研究的更深層次的關(guān)系被忽略了。故A項正確。

2.細節(jié)事實題。由第三段“Mostresearchuniversitiesrewardoutstandingteaching,butthegreatestrecognitionisusuallyforachievementsinresearch.Partofthereasonisthedifficultyofjudgingteaching.大多數(shù)研究型大學(xué)獎勵杰出的教學(xué),但通常對研究成果給予最大認可。部分原因是很難對教學(xué)進行評判?!笨芍髮W(xué)重視研究的部分原因是很難客觀評判教學(xué)。故D項正確。

3.推理判斷題。由第四段“Althoughscientistsareusually‘made’intheelementaryschools,scientistscanbe‘lost’bypoorteachingatthecollegeandgraduateschoollevels.盡管科學(xué)家通常是在小學(xué)‘培養(yǎng)’出來的,但科學(xué)家也可能因為大學(xué)和研究生階段糟糕的教學(xué)而‘流失’?!笨芍狟項“為了培養(yǎng)新的科學(xué)家,改善小學(xué)的教學(xué)是最重要的”錯誤。A項“研究型大學(xué)的杰出教授應(yīng)該只專注于研究”only表達過于絕對,故A項錯誤。D項“現(xiàn)代科學(xué)的迅速發(fā)展使教學(xué)與研究不能結(jié)合起來?!卞e誤。故C項“教學(xué)與科研分離會降低未來科學(xué)家的素質(zhì)”符合文章內(nèi)容。

4.細節(jié)事實題。由第四段“Thetitleofprofessorshouldbegivenonlytothosewhoprofessanditisperhapstimeforuniversitiestoreserveitforthosewillingtobeanearnestpartofthecommunityofscholars.Professorsunwillingtoteachcanbecalled‘distinguishedresearchinvestigators’orsomethingelse.教授的頭銜應(yīng)該只授予那些從事教授工作的人,也許大學(xué)是時候把它保留給那些愿意成為學(xué)者群體中重要一部分的人了。不愿意教書的教授可以被稱為‘杰出的研究人員’或別的什么。”可知教授的頭銜應(yīng)該留給愿意教學(xué)的人。故B項正確。

5.詞義題。由最后一句“Thosewhosaywecanseparateteachingandresearchsimplydonotunderstandthesystem,butthosewhosaytheproblemwilldisappeararenotfulfillingtheirresponsibilities.那些說我們可以把教學(xué)和科研分開的人根本不了解這個制度,但那些說這個問題會消失的人沒有盡到自己的責(zé)任?!笨芍斑@個問題”指教學(xué)和科研分開,故B項正確。

8.單選題

Businesstravelersusedtobethecashcowsofthehotelbusiness.Armedwithcorporatecreditcardsandexpenseaccounts,they'dhappilylaydownhundredsofdollarspernightfortheprivilegeofaGodivachocolateontheirpillowandasunkenwhirlpooltubintheirbathroom.Butjustasprolongedcorporatebelttighteninghasforcedroadwarriorstousebudgetairlines,moreandmoreofthemarenoweschewingfive-starlodginginfavorofcheaperaccommodations.Indeed,earlierthisyeartheU.S.-basedNationalBusinessTravelAssociationreleasedfiguresshowingthat61percentofcorporatetravelmanagersplannedtobooktheirpeopleintolower-pricedhotelsinthecomingyear.

Here'sthegoodnews:penny-pinchingistranslatingintobetterdealsatcheapandup-markethotelsalike.Servicesatmiddle-markethotelsarerisingtoaccommodateanewwaveofmoredemandingcorporatecustomers.Andluxuryhotelsareworkinghardertokeepbusinesstravelerscoming,offeringlowerrates,specialpackagesandextraservices.Eventhoughbusiness-travelvolumeissettorisebymorethan4percentin2004afterthreedismalyears,hotelswillcontinuetobeunderpressureinlargepartbecauseaweakdollarisforcingAmericanbusinesstravelerstosearchforvalue.

