考研考博-英語(yǔ)-唐山師范學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解3

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-唐山師范學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Thebasiccausesareunknown,althoughcertainconditionsthatmayleadtocancerhavebeen（）?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.identified

B.guaranteed

C.notified

D.conveyed

【答案】A

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：盡管人們已經(jīng)

可能導(dǎo)致癌癥的某些條件，但是仍不知道根本的原因。

Identify鑒別，識(shí)別；guarantee保證，擔(dān)保；notify通知，布告；convey傳達(dá)，傳遞。所以，A項(xiàng)identify符合句意。

2.填空題

Chongqing（1）tobepartofSichuan,butitwas（2）fromtheprovincein1997andmade（3）self-governingmunicipality.Thenewpoliticalunithasapopulation（4）about33millionpeople,butonly7.5millionofthemliveintheurbanarea.The（5）ofthemliveinthenearbydistrictsthatarepartofthemunicipality.

【答案】1.used

2.separated

3.a

4.of

5.rest

【解析】1.固定搭配。usedtobe曾經(jīng)是。

2.固定搭配。beseparatedfrom與……分離

3.語(yǔ)法分析。此處填不定冠詞a,表示“一個(gè)”。

4.語(yǔ)義題。Hasapopulationof后面接具體人數(shù)表示“有…人”。

5.語(yǔ)義題。Rest其余的。

3.單選題

Sometimestheseareclearlystatedbutmoreoftenthannottheyare________inattitudesandactions.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.implicit

B.hidden

C.existent

D.covered

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)“含蓄的，盲從的”；B選項(xiàng)“隱藏的”；C選項(xiàng)“現(xiàn)存的，存在的”；D選項(xiàng)“覆蓋的，隱藏著的”。句意：有時(shí)候這些東西被描述得很清晰，但是他們會(huì)在態(tài)度或者行動(dòng)上（）。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“clearly”和“but”，選A更符合題意，這些描述得很清楚，但是在行動(dòng)或者態(tài)度方面他們是隱晦的。B，D選項(xiàng)一般和by搭配。C選項(xiàng)帶入句子中不符合邏輯。

4.單選題

Ifnoacquisitionwascognizedasrightfuleveninaprovisionalway（）enteringthecivilcondition,thecivilconditionitselfwouldbeimpossible.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.anteriorbefore

B.posteriorto

C.priorbefore

D.priorto

【答案】D

【解析】形容詞詞義辨析和固定搭配。anterior“先前的”；posteriorto“晚于”；priorto“居先”；prior“優(yōu)先的”。句意：如果獲取行為被認(rèn)為是合理的，甚至是以暫時(shí)的方式提前申請(qǐng)民用條件，那么民用條件本身變得不可能。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

5.單選題

）

theafternoon.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.regained

B.recovered

C.restored

D.revived

【答案】A

【解析】句意:股票交易市場(chǎng)上的股票在早上大幅下跌，但在下午卻小幅上漲。

考查動(dòng)詞辨析。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)均為對(duì)應(yīng)動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式。regain恢復(fù),收回（不及物動(dòng)詞）上漲；recover恢復(fù),彌補(bǔ),重新獲得；restore恢復(fù),還原;revive復(fù)興,蘇醒,恢復(fù)精祌。根據(jù)前面句意以及表轉(zhuǎn)折的but可知A符合句意。

6.單選題

Theyarenolongeronspeakingtermsbecauseshe（）hisconfidence.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.exposed

B.destroyed

C.proved

D.betrayed

【答案】D

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。expose“揭露，曝光”;destroy“毀滅，破壞”;prove“證明，檢驗(yàn)，顯示”;betray“背叛，出賣”。句意：他們不再和睦相處了，因?yàn)樗撑蚜怂男湃?。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

7.翻譯題

Ineconomicsthemostfundamentalofthesecentralproblemsisthetheoryofvalue.Thetheoryofvaluemustexplainhowthecomparativevaluesofdifferentgoodsandservicesareestablished.Untilthatproblemissolved,itisnotpossibletoanalysesforscientificpurposeswhatwillbeproducedandinwhatquantities,howtheresourceswillbeemployedinproducingthemenuofoutputs,andhowtheresourceswillbevalued.Withoutatheoryofvaluetheeconomistscanhavenotheoryofinternationaltradeorpossiblyatheoryofmoney.Thiscentralproblemofvaluedoesnotchangeinitsessentialconcernifoneseekstoexplainvaluesinruralorurbansocieties,orinagriculturalorindustrialsocieties.

