考研考博-英語-南京工業(yè)大學(xué)浦江學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解1

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-南京工業(yè)大學(xué)浦江學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共100題)1.單選題

Long-termexposuretomassmediaportrayalsofviolencemightmaketheaudienceinsensitiveor_____torealactsofviolence.

問題1選項

A.emotionallyneutral

B.neutrallyemotional

C.emotionallymutual

D.mutuallyemotional

【答案】A

【解析】考查詞義。neutral“中立的”，emotionally“情緒上；感情上”。句意：觀眾在大眾媒體上看多了暴力就會對暴力持中立態(tài)度，即對暴力失去了感覺。neutral表示觀眾對暴力的態(tài)度，emotionally則用來修飾neutral，表示“情感上是中立的”。因此A選項符合題意。

2.單選題

Duringtheirfirstteachertrainingyear,thestudentsoftenvisitedlocalschoolsforthe___oflessons.

問題1選項

A.observation

B.investigation

C.inspection

D.examination

【答案】A

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.observation觀察；監(jiān)視B.investigation調(diào)查；調(diào)查研究

C.inspection視察；檢查D.examination考試；檢查

【考查點】名詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)句意，教師實習(xí)的學(xué)生經(jīng)常去學(xué)校參加培訓(xùn)，培訓(xùn)的內(nèi)容是forthe____oflessons，由此可以推斷出進行教師實習(xí)的學(xué)生是去本地的學(xué)校觀察上課。observation指一段時間內(nèi)仔細觀察某人/某事物的行為，尤指為了學(xué)習(xí)某事物。因此A.observation“觀察”符合題意。

【干擾項排除】

B選項investigation指對某一情況、犯罪等事實的官方審查，或者是對某一主題或問題的事實進行的科學(xué)或?qū)W術(shù)檢查，而本句重點在于去觀察當?shù)貙W(xué)校的課程，不屬于犯罪等事實，也不屬于科學(xué)或?qū)W術(shù)檢查；

C選項inspection指對學(xué)校、工廠等的正式訪問，以檢查規(guī)章是否被遵守，標準是否可接受，教師實習(xí)的學(xué)生并不是正式訪問，排除；

D選項examination指仔細檢查（某事物/某人），尤指檢查是否有問題或找出問題的原因，不符合句子語境。

【句意】在他們的第一個教師培訓(xùn)年，學(xué)生們經(jīng)常去當?shù)貙W(xué)校觀察課程。

3.單選題

NowapaperinSciencearguesthatorganicchemicalsintherockcomemostlyfrom（

）onearthratherthanbacteriaonMars.

問題1選項

A.configuration

B.constitution

C.condemnation

D.contamination

【答案】D

【解析】考察名詞詞義辨析。Configuration“布置，結(jié)構(gòu)”；constitution“建立，組成，憲法”;condemnation“譴責(zé)”;contamination“污染，玷污;污染物”。句意：最近在《科學(xué)》雜志上發(fā)表的一篇文章認為，巖層大部分有有機化學(xué)物質(zhì)來自于地球上的污染而不是火星上的細菌。選項D符合題意。

4.單選題

Ingeneral,the（

）amountthatastudentspendsforhousingshouldbeheldtoone-fifthofthetotalforlivingexpenses.

問題1選項

A.acceptable

B.advisable

C.available

D.applicable

【答案】B

【解析】形容詞詞義辨析。句意：一般來說，學(xué)生在住房上的開支應(yīng)控制在生活費總額的五分之一以內(nèi)。根據(jù)句意可知，這里指可用的費用，選項B更符合句意。

5.單選題

Botanistsarenotsurewherethefirstplantwasgrownoreven（）.

問題1選項

A.whatplantwas

B.itwaswhatplant

C.whatplantwasit

D.whatplantitwas

【答案】D

【解析】語法題。主語為Botanists，謂語為arenotsure（不確定），因此where…grown為賓語從句，由題干關(guān)鍵詞or可知even這一部分也為并列的賓語從句，因此應(yīng)用陳述語序。故選D項。句意：植物學(xué)家不確定第一株植物生長在哪里，甚至不知道它是什么植物。

6.單選題

Themostusefulwayoflookingatamapisnotasapieceofpaper,butasarecordof（

）.

問題1選項

A.organizedgeographicalinformation

B.geographicalorganizedinformation

C.geographicallyorganizedinformation

D.organizedgeographicallyinformation

【答案】C

【解析】考查修飾關(guān)系。Organized是作定語修飾information,geographically修飾organized，選項C符合題意。

7.單選題

Questions19to21arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.

問題1選項

A.Alongthelow-lyingColoradoRiver.

B.AttheDinosaurNationalMonument.

C.AlongtheborderoftheU.S.andCanada.