Someofthebestdealsarecomingfromthebigchains.InJanuary,StarwoodHotelsannounceditwouldupgradeitglobalmiddle-marketbrand.FourPoints,byrollingoutfreehigh-speedwirelessInternetaccessinallguestrooms.Ontheflipside,upscalebrandslikeInterContinentalandRitzCarltonaresellingemptyroomsatdiscountratesviaonlineservices.Thathastheeffectofdepressingluxury-roomprices,becausecorporatetravelmanagerscannowdemandthathotelsmatchtheirowndiscountpricesallthetime.InterContinentalhotelsinFranceandGermanyhavebeenhitsohardthattheyareactuallyrepricingtheirroomstoreflectratesbeforethedollarbeganfalling.UpscalehotelslikeWaldorf-Astoria,Sofitelarealsotryingtoofferextraservices.

Butbewareofnew,hiddenfees.Inanefforttomakeupsomeoftheirlostrevenue,hotelsarestartingtochargecorporatetravelersforthingsthatusedtobefree——includingbreakfast,banquetormeetingrooms.

Asidefromsavingcompaniesmoney,thetrendinfrugalbusinesstravelmaygiverisetoawholenewmarketsegment:thebuy-to-lethotelroom.LastweekinLondon,BritishpropertydeveloperJohnnySandelsonlaunchedGuestlnvest,ahotelinNottingHillwhereuserscanpurchasearoomfor£235,000,useitforamaximumof52nightsayearthemselves,thenrentitouttherestofthetimetomakeextramoney.Itseemsanideawhosetimehascome:Guestlnvestsaysithasalreadyfieldedhundredsofcallsfrombusinesspeopleinterestedinmakingacheaperhoteltheirsecondhome.

1.Accordingtothepassage,businesstravelersusedto().

2.Howdohotelsreacttothepenny-pinchingpolicy?

3.Travelerscannowdemandhotelstomatchtheirownpricesbecause().

4.Comparedwithtraditionalhotels,thebuy-tolethotel().

問題1選項

A.becustomersofluxurioushotels

B.booklower-pricedhotels

C.enjoyprivilegesinhotels

D.takebudgetairlines

問題2選項

A.Theyhavetoraisetheirrates

B.Theyofferbetterdealsfortravelers

C.Theychargemoreonextraservices

D.Theyaresufferingsuccessivedismal

問題3選項

A.travelersonlyhavelimitedbudget

B.travelersdemandforextraservices

C.hotelsaretryingtodepresstheirprices

D.hotelsaretryinghardtokeepgoodbusiness

問題4選項

A.costlessandcanbeprofitable

B.attractsmoreattentionsfromtravelers

C.providesbetterroomandservice

D.makestravelersfeelmoreathome

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:A

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。題目問的是“根據(jù)文章可知,商務(wù)旅行者過去怎么樣?”文章第一段第二句提到在企業(yè)緊縮預(yù)算的影響下,商務(wù)旅行者現(xiàn)在避開五星級酒店而選擇便宜的住宿地方(Butjustasprolongedcorporatebelttighteninghasforcedroadwarriorstousebudgetairlines,moreandmoreofthemarenoweschewingfive-starlodginginfavorofcheaperaccommodations),由此可以推測過去他們常常選擇五星級酒店住宿,選項A符合題意。

2.細節(jié)事實題。題目問的是“酒店如何應(yīng)對這種精打細算的政策?”文章第二段第一句話提到隨之而來的是便宜而且高檔的酒店的更加優(yōu)惠的政策(Here’sthegoodnews:penny-pinchingistranslatingintobetterdealsatcheapandup-markethotelsalike),說明為了招攬顧客,酒店提供給商務(wù)旅行者優(yōu)惠政策,選項B符合題意。