【答案】在經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)中，這些核心問(wèn)題的最基本部分是價(jià)值理論。價(jià)值理論必須解釋出不同商品和服務(wù)的比較值是怎樣生成的。只有這個(gè)問(wèn)題解決了才有可能從科學(xué)的目的去分析生產(chǎn)什么產(chǎn)品、生產(chǎn)數(shù)量和生產(chǎn)項(xiàng)目單上的這些產(chǎn)品需要雇用多少勞力，以及怎樣利用以實(shí)現(xiàn)這些勞力的最大價(jià)值。沒(méi)有價(jià)值論，經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家就不會(huì)知道國(guó)際貿(mào)易理論，可能也不會(huì)知道貨幣理論。如果人們?cè)噲D從農(nóng)村城市社會(huì)或是農(nóng)業(yè)工業(yè)社會(huì)去解釋價(jià)值，則基本上價(jià)值的核心問(wèn)題不會(huì)改變。

8.單選題

Wearenot（

）tovetoourownproposals.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.likely

B.possible

C.probable

D.potential

【答案】A

【解析】考查近義詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)likely“很可能的（可能性比較強(qiáng)）”，其主語(yǔ)可以是人；B選項(xiàng)possible“可能的，合理的”，主語(yǔ)一般為it；C選項(xiàng)probable“很可能的；可信的”，一般是這樣用的：itisprobablethat；D選項(xiàng)potential“潛在的，可能的”，一般為：itispotentialtodosth.。句意：我們不可能否定我們自己的提議。句子主語(yǔ)是We，根據(jù)題干可知likely符合句意。

9.翻譯題

Severalyearsago,aformerSaudioilministerissuedwhathassincebecomeanoft-quotedprophecy:“TheStoneAgedidnotendforlackofstone,andtheOilAgewillendlongbeforetheworldrunsoutofoil”.Itwasalament,andacknowledgementthatadayofreckoningwascomingthatwouldchangetheglobalbalanceofwealthandpower.AflukeofgeologyhadmadethevastemptinessoftheSaudidesertthenumberonesourceofthemostimportantcommodityonearth.Butthegoodtimeswouldnot,andcouldnot,lastforever,andheknewit.

Ifyougobackfarenough,youcantracetheprosperityandsecurityofnations,corporations,andevenindividualstoenergy.Andinourpetroleum-dependentworld,that,forthemostpart,meansOilGovernmentriseandfallonit,armiesrunonit,companiesrelyonit,andconsumersdependonitfromthetimetheywaketotheirclockradiostothemomenttheyturnofftheirTVsandfallasleep.Forthepastcentury,despiterisingpricesandoccasional“crises”—moreoftenthannotmanufacturedeventsresultingfrompoliticaloreconomicforces—therehasalwaysbeenenoughoilavailabletokeeptheenginesofglobalgrowthhumming.Butthatisaluxuryofthepast.Inthefuture,anewanduncertainenergyageisemerging.

【答案】幾年前，一位前沙特石油部長(zhǎng)發(fā)表了這一預(yù)言，后來(lái)成為人們經(jīng)常引用的預(yù)言：“石器時(shí)代并沒(méi)有因?yàn)槿鄙偈^而結(jié)束，石油時(shí)代將在世界石油枯竭之前結(jié)束?！彼吹爻姓J(rèn)，清算的日子即將到來(lái)，全球財(cái)富與權(quán)力的平衡將會(huì)被改變。地理上的意外收獲使廣袤空曠的沙特沙漠成為地球上最重要商品的最重要的來(lái)源。但是，美好的時(shí)光不可能永遠(yuǎn)持續(xù)下去，他很清楚這一點(diǎn)。

如果你追溯到足夠久遠(yuǎn)的時(shí)代，你可以將國(guó)家的安全和繁榮、企業(yè)甚至個(gè)人都能與能源聯(lián)系起來(lái)。在我們這個(gè)依賴石油的世界上，在很大程度上，這意味著石油政府依賴于石油而起起落落，軍隊(duì)依賴于它而運(yùn)行，公司依賴它，消費(fèi)者也依賴它，當(dāng)他們從收音機(jī)的鬧鐘中醒來(lái)的時(shí)候，直到他們關(guān)掉電視睡著的那一刻。在過(guò)去的一個(gè)世紀(jì)里，盡管價(jià)格不斷上漲，偶爾也會(huì)發(fā)生危機(jī)，但往往是政治或經(jīng)濟(jì)力量造成的事件，使得總有足夠的石油供應(yīng)提供動(dòng)力，來(lái)維持全球經(jīng)濟(jì)的增長(zhǎng)。但這是過(guò)去的奢侈。未來(lái)，一個(gè)新的、不確定的能源時(shí)代正在形成。

10.單選題

Intheprocessofacquiringknowledge,asmuchcanbelearnedfromseekingasfromfinding,fromjourneysasfrom（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.travel

B.destination

C.instruction

D.seeking

【答案】B

【解析】根據(jù)句意可知,“seeking”和“finding”相對(duì),那么填空處的詞應(yīng)該與“journeys”相對(duì),首先排除選項(xiàng)D;其次選項(xiàng)A與之意思相同,也可排除;選項(xiàng)C不符合句意;只有選項(xiàng)B正確。

11.翻譯題

Idon’trecallFrenchcivilizationfeelingsoimportantinmylifetime.Therewillbeuglyargumentsoverthecomingweeks,oncethefirstshockpasses,overwhowasresponsible,howthisdisasterhappened,whatnegligencewasinvolved.Butinthosesilent,reverent,hymn-singingcrowdsonthestreetsofParis,IalsosawthepossibilityofaFrenchcoming-togetherinthedeterminationtorebuildnotonlytheNotre-Damecathedral,butalsoanationshakenbytheviolenceoftheYellowVestmovementandthesocialdivisionsitreflects.ThestoryofNotre-Dameisastoryofenduranceandrebirth.

