八年級(jí)從屬連詞that及if-whether和疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句-詳細(xì)課件復(fù)習(xí)進(jìn)程

八年級(jí)從屬連詞that及if_whether和疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句__詳細(xì)課件八年級(jí)從屬連詞that及if_whether和疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)的賓賓語(yǔ)從句概念：句子的賓語(yǔ)一般由名詞、代詞、動(dòng)名詞或動(dòng)詞不定式充當(dāng)，當(dāng)一個(gè)句子充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)時(shí),我們把這個(gè)句子叫做賓語(yǔ)從句。（一般句子的主要成分都是主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)，從句的意思是句子里面還有句子，賓語(yǔ)從句就是說(shuō)由一段句子作賓語(yǔ)的句子）賓語(yǔ)從句的三要點(diǎn)：1、引導(dǎo)詞2、從句語(yǔ)序3、從句的時(shí)態(tài)賓語(yǔ)從句概念：句子的賓語(yǔ)一般由名詞、代詞、動(dòng)名詞或動(dòng)詞不定式不同引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句可分為三類1.從屬連詞that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句2.從屬連詞if,whether引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句

that引導(dǎo)表示陳述句的賓語(yǔ)從句

而if和whether引導(dǎo)表示“是否”的賓語(yǔ)從句.不同引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句可分為三類2.由連接代詞Who,whom,whose,which，

what和連接副詞where,how,why,when引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句在疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句中，一定要用陳述語(yǔ)序。2.由連接代詞Who,whom,whose,which，由從屬連詞that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句

e.g.Ihear(that)hewillbebackinanhour

.（我聽(tīng)說(shuō)一小時(shí)后他會(huì)回來(lái)）Hesaid(that)hemissedusverymuch.

（他說(shuō)他非常想念我們）Theteachertoldus(that)

theearthmovesaroundthesun.（老師告訴我們地球圍著太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)）由從屬連詞that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句

e.g.由從屬連詞that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句

注：that在句中無(wú)詞匯意義，在從句中不能充當(dāng)成分，

在口語(yǔ)中that往往可以省略當(dāng)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞表示肯定的概念，如“希望”“相信”“知道”或“說(shuō)”時(shí)，起后面的句子一般用that引導(dǎo)。例如：Ihope(that)itwillsnowthiswinter.Ibelieve(that)weshallbecomegoodfriends.Bettythinks(that)treescanimprovetheair.由從屬連詞that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句

注：that在句中無(wú)詞匯當(dāng)主句的謂語(yǔ)是think,believe等動(dòng)詞時(shí)，某后作賓語(yǔ)的that從句如果否定意義，通常將否定詞not移至主句動(dòng)詞之前。否定轉(zhuǎn)移Idon’tthinkheishavingameeting.Idon'tbelieve(that)weshallbecomegoodfriends.當(dāng)主句的謂語(yǔ)是think,believe等動(dòng)詞時(shí)，某后由從屬連詞that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句溫馨提示：并非所有的動(dòng)詞后面都可以接that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。常接that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有：believe,expect（希望）,explain（解釋）,feel,hear,hope,imagine（猜想）,prefer（提出）,promise（承諾）,report（報(bào)告）,say,see,tell,think,understand,warn（提醒）,wish等。由從屬連詞that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句溫馨提示：并非所有的動(dòng)詞后面由從屬連詞whether,if引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句如果要表達(dá)像“他不知道他們周六是否會(huì)去植樹(shù)”或“我記不清以前是否見(jiàn)過(guò)他”這樣的不確定的概念時(shí)，從句就要用whether或if來(lái)引導(dǎo)，不能用that。例如：HedoesnotknowwhethertheywillplanttreesonSaturdayornot.Heaskedwhether/ifwewillgofishingonSunday.Tomwantstoknowwhether/ifheneedstocomeearlytomorrow.思考：有兩個(gè)引導(dǎo)詞，一個(gè)是whether，一個(gè)是if，應(yīng)該如何選擇？由從屬連詞whether,if引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句如果要表達(dá)像注意在下列情況下一般用whether,而不用if.Iaminterestedinwhetherhe’llgotohaveapicnic①作介詞的賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，用whether，而不用if.Whetherthisistrueornot,Iamnotsure.②whether引導(dǎo)的從句可移到主句之前而if不能。注意在下列情況下一般用whether,而不用if.Ia注意在下列情況下一般用whether,而不用if.3、當(dāng)句末為ornot時(shí)，引導(dǎo)詞只能用whether而不能用if.Idon’tknowwhetheritisgoingtorainornot.（是否要下雨）4、在不定式前，引導(dǎo)詞只能用whether而不能用if.Ihaven’tmadeupmymindwhethertogothereornot.注意在下列情況下一般用whether,而不用if.由連接代詞who,whom,whose,which,what