3.細節(jié)事實題。題目問的是“旅行者現(xiàn)在要求酒店的價格與自己期望的價格一致的原因是什么?”文章第二段第三句話提到“豪華酒店在努力吸引商務(wù)旅行者,給他們提供更低的價格、特殊的套餐和額外的服務(wù)”(Andluxuryhotelsareworkinghardertokeepbusinesstravelerscoming,offeringlowerrates,specialpackagesandextraservices);第三段提到商務(wù)旅行經(jīng)理現(xiàn)在可以要求酒店一致保持與自己的折扣價格一致(Thathastheeffectofdepressingluxury-roomprices,becausecorporatetravelmanagerscannowdemandthathotelsmatchtheirowndiscountpricesallthetime),這一系列的措施都是為了吸引顧客,因此選項D符合題意。

4.細節(jié)事實題。題目問的是“與傳統(tǒng)酒店相比,‘先買后租’酒店怎么樣?”文章最后一段提到除了為公司省錢之外,還應(yīng)運而生了一種新的市場:“先買后租”,即購買酒店房間,然后用來出租(Asidefromsavingcompaniesmoney,thetrendinfrugalbusinesstravelmaygiverisetoawholenewmarketsegment:thebuy-to-lethotelroom),這說明這種模式是為了省錢,后面又提到了能把買下的房間租給他人,說明還能賺錢,因此選項A“花費減少,并且還能盈利”符合題意。

9.單選題

We’reinanerawhencomputerhackersarestealingcredit-cardnumbersandothertechnologicallyadeptcriminalsare()nationalborders.

問題1選項

A.transplanting

B.transgressing

C.transforming

D.transmitting

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞辨析。transplanting“移植”;transgressing“違反,違法,越界”;transforming“轉(zhuǎn)化,轉(zhuǎn)變”;transmitting“傳遞,傳送”。句意:我們處在電腦黑客盜取信用卡密碼,其他技術(shù)犯罪不斷侵犯國界的一個時代。選項B符合題意。

10.單選題

Asoneoftheyoungestprofessorsintheuniversity,Mr.Browniscertainlyonthe____ofabrilliantcareer.

問題1選項

A.porch

B.edge

C.course

D.threshold

【答案】D

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.porch門廊;門廳B.edge邊;邊緣

C.course方針;行動方向D.threshold門檻;門口

【答案】D

【考查點】固定搭配。

【解題思路】固定搭配onthethresholdof意為“在……的開端;即將開始”。句意:作為這所大學(xué)最年輕的教授之一,布朗先生的輝煌事業(yè)……。根據(jù)句意,因為布朗先生是這所大學(xué)最年輕的教授,所以他的輝煌事業(yè)即將開始。D選項固定搭配符合句意,因此選D。

【干擾項排除】

A選項porch“門廊;門廳”,不符合固定搭配;

B選項edge“邊;邊緣”,ontheedgeof表示“瀕于;在……邊緣”,與布朗先生輝煌的事業(yè)不搭,不符合語境;

C選項course“方針;行動方向”,該選項不符合語境。

【句意】作為這所大學(xué)最年輕的教授之一,布朗先生即將開創(chuàng)輝煌的事業(yè)。

11.單選題

Thereareover6,000differentcomputerandonlinegamesintheworldnow.Asegmentofthemareconsideredtobebotheducationalandharmlesslyentertaining.Onesuchgameteachesgeography,andanothertrainspilots.Otherstraintheplayerinlogicalthinkingandproblemsolving.Somegamesmayalsohelppeopletobecomemorecomputerliterate,whichismoreimportantinthistechnology-drivenera.

Butthedarksideofthecomputergameshasbecomesmoreandmoreobvious.“Asegmentofgamesfeaturesanti-socialthemesofviolence,sexandcrudelanguage,”saysDavidWalsh,presidentoftheNationalInstituteonMediaandFamily.“Unfortunately,it'sasegmentthatseemsparticularlypopularwithkidsagedeighttofifteen.”

