考研考博-英語-安徽信息工程學院考試押題卷含答案詳解3

書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-安徽信息工程學院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共100題)1.單選題

Awar,eveniffoughtforindividuallibertyanddemocraticrights,usuallyrequiresthattheseprinciplesbesuspended,fortheyare（

）theregimentationanddisciplinenecessaryformilitaryefficiency.

問題1選項

A.contraryto

B.incompatiblewith

C.fulfilledthrough

D.disruptiveof

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞組辨析。becontraryto“與······相反”；befulfilledthrough“通過來實現(xiàn)”；beincompatiblewith“與······不兼容”；bedisruptiveof“對······造成破壞的”。句意：即使是為了個人自由和民主權力而戰(zhàn)，戰(zhàn)爭通常要求這些原則被暫停，因為它們與作戰(zhàn)效率所需的嚴格控制和紀律不相容。由theseprinciplesbesuspended可知這些原則與作戰(zhàn)紀律不相容，故B項正確。

2.翻譯題

為了保證刑法的正確實施，懲罰犯罪，保護人民，保障國家安全和社會公共安全，維護社會主義社會秩序，根據(jù)憲法，制定中華人民共和國刑事訴訟法。本法的任務是：保證準確、及時地查明犯罪事實，正確運用法律，懲罰犯罪分子，保證無罪的人不受刑事追究，教育公民自覺遵守法律，積極同犯罪分子做斗爭，以維護社會主義法制，保護公民的人身權利、財產(chǎn)權利和其他權利，保證社會主義事業(yè)的順利進行。

【答案】參考譯文：

TheCriminalProcedureLawofthePeople’sRepublicofChinaisenactedinaccordancewiththeConstitutionandforthepurposeofensuringcorrectenforcementoftheCriminalLaw,punishingcrimes,protectingthepeople,safeguardingStateandpublicsecurityandmaintainingsocialistpublicorder.TheaimofthisLawis:toensureaccurateandtimelyascertainmentoffactsaboutcrimes,correctapplicationoflaw,punishmentofcriminalsandprotectionoftheinnocentagainstbeinginvestigatedforcriminalresponsibility;toenhancethecitizens’awarenessoftheneedtoabidebylawandtofightvigorouslyagainstcriminalactsinordertosafeguardthesocialistlegalsystem;toprotectthecitizens'personalrights,theirpropertyrights,democraticrightsandotherrights;andtoguaranteesmoothprogressofthecauseofsocialistdevelopment.

3.單選題

Heraisedhiseyebrowsandstuckhisheadforwardand（）itinasinglenod,agestureboysusedthenforO.K.whentheywerepleased.

問題1選項

A.shrugged

B.tugged

C.jerked

D.twisted

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。A選項shrugged“聳肩”；B選項tugged“用力拖，拉”；C選項jerked“使猝然一動，猛拉”；D選項twisted“使纏繞”。句意：他揚起眉毛，把頭向前探了探，猛地點了點頭，這是當時男孩們高興時用來表示“OK”的手勢。本句表示猛地點了點頭，因此C選項正確。

4.單選題

LibbyliedtoinvestigatorsabouthisroleindisclosingtheidentityofaCIAofficerinorderto_______theWhiteHousefrompoliticalembarrassment.

問題1選項

A.aviate

B.recover

C.berate

D.insulate

【答案】D

【解析】aviate飛行；recover重新獲得，恢復；berate嚴責，申斥；insulate使絕緣，隔離。句意：在揭露一名中情局官員的身份時，利比向調(diào)查人員隱瞞了自己的任務，目的是讓白宮不會陷人政治困境。選項D符合句意。

5.單選題

Publicgeneralhospitalsoriginatedinthealmshouseinfirmariesestablishedasearlyascolonialtimesbylocalgovernmentstocareforthepoor.Later,inthelateeighteenthandearlynineteenthcenturies,theinfirmaryseparatedfromthealmshouseandbecameanindependentinstitutionsupportedbylocaltaxmoney.Atthesametime,privatecharityhospitalsbegantodevelop.Bothprivateandpublichospitalsprovidedmainlyfoodandshelterfortheimpoverishedsick,sincetherewaslittlethatmedicinecouldactuallydotocureillness,andthemiddleclasswastreatedathomebyprivatephysicians.