【答案】在我的一生中，法國(guó)文明從未有過(guò)如此重要的感覺(jué)。在接下來(lái)的幾周內(nèi)，一旦第一波沖擊過(guò)去，誰(shuí)應(yīng)該對(duì)此負(fù)責(zé)，這場(chǎng)災(zāi)難是如何發(fā)生的，哪些過(guò)失牽涉其中，將會(huì)有令人不快的爭(zhēng)論。但在那些沉默的,虔誠(chéng)的,只需人群在巴黎街頭,我也看到了一個(gè)法國(guó)相遇了的可能性的決心重建不僅圣母院大教堂,也是一個(gè)國(guó)家遭受的暴力黃色背心運(yùn)動(dòng)和社會(huì)部門反映。巴黎圣母院的故事是一個(gè)關(guān)于忍耐和重生的故事。

12.單選題

Economicsinvolvesthestudyoftopicslikewealthandpoverty,moneyandbanks,incomes,taxes,prosperityanddepression,bigbusinessandlaborunions,andhundredsofothermattersthatintimatelyaffectthewaywelive.Economicforcessurroundourdailylives,influencinghoweasyorhowharditistogetajob,howmuchwecanearninourchosenoccupations,andhowmuchourpaycheckswillbuyafterwereceivethem.

Economicfactorsaremajorconcernsingovernment’sdecisionsabouthowmuchtospendandforwhatpurposes,andhowmuchtoraiseintaxesandwhoshouldbetaxedaswellasintheirevaluationsoftheconsequencesofwar,peace,anddisarmament.Urbanslums,jobdiscrimination,unequaleducationalopportunities,andcivilrightshaveimportantconsequencesforallofusforboththosewhoarediscriminatedagainstandthosewhoarenot.Atastillmoregloballeveleconomicfactorsareinvolvedinbirth,health,death,populationgrowth,andthedynamicsofhistory.

Infact,probablywithoutexception,eachtopicineconomicsnotonlytouchessomewhereonyourownpersonallifebutisalsoimportanttosomecurrenteconomicproblemsofgovernmentonsocialpolicyandis,atthesametime,involvedinthelong-rangeconcernsofhumanhistory.

Thecommonthreadthatrunsthroughallofthesetopics,bindingthemtogetherintoacoherentbodyofstudy,isthatonewayoranothereachdealswiththewaysocietyproducesandusesgoodsandservices.Practicallynothingthatweeat,wear,orusecomestousdirectlyfromnature.Aloafofbreadistheendresultoflongseriesofoperationsthatbeginswithplantingandharvestinggrainandproceedsthroughmilling,baking,andshippingtothepointatwhichthehousewifecanpicktheloafoffthegrocer’sshelf.Thedriverfillinghistankataservicesstationistakingthefinalstepinalongchainofactivities:drillingoilwells,movingpetroleuminshipsandpipelines,chemicaltreatment,refiningandstorage.Thesameisgenerallytrueofallgoods.

Theprocessofbridgingthegapbetweentheoriginalresourcesofnatureandneedsofthefinalconsumerisproduction.Productionincludesanyactivitythatmakesgoodsandservicesavailabletopeople.Itisnotrestrictedtoworkontangiblephysicalcommodities,butencompassesservicesaswell.Doctors,lawyers,teachers,andbarbersareproductive,asareactors,musicians,entertainers,andotherswhoperformservicesforourbenefits.

1.Whichofthefollowingisnotmentionedinthepassage?

2.Wemayinferfromthecontextthattheword“encompass”(Line4,Paragraph5)means（）

3.Accordingtothepassage,economicsisthestudyof（）

4.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?

5.Whichofthefollowingcanbelearnedfromthepassage?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Economicfactorsinfluenceourdailylife.

B.Economicfactorsaremajorconcernsingovernment’sdecisionsaboutsomepolicies.

C.Whatwestudyineconomicsishowgovernmentsinfluencetheuseofland,labor,capital,etc.

D.Theservicesofwholesalers,retailersandbankersareanimportantpartoftheproductiveprocess.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.surround

B.enclose

C.encircle

D.include

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.productionandconsumption

B.government’spolicy

C.activitiesthatmakegoodsavailabletopeople

D.consequencesofwarandpeace.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Theservicesofdoctors,lawyersandteachersareunproductive.

B.Economicfactorsareinvolvedinthedevelopmentofhistory.