Onestudyshowedthatalmost80percentofthecomputerandonlinegamesyoungpeoplepreferredcontainedviolence.Theinvestigatorssaid“Thesearenotjustgamesanymore.Thesearelearningmachines.We’reteachingkidsinthemostincrediblemannerwhatit'sliketopullthetrigger.Whattheyarenotlearningarethereal-lifeconsequences.”

Theyalsosaid“Thenewandmoresophisticatedgamesareevenworse,becausetheyhavebettergraphicsandallowtheplayerstoparticipateinevenmorerealisticviolentacts.”InthegameCarmageddon,forexample,theplayerwillhavedrivenoverandkilledupto33,000peoplebythetimealllevelsarecompleteD.Adescriptionoftheoutcomeofthegamesays:“Yourvictimsnotonlysquishunderyourtiresandsplatterbloodonthewindshield;theyalsogetontheirkneesandbegformercy,orcommitsuicide.Ifyoulike,youcanalsodismemberthem.”

Isallthisstimulatedviolenceharmful?Approximately3,000differentstudieshaveconductedonthissubject.Manyhavesuggestedthatthereisaconnectionbetweenviolenceingamesandincreasedaggressivenessintheplayers.

Somespecialistsdownplaytheinfluenceofthegames,sayingthatotherfactorsmustbetakenintoconsideration,suchasthepossibilitythatkidswhoalreadyhaveviolenttendenciesarechoosingsuchgames.Butcoulditbethatviolentgamesstillplayacontributionrole?Itseemsunrealistictoinsistthatpeoplearenotinfluencedbywhattheysee.Ifthatweretrue,whywouldthecommercialworldspendbillionsofdollarsannuallyfortelevisionadvertising?

1.Accordingtoonestudy,mostcomputerandonlinegames______.

2.Whatdoestheword“dismember”inParagraph4mean?

3.Manystudieshavesuggestedthat______.

4.Theauthoruses“televisionadvertising”asanexampletoillustratethat______.

5.Thebesttitleforpassageis______.

問題1選項

A.allowtheplayerstotakepartinkillingacts

B.thatyoungpeoplelikeinvolveviolence

C.teachtheplayerstobeantisocial

D.maketheplayersforgettherealliferesults

問題2選項

A.Tocutsomebodyintopieces

B.Tokicksomebodyout

C.Todismisssomebody

D.Tostabaknifeintosomebody

問題3選項

A.moreandmoreyoungpeopleappreciatecruelcomputergames

B.therearenowfarmoreincidentsofviolenceduetocomputergames

C.violenceincomputergamesmakestheirplayermoreaggressive

D.simulatedviolenceincomputergamesisdifferentfromreallife

問題4選項

A.otherfactorsmustbeconsideredaspossiblecausesofviolenceinreallife

B.thereisacloselinkbetweencomputergamesandincreasinglygrowingviolenceinreallife

C.computerandonlinegamesarenottheonlycauseofincreasedviolenceinreality

D.thecommercialworldiscontributingtotheincreasedviolenceinreality

問題5選項

A.TheDevelopmentofViolentComputerGames

B.AstudyontheInfluenceofComputerandOnlineGames

C.TheDarkSideofComputerandOnlineGames

D.ComputerandOnlineGames—AdvantagesandDisadvantages

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:D

【解析】1.主旨大意題。由題干可以定位到原文第二段“Asegmentofgamesfeaturesanti-socialthemesofviolence,sexandcrudelanguage.”saysDavidWalsh,presidentoftheNationalInstituteonMediaandFamily.中文翻譯為:國家媒體與家庭研究所所長大衛(wèi)?沃爾什說,部分游戲以暴力、性和粗俗語言為反社會主題。A選項“允許玩家參與殺戮行為”可排除。B選項“年輕人喜歡使用暴力”可排除。D選項“讓玩家忘記現(xiàn)實生活的結(jié)果”可排除。C選項“教導(dǎo)玩家要反社會”最符合題意。因此C選項正確。

