高考英語It的用法(專項總結(jié)及訓(xùn)練)

高考英語It的用法(專項總結(jié)及訓(xùn)練)高考英語It的用法(專項總結(jié)及訓(xùn)練)高考英語It的用法(專項總結(jié)及訓(xùn)練)V:1.0精細整理，僅供參考高考英語It的用法(專項總結(jié)及訓(xùn)練)日期：20xx年X月It的用法（專項總結(jié)及訓(xùn)練）一、人稱代詞

1，it的最基本用法是作代詞，主要指剛提到的事物，以避免重復(fù):①Theywatchedthetrainuntilitdisappearedinthedistance.

2.，也可以指動物或嬰兒(未知性別的嬰兒或孩子):②IsthisyourdogNo,itisn’t.③Theygotababyanditwasaten-pounder

3.，也可指抽象事物或指抽象環(huán)境和情景:③Ihateitwhenpeopletalkwithafullmouth.．

二、.非人稱代詞

有時并不指具體的東西而泛指天氣、時間、日期、距離、價值、度量、溫度、環(huán)境等：

⑴.指天氣：Itisalovelyday,isn’t

it

⑵.指時間:Itwasnearlymidnightwhenshecameback.⑶.指日期:ItisAprilFirsttoday.⑷.指距離:Itissome3000kilometersfromBeijingtoGuangzhou.⑸.指價值:Itisthreedollars.⑹.指溫度:Todayitis30degreescentigrade.三、其他用法

1.在句子的主語不太明確時充當主語，表示誰在做某事：

①WhoisitthereIt'sI(me/you/he.....).

②IthoughtitwasMary,butitwasnotshe.

③Herface

lightedwhenshesawwhoitwas.

2.泛泛的指某件事：(有時泛指一般情況)

①Itdoesn’tmatter.

②Itisashame,isn’t

it？

③Howisitgoing(情況怎樣)

④Itsaysinthenewspaperthat......

用在一些詞組中，it沒有特別的意思

Thelasttrain'sgone.Comeon,we'llfootit.(來，咱們步行吧。)

四、作形式主語，替代主語從句，動詞不定式，或動名詞短語：

1.作形式主語替代主語從句

⑴Itisclear(obvious，true，possible，certain....)that從句常譯為＂┅清楚的（顯然的，真的，可能的,肯定的．．．）＂

Itisveryclearthathe’sroundandtalllikeatree.=That

he’sroundandtalllikeatreeisveryclear.

⑵Itisimportant(necessary，right，strange，natural...)that從句常譯為┅是重要的(必要的,對的,奇怪的,自然的┅).that后的從句中要用虛擬語氣（should+動詞原形），should可以省去，建議記住該句型中的形容詞。

①Itisimportantthatwe(should)learnEnglishwell.

②Itisnecessarythathe(should)rememberthesewords.

⑶Itissaid(reported/learned/believed/thought/known/told/hoped.....)that從句常譯為＂據(jù)說（據(jù)報道，據(jù)悉．．．）＂。

①ItissaidthathehascometoBeijing.

②Itisreportedthatanotherearthsatellitehasbeenputintoorbit.

⑷Itissuggested(advised/ordered/demanded/insisted/commanded...)that從句.that后的從句要用虛擬語氣（should+動詞原形），should可以??；常譯為＂據(jù)建議；有命令．．．）

①Itissuggestedthatthemeeting(should)beputoff.

②Itwasorderedthatwe(should)arrivethereintwohours.⑸Itistime(abouttime，hightime)that從句(虛擬語氣:動詞用過去時did)Itistimethatchildrenwenttobed.Itistimeyouboughtanewcar.Itis(high)timeyoumadeupyourmind.⑹Itisthefirst(second...)timethat從句(從句用現(xiàn)在完成時havedone)Itwasthefirst(second...)timethat從句(從句用過去完成時haddone)常譯為＂是第一（二）．．．次．．．＂。

ItisthefirsttimeIhavebeenhere.=ThisisthefirsttimeIhavebeenhere⑺Itisapity(ashame/anhonour/agoodthing/afact,/asurprise/...)that從句.that后的從句一般用虛擬語氣（should+動詞原形），should可省去．表示出乎意料，常譯為＂竟然＂。沒有這種意義時，則不用虛擬語氣。

①Itisapitythatsuchathing(should)happeninyourclass.這種事竟然發(fā)生在你們班上，真是遺憾！

②Itisapitythatheisill.他生病了，真遺憾！⑻Ithappens(seems，looks，appears)that從句.常譯為“碰巧…,似乎是…,看起來…”①Ithappened(sohappened)thathemethisteacherinthestreet.碰巧．．.