及連接副詞

when,where,how,why引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句1.Heasked

whocouldanswerthequestion

.(誰(shuí)能回答這個(gè)問(wèn)題）2.Doyouknow

whomtheyarewaitingfor

.（他們?cè)诘日l(shuí)）3.Heasked

whosehandwritingwasthebestintheclass

.（誰(shuí)的書(shū)法是班上最好的）4.Pleasetellme

whenwewillhaveameeting

.（我們什么時(shí)候開(kāi)會(huì)）5.Canyoutellme

whereheis

.（他在哪兒）6.Couldyoutellme

howIcangettothestation

.（我該怎么去車站）7.Wouldyoutellme

whythetrainislate

.（為什么火車遲到了）

由連接代詞who,whom,whose,which,二、從句語(yǔ)序：一律用陳述語(yǔ)序

主句+引導(dǎo)詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞+其他Heaskedme

whenIarrivedinShanghai.Iwanttoknow

wheretheywill

go.Couldyoutellme

whatyouarereading?Idon'tknow

wherehelives.二、從句語(yǔ)序：一律用陳述語(yǔ)序

主句+引導(dǎo)詞+主語(yǔ)+謂請(qǐng)注意看紅色字體的語(yǔ)序e.g:

CouldyoutellmehowIcangetto

theScienceMuseum?

Heaskedhimwherehecamefrom.

Didyouknowwhat’sthenameofthe

handsomeboyintheclassroomyesterday？

PleasetellmewhereIcanbuythebeautifulflower.

請(qǐng)注意看紅色字體的語(yǔ)序e.g:Couldyoutell三.主從句的時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng)1.主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句可以用任何時(shí)態(tài)。2.主句是一般過(guò)去時(shí),

從句用過(guò)去范疇的時(shí)態(tài)。3.主句是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，但從句表達(dá)的是客觀真理或自然現(xiàn)象時(shí)，仍然用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。e.g:Hesaysthathe

isreading

abooknow.

Hesaidthathe

wouldwork

hard.

Theysaidthey

hadbeento

France.

Thestudentsaskedmeiftheearth

goes

roundthesun.三.主從句的時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng)1.主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句可以用任何時(shí)態(tài)具體的時(shí)態(tài)的變化

1.當(dāng)主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)不作限制，我們可以根據(jù)句子的意思來(lái)使用需要的任何一種時(shí)態(tài)。

e.g：

Ihear(that)TomhasbeentoGuilintwice.

Ihear(that)shewillcometomorrow.

Ihear(that)Jimwenttoworkanhourago.

Ihear(that)heisinterestedinEnglish.

具體的時(shí)態(tài)的變化

1.當(dāng)主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)不作2.當(dāng)主句是一般過(guò)去時(shí)的時(shí)候，賓語(yǔ)從句必須運(yùn)用相應(yīng)的過(guò)去的某一種時(shí)態(tài)，從而達(dá)到主句和從句的相互一致。

e.g：Hesaid(that)hewouldgotoXi’an.

Hesaid(that)hewasillyesterday.

Hesaid(that)hewasreadingabook.

Hesaid(that)hehadhadsupperalready.3.當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句說(shuō)明的是客觀存在的事實(shí)或者是客觀存在的真理時(shí)，就不用受到主句時(shí)態(tài)的限制，仍是用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。

e.g：Hesaidthatthesunismuchbiggerthanthemoon.

Theteachertoldthestudentsthatlighttravelsfasterthansound.

ThePEteachersaidthatdoingmorningexerciseisusefultoourhealth.

2.當(dāng)主句是一般過(guò)去時(shí)的時(shí)候，賓語(yǔ)從句必須運(yùn)用相應(yīng)的過(guò)去的某四.賓語(yǔ)從句的標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)

標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)：賓語(yǔ)從句末尾的標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)由主句決定，不受從句的限制。如果主句是陳述句或者是祈使句時(shí)用句號(hào)；而主句是疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，句末則用問(wèn)號(hào)。

e.g

：Heaskedmeif/whetherIcouldhelphim.

DoyouknowwhereLiPingis?

Pleasetellmewhichcolouryoulikebest.

Wouldyoupleasetelltheteacherhowoldyouare?

四.賓語(yǔ)從句的標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)

PracticePractice1．Inthebookshop，a readeraskedtheshop- keeper____WhoMoved MyCheese

was interesting.A．if B．howC．what 1．Inthebookshop，a readera2．—Idon'tknow___Mr Greenwillcometosee us． —Hewillhelpuswithour English． A．whyB．when C．howD．where2．—Idon'tknow___Mr Green3．—Weneverknow_____ theoldmanis．—Theysayheisa teacher． A．whatB．who C．whichD．where3．—Weneverknow_____ theo4．—Couldyoutellme ___? I'mgoingtoseehim．—Sorry，Idon'tknow． A.wheredoesMrLilive B.wheredidMrLilive C.WhereMrLilives D.whereMrLilived4．—Couldyoutellme ___? IDirectspeech直接引語(yǔ)

Reportedspeech間接引語(yǔ).直接引述別人的話，要加引號(hào)用自己的話轉(zhuǎn)述別人的話，不用引號(hào)Directspeech直接引述別人的用自己的話轉(zhuǎn)述Theboysaid,“I’m

readingabook.”Directspeech直接引語(yǔ)

Theboysaid(that)hewasreadingabook.Reportedspeech間接引語(yǔ).Theboysaid,“I’mreadinga直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)與賓語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系陳述句變?yōu)閠hat引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句e.g.1.Hesaid,“YouareyoungerthanI”.