Lateinthenineteenthcentury,theprivatecharityhospitalbegantryingtoattractmiddle-classpatients.Althoughthedepressionof1890stimulatedthegrowthofcharitableinstitutionsandanexpandingurbanpopulationbecamedependentonassistance,therewasadeclineinprivatecontributionstotheseorganizationswhichforcedthemtolooktolocalgovernmentforfinancialsupport.Sinceprivateinstitutionshadalsolostbenefactors;theybegantochargepatients.Inordertoattractmiddle-classpatients,privateinstitutionsprovidedservicesandamenitiesthatdistinguishedbetweenpayingandnon-payingpatientsandmadethehospitaladesirableplaceforprivatephysicianstotreattheirownpatients.Aspayingpatientsbecamemorenecessarytothesurvivaloftheprivatehospital,thepublichospitalsslowlybecametheonlyplaceforthepoortogettreatment.Bytheendofthenineteenthcentury,citieswerereimbursingprivatehospitalsfortheircareofindigentpatientsandthepublichospitalsremaineddependentonthetaxdollars.

Theadventofprivatehospitalhealthinsurance,whichprovidedmiddle-classpatientswiththepurchasingpowertopayforprivatehospitalservices,guaranteedtheprivatehospitalaregularsourceofincome.Privatehospitalsrestrictedthemselvestorevenue-generatingpatients,leavingthepublichospitalstocareforfilepoor.Althoughpublichospitalscontinuedtoprovideservicesforpatientswithcommunicablediseasesand-outpatientandemergencyservices,theBlueCrossplansdevelopedaroundtheneedsoftheprivatehospitalsandtheinpatientstheyserved.Thus,reimbursementforambulatorycarehasbeenminimalundermostBlueCrossplans,andprovisionofoutpatientcarehasnotbeenamajorfunctionoftheprivatehospital,inpartbecauseprivatepatientscanaffordtopayfortheservicesofprivatephysicians.Additionally,sinceWorldWarII，therehasbeenatremendousinfluxoffederalmoneyintoprivatemedicalschoolsandthehospitalsassociatedwiththem.Further,largeprivatemedicalcenterswithexpensiveresearchequipmentandprogramshaveattractedthebestadministrators,physicians,andresearchers.Asaresultofthegreaterresourcesavailabletotheprivatemedicalcenters,publichospitalshaveincreasingproblemsattractinghighlyqualifiedresearchandmedicalpersonnel.Withthemainstreamofhealthcarefirmlyestablishedintheprivatemedicalsector,thepublichospitalhasbecomea“dumpingground.”

56.Accordingtothepassage,theveryfirstprivatehospitals______.

57.Itcanbeinferredthattheauthorbelievesthedifferencesthatcurrentlyexistbetweenpublicandprivatehospitalsareprimarilytheresultof______.

58.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethemostlogicaltopicfortheauthortointroduceinthenextparagraph?

59.Theauthor’sprimaryconcernisto______.

60.Theauthor’sattitudetowardpublichospitalscanbestbedescribedas______.

問題1選項

A.developedfromalmshouseinfirmaries

B.wereestablishedmainlytoservicethepoor

C.weresupportedbygovernmentrevenues

D.providedbettercarethanpublicinfirmaries

問題2選項

A.politicalconsiderations

B.legislativerequirements

C.economicfactors

D.ethicalconcerns

問題3選項

A.Aplantoimprovethequalityofpublichospitals.

B.Ananalysisoftheprofitstructureofhealthinsurancecompanies.

C.Aproposaltoraisetaxesonthemiddleclass.

D.Adiscussionofrecentdevelopmentsinmedicaltechnology.

問題4選項

A.describethefinancialstructureofthehealthcareindustry

B.demonstratetheimportanceofgovernmentsupportforhealth-careinstitutions

C.criticizewealthyinstitutionsforrefusingtoprovideservicestothepoor

D.identifythehistoricalcausesofthedivisionbetweenprivateandpublichospitals

問題5選項

A.contemptuousandprejudiced

B.enthusiasticandsupportive

C.apprehensiveanddistrustful

D.concernedandunderstanding

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:D

【解析】56.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】細節(jié)事實題。題干意思是“根據(jù)文章，最早的私立醫(yī)院……”。文章第一段說到Publicgeneralhospitalsoriginatedinthealmshouseinfirmariesestablishedasearlyascolonialtimesbylocalgovernmentstocareforthepoor.（公立綜合醫(yī)院起源于殖民地時期地方政府為照顧窮人而建立的救濟院醫(yī)務室），由此可知由救濟院醫(yī)務室發(fā)展來的是公立醫(yī)院，而不是私人醫(yī)院，所以A項“由救濟院醫(yī)務室發(fā)展而來”錯誤；根據(jù)第一段最后一句Bothprivateandpublichospitalsprovidedmainlyfoodandshelterfortheimpoverishedsick（私立醫(yī)院和公立醫(yī)院主要為貧困病人提供食物和住所）可知，最開始公立醫(yī)院和私立醫(yī)院都是為窮人提供服務的，因此B項“主要是為窮人服務而建立的”符合題意；C項“由政府收入支持”文中未提及；D項“提供比公立醫(yī)院更好的護理”，最初的公立醫(yī)院和私立醫(yī)院都是為窮人服務，沒有好壞之分，因此D項錯誤。故該題選B。