C.Allthatweeat,wear,orusecomestousdirectlyfromnature.

D.Jobdiscriminationandunequaleducationalopportunitieshaveimportantconsequencesonlyforthosewhoarediscriminatedagainst.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Urbanslums,jobdiscrimination,unequaleducationalopportunities,andcivilrightsareexcludedfromeconomicfactors.

B.Eachtopicineconomicsdealswiththewaysocietyproducesandusesgoodsandservices.

C.Governmentpoliciesdeterminethelinkbetweentheresourcesofnatureandneedsoftheconsumer.

D.Ahousewifecannotpickaloafofbreadoffthegrocer’sshelfunlessthereisagoodharvest.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:B

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。第一段的一二句“...affectthewaywelive.”對(duì)應(yīng)選項(xiàng)A；第二段的第一句“Economicfactorsaremajorconcernsingovernment’sdecisions...”對(duì)應(yīng)選項(xiàng)B；最后一段的第三句“Itisnotrestrictedtoworkontangiblephysicalcommodities,butencompassesservicesaswell.”對(duì)應(yīng)選項(xiàng)D。只有選項(xiàng)C在文中沒(méi)有提及。

2.詞義題。根據(jù)原文：它不限制于有形的物質(zhì)設(shè)施,但是也服務(wù)。選項(xiàng)D包括,與原文encompass意思最相近。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第四段的第一句“...,isthatonewayoranothereachdealswiththewaysocietyproducesandusesgoodsandservices.”每個(gè)主題都以這樣或那樣的方式處理社會(huì)生產(chǎn)和使用商品和服務(wù)的方式。所以選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)最后一段的最后一句“Doctors,lawyers,teachers,andbarbersareproductive...”可知選項(xiàng)A錯(cuò)誤；根據(jù)第三段的最后一句“atthesametime,involvedinthelong-rangeconcernsofhumanhistory.”可知選項(xiàng)B正確；根據(jù)第四段的第二句“Practicallynothingthatweeat,wear,orusecomestousdirectlyfromnature.”可知選項(xiàng)C錯(cuò)誤；根據(jù)第二段的第二句“jobdiscrimination,...andthosewhoarenot.”可知選項(xiàng)D也錯(cuò)誤。所以本題選B。

5.判斷推理題。根據(jù)第四段的第一句“Thecommonthreadthatrunsthroughallofthesetopics,bindingthemtogetherintoacoherentbodyofstudy,isthatonewayoranothereachdealswiththewaysocietyproducesandusesgoodsandservices.”由此可以推斷選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

13.單選題

Twoofthechildrenhavetosleepinonebed,buttheotherthreehave（）ones.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.similar

B.singular

C.different

D.separate

【答案】D

【解析】形容詞詞義辨析。句意：兩個(gè)孩子必須睡在一張床上，而另外三個(gè)孩子睡在不同的床上。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，這里指分開(kāi)的獨(dú)立的床，選項(xiàng)D符合語(yǔ)境。

14.單選題

Heisapromisingyoungmanwhoisnowstudyingatourgraduateschool.Ashissupervisor,Iwouldliketo（

）himtoyournotice.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.commend

B.decree

C.presume

D.articulate

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。commend“推薦，稱贊”；decree“命令，頒布，判決”；presume“假定，推測(cè)”；articulate“發(fā)音，清楚地講話”。句意：他是個(gè)有前途的年輕人，現(xiàn)在在我們研究院學(xué)習(xí)，作為他的導(dǎo)師，我樂(lè)意向你推薦他。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

15.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

Exceptionalchildrenaredifferentinsomesignificantwayfromothersofthesameage.Forthesechildrentodeveloptotheirfulladultpotential,theireducationmustbeadaptedtothosedifferences.

Althoughwefocusontheneedsofexceptionalchildren,wefindourselvesdescribingtheirenvironmentaswell.Whiletheleadingactoronthestagecapturesourattention,weareawareoftheimportanceofthesupportingplayersandthesceneryoftheplayitself.Boththefamilyandthesocietyinwhichexceptionalchildrenliveareoftenthekeytotheirgrowthanddevelopment.Anditisinthepublicschoolsthatwefindthefullexpressionofsociety’sunderstanding—theknowledge,hopesandfearsthatarepassedontothenextgeneration.

Educationinanysocietyismirrorofthatsociety.Inthatmirrorwecanseethestrengths,theweakness,thehopes,theprejudices,andthecentralvaluesofthecultureitself.Thegreatinterestinexceptionalchildrenshowninpubliceducationoverthepastthreedecadesindicatesthestrongfeelinginoursocietythatallcitizens,whatevertheirspecialconditions,deservetheopportunitytofullydeveloptheircapabilities.