2.Hesays,“Tomisagoodstudent”.

Hesaid（that）Iwasyoungerthanhim.

Hesays（that）Tomisagoodstudent.

直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)與賓語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系陳述句變?yōu)閠hat引導(dǎo)的賓人稱變化一主

Shesaid."Mybrotherwantstogowithmetomorrw."→

Shesaidherbrotherwantedtogowithherthenextday.二賓

Jacksaidtome,“Youlookworriedtoday.”

JacktoldmethatIlookedworriedthatday.三不變

Theteachersaid,“Lilyisagoodstudent.”

TheteachersaidthatLilywasagoodstudent.人稱變化1陳述句直接引語(yǔ)如果是陳述句，變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，用連詞that引導(dǎo)（that在口語(yǔ)中常省略）一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)

Hesaid,“IcandowellinEnglish.”

現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)Hesaid,“I'mwritingaletter.”

一般將來(lái)時(shí)

Tomsaidtome“Iwillcallyoutomorrow”一般過(guò)去時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)→Hesaidthat

he

coulddowellinEnglish.→

Hesaidthat

he

waswritingaletter.

Tomtoldmethathe

wouldcallme

thenextday.

1陳述句直接引語(yǔ)如果是陳述句，變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，用連詞注：如果主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，從句的時(shí)態(tài)不變。Hesays,“I’mnotgoodatmath.”Hesaysthatheisnotgoodatmath.注：如果主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，從句的時(shí)態(tài)記?。?/p>

動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)的變化直接引語(yǔ)間接引語(yǔ)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)cancouldmaymight記住：動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)的變化直接引語(yǔ)間接引語(yǔ)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般過(guò)記?。褐甘敬~、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)和動(dòng)詞的變化直接引語(yǔ)間接引語(yǔ)指示代詞this,thesethat,those時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)nowtodayyesterdaytomorrowthisweeknextweek...thenthatdaythedaybeforethenextdaythatweek...thenextweek地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)herethere動(dòng)詞comego記住：指示代詞、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)和直接引語(yǔ)間接引語(yǔ)指示代詞thisthatthesethosenowthenthatdaytodayyesterdaythedaybeforetomorrowthenextdaynextweek（month，year）thenextweek(month,year)heretherecomegothisweekthatweekthisthatthesethosenowthenthat注意：(1)當(dāng)轉(zhuǎn)述客觀真理時(shí)，直接引語(yǔ)變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)不變。如：

1.He

said,

“The

moon

moves

around

the

earth.

Hesaid

that

the

moon

moves

around

the

earth.(2)為了表示引述的狀態(tài)和情況到現(xiàn)在仍然是事實(shí)時(shí)，也經(jīng)常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。

Myteachersaid,“Tomisagoodstudent.”

MyteachersaidTomisagoodstudent.

注意：Icanspeakthreelanguages.Hesaidhecouldspeakthreelanguages.Whatdidhesay?Icanspeakthreelanguages.HeWearehavingapartyforLana.Whatdidtheysay?TheysaidtheywerehavingapartyforLana.WearehavingapartyforLanashewashard-working,Iamhard-working.

Whatdidshesay?Shesaidshewasnotlazy.Whatdidshesay?ShesaidIamnotlazy.

shewashard-working,Iamhardhewasgoodatplayingbasketball.Whatdidhesay?HesaidI’mgoodatplayingbasketball.hewasgoodatplayingWhatdiI

amgood

at

English.Shesaidshewasgoodat

English.Whatdidshesay?Whatdidshesay?IdowellinEnglish.Shesaidshe

didwellin

English.dowellinIdowellinEnglish.IamgoodatEnglish.ShesaidIgotobeacheverySunday.Whatdidhesay?Hesaid

he___________________________.wenttobeacheverySundayIgotobeacheverySunday.WhaWhatdidshesay?Shesaid

she_________________________.wouldcallmetomorrowIwillcallyoutomorrow.Whatdidshesay?wouldcallme將下列直接引語(yǔ)的句子改寫(xiě)為間接引語(yǔ):1.Lanasaid,"I'mgoingtohaveasurprisepartyforMaria."LanasaidthatshewasgoingtohaveasurprisepartyforMaria.將下列直接引語(yǔ)的句子改寫(xiě)為間接引語(yǔ):2.Theteachersaid,"Mystudentsarehard-working."Theteachersaidthathis/herstudentswerehardworking.3.TomtoldJane,"Iwilllendmybicycletoyou."TomtoldJanethathewouldlendhisbicycletoher/Jane.2.Theteachersaid,"Mystude5.She

said

to

him,

“It’s

time

togohome.”4.Mr.Wang

said,“I

will

leave

for

Shanghai

next

month.”Mr.