②Itseemsthathewillbebackinafewdays.看來．．．

2.作形式主語替代不定式

.⑴Itiskind(ofsb.)todosth.不定式的邏輯主語是由of引起，主句中的形容詞必須是能表示邏輯主語特征的褒義或貶義形容詞。常見的詞有：bad，brave，careless，clever，cruel，foolish，good（好心的），honest，horrible，kind，lazy，modest，naughty，nice（有教養(yǎng)的），polite，rude，silly，stupid，wise，wrong（錯誤的）等。這個句型可以改寫為：sb.iskindtodosth.。

如:Itiskindofyoutosayso.=Youarekindtosayso.⑵Itisnecessary(forsb.)todosth..不定式的邏輯主語是由for引起，主句中的形容詞通常是表示重要性，緊迫性，頻繁程度，難易，安全等情況的中性形容詞。常見的形容詞有：important，necessary，naturaleasy，safe，common，normal，hard，difficult，dangerous，unusual，rare，impossible，pleasant如:Itisimportantforhertocometotheparty.=Itisimportantthatshe(should)cometotheparty.

⑶Ittakessb....todosth.常譯為＂做．．．要花費某人．．．＂。

如:IttookthousandsofpeoplemanyyearstobuildtheGreatWall.3.作形式主語替代動名詞短語

Itisnogood/nouse/uselessdoingsth.常譯為“┅有好處或沒有用”

①ItisnogoodlearningEnglishwithoutspeakingEnglish.

②It'suselesstryingtoarguewithShylock.

五、作形式賓語，代替不定式，動名詞短語或賓語從句。

Wethinkitimportanttolearnaforeignlanguage.該句型中的it作形式賓語，該結(jié)構(gòu)中常用的動詞有：think,believe,make,findconsider,feel；如:Wethinkitourdutytocleanourclassroomeveryday.

HefeltitimportantlearningEnglishwell.Theyfounditdifficultthattheywouldfinishtheirworkintwodays.

TheInternetmakesiteasierforcompaniestokeepintouchwithcustomers.

六、.it的重要句型

1.強調(diào)句型:Itis/was

+被強調(diào)部分+that從句(被強調(diào)的主語如果是人，that可以由who換用)①Itwasabout600yearsagothatthefirstclockwithafaceandanhourhandwasmade.

②Itwastheythat(who)cleanedtheclassroomyesterday.③ItwasinthestreetthatImetherfather.

④ItwasyesterdaythatImetherinthestreet.

⑤Itisyouthat/whoarewrong.特例:Itisnotuntil+被強調(diào)部分+that...該句型也是強調(diào)句型。主要用于強凋時間狀語，譯成漢語＂直到．．．才．．．＂，可以說是not...until...的強調(diào)形式。

ItwasnotuntilshetookoffherdarkglassesthatIrealizedshewasafamousfilmstar.=NotuntilshetookoffherdarkglassesdidIrealizeshewasafamousfilmstar.=Ididn’trealizeshewasafamousfilmstaruntilshetookoffherdarkglasses.

Choosethebestanswer

took

us

over

an

hour

_______

along

the

street.

walk

think

it

a

great

honour

_______to

visit

your

country.

invite

invited

be

invited

people

now

make

_______a

rule

to

buy

cards

for

their

friends

before

Christmas.

4._______is

very

clear

to

everyone

that

he's

round

and

tall

like

a

tree.

the

United

States,

bus

travel

doesn't

cost

much

as

train

travel,

_______？

't

they

it

they

't

it

is

at

the

door,

who

is

_______？

7.—It

is

raining

cats

and

dogs.

—_______

.

it

is

is

it

it

is

is

it

8.—My

home

is

in

that

tall

building

over

there.