“Allmenarecreatedequal.”We’vehearditmanytimes,butitstillhasimportantmeaningforeducationinademocraticsociety.Althoughthephrasewasusedbythiscountry’sfounderstodenoteequalitybeforethelaw,ithasalsobeeninterpretedtomeanequalityofopportunity.Thatconceptimplieseducationalopportunityforallchildren—therightofeachchildtoreceivehelpinlearningtothelimitsofhisorhercapacity,whetherthatcapacitybesmallorgreat.Recentcourtdecisionshaveconfirmedtherightofallchildren—disabledornot—toanappropriateeducation,andhaveorderedthatpublicschoolstakethenecessarystepstoprovidethateducation.Inresponse,schoolsaremodifyingtheirprogram,adaptinginstructiontochildrenwhoareexceptional,tothosewhocannotprofitsubstantiallyfromregularprograms.

1.Whatisthepurposeforauthortocitetheexampleofstageinparagraph2?

2.Whydoespublicpaymuchattentiontoexceptionaleducation?

3.WhichoneofthefollowingactionshasNOTbeentakentofacilitateexceptionaleducation?

4.Theword“substantially”inparagraph4isclosestinmeaningto（）.

5.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Toshowthoseexceptionalchildrenaremoreeasilyinfluencedthannormalchildren.

B.Toindicatethoseexceptionalchildrenhavegreatpotentials.

C.Toidentifyallmenareborntobeequal.

D.Toillustratetheimportanceofenvironmentsuchasfamilyandsociety.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Exceptionaleducationisapartofcompulsoryeducation.

B.Thebeliefthatexceptionalchildrenshoulddeveloptheirpotentialsaswell.

C.Exceptionaleducationhasbeenunderestimatedforalongtime.

D.Exceptionaleducationisareflectionofsociety.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Courtshaveconfirmedtherightforexceptionalchildrentoreceiveeducation.

B.Governmentshavemadepoliciestoprotectexceptionaleducation.

C.Schoolsareforcedbycourtstotakeactionstooffereducationforexceptionalchildren.

D.Schoolshaveappropriatedprogramsandinstructiontosatisfytheneedofexceptionalchildren.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.stunningly

B.generally

C.adequately

D.fundamentally

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Thenecessityofadaptingeducationtoexceptionalchildren.

B.Thespecialtyofexceptionalchildren.

C.Theintroductionofeducationprograms.

D.Theresponsibilitiesofgovernmentforthoseexceptionalchildren.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】第1題:推理判斷題。通過(guò)列舉了舞臺(tái)的例子，作者強(qiáng)調(diào)了配角和劇中布景的重要性，結(jié)合下文Boththefamilyandthesocietyinwhichexceptionalchildrenliveareoftenthekeytotheirgrowthanddevelopment（特殊兒童所生活的家庭和社會(huì)往往是他們成長(zhǎng)和發(fā)展的關(guān)鍵）可知，對(duì)特殊兒童而言，家庭和社會(huì)環(huán)境也是很重要的，因此D選項(xiàng)“說(shuō)明環(huán)境的重要性，如家庭和社會(huì)”正確。

第2題:推理判斷題。由第三段第三句Thegreatinterestinexceptionalchildrenshowninpubliceducationoverthepastthreedecadesindicatesthestrongfeelinginoursocietythatallcitizens,whatevertheirspecialconditions,deservetheopportunitytofullydeveloptheircapabilities（在過(guò)去的30年中，公共教育對(duì)特殊兒童的極大興趣表明了我們社會(huì)中的一種強(qiáng)烈想法，那就是所有的公民，無(wú)論其情況有多特殊，都應(yīng)享有充分發(fā)展其能力的機(jī)會(huì)）可推斷出B選項(xiàng)“特殊兒童也應(yīng)該開(kāi)發(fā)他們的潛能的信念”符合題意。

第3題:事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。需注意題干中的NOT，因此要找出文中沒(méi)有提及的措施。由第四段第五句Recentcourtdecisionshaveconfirmedtherightofallchildren—disabledornot—toanappropriateeducation,andhaveorderedthatpublicschoolstakethenecessarystepstoprovidethateducation（最近的法院判決確認(rèn)了所有兒童，無(wú)論殘疾與否，都有接受適當(dāng)教育的權(quán)利，并命令公立學(xué)校采取必要措施提供這種教育）可排除A選項(xiàng)和C選項(xiàng)；由本文最后一句Inresponse,schoolsaremodifyingtheirprogram,adaptinginstructiontochildrenwhoareexceptional,tothosewhocannotprofitsubstantiallyfromregularprograms（作為回應(yīng)，學(xué)校正在調(diào)整課程，使教學(xué)能夠適應(yīng)特殊兒童，那些不能從常規(guī)課程中真正獲益的兒童的需要）可排除D選項(xiàng)，因此B選項(xiàng)為正確答案。

第4題:語(yǔ)義推測(cè)題。根據(jù)上下文可知，學(xué)校正在調(diào)整課程，以適應(yīng)特殊兒童的需要，因此可以推斷出，常規(guī)課程是不足以應(yīng)對(duì)特殊兒童的，substantially應(yīng)為“足夠的”，C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