57.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】細節(jié)事實題。題干意思是“可以推斷，作者認為目前公立醫(yī)院與私立醫(yī)院之間存在的差異，主要是由于……”。根據(jù)文章第二段Sinceprivateinstitutionshadalsolostbenefactors;theybegantochargepatients.Inordertoattractmiddle-classpatients,privateinstitutionsprovidedservicesandamenitiesthatdistinguishedbetweenpayingandnon-payingpatientsandmadethehospitaladesirableplaceforprivatephysicianstotreattheirownpatients.Aspayingpatientsbecamemorenecessarytothesurvivaloftheprivatehospital,thepublichospitalsslowlybecametheonlyplaceforthepoortogettreatment.Bytheendofthenineteenthcentury,citieswerereimbursingprivatehospitalsfortheircareofindigentpatientsandthepublichospitalsremaineddependentonthetaxdollars.（因為私人機構也失去了捐助者；他們開始向病人收費。為了吸引中產(chǎn)階級患者，私人機構提供了區(qū)分付費和非付費患者的服務和設施，使醫(yī)院成為私人醫(yī)生治療自己患者的理想場所。隨著付費病人對私立醫(yī)院的生存變得更加必要，公立醫(yī)院慢慢成為窮人獲得治療的唯一場所。到19世紀末，城市開始償還私立醫(yī)院對貧困病人的護理費用，而公立醫(yī)院仍然依靠納稅人的錢），這一段詳細闡述了私立醫(yī)院是如何從不收費到收費，并且因為資金的慢慢累積而變得更好，而公立醫(yī)院一直都依賴于政府的稅收，很難發(fā)展。所以這是經(jīng)濟因素導致兩者的差異，而不是政治，立法或者倫理原因。故A項“政治上的考慮”，B項“立法要求”和D項“倫理關懷”錯誤，C項“經(jīng)濟因素”符合題意。故該題選C。

58.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】判斷推理題。題干意思是“下面哪一項會是作者在下一段中引入的最符合邏輯的主題？”。文章最后兩句話說到Asaresultofthegreaterresourcesavailabletotheprivatemedicalcenters,publichospitalshaveincreasingproblemsattractinghighlyqualifiedresearchandmedicalpersonnel.Withthemainstreamofhealthcarefirmlyestablishedintheprivatemedicalsector,thepublichospitalhasbecomea“dumpingground.”（由于私人醫(yī)療中心擁有更多的資源，公立醫(yī)院在吸引高素質(zhì)的研究人員和醫(yī)務人員方面面臨越來越多的問題。隨著主流醫(yī)療保健在私營醫(yī)療部門的牢固建立，公立醫(yī)院已成為一個“垃圾場”），根據(jù)最后一段講述了公立醫(yī)院因為缺少資金找不高素質(zhì)的醫(yī)療研究人員，導致其變成了一個垃圾場，根據(jù)邏輯推理，在接下來的文章中，作者極可能就此問題進行分析，并給出如何改進這一問題的方案，所以選擇A項“提高公立醫(yī)院質(zhì)量的計劃”；B項“健康保險公司利潤結構分析”，C項“提高中產(chǎn)階級稅收的提案”和D項“對醫(yī)學技術最近發(fā)展的討論”都與改善公立醫(yī)院無關。故該題選A。

59.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】主旨大意題。題干意思是“作者主要關心的是什么”。全文作者一開始就講述了公立醫(yī)院與私立醫(yī)院的歷史發(fā)展與變化和直到今天各自如此不同的各種原因，所以D項“找出私立醫(yī)院和公立醫(yī)院分離的歷史原因”更能概括作者的意圖。A項“描述醫(yī)療保健行業(yè)的財務結構”，過于片面，這只是說了私立醫(yī)院與公立醫(yī)院不同的一個方面，不夠全面，故不選；B項“證明政府支持保健機構的重要性”，文中作者也沒有說過政府支持對醫(yī)院的重要性，所以B項錯誤；C項“批評富裕的機構拒絕為窮人提供服務”，作者整個態(tài)度是中立的，并沒有批評哪一方面的意思，所以C項不選。故該題選D。