D.Atmuseumsofnaturalhistoryinlargecities.20.

問題2選項

A.Volcanicexplosionscouldbringwholeanimalspeciestoextinction.

B.Somenaturaldisasterkilledawholeherdofdinosaursinthearea.

C.Thepitshouldbecarefullypreservedforthestudyofdinosaurs.

D.Thewholeregionmusthavebeenstruckbyadevastatingflood.21.

問題3選項

A.Theyfloateddownaneastwardflowingriver.

B.Theylayburieddeepinthesandformillionsofyears.

C.Theywereskeletonsofdinosaursinhabitingthelocality.

D.Theywereremainsofdinosaurskilledinavolcanicexplosion.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:A

【解析】RecordingTwo

Thepartialskeletonsofmorethan20dinosaursandscatteredbonesofabout300morehavebeendiscoveredinUtahandColoradoatwhatisnowtheDinosaurNationalMonument.[19]ManyofthebestspecimensmaybeseentodayatmuseumsofnaturalhistoryinthelargercitiesoftheUnitedStatesandCanada.Thisdinosaurpitisthelargestandbest-preserveddepositofdinosaursknowntoday.[20]Manypeoplegettheideafromthemassivebonesinthepitwallthatsomedisaster,suchasavolcanicexplosionorasuddenflood,killedawholeherdofdinosaursinthisarea.Thiscouldhavehappened,butitprobablydidnot.

Themainreasonsforthinkingotherwisearethescatteredbonesandthethicknessofthedeposit.Inotherdepositswheretheanimalswerethoughttohavediedtogether,theskeletonswereusuallycompleteandoftenalltheboneswereintheirproperplaces.Roundedpiecesoffossilbonehavebeenfoundhere.Thesefragmentsgottheirsmooth,roundshapebyrollingalongthestreambottom.Inamasskilling,theboneswould’vebeenleftonthestreamorlakebottomtogetheratthesamelevel.Butinthisdeposit,thebonesoccurthroughoutazoneofsandstoneabout12feetthick.

Themixtureofswampdwellersanddrylandtypesalsoseemstoindicatethatthedepositisamixturefromdifferentplaces.Thepitareaisalargedinosaurgraveyard—notaplacewheretheydied.[21]Mostoftheremainsprobablyfloateddownaneastwardflowingriveruntiltheywereleftonashallowsandbar.Someofthemmayhavecomefromfarawaydrylandareastothewest.Perhapstheydrownedtryingtocrossasmallstream,orwashedawayduringfloods.Someoftheswampdwellersmayhavegotstuckintheverysandbarthatbecametheirgrave.Othersmayhavefloatedformilesbeforebeingstranded.

Eventoday,similareventstakeplace:whenfloodscomeinthespring,sheep,cattle,anddeerareoftentrappedbyrisingwatersandoftendrown.Theirdeadbodiesfloatdownstreamuntilthefloodre-cedes,andleavesthemstrandedonabarorshorewheretheylie,halfburiedinthesanduntiltheydecay.EarlytravelersontheMissouriRiverreportedthatshoresandbarswereoftenlinedwiththedecayingbodiesofbuffalothathaddiedduringspringfloods.

19.WherecanmanyofthebestdinosaurspecimensbefoundinNorthAmerica?

【試題答案】D

【試題解析】題目問在北美哪里可以找到許多最好的恐龍標本？錄音中提到，如今可以在美國和加拿大一些大城市的自然歷史博物館里看到許多最好的標本，因此D選項“大城市的自然歷史博物館”與錄音原文一致，因此正確。A選項“地勢低洼的科羅拉多河沿岸”；B選項“國家恐龍紀念遺址”；錄音開頭提到，美國猶他州和科羅拉多州是恐龍骨骼的發(fā)掘地，如今被稱為DinosaurNationalMonument，并不是標本保存的地方，因此A選項和B選項均可排除；C選項“美國和加拿大的邊界沿線”，錄音中提到了美國和加拿大，但并未提到邊界，因此不正確。

20.Whatoccurstomanypeoplewhentheyseethemassivebonesinthepitwall?

【試題答案】B

【試題解析】題目問很多人看到坑壁里巨大的骨骼時會想到什么？錄音中提到，許多人看到巨坑中的恐龍骨骼，認為是一些自然災(zāi)害使得一大群的恐龍葬身在這片區(qū)域，B選項“一些自然災(zāi)害導(dǎo)致該地區(qū)一群恐龍死亡”與錄音原文表述一致，因此正確。A選項“火山爆發(fā)使得整個動物群滅絕”和D選項“整片地區(qū)一定是被洪流淹沒的”表述過于絕對，錄音中均沒有明確的信息可以證明，因此可排除；C選項“這個巨坑應(yīng)該小心保存下來用作恐龍研究”在錄音中未提及，因此不選。

21.Whatdoesthespeakersuggestaboutthelargenumberofdinosaurbonesfoundinthepit?