2.詞義推測題。由題干可以定位到文章第四段中最后一句“youcanalsodismemberthem.”中文翻譯為:你也可以肢解它們。B選項“把某人趕出去”排除。C選項“解雇某人”不符合題意。D選項“用刀刺某人”也可排除。由此可知A選項“把某人切成碎片”正確。

3.細節(jié)事實題。由題干可以定位到文章倒數(shù)第二段“Approximately3,000differentstudieshaveconductedonthissubject.Manyhavesuggestedthatthereisaconnectionbetweenviolenceingamesandincreasedaggressivenessintheplayers.”中文翻譯為:大約有3000個不同的研究在這個問題上進行。許多人認為游戲中的暴力行為和玩家攻擊性的增強之間存在聯(lián)系A(chǔ)選項“越來越多的年輕人喜歡殘酷的電腦游戲”不符合題意,故排除。B選項“現(xiàn)在有更多的暴力事件是由于電腦游戲”不符合題意,故排除。C選項“電腦游戲中的暴力使玩家更具攻擊性”符合題意。因此C選項正確。D選項“電腦游戲中的模擬暴力不同于現(xiàn)實生活”不符合題意,故排除。

4.作者意圖題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“televisionadvertising”定位到原文第六段“Ifthatweretrue,whywouldthecommercialworldspendbillionsofdollarsannuallyfortelevisionadvertising?”,中文翻譯為:如果這是真的,為什么商業(yè)世界每年要花費數(shù)十億美元在電視廣告上。聯(lián)系上下文,D選項“現(xiàn)實中,商業(yè)世界正在助長暴力的增加”最符合題意,因此選項D正確。A選項“其他因素也必須被認為是現(xiàn)實生活中暴力的可能原因”不符合題意,故排除。B選項“電腦游戲和現(xiàn)實生活中日益增長的暴力之間有著密切的聯(lián)系”不符合題意,故排除。C選項“電腦和網(wǎng)絡(luò)游戲并不是現(xiàn)實中暴力增加的唯一原因”不符合題意,故排除。

5.判斷推理題。A選項“TheDevelopmentofViolentComputerGames”暴力電腦游戲的發(fā)展,文章不僅僅講暴力游戲的發(fā)展,故A選項排除。B選項“計算機和網(wǎng)絡(luò)游戲的影響研究”,文章對于計算機并未提及,故B選項排除。C選項“電腦和網(wǎng)絡(luò)游戲的黑暗面”,在文章第一段也講述了網(wǎng)絡(luò)游戲的益處,故C選項排除。D選項“電腦和網(wǎng)絡(luò)游戲的優(yōu)點和缺點”最符合題意,故選D。

12.不定項選擇題

Overthelast25years,Britishsocietyhaschangedagreatdeal—oratleastmanypartsofithave.Insomeways,however,verylittlehaschanged,particularlywhereattitudesareconcerned.Ideasaboutsocialclass—whetherapersonis“working-class”or“middle-class”—areoneareainwhichchangeshavebeenextremelyslow.

Inthepast,theworking-classtendedtobepaidlessthanmiddle-classpeople,suchasteachersanddoctors.Asaresultofthisandalsoofthefactthatworkers’jobsweregenerallymuchlesssecure,distinctdifferencesinlife-stylesandattitudescameintoexistence.ThetypicalworkingmanwouldcollecthiswagesonFridayeveningandthen,itwaswidelybelieved,havinggivenhiswifeher“housekeeping”,wouldgooutandsquandertherestonbeerandbetting.

Thestereotypeofwhatamiddle-classmandidwithhismoneywasperhapsnearerthetruth.Hewas—andstillis—inclinedtotakealonger-termview.Notonlydidheregardbuyingahousebutalsotheseprovidedhimandhisfamilywithsecurity.Onlyinveryfewcasesdidworkershavetheopportunity(ortheeducationandtraining)tomakesuchlong-termplans.