60.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】作者態(tài)度題。題干意思是“作者對公立醫(yī)院的態(tài)度最好的描述是什么”。作者在全文中對于公立醫(yī)院的來源于發(fā)展都是保持一種客觀描述的態(tài)度，對公立醫(yī)院今時今日的處境也表示理解與關心。所以選D項“關心和理解”更符合題意。文中作者并沒有表示任何輕蔑或是十分熱衷，所以A項“輕蔑和偏見”和B項“熱情和支持”均不選；C項“不安和不信任”，文中針對公立醫(yī)院的服務質(zhì)量作者沒有多做描述，不存在不信任或懷疑；因此該項也不選。故該題選D。

6.單選題

Accordingtoanthropologists,peopleinpreindustrialsocietiesspent3to4hoursperdayorabout20hoursperweekdoingtheworknecessaryforlife.Modemcomparisonsoftheamountofworkperformedperweek,however,beginwiththeIndustrialRevolution(1760—1840)when10to12-hourworkdayswithsixworkdaysperweekwerethenorm.Evenwithextensivetimedevotedtowork,however,bothincomesandstandardsoflivingwerelow.AsincomesroseneartheendoftheIndustrialRevolution,itbecameincreasinglycommontotreatSaturdayafternoonasahalf-dayholiday.ThehalfholidayhadbecomestandardpracticeinBritainbythe1870’s，butdidnotbecomecommonintheUnitedStatesuntilthe1920’s.

IntheUnitedStates,thefirstthirdofthetwentiethcenturysawtheworkweekmovefrom60hoursperweektojust50hoursbythestartofthe1930’s.In1914HenryFordreduceddailyworkhoursathisautomobileplantsfrom9to8.In1926heannouncedthathenceforthhisfactorieswouldclosefortheentiredayonSaturday.Atthetime,FordreceivedcriticismfromotherfirmssuchasUnitedStatesSteelandWestinghouse,buttheideawaspopularwithworkers.

TheDepressionyearsofthe1930’sbroughtwiththemthenotionofjobsharingtospreadavailableworkaround;theworkweekdroppedtoamodemlowfortheUnitedStatesof35hours.In1938theFairLaborStandardsActmandatedaweeklymaximumof40hourstobeginin1940，andsincethattimethe8-hourday,5-dayworkweekhasbeenthestandardintheUnitedStates.Adjustmentsinvariousplaces,however,showthatthisstandardisnotimmutable.In1987,forexample,Germanmetalworkersstruckforandreceiveda37.5-hourworkweek,andin1990manyworkersinBritainwona37-hourweek.Since1989,theJapanesegovernmenthasmovedfroma6-toa5-dayworkweekandhassetanationaltargetof1,800workhoursperyearfortheaverageworker.TheaverageamountofworkperyearinJapanin1989was2,088hoursperworker,comparedto1,957fortheUnitedStatesand1,646forFrance.

1.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?

2.Comparedtopreindustrialtimes,thenumberofhoursintheworkweekinthenineteenthcentury（）.

3.WhatisonereasonforthechangeinthelengthoftheworkweekfortheaverageworkerintheUnitedStatesduringthe1930’s?

4.WhichofthefollowingismentionedasoneofthepurposesoftheFairLaborStandardsActof1938?

問題1選項

A.Whypeopleinpreindustrialsocietiesworkedfewhoursperweek.

B.Changesthathaveoccurredinthenumberofhoursthatpeopleworkperweek.

C.Acomparisonofthenumberofhoursworkedperyearinseveralindustries.

D.WorkingconditionsduringtheIndustrialRevolution.

問題2選項

A.remainedconstant

B.decreasedslightly

C.decreasedsignificantly

D.increasedsignificantly

問題3選項

A.Severalpeoplesometimessharedasinglejob.

B.LaborstrikesinseveralcountriesinfluencedlaborpolicyintheUnitedStates

C.Severalcorporationsincreasedthelengthoftheworkweek.

D.TheUnitedStatesgovernmentinstituteda35-hourworkweek

問題4選項

A.Todiscourageworkersfromaskingforincreasedwages.

B.Toestablishalimitonthenumberofhoursintheworkweek.

C.Toallowemployerstosetthelengthoftheworkweekfortheirworkers.

D.Torestricttradewithcountriesthathadalongworkweek.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:B

【解析】1.主旨題。根據(jù)文章第一段，作者主要對工業(yè)化前后，人們工作時間的變化。選項B符合題意。

2.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段，工業(yè)革命前，人們每天花三到四個小時來完成生活必需的勞動，到了現(xiàn)代，人們每周需要工作六天，每天工作十到十二小時，可以得出，工作時間是不斷增長的。選項D符合題意。

3.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段，“TheDepressionyearsofthe1930’sbroughtwiththemthenotionofjobsharingtospreadavailableworkaround”，工作的大蕭條時代到來，使他們有了工作分擔的想法，所以有時候幾個人會同事做同樣的工作。選項A符合題意。

4.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段，“In1938theFairLaborStandardsActmandatedaweeklymaximumof40hourstobeginin1940，andsincethattimethe8-hourday,5-dayworkweekhasbeenthestandardintheUnitedStates.”，8小時5天的工作制就開始了，選項B符合題意。

7.單選題

Thisisaverybighotelanditcan（）morethan1,000people.