Wang

said

that

he

would

leave

for

Shanghai

the

next

month.She

told

him

that

it

was

time

togohome.

4.Mr.Wang

said,“I

will

leave

f直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)與賓語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系一般疑問(wèn)句變?yōu)閕f(whether)引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句e.g.Shesaid,“Doyouoftencomeheretoreadnewspaper?”“WilltheygotovisittheGreatWall?”heasked.Sheaskedif(whether)Ioftencameheretoreadnewspaper.

Heaskedif(whether)theywouldgotovisittheGreatWall.

直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)與賓語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系一般疑問(wèn)句變?yōu)閕f(wh2.直接引語(yǔ)如果是疑問(wèn)句，變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，要把疑問(wèn)句語(yǔ)序改為陳述句語(yǔ)序。1）一般疑問(wèn)句。用whether或if(是否）引導(dǎo)。主句中的動(dòng)詞是said時(shí)改為asked。

Eg.He

said,

“Are

you

a

student?”

疑問(wèn)語(yǔ)序

He

askedme

whether/if

I

was

a

student.陳述語(yǔ)序2.直接引語(yǔ)如果是疑問(wèn)句，變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，要陳述語(yǔ)序一般疑問(wèn)句變成if/whether引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。1.Hesaid,“Canyouswim,John?”HeaskedJohnifhecouldswim.2.Theteachersaid,“Haveyouallunderstoodme?”Theteacheraskedifwehadallunderstoodhim.一般疑問(wèn)句變成if/whether引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。1.HeIf/whether的用法主要區(qū)別點(diǎn):whether可與or(not)連用Idon’tknowwhetherhewillcomeornot.Idon’tknowif/whetherhewillcome.If/whether的用法主要區(qū)別點(diǎn):直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)與賓語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系特殊疑問(wèn)句變?yōu)閣ho,what,when等引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句e.g.1.Heasked,“Wheredoyoulive?”2.“Howcanwegettothepost-office?”heasked.HeaskedwhereIlived.Heaskedhowtheycouldgettothepost-office.直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)與賓語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系特殊疑問(wèn)句變?yōu)閣ho,w2)特殊疑問(wèn)句:由直接引語(yǔ)變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí),仍用原來(lái)的疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo).要把疑問(wèn)句語(yǔ)序改為陳述句語(yǔ)序。Eg.“Where

are

you

going?”

Father

asked

his

son.Eg.Thepolicemanaskedthesmallboy,“Wheredoyoulive?”Thepolicemanaskedthesmallboywherehelived.Fatheraskedhissonwherehewasgoing疑問(wèn)語(yǔ)序陳述語(yǔ)序疑問(wèn)語(yǔ)序陳述語(yǔ)序2)特殊疑問(wèn)句:由直接引語(yǔ)變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí),仍用原來(lái)的疑問(wèn)三.特殊疑問(wèn)句變?yōu)橛蓋ho/what/when等疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。1.Georgesaid,“WhenwillyougetbackfromShanghai,Mike?”GeorgeaskedMikewhenhewouldgetbackfromShanghai.2.Hesaid,“Whereareyougoing?”HeaskedwhereIwasgoing.三.特殊疑問(wèn)句變?yōu)橛蓋ho/what/when等3.當(dāng)直接引語(yǔ)是祈使句，變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí),間接祈使句的引述動(dòng)詞常用tell,ask,order,等,而把直接引語(yǔ)的祈使句變成帶(not)to的不定式短語(yǔ)。句型：tell/ask/ordersb(not)todosth3.當(dāng)直接引語(yǔ)是祈使句，變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí),間接祈使句的引述動(dòng)1.Theteachersaidtothestudents,“Stoptalking.”老師對(duì)學(xué)生們說(shuō):“不要講話了?！薄鶷heteachertoldthestudentstostoptalking.老師讓學(xué)生們不要說(shuō)話了。2.Theteachersaidtous,”Don’tplayinclass.Theteachertold/askedusnottoplayinclass.