Nowadays,agreatdealhaschanged.Inalargenumberofcasesfactoryworkersearnasmuch,ifnotmore,thantheirmiddle-classsupervisors.Socialsecurityandlawstoimprovecentury,havemadeitlessnecessarythanbeforetoworryabouttomorrow.Working-classpeopleseemslowlytobelosingthefeelingofinferioritytheyhadinthepast.Infacttherehasbeenagrowingtendencyinthepastfewyearsforthemiddle-classestofeelslightlyashamedoftheirposition.

Thechangesinbothlife-stylesandattitudesareprobablymosteasilyseenamongstyoungerpeople.Theygenerallytendtoshareverysimilartastesinmusicandclothes,theyspendtheirmoneyinhavingagoodtime,andsaveforholidaysorlonger-termplanswhennecessary.Thereseemstobemuchlessdifferencethaninpreviousgenerations.Nevertheless,westillhaveawidegapbetweenthewell-paid(whateverthetypeofjobtheymayhave)andthelow-paid.Aslongasthisgapexists,therewillalwaysbeapossibilitythatnewconflictsandjealousieswillemerge,orratherthattheoldconflictswillre-appear,butbetweendifferentgroups.

1.Whichofthefollowingisseenasthecauseofclassdifferencesinthepast?

2.Thewriterseemstosuggestthatthedescriptionof______isclosertotruth.

3.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNotatypicalfeatureofthemiddle-class?

4.Workingclasspeople’ssenseofsecurityincreasedasaresultofallthefollowingfactorEXCEPT______.

5.Whichofthefollowingstatementisincorrect?

問題1選項

A.Lifestyleandoccupation.

B.Attitudeandincome.

C.Incomeandjobsecurity.

D.Jobsecurityandhobbies.

問題2選項

A.middle-classwaysofspendingmoney

B.working-classwaysofspendingtheweekend

C.working-classdrinkinghabits

D.middle-classattitudes

問題3選項

A.Desiringforsecurity.

B.Makinglongtermplans.

C.Havingprioritiesinlife.

D.Savingmoney.

問題4選項

A.bettersocialsecurity

B.morejobopportunities

C.higherlivingstandard

D.betterlegalprotection

問題5選項

A.ChangesareslowlytakingplaceinallsectorsoftheBritishsociety.

B.Thegapbetweenworking-classandmiddle-classyoungpeopleisnarrowing.

C.Differenceinincomewillremainbutthoseinoccupationwilldisappear.

D.Middle-classpeoplemaysometimesfeelinferiortoworkingclasspeople.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】1.【選項釋義】

1.Whichofthefollowingisseenasthecauseofclassdifferencesinthepast?1.下列哪一項被認為是過去階級差異的原因?

A.Lifestyleandoccupation.A.生活方式和職業(yè)。

B.Attitudeandincome.B.態(tài)度和收入。

C.Incomeandjobsecurity.C.收入和工作保障。

D.Jobsecurityandhobbies.D.工作保障和愛好。

【考查點】細節(jié)事實題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)第二段前兩句“過去,工人階級的收入往往比教師和醫(yī)生等中產(chǎn)階級的收入低。由于這一點,也由于工人的工作普遍不那么有保障,生活方式和態(tài)度出現(xiàn)了明顯的差異?!笨芍杖氲牟煌凸ぷ髌毡闆]有那么有保障是造成過去階級差異的原因,所以該題選擇C項“收入和工作保障”。

【干擾項排除】

A項“生活方式和職業(yè)”和B項“態(tài)度和收入”中的生活方式和態(tài)度是階級差異的結(jié)果,并不是其原因,這兩項曲解原文;

D項“工作保障和愛好”,原文第二段提到“工人領(lǐng)完工資交給妻子后就去揮霍在喝酒和賭博上”可知,工人喝酒和賭博的愛好是階級差異造成的結(jié)果,不是原因,該項也曲解原文。