問題1選項

A.furnish

B.accommodate

C.transport

D.institute

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞辨析。furnish“提供，供應”；accommodate“容納，使適應”；transport“運輸”；institute“實行，建立”。句意：這是一個很大的酒店，能夠容納1000多人。只有B項符合句意。

8.單選題

BruceStephengrippedthe____wheelhardasthecarbouncedupanddown.

問題1選項

A.stirring

B.driving

C.steering

D.revolving

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析與上下文語義。A選項stirring“激動人心的，活躍的；攪動（stir的ing形式）”；B選項driving“起推動作用的；有巨大影響力”；開車（drive的ing形式）；C選項steering“駕駛，掌舵（stir的ing形式）”；D選項revolving“旋轉(zhuǎn)的；旋轉(zhuǎn)（revolve的ing形式）”。句意：在汽車上下顛簸的時候，BruceStephen緊緊地抓住方向盤。steeringwheel表示方向盤，C選項最符合句意。

9.不定項選擇題

Forhundredsofmillionsofyears,turtleshavestruggledoutoftheseatolaytheireggsonsandybeaches,longbeforetherewerenaturedocumentariestocelebratethem,orGPSsatellitesandmarinebiologiststotrackthem,orvolunteerstohand-carrythehatchlingsdowntothewater’sedgelesttheybecomedisorientedbyheadlightsandcrawltowardsamotelparkinglotinstead.AformidablewallofbureaucracyhasbeenerectedtoprotecttheirprimenestingontheAtlanticcoastlines.Withallthatattentionpaidtothem,you’dthinkthesecreatureswouldatleasthavethegratitudenottogoextinct.

ButNatureisindifferenttohumannotionsoffairness,andareportbytheFishandWildlifeServiceshowedaworrisomedropinthepopulationsofseveralspeciesofNorthAtlanticturtles,notablyloggerheads,whichcangrowtoasmuchas400pounds.TheSouthFloridanestingpopulation,thelargest,hasdeclinedby50%inthelastdecade,accordingtoElizabethGriffin,amarinebiologistwiththeenvironmentalgroupOceana.ThefigurespromptedOceanatopetitionthegovernmenttoupgradethelevelofprotectionfortheNorthAtlanticloggerheadsfrom“threatened”to“endangered”—meaningtheyareindangerofdisappearingwithoutadditionalhelp.

Whichraisestheobviousquestion:whatelsedotheseturtleswantfromus,anyway?Itturnsout,accordingtoGriffin,thatwhilewehavedoneagoodjobofprotectingtheturtlesfortheweekstheyspendland(asegg-layingfemales,aseggsandashatchlings),wehaveneglectedtheyearsspendinocean.“Thethreatisfromcommercialfishing,”saysGriffin.Trawlers(whichdraglargenetsthroughthewaterandalongtheoceanfloor)andlonglinefishers(whichcandeploythousandsofhooksonlinesthatcanstretchformiles)takeaheavytollonturtles.

Ofcourse,likeeveryotherenvironmentalissuetoday,thisisplayingoutagainstthebackgroundofglobalwarmingandhumaninterferencewithnaturalecosystems.Thenarrowstripsofbeachonwhichtheturtleslaytheireggsarebeingsqueezedononesidebydevelopmentandontheotherbythreatofrisinglevelsastheoceanswarm.Ultimatelywemustgetahandleonthoseissuesaswell,oracreaturethatoutlivedthedinosaurswillmeetitsendatthehandsofhumans,leavingourdescendantstowonderhowcreaturesouglycouldhavewonsomuchaffection.

1.Wecanlearnfromthefirstparagraphthat________.

2.Whatdoestheauthormeanby“Natureisindifferenttohumannotionsoffairness”(Line1,Para.2)?

3.WhatconstitutesamajorthreattothesurvivalofturtlesaccordingtoElizabethGriffin?

4.Howdoesglobalwarmingaffectthesurvivalofturtles?

問題1選項

A.governmentbureaucracyhascontributedtoturtles’extinction

B.humanactivitieshavechangedthewayturtlessurvive.

C.marinebiologistsarelookingforthesecretofturtles’reproduction

D.effortshavebeenmadetoprotectturtlesfromdyingout

問題2選項

A.Thecourseofnaturewillnotbechangedbyhumaninterference.