1.Theteachersaidtothestu練習(xí)：1.Theteachersaidtotheboy,“Openthewindow.”Theteachertoldtheboytoopenthewindow.2.Hisfathersaidtohim,“Don’tleavethedooropen.”Hisfathertoldhimnottoleavethedooropen.練習(xí)：1.Theteachersaidtothebchangethedirectspeechintoreportedspeech1Thegirlsaid,“Iwillhaveaparty.”Thegirlsaid(that)shewouldhaveaparty.2Heaskedme,“Isyourfatheradoctor?”Heaskedmeif/whethermyfatherwasadoctor.3Thepoliceaskedtheman,“Whereareyougoing?”Thepoliceaskedthemanwherehewasgoing.changethedirectspeechinto4MothersaidtoTom,“getupearlier!”Mothertold/askedTomtogetupearlier.5Theteachersaidtous,“Don`ttalkinclass!”Theteachertold

/askedusnottotalkinclass.6Theteachersaid,“Themoongoesaroundtheearth.”Theteachersaid(that)themoongoesaroundtheearth.4MothersaidtoTom,“getupe1.“IamgoodatEnglish,”Lucysaid.2.“LiLeiisreadingabook,”PetersaidtoLucy.3.“Wewillhaveafootballmatch,”hetoldhismother.LucysaidshewasgoodatEnglish.PetertoldLucythatLiLeiwasreadingabook.Hetoldhismothertheywouldhaveafootballmatch.二.把下列句子變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)。1.“IamgoodatEnglish,”Lu4.“TheygotoschooleverydayexceptSaturdayandSunday,”theboysaid.

TheboysaidtheywenttoschooleverydayexceptSaturdayandSunday.5.Sheaskedme,"Whydoyouwanttodothis?"SheaskedmewhyIwantedtodothat.4.“TheygotoschooleverydaSummary1當(dāng)直接引語(yǔ)是陳述句：由(that)引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)（said)that+句子（時(shí)態(tài)往過(guò)去推

told2當(dāng)直接引語(yǔ)是一般疑問(wèn)句:用

if引導(dǎo)

whether主語(yǔ)（asked)

if+一般疑問(wèn)句(主謂結(jié)構(gòu)）

whether

Summary3.當(dāng)直接引語(yǔ)是特殊疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，用原來(lái)的特殊疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)（what/where等）主語(yǔ)asked+

what特殊疑問(wèn)句（主謂）

where4當(dāng)直接引語(yǔ)是祈使句時(shí)用句型：主語(yǔ)+told

sb(not)todosth

askedordered3.當(dāng)直接引語(yǔ)是特殊疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，用原來(lái)的特殊疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)（wha此課件下載可自行編輯修改，僅供參考！

感謝您的支持，我們努力做得更好！謝謝此課件下載可自行編輯修改，僅供參考！

感謝您的支持，我們努力八年級(jí)從屬連詞that及if_whether和疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句__詳細(xì)課件八年級(jí)從屬連詞that及if_whether和疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)的賓賓語(yǔ)從句概念：句子的賓語(yǔ)一般由名詞、代詞、動(dòng)名詞或動(dòng)詞不定式充當(dāng)，當(dāng)一個(gè)句子充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)時(shí),我們把這個(gè)句子叫做賓語(yǔ)從句。（一般句子的主要成分都是主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)，從句的意思是句子里面還有句子，賓語(yǔ)從句就是說(shuō)由一段句子作賓語(yǔ)的句子）賓語(yǔ)從句的三要點(diǎn)：1、引導(dǎo)詞2、從句語(yǔ)序3、從句的時(shí)態(tài)賓語(yǔ)從句概念：句子的賓語(yǔ)一般由名詞、代詞、動(dòng)名詞或動(dòng)詞不定式不同引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句可分為三類1.從屬連詞that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句2.從屬連詞if,whether引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句

that引導(dǎo)表示陳述句的賓語(yǔ)從句

而if和whether引導(dǎo)表示“是否”的賓語(yǔ)從句.不同引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句可分為三類2.由連接代詞Who,whom,whose,which，

what和連接副詞where,how,why,when引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句在疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句中，一定要用陳述語(yǔ)序。2.由連接代詞Who,whom,whose,which，由從屬連詞that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句

e.g.Ihear(that)hewillbebackinanhour

.（我聽(tīng)說(shuō)一小時(shí)后他會(huì)回來(lái)）Hesaid(that)hemissedusverymuch.

（他說(shuō)他非常想念我們）Theteachertoldus(that)

theearthmovesaroundthesun.（老師告訴我們地球圍著太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)）由從屬連詞that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句

e.g.由從屬連詞that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句

注：that在句中無(wú)詞匯意義，在從句中不能充當(dāng)成分，

在口語(yǔ)中that往往可以省略當(dāng)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞表示肯定的概念，如“希望”“相信”“知道”或“說(shuō)”時(shí)，起后面的句子一般用that引導(dǎo)。例如：Ihope(that)itwillsnowthiswinter.Ibelieve(that)weshallbecomegoodfriends.Bettythinks(that)treescanimprovetheair.由從屬連詞that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句