2.【選項釋義】

2.Thewriterseemstosuggestthatthedescriptionof______isclosertotruth.2.作者似乎在暗示______的描述更接近事實。

A.middle-classwaysofspendingmoneyA.中產(chǎn)階級花錢方式

B.working-classwaysofspendingtheweekendB.工人階級過周末的方式

C.working-classdrinkinghabitsC.工人階級的飲酒習(xí)慣

D.middle-classattitudesD.中產(chǎn)階級的態(tài)度

【考查點】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】首先根據(jù)題干定位至第三段第一句“中產(chǎn)階級男人如何理財?shù)年愒~濫調(diào)也許更接近事實(Thestereotypeofwhatamiddle-classmandidwithhismoneywasperhapsnearerthetruth)”可知,這里講到中產(chǎn)階級男人如何理財?shù)年愒~濫調(diào)更接近事實,然后下文提到“他不僅考慮買一套房子,而且這也為他和他的家人提供了安全感”,綜合理解可推斷,作者在這其實是暗示中產(chǎn)階級花錢的方式更接近事實,所以A項“中產(chǎn)階級花錢方式”符合題意。

【干擾項排除】

B項“工人階級過周末的方式”和C項“工人階級的飲酒習(xí)慣”根據(jù)第二段最后一句“人們普遍認為(itwaswidelybelieved),典型的工人會在周五晚上領(lǐng)取工資,然后在給妻子料理家務(wù)后,就出去把剩下的錢揮霍在啤酒和賭博上”可知,這兩項是人們普遍認為的觀點,并不是作者暗示的內(nèi)容,屬于張冠李戴;

D項“中產(chǎn)階級的態(tài)度”根據(jù)解題思路可知,該項曲解原文。

3.【選項釋義】

3.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNotatypicalfeatureofthemiddle-class?3.根據(jù)文章,下列哪項不是中產(chǎn)階級的典型特征?

A.Desiringforsecurity.A.渴望安全。

B.Makinglongtermplans.B.制定長期計劃。

C.Havingprioritiesinlife.C.在生活中有優(yōu)先權(quán)。

D.Savingmoney.D.存錢。

【考查點】細節(jié)事實題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)第三段二三四句“他(中產(chǎn)階級男人)過去傾向于更長期的觀點,現(xiàn)在依然如此。他不僅考慮買一套房子,而且這也為他和他的家人提供了安全感。只有在極少數(shù)情況下,工人們才有機會(或接受教育和培訓(xùn))制定這樣的長期計劃?!笨芍挟a(chǎn)階級的典型特征就是尋求安全感,制定長期計劃,以及有接受教育和培訓(xùn)的機會,即比工人們更有優(yōu)先權(quán)享受到這些機會,只有D項“存錢”沒有提到,所以該題選擇D項。

【干擾項排除】A項“渴望安全”、B項“制定長期計劃”和C項“在生活中有優(yōu)先權(quán)”根據(jù)解題思路可知,這三項符合原文,屬于反向干擾。

4.【選項釋義】

4.Workingclasspeople’ssenseofsecurityincreasedasaresultofallthefollowingfactorEXCEPT______.4.工人階級的安全感增加,除了______以外,其他因素都有影響。

A.bettersocialsecurityA.社會保障的改善

B.morejobopportunitiesB.更多就業(yè)機會

C.higherlivingstandardC.更高的生活水平

D.betterlegalprotectionD.更好的法律保護

【考查點】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)第四段二三句“在很多情況下,工廠工人的收入與他們的中產(chǎn)階級主管一樣多,甚至更多。社會保障和法律的改善,已經(jīng)使它比以前更沒有必要擔(dān)心明天?!笨芍?,工人階級收入的提高、社會保障和法律的改善是使他們更有安全感的因素,只有B項“更多就業(yè)機會”是沒有提到,所以該題選擇B項。

【干擾項排除】

A項“社會保障的改善”符合原文,屬于反向干擾;

D項“更好的法律保護”符合原文,屬于反向干擾;

C項“更高的生活水平”,工人收入比中產(chǎn)階級收入一樣多甚至更高,從而生活水平也會相應(yīng)上升,所以該項也屬于反向干擾。

5.【選項釋義】

5.Whichofthefollowingstatementisincorrect?5.下面哪個陳述是錯誤的?