B.Natureisquitefairregardingthesurvivalofturtles.

C.Theturtlepopulationhaddecreasedinspiteofhumanprotection.

D.Turtlesarebynatureindifferenttohumanactivities.

問題3選項

A.Theirlowerreproductivelyability.

B.Theirinadequatefoodsupply.

C.Contaminationofseawater

D.Unregulatedcommercialfishing.

問題4選項

A.Therisingsealevelsmakeitharderfortheirhatchlingstogrow.

B.Itthreatensthesandybeachesonwhichtheylayeggs.

C.Ittakesthemlongertoadapttothehighbeachtemperature.

D.Thechangingclimatemakesitdifficultfortheireggstohatch.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:B

【解析】第1題:推理判斷題。A選項“政府的官僚作風導致了海龜?shù)臏缃^”；B選項“人類活動已經(jīng)改變了海龜?shù)纳娣绞??！?；C選項“海洋生物學家正在尋找海龜繁殖的秘密”；D選項“人們已經(jīng)采取措施保護海龜免于滅絕”。根據(jù)題干定位到第一段最后一句Withallthatattentionpaidtothem,you’dthinkthesecreatureswouldatleasthavethegratitudenottogoextinct.

（人們對它們給予了如此多的關注，你可能會認為這些生物至少會心存感激，不會走向滅絕。）這里可知答案選D。B、C選項文章沒有提及；根據(jù)第一段倒數(shù)第二句話AformidablewallofbureaucracyhasbeenerectedtoprotecttheirprimenestingontheAtlanticcoastlines（為了保護它們在大西洋沿岸的主要筑巢地，政府已經(jīng)豎起了一道強大的官僚主義墻）A選項錯誤。

第2題:推理判斷題。題干：作者說“大自然對人類的公平觀念漠不關心”的意圖是什么。A選項“大自然的進程不會因為人類的干擾而改變”；B選項“在海歸的存活上大自然還是很公平的”；C選項“盡管人類在保護它但是海龜?shù)臄?shù)量在減少”；D選項“海龜天然地對人類活動不感興趣”。根據(jù)第二段第一句…areportbytheFishandWildlifeServiceshowedaworrisomedropinthepopulationsofseveralspeciesofNorthAtlanticturtles,…（……魚類及野生動物管理局的一份報告顯示，北大西洋幾種海龜?shù)臄?shù)量出現(xiàn)了令人擔憂的下降……）從這里可知答案選C，其他選項，第二自然段沒有提及。

第3題:事實細節(jié)題。題干：伊麗莎白?格里芬認為什么是對海龜生存的主要威脅。A選項“他們的生育能力低”；B選項“他們的食物不足”；C選項“污染的海水”；D選項“無節(jié)制的商業(yè)捕魚”。根據(jù)題干定位到第三段第二、三句話…wehaveneglectedtheyearsspendinocean.“Thethreatisfromcommercialfishing,”saysGriffin.Trawlers(whichdraglargenetsthroughthewaterandalongtheoceanfloor)andlonglinefishers(whichcandeploythousandsofhooksonlinesthatcanstretchformiles)takeaheavytollonturtles.（……我們忽視了在海洋中度過的歲月?！巴{來自商業(yè)捕魚，”格里芬說。拖網(wǎng)漁船（在水中和海底拖著大網(wǎng)）和長線漁船（可以在魚線上部署數(shù)千個魚鉤，可以延伸數(shù)英里）對海龜造成嚴重傷害。），因此，答案選D。

第4題:事實細節(jié)題。題干：氣候變暖對海龜有什么影響。A選項“不斷上升的海平面使它們的幼崽難以生長?！保籅選項“它威脅著它們產(chǎn)卵的沙灘”；C選項“它們需要更長的時間來適應海灘的高溫”；D選項“不斷變化的氣候使它們的卵難以孵化”。根據(jù)題干定位到最后一段倒數(shù)第二句話Thenarrowstripsofbeachonwhichtheturtleslaytheireggsarebeingsqueezedononesidebydevelopmentandontheotherbythreatofrisinglevelsastheoceanswarm.（海龜產(chǎn)卵的狹長海灘一邊因開發(fā)而受到擠壓，另一邊則因海洋變暖而面臨海平面上升的威脅。）所以答案選B。

10.單選題

Manydifficultieshave（）asaresultofthechangetoanewtypeoffuel.