【試題答案】A

【試題解析】題目問說話人對于在巨坑中發(fā)現(xiàn)的大量恐龍骨骼有什么看法？錄音中提到，大部分遺骸可能是順著河流向東漂流而下，最后留在了一個淺灘上。A選項“它們順著河流向東漂流而下”正確。B選項“它們被深埋在沙子里達數(shù)百萬年之久”和C選項“它們是棲息在當?shù)氐目铸埖墓趋馈痹阡浺糁胁]有提及；D選項“它們是死于火山噴發(fā)的恐龍的遺骸”最具有干擾性，主要是利用錄音中的volcanicexplosion設(shè)置干擾，錄音中雖然明確提及火山噴發(fā)可能造成大群恐龍死于巨坑之中是其他人的觀點，并不是說話人的觀點，因此可排除。

8.單選題

Hewas____ofstealingandsenttoprisonforthethirdtime.

問題1選項

A.convicted

B.accused

C.charged

D.sentenced

【答案】A

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.convicted定罪B.accused控告；控訴

C.charged控告；起訴D.sentenced判決；宣判

【答案】A

【考查點】固定搭配。

【解題思路】句意：他被……偷竊罪并且第三次入獄。根據(jù)句意，應(yīng)該是被定罪為偷竊罪然后送入監(jiān)獄。beconvictedof“宣布有罪”符合語境，因此選A。

【干擾項排除】

B選項accused“控告；控訴”，beaccusedof“被指控”，根據(jù)句意，因為已經(jīng)送入監(jiān)獄，所以應(yīng)該是宣布有罪了，而不只是被指控有罪，該選項不符合語境；

C選項charged“控告；起訴”，固定搭配bechargedwith或bechargedof，表示“被指控”。根據(jù)句意，因為已經(jīng)送入監(jiān)獄，所以應(yīng)該是宣布有罪了，而不只是被指控有罪，該選項不符合語境；

D選項sentenced“判決；宣判”，其使用為besentencedto，因此不符合搭配。

【句意】他被宣告犯偷竊罪，第三次被送進監(jiān)獄。

9.填空題

Don'ttrytousethatprinter.It'sbeenoutof（

）forages.Idon’tknowwhytheystillhaven’trepairedit.

【答案】order

【解析】固定搭配。outoforder發(fā)生故障。

10.單選題

HadJudybeenmorecarefulonthemathsexam,she（）muchbetterresultsnow.

問題1選項

A.wouldbegetting

B.couldhavegot

C.mustget

D.wouldget

【答案】D

【解析】考查錯綜虛擬語氣。從句是對過去事實的虛擬，省略了if，因此為倒裝形式；主句是對現(xiàn)在情況的虛擬，因此主句用woulddo結(jié)構(gòu)。句意：如果朱迪在數(shù)學(xué)考試時能更加認真的話，她現(xiàn)在就會得到一個更好的分數(shù)。因此D選項正確。

11.單選題

Shellfishgivethe（）appearanceofenjoyingapeacefulexistencealthoughinfactlifeisaconstantstruggleforthem.

問題1選項

A.misled

B.deceptive

C.initial

D.understandable

【答案】B

【解析】句意：貝殼魚給人一種享受平靜生活的假象,但實際上它們的生活是一場不斷的斗爭。misled為動詞,把...帶錯方向,誤導(dǎo),放在此處不符合語法；deceptive迷惑的,虛偽的；initial最初的；understandable可以理解的。選項B符合句意。

12.單選題

Afterawholeday’sheavywork，theoldworkerreturnedhome,（

）.

問題1選項

A.hungryandfeltexhausting

B.hungerandexhausted

C.hungryandhavingbeenexhausted

D.hungryandexhausted

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞作狀語。題干的主語是theoldworker,空格處填兩個形容詞來修飾主語。根據(jù)前一句“在一天的勞累工作之后”可知這個老工人是饑餓并且疲憊的。exhausting使筋疲力盡的；exhausted疲憊的。故D項正確。句意：在經(jīng)歷一天的勞累工作后，這個老工人帶著饑餓和疲憊回家了。

13.寫作題

Directions:

Studythefollowingsetofdrawingscarefullyandwriteanessayinwhichyoushould

1)describethesetofdrawings,interpretitsmeaning,and

2)pointoutitsimplicationsinourlife.

Youshouldwriteabout200wordsneatlyonANSWERSHEET2.

【答案】參考范文

Asisshowninthetwopictures,thesameflowerhasdifferentfatewhenputindifferentsituations.Whenthereisprotection,theflowerbloomsbeautifully.However,whenexposeddirectlytorainandstorm,theflowerquicklywithers.Wecansafelycometotheconclusionthatgreenhouseflowerscannotwithstandrainandstorm.