第5題:主旨大意題。解題關(guān)鍵句通常在第一段或最后一段，由第一段第二句Forthesechildrentodeveloptotheirfulladultpotential,theireducationmustbeadaptedtothosedifferences（為了讓這些孩子充分發(fā)展他們成年后的潛能，他們的教育必須適應(yīng)這些差異）可知A選項(xiàng)“使教育適應(yīng)殘疾兒童的必要性”為正確答案。

16.單選題

Theshipswerefoundtobeunsuitablefortheconditionsinwhichtheyhadsupposedlybeen

A

B

C

D

adapted.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.tobe

B.unsuitable

C.unsuitable

D.supposedly

【答案】C

【解析】考查介詞搭配。C選項(xiàng)為“介詞+which”引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，adaptto（適應(yīng)）為固定搭配，此處將介提前，因此用介詞to。

試題答案：C;towhich

17.單選題

IntheUnitedStates,thefirstdaynurserywasopenedin1854.Nurserieswereestablishedinvariousareasduringthe（1）halfofthe19thcentury;mostof（2）werecharitable.BothinEuropeandintheU.S.,theday-nurserymovementreceivedgreat（3）duringtheFirstWorldWar,when（4）ofmanpowercausedtheindustrialemploymentofunprecedentednumbersofwomen.InsomeEuropeancountries,nurserieswereestablished（5）inmunitionsplants,underdirectgovernmentsponsorship.（6）thenumberofnurseriesintheU.S.alsorose（7）,thisrisewasaccomplishedwithoutgovernmentaidofanykind.DuringtheyearsfollowingtheFirstWorldWar,（8）,FederalStateandlocalgovernmentsgraduallybegantoexerciseameasureofcontrol（9）thedaynurseries,chieflyby（10）themandbyinspectingandregulatingtheconditionswithinthenurseries.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.latter

B.other

C.late

D.first

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.those

B.them

C.whose

D.which

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.impetus

B.input

C.imitation

D.initiative

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.sources

B.abundance

C.shortage

D.reduction

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.hardly

B.entirely

C.only

D.even

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.Because

B.As

C.Since

D.Although

問(wèn)題7選項(xiàng)

A.unanimously

B.sharply

C.predominantly

D.militantly

問(wèn)題8選項(xiàng)

A.therefore

B.consequently

C.however

D.moreover

問(wèn)題9選項(xiàng)

A.over

B.in

C.at

D.about

問(wèn)題10選項(xiàng)

A.formulating

B.labeling

C.patenting

D.licensing

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:D

第6題:D

第7題:B

第8題:C

第9題:A

第10題:A

【解析】（1）上下文語(yǔ)義題。根據(jù)上文中提到1954年，時(shí)間應(yīng)該為19世紀(jì)后期，故選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

（2）代詞詞義解析。本句為一個(gè)獨(dú)立的簡(jiǎn)單句，所以課排除關(guān)系代詞whose和which，those意思是他們的形容詞性物主代詞，選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

（3）名詞詞義解析。impetus“推動(dòng)”；input“輸入”；imitation“模仿”；initiative“主動(dòng)權(quán)”。句意：日托所運(yùn)動(dòng)在一戰(zhàn)期間受到了極大的推動(dòng)力。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

（4）上下文語(yǔ)境題。sources“來(lái)源”；abundance“豐富：充?！保籹hortage“短缺”；reduction“減少”。此句的意思應(yīng)該表示男性勞動(dòng)力的短缺，選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

（5）邏輯關(guān)系考查題。根據(jù)上下文，這里是對(duì)建立日托所運(yùn)動(dòng)的一個(gè)進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明。所以用even甚至這個(gè)單詞。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

（6）邏輯關(guān)系考查題。文章中的“withoutgovernmentaidofanykind”與“underdirectgovernmentsponsorship”存在鮮明對(duì)比，意思完全相反，所以有轉(zhuǎn)折意思。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

（7）考查副詞。unanimously“無(wú)異議地”；sharply“急劇地”；predominantly“支配地”；militantly“好戰(zhàn)地”。句意：在美國(guó)，托兒所的數(shù)量急速增長(zhǎng)，政府并未給予援助。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

（8）邏輯關(guān)系考查。根據(jù)上下文，此句存在轉(zhuǎn)折意義。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

（9）固定短語(yǔ)考查?？疾榻樵~搭配，controlover“控制”，選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

（10）動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。formulating“規(guī)范”；labeling“貼標(biāo)簽”；patenting“取得……的專利權(quán)”；licensing“批準(zhǔn)”。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

18.單選題

ThereareAmericanswhovisitFranceandcomebacksaying“theFrencharesorude.”Ifeeldifferently.IthinkAmericansperceiveFrenchbehavior“rude”becauseitdoesn'tfollowAmericanrules.Youcan'tassumethateveryoneinFranceshouldspeakEnglish.Youcan'tapproachaFrenchstrangerwithabigAmericanhelloand“howareyou”andexpectthemtorespondinkind.However,ifyoulookthemintheeye,giveaslightnodwithagentlehello,theywillrespondfavorably.