問題1選項

A.risen

B.arisen

C.raised

D.arrived

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項risen表示“攀升；升起”；B選項arisen表示“出現(xiàn)；上升”，不及物動詞；C選項raised表示“提高；籌集；養(yǎng)育”；D選項arrived“到達”。從詞性及詞義判斷，只有B選項arisen符合要求。句意：由于改用了一種新型燃料，許多困難出現(xiàn)了。

11.問答題

Directions:Thispartconsistsofashortpassage.Inthispassage,therearealtogether10mistakes,oneineachnumberedline.Youmayhavetochangeaword,addaword,ordeleteaword.MarkoutthemistakesandputthecorrectionsintheblanksprovidedontheAnswerSheet.Ifyouchangeawordunderlineitand-writethecorrectwordinthecorrespondingBlank.Ifyouoddaword,putaninsertionmark,(/)intherightplaceantiwritethemissingwordinblank.Ifyouaddaword,underlineitandputaslash(/)intheblank.

【答案】1.other→another

2.shopping→shop

3.or→and

4.at→on

5.to→/

6.are→were

7.makes→making

8.without→away

9.mean→means

10.discourage→encourage

【解析】1.固定搭配。Oneanother互相。

2.詞性誤用。此句中由and并列連接不定式動詞短語，因此，將shopping改為動詞原形shop。

3.連詞誤用。并列連詞or表示選擇“或者”，and表示“然后，接著”。因此這里應該用and。

4.固定搭配。bemadon對…著迷。

5.固定搭配。Makesb.dosth.使某人做某事。

6.語法題。這是由supposing(that)引導條件句，整句話是過去時態(tài)，因此，that從句中的謂語動詞“aren’t”應該改為“werenot”。

7.語法題。句子已經(jīng)有謂語動詞was，因此動詞make得變成非謂語動詞。另外，make與邏輯主語company之間是主動關系。而且，根據(jù)并列連詞and后面的非謂語形式“making”可知，此處要將makes改為making。

8.固定搭配。該處句意為:假設只有一個商店，你得買它所提供的東西，根據(jù)它的要求付錢，或者離開。你沒有真正的選擇。Goaway表示“走開，離開”，因此將without改為away。

9.語法題?？疾橹髦^一致。該句主語是不可數(shù)名詞“competition(競爭)”。因此謂語動詞應該用三單形式。

10.動詞誤用。前面句意為:供應商之間的競爭意味著消費者可以獲得更好的交易；消費者的選擇是影響產(chǎn)品的重要手段。因此此處應該表示的是“消費者鼓勵競爭”。

12.單選題

（

）withtheheightoftheskyscraper,thismountaindoesn’tseemhighatall.

問題1選項

A.Whencompared

B.Whilecomparing

C.Compare

D.Comparing

【答案】A

【解析】句意:當與摩天大樓的高度相比吋，這座山看起來根本不高。

語法題?？疾檫^去分詞做狀語。此句主語為thismountain,前半句為動詞compare的過去分詞做比較狀語。分句中動詞compare與邏輯主語thismountain之間是被動關系,故選A。

13.單選題

Thethieves（

）thewastepaperallovertheroomwhiletheyweresearchingforthering.

問題1選項

A.spread

B.scratched

C.scattered

D.burned

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞辨析。spread傳播，散布；scratch搔，抓；scatteralloverthefloor滿地皆是；burn燃燒。句意：小偷找鉆戒的時候，把廢紙弄得滿屋都是。由“searchingforthering”可知小偷為了找到戒指會滿屋子翻箱倒柜，把廢紙弄得到處都是。答案C

14.翻譯題

Everyonewishestobuildupacharismaticandcharmingpersonality,butitisbynomeansaneasyjob.Firstofall,heoughttoknowoneofthegreatesttruthsthatlifeisdifficult,foroncehetrulyunderstandsandacceptsthetruth,thenlifeisnolongerdifficult.Why?Onceheacceptsthefactthatlifeisdifficult,henolongermoansabout,complainsofandfearshisproblems,burdensanddifficultiesinlife.Secondly,heoughttopaysufficientheedtoself-discipline,forself-disciplineisthebasicsetoftoolstosolvelife'sproblems,whichincludesastrongsenseofresponsibility,dedicationtoreality,opennesstochallenge,balancing,etc.Thirdly,heoughttocherishlove.Heknowsthatself-loveandloveofothersgohandinhand.Heiswillingtogobeyondtheconfinesofself-lovetoembraceloveofothers.Fourthly,heoughttounderstandthattheessenceoflifeischange.Sohedoesnottryhisutmosttoavoidchangeorstaycomfortablewiththesameness.Fifthly,heoughttoattachmuchvaluetohonour.Thewinningofhonourwillrevealaman'svirtueandworth.Towinhonour,hewillimproveandperfecthimselfandscoreremarkableachievements.