Thesameistruewithourchildren.Astheone-childpolicyisadoptedinChina,moreandmoreparentsoverprotecttheirchildren.Witheverythingdoneforthemandeveryneedsatisfiedbytheirparentsorgrandparents,theseonlychildrenseemtobehealthy,happyandhigh-spirited.Butwhentheyleavehome,theybecomedisappointedandfrustrated.Facingharshthingstheyhaveneverexperiencedbefore,suchascompetitionfrompeers,criticismfromsupervisors,pressurefordeadlinesandrestrictionfordiscipline,theywillbeataloss,miserableorevendesperate.Infact,themoreprotectiontheygetfromtheirparents,thelessabilitytheyacquire.Parents’lovefortheirchildrenturnsouttobeadisaster.

Children,likeflowers,shouldbetreatedwithcare,butreasonableandsensiblewaysofdoingthingswillhelptobringaboutmorefruitfulresults,ifwenotonlyloveourchildrenbutalsoteachthemhowtolove,ourlovewillbepasseddownfromgenerationtogeneration;ifwenotonlysolveproblemsforourchildrenbutalsoencouragethemtosolveproblems,ourdiligenceandingenuitywillmakeourlifemoremeaningfulandworthwhile.

14.單選題

Outof（

）revenge,hedidhisworsttoblackenhercharacterandruinherreputation.

問題1選項

A.perfect

B.total

C.sheer

D.integral

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。Perfect“完美的”；total“全部的”；sheer“絕對的；純粹的”；integral“完整的”。句意：純粹是出于報復(fù)，他拼命詆毀她的人品，毀壞她的名譽。選項C符合題意。

15.單選題

Thepolicemenareperambulatingthestreets.

問題1選項

A.percolate

B.permute

C.perjure

D.patrol

【答案】D

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.percolate滲出，過濾B.permute改變次序，重新排列

C.perjure作偽證，破壞誓言D.patrol巡邏，巡查

【答案】D

【考查點】動詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞policemen（警察）和streets（街道）可推測，劃線單詞perambulating的意思是“巡邏”。因此，D選項含義與劃線部分詞義最為接近，故本題正確答案為D選項。

【干擾項排除】A、B、C項與劃線單詞的意思不符合。

【句意】警察在街上巡視。

16.單選題

Peoplewholiveinsmalltownsoftenseemmorefriendlythanthosewholivingin（）populatedareas.

問題1選項

A.abundantly

B.intensely

C.densely

D.intensively

【答案】C

【解析】考查副詞辨析。A選項abundantly“豐富地，大量地”；B選項intensely“強烈地”；C選項densely“濃密地，密集地”；D選項intensively“集中地，廣泛地”。根據(jù)句中的關(guān)鍵詞“than”可知，前后形成對比。句意：住在小城鎮(zhèn)的人似乎比住在人口稠密地區(qū)的人更友好。人口稠密用“denselypopulated”，所以選項C正確。

17.單選題

Theteacherdidn’tbelievethatTedwasannoyingmeuntilshesawhiminthe____actofpullingmyhair.

問題1選項

A.public

B.opponent

C.overt

D.oblique

【答案】C

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.public公開的；大庭廣眾的B.opponent反對者n.

C.overt公開的；公然的D.oblique隱晦的

【答案】C

【考查點】語義銜接與形容詞辨析

【解題思路】空格處前后語義為“老師一直不相信Ted在煩我，直到她看見他____扯我的頭發(fā)。”根據(jù)語義銜接可知，此處應(yīng)該為C選項overt“公開的；公然的”符合語義要求，側(cè)重于指行為不是偷偷做的。