注：that在句中無(wú)詞匯當(dāng)主句的謂語(yǔ)是think,believe等動(dòng)詞時(shí)，某后作賓語(yǔ)的that從句如果否定意義，通常將否定詞not移至主句動(dòng)詞之前。否定轉(zhuǎn)移Idon’tthinkheishavingameeting.Idon'tbelieve(that)weshallbecomegoodfriends.當(dāng)主句的謂語(yǔ)是think,believe等動(dòng)詞時(shí)，某后由從屬連詞that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句溫馨提示：并非所有的動(dòng)詞后面都可以接that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。常接that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有：believe,expect（希望）,explain（解釋）,feel,hear,hope,imagine（猜想）,prefer（提出）,promise（承諾）,report（報(bào)告）,say,see,tell,think,understand,warn（提醒）,wish等。由從屬連詞that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句溫馨提示：并非所有的動(dòng)詞后面由從屬連詞whether,if引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句如果要表達(dá)像“他不知道他們周六是否會(huì)去植樹(shù)”或“我記不清以前是否見(jiàn)過(guò)他”這樣的不確定的概念時(shí)，從句就要用whether或if來(lái)引導(dǎo)，不能用that。例如：HedoesnotknowwhethertheywillplanttreesonSaturdayornot.Heaskedwhether/ifwewillgofishingonSunday.Tomwantstoknowwhether/ifheneedstocomeearlytomorrow.思考：有兩個(gè)引導(dǎo)詞，一個(gè)是whether，一個(gè)是if，應(yīng)該如何選擇？由從屬連詞whether,if引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句如果要表達(dá)像注意在下列情況下一般用whether,而不用if.Iaminterestedinwhetherhe’llgotohaveapicnic①作介詞的賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，用whether，而不用if.Whetherthisistrueornot,Iamnotsure.②whether引導(dǎo)的從句可移到主句之前而if不能。注意在下列情況下一般用whether,而不用if.Ia注意在下列情況下一般用whether,而不用if.3、當(dāng)句末為ornot時(shí)，引導(dǎo)詞只能用whether而不能用if.Idon’tknowwhetheritisgoingtorainornot.（是否要下雨）4、在不定式前，引導(dǎo)詞只能用whether而不能用if.Ihaven’tmadeupmymindwhethertogothereornot.注意在下列情況下一般用whether,而不用if.由連接代詞who,whom,whose,which,what

及連接副詞

when,where,how,why引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句1.Heasked

whocouldanswerthequestion

.(誰(shuí)能回答這個(gè)問(wèn)題）2.Doyouknow

whomtheyarewaitingfor

.（他們?cè)诘日l(shuí)）3.Heasked

whosehandwritingwasthebestintheclass

.（誰(shuí)的書(shū)法是班上最好的）4.Pleasetellme

whenwewillhaveameeting

.（我們什么時(shí)候開(kāi)會(huì)）5.Canyoutellme

whereheis

.（他在哪兒）6.Couldyoutellme

howIcangettothestation

.（我該怎么去車站）7.Wouldyoutellme

whythetrainislate

.（為什么火車遲到了）

由連接代詞who,whom,whose,which,二、從句語(yǔ)序：一律用陳述語(yǔ)序

主句+引導(dǎo)詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞+其他Heaskedme

whenIarrivedinShanghai.Iwanttoknow

wheretheywill

go.Couldyoutellme

whatyouarereading?Idon'tknow

wherehelives.二、從句語(yǔ)序：一律用陳述語(yǔ)序

主句+引導(dǎo)詞+主語(yǔ)+謂請(qǐng)注意看紅色字體的語(yǔ)序e.g:

CouldyoutellmehowIcangetto

theScienceMuseum?

Heaskedhimwherehecamefrom.

Didyouknowwhat’sthenameofthe

handsomeboyintheclassroomyesterday？

PleasetellmewhereIcanbuythebeautifulflower.

請(qǐng)注意看紅色字體的語(yǔ)序e.g:Couldyoutell三.主從句的時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng)1.主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句可以用任何時(shí)態(tài)。2.主句是一般過(guò)去時(shí),

從句用過(guò)去范疇的時(shí)態(tài)。3.主句是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，但從句表達(dá)的是客觀真理或自然現(xiàn)象時(shí)，仍然用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。e.g:Hesaysthathe

isreading

abooknow.

Hesaidthathe

wouldwork

hard.

Theysaidthey

hadbeento

France.

Thestudentsaskedmeiftheearth

goes

roundthesun.三.主從句的時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng)1.主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句可以用任何時(shí)態(tài)具體的時(shí)態(tài)的變化

1.當(dāng)主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)不作限制，我們可以根據(jù)句子的意思來(lái)使用需要的任何一種時(shí)態(tài)。

e.g：

Ihear(that)TomhasbeentoGuilintwice.

Ihear(that)shewillcometomorrow.

Ihear(that)Jimwenttoworkanhourago.

Ihear(that)heisinterestedinEnglish.

具體的時(shí)態(tài)的變化

1.當(dāng)主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)不作2.當(dāng)主句是一般過(guò)去時(shí)的時(shí)候，賓語(yǔ)從句必須運(yùn)用相應(yīng)的過(guò)去的某一種時(shí)態(tài)，從而達(dá)到主句和從句的相互一致。

e.g：Hesaid(that)hewouldgotoXi’an.

Hesaid(that)hewasillyesterday.

Hesaid(that)hewasreadingabook.