MostFrenchpeopleImeetaresubtleanddignified.Theyarenotloud,andtheyarereservedintheirexpressions.Weliketosaywordslike“great”,“magnificent”,or“marvelous”TheFrenchwillsay“pasmal”(notbad)eveniftheywinthelottery!AndyouwillbewrongifyouthinkEuropeansdon'thavetheirownnegativeideaofAmericans.MostyoungEuropeansI'vemetviewAmericansas“fake”andloud,sincewedotendtohavebighellosandsmilesforstrangersandask“howareyou”andwalkawaybeforearesponse.WeshouldmakeaconsciousefforttoshowtheFrenchthatwecanadjusttooursurroundings,andthatwedon'texpecttoenteraforeigncountryandhaveeverythingbejustaswewishittobe.

Iwasn’tabletocompletelyforgetmyAmericanrootsduringmystay.Iwasstilltheonegettingstrangelookswearingmysandalsinthecold(withsocksofcourse).Iwasstilltheonewiththeloudestlaugh.AndIcouldneverquitegetmyvoicetothatlevelwhichis“l(fā)oudenoughforthewaitertohearbutnotnearbydiners”IwillalwaysfeelabitlikeanawkwardteenagerasIstumblemywayaroundEurope.IwasveryluckyinthatmyFrenchfriendsinsistedmyAmericanidiosyncrasies(習(xí)性)werecharminganddeservingofacceptance.

SolookattheFrenchinanewlight.Theyhavearichculture,arichpast.Icanattesttothefactthatifyouarekindandpolite,youwillgainfriends,andperhapsevenimproveforeignrelations!

1.Accordingtothepassage,whatmakesAmericansthinkthattheFrencharerude?

2.ComparedwithAmericans,theFrenchtendto（）whentheygivecompliments.

3.Whichoftheflowingdoestheauthorprobablyagree?

4.Themainpurposeofthepassagecanbebestputasto（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.ThewayFrenchpeoplegreetstrangersinpublicisimpoliteandunkind.

B.ThewayFrenchpeoplebehavediffersfromwhatAmericansareusedto.

C.FewFrenchholdafriendlyorfavorableattitudetowardEnglishspeakers.

D.FewFrenchrespondtostrangersgentleandkindgreetingsfavorably.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.speakataloudanddignifiedvoice

B.avoidusingnegativeexpressions

C.choosesubtleandmoderateexpressions

D.begenerousandsomewhatexaggerating

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Oneshouldsticktohisownculturewhenhecommunicateswithforeigners.

B.Oneshouldfullyadapttotheculturalnormsofaforeigncountryhelivesin.

C.Onecankeepsomerulesofhisnativeculturewhenlivinginaforeigncounty.

D.Onecaneasilymakefriendswithforeignersbylearningtheiridiosyncrasies

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.explainaculturalconceptbycomparingtwopeoples’behaviors

B.tellatruestorybasedontheauthor’sownexperienceinaforeigncountry

C.proveapopularviewonanationbyuseoflogicalreasoning

D.refuteanationalstereotypewithevidencefromtheauthor'sownexperience

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:C

第4題:D

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干定位到原文第一段“IthinkAmericansperceiveFrenchbehavior"rude"becauseitdoesn'tfollowAmericanrules.”我認(rèn)為美國(guó)人認(rèn)為法國(guó)人的行為“粗魯”，因?yàn)樗蛔袷孛绹?guó)的規(guī)則。A選項(xiàng)“法國(guó)人與陌生人在公眾場(chǎng)合打招呼的方式是不禮貌和不友好的”，B選項(xiàng)“法國(guó)人與美國(guó)人的行為方式所習(xí)慣的不同”，C選項(xiàng)“很少有法國(guó)人對(duì)說(shuō)英語(yǔ)的人持友好或有利的態(tài)度”。D選項(xiàng)“很少有法國(guó)人會(huì)親切地問(wèn)候陌生人”。因此，B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干定位到第二段首句“MostFrenchpeopleImeetaresubtleanddignified.”A選項(xiàng)“大聲而莊重的說(shuō)話”，B選項(xiàng)“避免使用消極的表達(dá)”，C選項(xiàng)“選擇微妙和適度的表達(dá)”。D選項(xiàng)“慷慨一點(diǎn)，夸張一點(diǎn)”。因此，C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