【干擾項排除】

A選項public“公開的；大庭廣眾的”，側(cè)重于指面向公眾的；

B選項opponent“反對者”，不符合原文語義銜接；

D選項oblique“隱晦的”，不符合原文語義銜接。

【句意】直到老師看見Ted公然扯我的頭發(fā)時，她才相信他在煩我。

18.單選題

Withalltheseartsandpursuitsofpracticallife,theintellectualbusinessofthinking—ofsuchthinkingatleastasiscommontomostmen—andofcommunicatingthought,hasasortofaffinityandresemblance.For,unquestionably,itisoneamongthemanyproblemsofphilosophytoestablishawiseeconomyandprudentstewardshipofthatever-shiftingmassofincomingandoutgoingthoughtswhichmakeupourintellectualestateandproperty.Andthisisthemorenecessarythegreaterarethetreasuresofthoughtpossessedbyourage.For,inthehighlyrapidinterchangeofandtrafficinideas,whichiscarryingon,thereceiptsanddisbursementsarenotalwaysdulybalanced.Thereismuchcause,therefore,tofearlestathoughtlessandlavishdissipationofthenoblestmentalendowmentsshouldbecomeprevalent,orafalseandbaselesscredit-systeminthoughtspringupamidanabsolutedeficiencyofasolidandpermanentcapitalsafelyinvestedinfundamentalideasandlastingtruths.Asforthesecondsimile:Ishould,byallmeans,wishtogainavictory,notindeedforyou,butwithyou,oversomeofthemanyerrorsandmanysemblancesofthought,whichare,however,butcheatsandcounterfeitswhichdistractthemindsofthepresentgeneration,disturbtheharmonyoflife,andbanishpeaceevenfromtheintellectualworld.Andasrespectsthethirdillustration:Ishouldindeedrejoiceashaving,inagreatmeasure,attainedmyobject,ifonlyIshallsucceedindirectingyourattentiontosomestarinthehigherregionofintellect,whichhithertowaseithertotallyunknown,or,atleast,neverbeforefullyobserved.Butaboveall,Ithinkitnecessarytoobservefurther,thatinthesamewayasphilosophylosessightofitstrueobjectandappropriatematter,wheneitheritpassesintoandmergesintheology,ormeddleswithexternalpolitics,soalsodoesitmaritsproperformwhenitattemptstomimictherigorousmethodofmathematics.InthemiddleofthelastcenturyscarcelywastheretobefoundaGermanmanualforanyofthesciencesthatdidnotapethemathematicalstyle,andwhereeverysinglepositioninthelongarrayofinterminableparagraphsdidnotconcludewiththesolemnactofdemonstrativephraseology.Butitisalsowellknownthatthephilosophywhichwaspropoundedinthisinappropriateformandmethodwascrammedfoilof,nay,rather,washardlyanythingmorethanatissueofarbitrary,nowforgotten,hypotheses,whichhavenotbroughttheworldatallnearertothetruth—notatleasttothattruthwhichphilosophyisinsearchof,andwhichissomethinghigherthanamereexampleofaccuratecomputation.Andeveninthepresentday—although,indeed,theapplicationismadeinaverydifferentwayfromformerly—Germanphilosophyisanythingbutfreefromthosealgebraicformularies,inwhichallthings,eventhemostopposite,admitofbeingcomprisedandblendedtogether.But,beitasitmay,thiselaboratestructureofmechanicaldemonstrationcanneverproduceatrue,intrinsic,andfullconviction.Themethodwhichphilosophyreallyrequiresisquitedifferent,beingabsolutelyinternalandintellectual(Geistige).Asinacorrectarchitecturalstructureitisnecessarythatallitspartsshouldbeinunison,andsuchastheeyecantakeineasilyandagreeably,soineveryphilosophicalcommunication,thesolidsimplebasisbeinglaid,thearrangementofalltheparts,andthecarefulrejectionandexclusionofallforeignmatter,isthemostessentialpoint,bothforinternalcorrectnessandexternalperspicuity.But,intruth,thematterinhandbearsafarcloserresemblanceandaffinitytonaturalobjectswhichliveandgrow,thantoanylifelessedificeofstone;toagreattree,forinstance,noblyandbeautifullyspreadingoutonallsidesinitsmanyarmsandbranches.Assuchatreestrikesthehastyandpassingglance,itformsasomewhatirregularandnotstrictlyfinishedwhole;thereitstands,justasthestemhasshotupfromtheroot,andhasdivideditselfintoacertainnumberofbranches,andtwigs,andleaves,whichlivinglymovebackwardandforwardinthefreeair.Butexamineitmoreclosely,andhowperfectappearsitswholestructure!Howwonderfulthesymmetry,howminutelyregulartheorganizationofallitsparts,evenofeachlittleleafanddelicatefiber!Inthesamewaywilltheever-growingtreeofhumanconsciousnessandlifeappearinphilosophy,wheneveritisnottornfromitsrootsandstrippedofitsleavesbyapretendedwisdom,butisvividlyapprehendedbyatruescience,andexhibitedandpresentedtothemindinitslifeanditsgrowth.

1.Themainpurposeofthearticleis（

）.

2.Whatistheauthor’sconcernasexpressedthroughthefirstmetaphoricexposition?

3.Thesecondconcernoftheauthorrefersto

（

）.

4.Whatisthefunctionoftheauthor’sfrequentusageofrhetoricalfiguresofspeech?

5.Inthepassage,theauthoroutlinesapleafor（

）.

問題1選項

A.toclarifythesystemofeconomictheory

B.tosuggestanewsystemofphilosophy

C.tocriticizethesystemofmathematics

D.toillustratethesystematicdialectics

問題2選項

A.Randomdisbursementofproposalsandhypothesis.

B.Aconfusionofalgebraicformularies.