【答案】每個人都希望建立有魅力、迷人的人格，但這不是一件容易的事。首先，他需要明白一個偉大的真理：生活是困難的。因為一旦他真正理解并且接受這個真理，就會意識到生活不再困難。為什么？一旦他接受了生活困難這一事實，對于生活中的問題、負擔和困難，他都不再發(fā)牢騷和抱怨，也不再害怕。其次，他應該充分重視自我修養(yǎng)，因為自我修養(yǎng)是解決生活問題的基本工具，包括強烈的責任感、致力于現(xiàn)實、敢于挑戰(zhàn)、平衡制約等。第三，他要有愛。他需要知道自愛和愛別人是密不可分的，愿意超越自愛的局限去接納他人的愛。第四，他要懂得生命的本質(zhì)是變化。所以他不會盡全力去避免改變，也不會舒適的待在一成不變的環(huán)境里。第五，他應該重視榮譽。獲得榮譽能體現(xiàn)一個人的美德和價值。為了贏得榮譽，他將會提高和完善自己，獲得顯著成就。

15.單選題

FamedsingerStevieWondercan’tseehisfansdancingathisconcerts.Hecan’tseethehandsofhisaudienceastheyapplaudwildlyattheendofhissuperstition.

Blindfrombirth,Wonderhaswaitedhiswholelifeforachancetosee.Recently,WondervisitedMarkHumayan,avisionspecialist.HethoughtthatanewdevicecurrentlybeingstudiedbyHumayanmightofferhimthatchance.

Thedevice,aretinalprosthesis,isatinycomputerchipimplantedinsideapatient’seye.Thechipsendsimagestothebrainandallowssomesightlesspeopletoseeshapesandcolors.Wonderhopedtheretinalprosthesismightworkforhim.“I’vealwayssaidthatifeverthere’spossibilityofmyseeing,”saidWonder,“thenIwouldtakethechallenge.”

UnfortunatelyforWonder,thatchallengewillhavetowait.Humayanexplainedthatthedeviceisn’treadyforpeoplewhohavebeenblindsincebirth.Theirbrainsmaynotbeabletohandlesignalsfromaretinalprosthesisbecausetheirbrainshaveneverhandledsignalsfromahealthyeye.

Theretinalprosthesisandotherdevices,however,showgreatpromiseinhelpingmanyothersightlesspeoplewhooncehadvisionseeagain.Perhapsonedaysoon,someformerlysightlesspeoplemaybeinWonder’saudiencelookingup—andseeinghim—fortheveryfirsttime.

Wonder’swillingnesstotakepartinretinalprosthesisstudiesandtheresultsofthosestudiesaregivingnewhopetopeoplewhothoughttheywouldbeblindfortherestoftheirlives.MorethanonemillionpeopleintheUnitedStatesareconsideredlegallyblind,meaningthattheireyesightisseverelyimpaired.Anotheronemillionaretotallyblind.

Twotypesofspecializedcellsintheretina—rodsandcones—arecriticalforpropervision.Lightenterstheeyeandfallsontherodsandconesintheretina.Thosecellsconvertthelighttoelectricalsignalswhichtravelthroughtheopticnervetothebrain.Thebraininterpretsthosesignalsasvisualimages.Rodsdetectlightatlowlevelsofillumination.Forinstance,rodsallowyoutoseefaintshadowsindimmoonlight.Cones,ontheotherhand,aremostsensitivetocolor.Somediseasescandamagecellsintheretina.Forinstance,maculardegenerationcausesblindnessandothervisionproblemsin700,000peopleintheUnitedStateseachyear.Theconditioniscausedbyalackofadequatebloodsupplytothecentralpartoftheretina.Withoutblood,therods,cones,andothercellsintheretinadie.

Devicessuchastheretinalprostheseswon’tpreventorcureoureyediseases,buttheymayhelppatientswhohaveeyedisordersregainsomeoftheirvision.Differentformsofretinalprosthesesarecurrentlybeingdeveloped.Ononetype,atinycomputerchipisembeddedintheeye.Thechiphasagridofabout2,500light-sensingelementscalledpixels.

Lightenteringtheeyestrikesthepixels,whichconvertthelightintoelectricalsignals.Thepixelsthensendtheelectricalsignalstonervecellsbehindtheretina.Thosecellssendsignalsviatheopticnervetothebrainforinterpretation.

Manypeoplewhohavehadaretinalprosthesisimplantedsaytheycanseeshapes,colors,andmovementsthattheycouldn’tseebefore.“Itwasgreat,”saidHaroldChurchey,whoreceivedhisretinalprosthesis15yearsafterhebecametotallyblind.“Toseelightaftersolong—itwasjustwonderful.Itwasjustlikeswitchingalighton.”

1.WhydidSteveWondervisitM