Hesaid(that)hehadhadsupperalready.3.當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句說(shuō)明的是客觀存在的事實(shí)或者是客觀存在的真理時(shí)，就不用受到主句時(shí)態(tài)的限制，仍是用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。

e.g：Hesaidthatthesunismuchbiggerthanthemoon.

Theteachertoldthestudentsthatlighttravelsfasterthansound.

ThePEteachersaidthatdoingmorningexerciseisusefultoourhealth.

2.當(dāng)主句是一般過(guò)去時(shí)的時(shí)候，賓語(yǔ)從句必須運(yùn)用相應(yīng)的過(guò)去的某四.賓語(yǔ)從句的標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)

標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)：賓語(yǔ)從句末尾的標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)由主句決定，不受從句的限制。如果主句是陳述句或者是祈使句時(shí)用句號(hào)；而主句是疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，句末則用問(wèn)號(hào)。

e.g

：Heaskedmeif/whetherIcouldhelphim.

DoyouknowwhereLiPingis?

Pleasetellmewhichcolouryoulikebest.

Wouldyoupleasetelltheteacherhowoldyouare?

四.賓語(yǔ)從句的標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)

PracticePractice1．Inthebookshop，a readeraskedtheshop- keeper____WhoMoved MyCheese

was interesting.A．if B．howC．what 1．Inthebookshop，a readera2．—Idon'tknow___Mr Greenwillcometosee us． —Hewillhelpuswithour English． A．whyB．when C．howD．where2．—Idon'tknow___Mr Green3．—Weneverknow_____ theoldmanis．—Theysayheisa teacher． A．whatB．who C．whichD．where3．—Weneverknow_____ theo4．—Couldyoutellme ___? I'mgoingtoseehim．—Sorry，Idon'tknow． A.wheredoesMrLilive B.wheredidMrLilive C.WhereMrLilives D.whereMrLilived4．—Couldyoutellme ___? IDirectspeech直接引語(yǔ)

Reportedspeech間接引語(yǔ).直接引述別人的話，要加引號(hào)用自己的話轉(zhuǎn)述別人的話，不用引號(hào)Directspeech直接引述別人的用自己的話轉(zhuǎn)述Theboysaid,“I’m

readingabook.”Directspeech直接引語(yǔ)

Theboysaid(that)hewasreadingabook.Reportedspeech間接引語(yǔ).Theboysaid,“I’mreadinga直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)與賓語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系陳述句變?yōu)閠hat引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句e.g.1.Hesaid,“YouareyoungerthanI”.

2.Hesays,“Tomisagoodstudent”.

Hesaid（that）Iwasyoungerthanhim.

Hesays（that）Tomisagoodstudent.

直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)與賓語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系陳述句變?yōu)閠hat引導(dǎo)的賓人稱變化一主

Shesaid."Mybrotherwantstogowithmetomorrw."→

Shesaidherbrotherwantedtogowithherthenextday.二賓

Jacksaidtome,“Youlookworriedtoday.”

JacktoldmethatIlookedworriedthatday.三不變

Theteachersaid,“Lilyisagoodstudent.”

TheteachersaidthatLilywasagoodstudent.人稱變化1陳述句直接引語(yǔ)如果是陳述句，變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，用連詞that引導(dǎo)（that在口語(yǔ)中常省略）一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)

Hesaid,“IcandowellinEnglish.”

現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)Hesaid,“I'mwritingaletter.”

一般將來(lái)時(shí)

Tomsaidtome“Iwillcallyoutomorrow”一般過(guò)去時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)→Hesaidthat

he

coulddowellinEnglish.→

Hesaidthat

he

waswritingaletter.

Tomtoldmethathe

wouldcallme

thenextday.

1陳述句直接引語(yǔ)如果是陳述句，變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，用連詞注：如果主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，從句的時(shí)態(tài)不變。Hesays,“I’mnotgoodatmath.”Hesaysthatheisnotgoodatmath.注：如果主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，從句的時(shí)態(tài)記?。?/p>

動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)的變化直接引語(yǔ)間接引語(yǔ)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)cancouldmaymight記住：動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)的變化直接引語(yǔ)間接引語(yǔ)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般過(guò)記?。褐甘敬~、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)和動(dòng)詞的變化直接引語(yǔ)間接引語(yǔ)指示代詞this,thesethat,those時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)nowtodayyesterdaytomorrowthisweeknextweek...thenthatdaythedaybeforethenextdaythatweek...thenextweek地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)herethere動(dòng)詞comego記?。褐甘敬~、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)和直接引語(yǔ)間接引語(yǔ)指示代詞thisthatthesethosenowthenthatdaytodayyesterdaythedaybeforetomorrowthenextdaynextweek（month，year）thenextweek(month,year)heretherecomegothisweekthatweekthisthatthesethosenowthenthat注意：(1)當(dāng)轉(zhuǎn)述客觀真理時(shí)，直接引語(yǔ)變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)不變。如：

1.He

said,

“The

moon

moves

around

the

earth.