C.Anunwarrantedlossofappropriatereference.

D.Violationofintellectualpropertyrights.

問題3選項

A.avariegatedsetoffallacies

B.acantankeroustypeofpessimism

C.unqualifiedquackery

D.theproliferationofmetaphysics

問題4選項

A.Definition.

B.Clarification.

C.Exemplification.

D.Illustration.

問題5選項

A.rigor

B.topicality

C.reliability

D.flexibility

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】第1題:1.主旨大意題。文中提到“itisoneamongthemanyproblemsofphilosophytoestablishawiseeconomy”，這是眾多關(guān)系創(chuàng)建明智經(jīng)濟體的哲學(xué)問題之一。其中it是指前面的“theintellectualbusinessofthinking”，后續(xù)圍繞哲學(xué)及思想展開闡述，因此B選項“提出一種新的哲學(xué)體系”符合題意。

第2題:2.判斷推理題。作者的第一次metaphoricexposition“隱喻性闡述”出現(xiàn)在“…tofearlestathoughtlessandlavishdissipationofthenoblestmentalendowmentsshouldbecomeprevalent,orafalseandbaselesscredit-systeminthoughtspringupamidanabsolutedeficiencyofasolidandpermanentcapitalsafelyinvestedinfundamentalideasandlastingtruths.”即擔(dān)憂對最高貴的精神天賦的輕率和奢侈的揮霍會成為普遍現(xiàn)象，擔(dān)憂由于缺乏可靠的資本安全地投資于重要的思想和永恒的真題，虛假和毫無根據(jù)的信用體系會涌現(xiàn)出來。所以作者擔(dān)心的是思想天賦的消耗，C選項“不適當?shù)膿p失”符合題意。

第3題:3.判斷推理題。文中提到“Asforthesecondsimile:Ishould…wishtogainavictory…oversomeofthemanyerrorsandmanysemblancesofthought”，本句說到，作者希望戰(zhàn)勝思想中的那些錯誤和假想。因此A選項“各種錯誤的見解”符合題意。

第4題:4.寫作手法題。文中幾處“hasasortofaffinityandresemblance”“Asforthesecondsimile”“andsuchastheeyecantakeineasilyandagreeably”等修辭手法都是為了生動說明文中提出的新哲學(xué)體系。因此B選項clarification“說明”符合題意。

第5題:5.作者意圖題。在文中，作者由“Germanphilosophyisanythingbutfreefromthosealgebraicformularies…thiselaboratestructureofmechanicaldemonstrationcanneverproduceatrue,intrinsic,andfullconviction”說到德國哲學(xué)只是一些代數(shù)公式，這種復(fù)雜的機械示范永遠不會產(chǎn)生真正的、內(nèi)在的、充分的信念。后又說到“Themethodwhichphilosophyreallyrequiresisquitedifferent,beingabsolutelyinternalandintellectual”，哲學(xué)真正需要的方法是與前面提及的德國哲學(xué)相反的。通過前后文，作者呼吁的是與“機械示范”相對的“靈活性”，因此D選項符合題意。

19.單選題

IthasbeentenyearssinceI（

）youlast.

問題1選項

A.see

B.saw

C.didn'tsee

D.haven'tseen

【答案】B

【解析】根據(jù)last可知這里應(yīng)該為一般過去時，排除選項A和D；根據(jù)句意可知，選項B正確。句意：自從我上次見你到現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)有十年了。

20.單選題

9.

問題1選項

A.Toasklocalpeopleforhelp.

B.TodoasRomansdoonlywheninRome.

C.Trytoactlikethepeoplefromthatculture.

D.Staywithyourcountryfellow.

【答案】C

【解析】W:Mostpeoplefeelcultureshockwhentravelingtoaforeignculture.

M:That’sforsure.ButtheyshoulddoasRomansdo.

Q:Accordingtotheman,whatarepeoplesupposedtodowhentravelingtoaforeignculture?

【解析】固定詞組。男士說：ButtheyshoulddoasRomansdo。doasRomansdo的含義是“入鄉(xiāng)隨俗”。

21.翻譯題

MOOCs(MassiveOpenOnlineCourses)arethelatestadditiontotheacronym-boundlexiconofhighereducation,andquitepossiblythemostsignificantofthemall.Theyrepresentanewgenerationofonlineeducation,freelyaccessibleontheinternetandgearedtowardsverylargestudentnumbers.

ThephenomenonhasbeenlikenedbythepresidentofStanfordUniversityto“adigitaltsunami”,threateningtosweepasideconventionaluniversityeducation.WhetherornottheriseofMOOCswillprovetowarrantsuchhyperbole,thereisnodoubtthatsomethingveryimportantishappeningintheglobalsystem,raisingprofoundquestionsabouttheverynatureandfutureofhighereducation.