A.ChangesareslowlytakingplaceinallsectorsoftheBritishsociety.A.英國社會的各個方面都在慢慢地發(fā)生著變化。

B.Thegapbetweenworking-classandmiddle-classyoungpeopleisnarrowing.B.工人階級和中產(chǎn)階級年輕人之間的差距正在縮小。

C.Differenceinincomewillremainbutthoseinoccupationwilldisappear.C.收入差距將繼續(xù)存在,但職業(yè)差距將消失。

D.Middle-classpeoplemaysometimesfeelinferiortoworkingclasspeople.D.中產(chǎn)階級有時會覺得自己不如工人階級。

【考查點】細節(jié)事實題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)第一段首句“在過去的25年里,英國社會發(fā)生了巨大的變化——至少在很多方面是這樣的”可知,英國社會在很多方面都發(fā)生了巨大的變化,也就是說變化快速,所以A項“英國社會的各個方面都在慢慢地發(fā)生著變化”與原文不符,該題選擇A項。

【干擾項排除】

B項“工人階級和中產(chǎn)階級年輕人之間的差距正在縮小”根據(jù)最后一段第一句“生活方式和態(tài)度的變化可能在年輕人中最容易看到”以及第三句“與前幾代人相比,現(xiàn)在的差異似乎要小得多”可知,工人階級和中產(chǎn)階級年輕人之間的差異正在縮小,該項屬于反向干擾;

C項“收入差距將繼續(xù)存在,但職業(yè)差距將消失”根據(jù)最后一段第四句“然而,在高薪人群(無論他們從事何種工作)和低收入人群之間仍然存在著巨大的差距”可知,該項符合原文,屬于反向干擾;

D項“中產(chǎn)階級有時會覺得自己不如工人階級”根據(jù)第四段最后一句“事實上,在過去幾年里,中產(chǎn)階級對自己的地位感到有點羞愧的趨勢越來越明顯”可知,該項也符合原文,屬于反向干擾。

13.單選題

____inthedark,hisheadhitagainstthewall.

問題1選項

A.Whenhewaswalking

B.Walking

C.Hiswalking

D.Whilewalking

【答案】A

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.WhenhewaswalkingB.Walking

C.HiswalkingD.Whilewalking

【答案】A

【考查點】非謂語動詞

【解題思路】根據(jù)選項推斷原句語義為“在黑暗中行走,他的頭撞墻了”。非謂語動詞應(yīng)與句子的主語存在邏輯上的語義關(guān)系,該句的主語hishead“他的頭”與“走”這個動作不存在任何語義關(guān)系,存在語義關(guān)系的是“他”,因此,這里不能使用walk的非謂語形式。A選項Whenhewaswalking“他(在黑暗中)行走時”,when引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句,符合英語語法,主句和從句可以使用不同的主語。

【干擾項排除】B、C、D選項不符合語法規(guī)范。

【句意】他在黑暗中行走時,頭撞到了墻上。

14.單選題

Accordingtoanthropologists,peopleinpre-industrialsocietiesspent3to4hoursperdayorabout20hoursperweekdoingtheworknecessaryforlife.Moderncomparisonsoftheamountofworkperformedperweek,however,beginwiththeIndustrialRevolution(1760-1840)when10-to-12-hourworkdayswithsixworkdaysperweekwerethenorm.Even,withextensivetimedevotedtowork,however,bothincomesandstandardsoflivingwerelow.AsincomesroseneartheendoftheIndustrialRevolution,itbecameincreasinglycommontotreatSaturdayafternoonsasahalf-dayholiday.Theha

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