Hesaid

that

the

moon

moves

around

the

earth.(2)為了表示引述的狀態(tài)和情況到現(xiàn)在仍然是事實(shí)時(shí)，也經(jīng)常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。

Myteachersaid,“Tomisagoodstudent.”

MyteachersaidTomisagoodstudent.

注意：Icanspeakthreelanguages.Hesaidhecouldspeakthreelanguages.Whatdidhesay?Icanspeakthreelanguages.HeWearehavingapartyforLana.Whatdidtheysay?TheysaidtheywerehavingapartyforLana.WearehavingapartyforLanashewashard-working,Iamhard-working.

Whatdidshesay?Shesaidshewasnotlazy.Whatdidshesay?ShesaidIamnotlazy.

shewashard-working,Iamhardhewasgoodatplayingbasketball.Whatdidhesay?HesaidI’mgoodatplayingbasketball.hewasgoodatplayingWhatdiI

amgood

at

English.Shesaidshewasgoodat

English.Whatdidshesay?Whatdidshesay?IdowellinEnglish.Shesaidshe

didwellin

English.dowellinIdowellinEnglish.IamgoodatEnglish.ShesaidIgotobeacheverySunday.Whatdidhesay?Hesaid

he___________________________.wenttobeacheverySundayIgotobeacheverySunday.WhaWhatdidshesay?Shesaid

she_________________________.wouldcallmetomorrowIwillcallyoutomorrow.Whatdidshesay?wouldcallme將下列直接引語(yǔ)的句子改寫(xiě)為間接引語(yǔ):1.Lanasaid,"I'mgoingtohaveasurprisepartyforMaria."LanasaidthatshewasgoingtohaveasurprisepartyforMaria.將下列直接引語(yǔ)的句子改寫(xiě)為間接引語(yǔ):2.Theteachersaid,"Mystudentsarehard-working."Theteachersaidthathis/herstudentswerehardworking.3.TomtoldJane,"Iwilllendmybicycletoyou."TomtoldJanethathewouldlendhisbicycletoher/Jane.2.Theteachersaid,"Mystude5.She

said

to

him,

“It’s

time

togohome.”4.Mr.Wang

said,“I

will

leave

for

Shanghai

next

month.”Mr.

Wang

said

that

he

would

leave

for

Shanghai

the

next

month.She

told

him

that

it

was

time

togohome.

4.Mr.Wang

said,“I

will

leave

f直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)與賓語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系一般疑問(wèn)句變?yōu)閕f(whether)引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句e.g.Shesaid,“Doyouoftencomeheretoreadnewspaper?”“WilltheygotovisittheGreatWall?”heasked.Sheaskedif(whether)Ioftencameheretoreadnewspaper.

Heaskedif(whether)theywouldgotovisittheGreatWall.

直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)與賓語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系一般疑問(wèn)句變?yōu)閕f(wh2.直接引語(yǔ)如果是疑問(wèn)句，變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，要把疑問(wèn)句語(yǔ)序改為陳述句語(yǔ)序。1）一般疑問(wèn)句。用whether或if(是否）引導(dǎo)。主句中的動(dòng)詞是said時(shí)改為asked。

Eg.He

said,

“Are

you

a

student?”

疑問(wèn)語(yǔ)序

He

askedme

whether/if

I

was

a

student.陳述語(yǔ)序2.直接引語(yǔ)如果是疑問(wèn)句，變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，要陳述語(yǔ)序一般疑問(wèn)句變成if/whether引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。1.Hesaid,“Canyouswim,John?”HeaskedJohnifhecouldswim.2.Theteachersaid,“Haveyouallunderstoodme?”Theteacheraskedifwehadallunderstoodhim.一般疑問(wèn)句變成if/whether引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。1.HeIf/whether的用法主要區(qū)別點(diǎn):whether可與or(not)連用Idon’tknowwhetherhewillcomeornot.Idon’tknowif/whetherhewillcome.If/whether的用法主要區(qū)別點(diǎn):直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)與賓語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系特殊疑問(wèn)句變?yōu)閣ho,what,when等引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句e.g.1.Heasked,“Wheredoyoulive?”2.“Howcanwegettothepost-office?”heasked.HeaskedwhereIlived.Heaskedhowtheycouldgettothepost-office.直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)與賓語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系特殊疑問(wèn)句變?yōu)閣ho,w2)特殊疑問(wèn)句:由直接引語(yǔ)變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí),仍用原來(lái)的疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo).要把疑問(wèn)句語(yǔ)序改為陳述句語(yǔ)序。Eg.“Where

are

you

going?”

Father

asked

his

son.Eg.Thepolicemanaskedthesmallboy,“Wheredoyoulive?”Thepolicemanaskedthesmallboywherehelived.Fatheraskedhissonwherehewasgoing疑問(wèn)語(yǔ)序陳述語(yǔ)序疑問(wèn)語(yǔ)序陳述語(yǔ)序2