【答案】答：

MOOCs（大規(guī)模開放在線課堂）是高等教育相關(guān)縮寫詞匯中的新成員，也可能是所有詞匯中最具影響力的一個。大規(guī)模開放在線課堂代表網(wǎng)絡(luò)教育的新一代，可以通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)免費獲取，面向的學(xué)生數(shù)量非常龐大。

這一現(xiàn)象被斯坦福大學(xué)的校長比作“一場數(shù)字海嘯”，威脅著傳統(tǒng)的大學(xué)教育。不論大規(guī)模開放在線課堂的崛起是否真的會達到如此夸張的階段，有一點可以肯定的是全球體系內(nèi)正在發(fā)生一些重要的事情，并引發(fā)了對高等教育本質(zhì)和將來的一些疑問。

22.單選題

AccordingtotheGhanaNationalNarcoticControlfourthousandGhanaiansare（）illicitdrugswhileseveralothersarereportedtobeengagedinconstantdrugtraffickingannually.

問題1選項

A.exposedto

B.attachedto

C.addictedto

D.opposedto

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞詞組辨析。A選項exposedto表示“接觸，暴露于”；B選項attachedto表示“附屬于，愛慕”；C選項addictedto表示“上癮，沉迷于”；D選項opposedto表示“反對”。分析句意可知，根據(jù)加納國家麻醉品管制局（NACOB.的報告，幾乎有4000加納人（）毒品，而每年有數(shù)千人不斷從事販毒。因此只有C選項最符合原文句意，故本題正確答案為C選項。

23.單選題

Therearsectionofthebraindoesnotcontractwithage,andonecancontinuelivingwithoutintellectualoremotionalfaculties.

問題1選項

A.advanced

B.growing

C.front

D.back

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。rear在句中是后面的，后方的；A選項advanced“高級的，先進的”；B選項growing“成長的”；C選項front“前面的”；D選項back“后面的”。句意：大腦后部不會隨著年齡的增長而收縮，一個人可以在沒有智力或情感能力的情況下繼續(xù)生活。因此只有D符合。

24.翻譯題

美元的貶值使得許多外國投資者購買美國股票更加劃算。這就引發(fā)了來自美國以外的投資者的搶購，特別是日本投資者的搶購。另外，如果貿(mào)易狀況有所好轉(zhuǎn)，美國公司的競爭力最終將會更加強大。因此，許多投資者購買以出口為導(dǎo)向的美國公司的股票，以期在明年獲得更大的利潤。但這只是當前的一種時髦理念。如果今后幾個季度里美國公司的整體收益令人失望的話，那么，這種狂熱的購買行為就會消失。

【答案】ThedepreciationofU.S.dollarmakesitmorecost-effectiveformanyforeigninvestorstobuyAmericanstocks,whichhastriggeredpanicbuyingbyinvestorsfromoutsidetheUnitedStates,especiallyJapan.Inaddition,ifthetradesituationimproves,Americancompanieswilleventuallybecomemorecompetitive.Asaresult,manyinvestorsarebuyingsharesofexport-orientedU.S.companiesinthehopeofmakinggreaterprofitsnextyear.Butthisisjustafashionableideaatthemoment.IftheoverallearningsofU.S.companiesinthenextfewquartersaredisappointing,thisfreneticbuyingbehaviorwilldisappear.

25.單選題

Theheadlightsoftheapproachingcarwereso（）thatthecyclisthadtostopriding.

問題1選項

A.gleaning

B.staring

C.gleaming

D.dazzling

【答案】D

【解析】形容詞辨析題。gleaning"拾遺";staring"目不轉(zhuǎn)睛的,凝視的";gleaming"閃爍的,閃閃發(fā)光的";dazzling"耀眼的,光彩奪目的"。句意：那輛駛來的汽車的前燈太耀眼，以致于騎自行車的人不得不停下來。選項D符合句意。

26.單選題

Sincethetwopartiescouldn't（

）theirdifferences,theydecidedtostoptheirnegotiations.

問題1選項

A.rectify

B.reconcile

C.oblige

D.obscure

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞辨析。rectify意為“改正，校正”；reconcile意為“使和好，使和解，妥協(xié)”；oblige意為“強制，強迫”；obscure意為“費解的，難以理解的”。

句意：因為兩黨不能就分歧達成一致，他們決定停止談判。

27.單選題

Superstitionisabiasedword.Lookupalmostanydictionarydefinitionandyouwillseethatitimpliesthateveryreligionnotbasedonreasonorknowledgeiscalledasuperstition.Eventhewordknowledgeisatwo-facedword.Presumably,itisusedasasynonymforreason.Whatitallcomesdowntoisthatpeopledesignateassuperstitiouswhattheydonotthinkreasonableinsomeoneelse’sreligion.

