商務英語閱讀(第二版) 王關富 Unit4The Incredible Shrinking Europe 課后答案

Unit4TheIncredibleShrinkingEuropeExercises1.Answerstothequestionsonthetext:1)WhatwasthedreamthattheEurophileswerefamiliarwith?TheirdreamwastomakeE.U.anewlyemboldenedworldpowersteppinguptocalmtroublespots,usingaidandpersuasionwhereitcould,butpreparedtosendintroopswhenithadto.2)WhydoesthepassagesaythatEuropeisaremarkablygoodplacetolive?BecauseEuropeismorestable,safe,greenandculturallydiversethanmostpartsoftheworldandaqualitylifecanbeguaranteedinE.U.states.3)DoesthegoodlifeathomemakeEuropestrongabroad?Why?No,agoodlifeathomedoesn’tmeanastrongEuropeabroad.BecausetheE.U.mayhaveallthesoft-powercredentialsintheworld,butonthegrandstageithaslackedtheweightandinfluenceofothersonsomebigissues.4)WhatdoCriticsthinkoftheselectionofHermanVanRompuyandCatherineAshtonasEurope'sPresidentandForeignMinister?Theyconsidertheselectionassymbolicofalackofvisionanditmeansthegroupingwillhavetoreconcileitselftofiveyearsofunderperformance.5)WhatcanbelistedasE.U.’sachievementsintheyearsaround1980saccordingtothepassage?Byextendinganareaofpeaceandliberalgovernmenttotheeast,theE.U.hasdonemuchtocalmapartoftheworldthatnotlongagowasthecockpitformurderousrivalries.6)InwhatwaycanEuroperealizeitsowndreamsandthoseofothersaccordingtothepassage?Ithastoactasatruesingleblocandwinotherstoitsside.7)WhydoestheGermangovernmentfaceenormousdomesticchallengesinadmittingitsforcesinAfghanistanaretheretofight,nottobehumanitarianworkersinuniform?BecauseoneofmodernEurope'smostcherishedconvictionsisthattheforceofarmsrarelysettlespoliticaldisputesforlongandEuropeanpublicopinioninthe20thcenturyseemsunwillingtocommittothewarinAfghanistanforthelonghaul.8)WhatrolesdidGermanyplayinEuropeinthe20thcentury?Forthelasthalfofthe20thcentury,GermanywasattheheartoftheEuropeanexperiment.ButsincetheendoftheColdWar,ithassteppedbackfromtheE.U.andbegunstrengtheningtieswithRussia.9WhataretheadvantagesforE.U.tobechosenastheWhiteHouse’spartner?TheadvantagesarethatEuropeisrichanddemocratic,anditsvaluesareclosertothoseoftheU.S.thanthoseofanywhereelse.2.Fillineachblankofthefollowingsentenceswithoneofthephrasesinthelistgivenbelow.Makechangeswhennecessary.1)Chinawilladheretotheprincipleofdevelopinghightechnologyandrealizingindustrializationtostepupthecommercialization,industrializationandinternationalizationofscientificandtechnologicalachievements.2)Intherecentcrisisnobankscouldmanagetobailoutthecompaniesinfinancialpressure.3)IntermsoftheinformationfromtheUniverseheisapatheticandsometimesirritable,heislikeanostrichstickinghisheadinsand.4)ItwillbeuptotheboardtodecideiftheCEOshouldberemoved.5)Allourhopesrestuponthearrivaloftheshipment.6)Theplanhasalreadybeenworkedout,andcouldbeputintooperationatamoment'snotice.7)Thewholemachineryofcivilizationwillbreakdownifthisdoctrinewinsinthewar.8)Hisremarkshithomewhenhesaidthatwedidnotworkenough.9)SomeanalystssuspectedthatToyotahadpulledstringstostifleprobesintoitsautoqualityproblems.10)Mercyisreachingouttothosewhohavenothingtogivebacktoyou.3.MatchthetermsincolumnAwiththeexplanationsincolumnB:A____________________B_____________________________________1)freemarketA)Effectsonthebehaviorofindividualscausedbyobservationoftheactionsofothersandtheirconsequences.32)coalitiongovernmentB)Aneconomicturmoilwherecompaniesgobankrupt,peoplearelaidoff,andmarketsaresluggish.Thereisalotofpanicinbothbusinessanddailylives.93)demonstrationeffectsC)Amarketinwhichthereisnoeconomicinterventionbythestate,excepttoenforceprivatecontractsandtheownershipofproperty.14)healthinsuranceD)Aqualifiedretirementplansetupbyacorporation,laborunion,government,orotherorganizationforitsemployees.6E)Aformofcollectivismbymeansofwhichpeoplecollectivelypooltheirrisk,inthiscasetheriskofincurringmedicalexpenses.45)nationalinterestF)Theabilitytoobtainwhatonewantsthrougheconomicorculturalmeans.Itallowsnationstoexerttheirinfluencewithoutusingmilitarymeansorcoercion.86)pensionschemeG)Afightorcontentionforterritory,power,control,orresourcesbetweentowmorepartiesinaplaceorarea..77)turfwarH)Thingsofgreatimportancetoanation,includingitsgoals,visionsandambitionsinpolitical,economic,culturalfields,etc.andactions,circumstances,anddecisionstoachievethem.58)softpowerI)Acabinetofaparliamentarygovernmentinwhichseveralpartiescooperate.29)economiccrunch4.TranslatethefollowingintoChinese.有什么能讓歐洲振奮起來嗎？當然：如果歐洲領導人能像20年前那樣抓住時機，歐盟就將繁榮昌盛。歐洲人擔心工作不保和儲蓄減少，各國政府和公司無法輕易借款，銀行倒閉，單一貨幣搖搖欲墜，此時，歐盟面臨的不僅僅是經濟危機，還有政治危機。到目前為止，歐洲各國面臨的威脅有所不同。在過去的18個月里，它們常因金融市場表現(xiàn)低迷而飽受爭議或遭到指責，大多在被否定與威嚇中尋求庇護。盡管采取了新一輪的緊縮政策，并且向最脆弱的經濟體啟動了11小時龐大經濟救援，歐洲在世界上的實力似乎已經削弱。不屑一顧地看著歐洲對金融危機束手無策已成為亞洲和美洲的時尚。人們說，歐洲時代已成歷史。日漸衰老而又故步自封的歐洲人已無戰(zhàn)勝逆境的決心。然而病態(tài)的歐洲對誰都沒有益處。即使如此，目前歐盟仍是世界最大經濟體。如果它的經濟運行健康的話，那么最嚴重的全球經濟危機也許早已結束。在政治上，人人都與關乎歐洲命運的宏偉理想息息相關，即敵對國家之間可以進行戰(zhàn)略協(xié)作取得雙贏而非發(fā)動戰(zhàn)爭。在社會上，所有的民主國家最終都必須應對歐洲的難題，即政府和社保體系不斷膨脹，可能阻礙為其提供資金的經濟增長。所以，不要恥笑歐洲的無能為力，全世界都應探詢歐洲能否恢復活力，如果能，該怎樣做。本報的回答不合時宜，但卻積極樂觀。歐洲的失敗并非注定。如果歐盟領導人表現(xiàn)出一點點勇氣，那么，此次危機就能轉化為自20世紀80年代以來經濟繁榮發(fā)展的最好機會。在那個時代，歐洲遭遇了因兩次石油危機而引起的低增長和高失業(yè)。當時被稱為“歐洲硬化癥”，但在杰出而又脾氣暴躁的法國政治家歐共體主席雅克德洛爾的領導下，歐洲于1992年建立了單一市場，并恢復了活力，獲得了新生。這些改革為歐盟進入最具活力的時代打下了堅實的基礎?，F(xiàn)在的政客們從此應該能得到點啟示。在過去的數(shù)十年中，歐洲享有特權的“圈內人”一直阻止歐洲的改革。但德洛爾先生克服重重困難，聯(lián)手主張自由市場的自由派人士和歐洲一體化的倡導者，繼續(xù)了這一改革進程。現(xiàn)在這一危機又為歐洲領袖們提供了繼續(xù)改革聯(lián)盟的機會，又重新聚焦到單一市場上。他們應該抓住這一機會。5.Fillineachofthefollowinggapswithoneofthesentencesgivenbelow:1)Notonlyistheregionlaggingintheglobalrebound,itisalsofacingdauntinglong-termchallenges.2)WhetherornotEuropecanresolvetheseproblemsmatterstoeveryone,whethertheyliveinEuropeornot.3)Neithergoalhasbeenachieved.4)AtstakeistheentireEuropeaneconomicsystemitself.5)Manyfinancialanalystsbelievetheeuromaycontinueitsdescent,perhapstoparitywiththedollar,whichwouldrepresentafurtherdepreciationofnearly20%.SupplementaryReadingEuropestrugglestocontaindebtturmoil1)Portugalgovernmenttookradicalausteritymeasuresinorder_______________.A.toseekhelpfromIMFB.tostrikeinvestorsC.tofendoffthespeculativetradesD.toimprovethegovernment’simage2)ThecountriesthatrefusedtotakefinancialaidfromE.U.are________________.A.SpainandIrelandB.PortugalandSpainC.PortugalandIrelandD.IrelandandGreece3)Thedebt-reducingpackageapprovedbythePortugueseParliamentinclude______.A.receivingmoreinternationalloansB.lowingbondyieldsC.layingoffworkersD.taxhikesandpayandwelfarecuts4)WhydidsomeE.U.membersforcePortugaltoconsiderabailout?_________.A.Becausetheywereafraidthattherecessionwouldthreatenthe16-nationeurocurrency.B.Becausetheywouldliketoseethecountrieswhichweremostinthespotlighttoacceptassistance.C.Becausetheywantedtoavoidasharperdeteriorationinbondmarkets.D.Becausetheywantedtobuytime.5)WhodeniedpressureonPortugaltotakefinancialaidaccordingtothepassage?________.A.theEuropeanCommission,theEuropeanCentralBankandtheGermangovernmentB.theEuropeanCommission,theEuropeanCentralBankandIMFC.theEuropeanCommission,IMFandtheGermangovernmentD.theEuropeanCommission,theEuropeanCentralBankandtheFrenchgovernment6)Howlongdoesportugalhavetotoshowmarketsitisabletobringitsspendingundercontrol?A.Oneyear.B.Sixmonths.C.Sixteenmonths.D.Itdoesn’tmention.7)TheAthensgovernment’stougherreformsfor2011resultedin__________.A.politicalturmoilB.highdebtandlowgrowthC.stocksslumpedacrosstheboardD.publicoutrageandaplannedgeneralstrike.8)Wh