3.判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干定位到原文中的“Iwasn'tabletocompletelyforgetmyAmericanrootsduringmystay.Iwasstilltheonegettingstrangelookswearingmysandalsinthecold(withsocksofcourse).”在逗留期間，我沒(méi)能完全忘記我的美國(guó)根。我仍然是那個(gè)在寒冷的天氣里穿著涼鞋(當(dāng)然是襪子)，被別人奇怪地看著的人。對(duì)應(yīng)C選項(xiàng)“一個(gè)人在異國(guó)他鄉(xiāng)生活時(shí)，可以保持一些本國(guó)文化的規(guī)則”。A選項(xiàng)“當(dāng)一個(gè)人與外國(guó)人交流時(shí)，他應(yīng)該堅(jiān)持自己的文化”?！癢eshouldmakeaconsciousefforttoshowtheFrenchthatwecanadjusttooursurroundings,andthatwedon'texpecttoenteraforeigncountryandhaveeverythingbejustaswewishittobe.”我們應(yīng)該有意識(shí)地向法國(guó)人表明，我們能夠適應(yīng)我們的環(huán)境，我們不希望進(jìn)入一個(gè)外國(guó)，一切都像我們希望的那樣。可得知A選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。B選項(xiàng)“一個(gè)人應(yīng)該完全適應(yīng)他所生活的外國(guó)的文化規(guī)范”，完全適應(yīng)過(guò)于絕對(duì)。D選項(xiàng)“通過(guò)了解外國(guó)人的性格特點(diǎn)，我們可以很容易地和他們交朋友”。原文沒(méi)有提到。因此，C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

4.作者意圖題。題目問(wèn)的是這篇文章的主要目的最好的解釋是什么，定位到文章的首段“ThereareAmericanswhovisitFranceandcomebacksaying"theFrencharesorude."Ifeeldifferently.”有些美國(guó)人到法國(guó)旅游回來(lái)后說(shuō):“法國(guó)人太粗魯了。”我感覺(jué)不一樣。后文也是用自己的親身經(jīng)歷來(lái)反駁這些美國(guó)人的觀點(diǎn)。A選項(xiàng)“通過(guò)比較兩個(gè)人的行為來(lái)解釋一個(gè)文化概念”，B選項(xiàng)“根據(jù)作者自己在國(guó)外的經(jīng)歷講一個(gè)真實(shí)的故事”，C選項(xiàng)“用邏輯推理證明一個(gè)國(guó)家的流行觀點(diǎn)”，D選項(xiàng)“用作者自己的經(jīng)驗(yàn)來(lái)反駁國(guó)家的刻板印象”。因此，D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

19.單選題

Thecompanycanconstantlymonitorthelevelofheatandenergyandadjust（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.accordingly

B.basically

C.conventionally

D.subjectively

【答案】A

【解析】考查副詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)accordingly“相應(yīng)地”；B選項(xiàng)basically“基本地”；C選項(xiàng)conventionally“傳統(tǒng)地”；D選項(xiàng)subjectively“主觀地”。題干意思：公司可以不間斷地監(jiān)控?zé)崃亢湍茉吹闹笖?shù)，并且（）進(jìn)行調(diào)整。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

20.單選題

Ingeneral,oursocietyisbecomingoneofgiantenterprisesdirectedbyabureaucraticmanagementinwhichmanbecomesasmall,well-oiledcoginthemachinery.Theoilingisdonewithhigherwages,well-ventilatedfactoriesandpipedmusic,andbypsychologistsand“human-relations”experts;yetallthisoilingdoesnotalterthetactthatmanhasbecomepowerless,thathedoesnotwholeheartedlyparticipateinhisworkandthatheisboredwithit.Infact,theblue-collarandthewhite-collarworkershavebecomeeconomicpuppetswhodancetothetuneofautomatedmachinesandbureaucraticmanagement.

Theworkerandemployeeareanxious,notonlybecausetheymightfindthemselvesoutofajob;theyareanxiousalsobecausetheyareunabletoacquireanyrealsatisfactionorinterestinlife.Theyliveanddiewithouteverhavingconfrontedthefundamentalrealitiesofhumanexistenceasemotionallyandintellectuallyindependentandproductivehumanbeings.

Thosehigheruponthesocialladderarenolessanxious.Theirlivesarenolessemptythanthoseoftheirsubordinates.Theyareevenmoreinsecureinsomerespects.Theyareinahighlycompetitiverace.Tobepromotedortofallbehindisnotamatterofsalarybutevenmoredmatterofself-respect.Whentheyapplyfortheirfirstjob,theyaretestedforintelligenceaswellasforthetightmixtureofsubmissivenessandindependence.Fromthatmomentontheyaretestedagainandagainbythepsychologists,forwhomtestingisabigbusiness,andbytheirsuperiors,whojudgetheirbehavior,sociability,capacitytogetalong.etc.Thisconstantneedtoprovethatoneisasgoodasorbetterthanone'sfellow-competitorcreatesconstantanxietyandstress,theverycausesofunhappinessandillness.

AmIsuggestingthatweshouldreturntothepreindustrialmodeofproductionortonineteenth-century“freeenterprise”capitalism?Certainlynot.Problemsareneversolvedbyreturningtoastagewhichonehasalreadyoutgrown.Isuggesttransformingoursocialsystemfromabureaucraticallymanagedindustrialisminwhichmaximalproductionandconsumptionareendsinthemselvesintoahumanistindustrialisminwhich