Itistruethataperson’sreligionmustbebasedonsomekindofknowledge.Butwhatkindofknowledgeismeant?Scientific,experimental,rational?Suchknowledgeisnaturalandmaybeethicalandthenitisnaturalreligiousknowledge.ApersonmayquiteeasilyconcludefromobservingtheuniversethatonlyGodcouldhaveproducedit.Thatknowledgeisnotreligion,notevenifapersonisboundtorecognizeaCreatoroftheuniverse.ItisnaturalknowledgesuchasConfucius,SocratesorZoroasterpossessed.

Naturalreligiousknowledge,asisevidentinthehistoryofthehumanrace,althoughithelpstomakeamangood,hardlysufficestokeephimgood,especiallyintimesofcrisis.Willsuchnaturalknowledge,forinstance,sustainamanwhenhehassuddenlylostallhismoneyandevenhiswifeandchildren?Willitofferthehopeofeverseeingthemagain?Willitinfluencehimgladlytosacrificehislifeforhisfamily,hiscountry,hisreligion?Onlyastrongsenseofsupernaturalreligion,arelianceuponGod,willprovidethenecessarycourageforrightaction.

Allthegreatreligionsoftheworld—Christianity,Hinduism,ChineseBuddhismandIslam—haveshownmenthewaytosuchcourageanditsresultingpeaceofmindandheartandpeacewithallmen.Theypointtoabettersortoflife,mostlyalifesomewhereelse,or,atleast,anendtothetroublesofthislife.

ChristianityandIslamdirectmentolookup,hopeforandstriveafteraneternallifeofhappinessinthepossessionofGod.Hinduism,althoughitbelievesinreincarnations,alsoencouragesitsadherentstoachievesuccessivelyhigherincarnationsuntiltheyachieveunity,becomeonewithBrahman—God.ChineseBuddhismtellsitsfollowersthatiftheyperformgooddeedsandhavefaithinOmitofoobyfrequentlycallinguponthisGodofInfiniteCompassiontheywillberewardedbyeternallifeintheWesternParadise.

Theagnosticortheatheistthinksofallofthosecreedsasreligioussuperstition.Aretheagnosticandtheatheistfreeofsuperstition?Hardly.Everythinkingmanhasanaturalbentforreligion,foridealsaboveandbeyondearthlyones.Ifhecrusheshisnaturalinclination,whichisGod-inspiredideals,hemostlikelywillsubstituteaseriesofself-inspiredidealsorsomefadlikeastrology,whichwillbecomeareligionforhim.

Thereisalinebetweenreligionandsuperstitionwhicheveryonemustlearntoidentify,orforfeitatruedirectioninhislife.

1.Accordingtothepassage,peopledefinesuperstitionas______.

2.Accordingtotheauthor,allthegreatreligionsoftheworld______.

3.Fromthepassagewearetoldthattheatheists______.

4.Ofthefollowingsuggestedtitle,theonethatmostaccuratelysumsupthepassageis______.

問題1選項

A.somereligiousknowledgenotbasedonreason

B.naturalknowledgeofareligion

C.anythingthatseemsunreasonableinanotherperson’sreligion

D.someoneelse’sreligion

問題2選項

A.bringpeaceofmindandpeacewithotherhumanbeing

B.putforthabetterlifenowandpromiseeternallifeintheWesternParadise

C.givecouragetotheiradherentstoliveanddiepeacefully

D.urgetheiradherentstoachievehigherincarnations

問題3選項

A.havelittleornoreligiousknowledge

B.haveidealsthatarebeyondearthlyones

C.aremostlyastrologerswhohavetoomanymaterialisticidealsinlife

D.areactuallynotfreefromsuperstition

問題4選項

A.TheGreatReligionsonEarth

B.IngredientsofSuperstition

C.ReligionandSuperstition

D.AchieveUnitywithGod

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:C

【解析】1.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】細節(jié)事實題。題干意思是“根據(jù)文章，人們把迷信定義為……”。根據(jù)第一段最后一句Whatitallcomesdowntoisthatpeopledesignateassuperstitiouswhattheydonotthinkreasonableinsomeoneelse’sreligion.（歸根結(jié)底，人們認為在別人的宗教中他們認為不合理的東西是迷信的）可知，C項“在另一個人的宗教中似乎不合理的任何事情”正確；A項“一些不是基于理性的宗教知識”是字典上對于迷信的定義，并不是人們的定義；B項“宗教的自然知識”這屬于宗教信仰建立的基礎(chǔ)；D項“其他人的宗教”沒有提到。因此，該題選擇C項正確。

2.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】細節(jié)事實題。題干意思是“根據(jù)作者，世界上所有偉大的宗教……”。根據(jù)第四段第一句Allthegreatrel