—_______

？

it

see

see

it

be

seen

it

it

be

seen

9.

_______

raining

hard

for

3

hours

without

stopping.

is

was

has

been

had

been

10.—Has

the

boy

got

his

bicycle

now？

—Yes,

the

police

gave

_______.

to

him

to

it

to

him

to

it

's

no

use

_____over

spilt

milk.

you

cry

you

to

cry

is

important

_______

their

offer.

reject

_______been

decided

when

we

are

to

hold

the

sports-meeting？

14.—Did

Li

Lei

call

me

while

I

was

out？

—Yes,

it

was

_______

that

called

you.

is

wrong

with

the

radio

_______？

't

it

that

it

't

that

don't

know

_______makes

her

afraid

of

having

her

business

discussed.

it

is

about

Mary

that

is

it

abut

Mary

what

is

it

about

Mary

that

is

about

Mary

what

17..It

was

withgreat

joy

_______he

received

the

news

that

his

long

lost

son

would

return

home

don't

think

_____difficult

for

a

Chinese

student

to

master

a

foreign

language

within

five

years

's

the

second

time

you

_______late

this

week.

arrived

arrived

will

not

be_______we

meet

again.

before

long

after

after

's

demanded

that

we

_______there

on

foot.

to

go

't

go

go

't

go

22.“It”

is

often

used

to

_______a

baby.

to

to

to

to

was

not

until

1936

_______basketball

became

a

regular

part

of

the

Olympic

Games.

24._______you

met

the

Englishman？

it

was

that

it

was

that

was

it

that

was

that

she

has

gone

to

the

United

States？

it

true

it

true

is

true

was

true

26._______certain

that

his

invention

will

lead

to

the

development

of

production.

's

is

's

's

27._______in

1914

_______the

First

World

War

broke

out？

that,

that

that,

when

it.

that

it,

when

is

important

that

she

_______with

Mr

Williams

immediately.

speak

speak

there′s

another

good

harvest

this

year.

says

is

said

was

said

was

said

is

the

first

time

_______the

play.

've

watched

'll

watch

watch

would

watch

參考答案

B

15C

一、it作人稱代詞的用法1.指事物作為人稱代詞，it可以除人以外的一切事物或動物。如：Idroppedmywatchanditbroke.我把手表掉在地上摔壞了。It’shardwork,butIenjoyit.工作很辛苦，可是我樂意干?！癢hereisthedog”“It’sinthebedroom.”“狗在哪”“在臥室里”。2.指人it指人主要用于指不性別不明的嬰兒或用于確認某人的身份。如：Isitaboyoragirl是男孩還是女孩Thereisaknockonthedoor.Itmustbethepostman.有人在敲門，一定是郵遞員?！菊f明】在答語中，常用來指本人，如說It’sme。3.代替某些代詞代詞it還可用于代替指示代詞this,that以及復(fù)合不定代詞something,anything,nothing等。如：“What’sthis”“It’sanewmachine.”“這是什么”“是一種新機器”。Nothingiswrong,isit沒出什么問題，是嗎

二、it作非人稱代詞的用法1.基本用法it作非人稱代詞的用法，主要用于指時間、距離、價值、天氣、氣候及溫度等自然現(xiàn)象。如：It’stoolatetogotherenow.現(xiàn)在去那兒已經(jīng)太遲了。Itrainedalldayyesterday.昨天下了一天的雨。Itcangetveryhothere.這里有時會很熱。2.用于某些句型It’stimeforsth.該做某事了。It’stimetodosth.該做某事的時候了。It’stimeforsbtodosth.某人該干某事了。It’s(about/high)time+that-從句.某人該做某事了。(從句謂語用過去式，有時也用“should+動詞原形”)It’sfirst(second)time+that-從句.某人第幾次干某事。(從句謂語用現(xiàn)在完成時)It’s+時間段+since-從句.自從……有一段時間了。It’s+時間段+before-從句.過多長的時間才……

三、it用作形式主語1.基本用法當不定式、動名詞、從句等復(fù)雜成分用作句子主語時，為保持句子平衡，通常把真正的主語放在句末，而在句首使用形式主語it。如：It’sveryimportanttorememberthis.記住這一點很重要。It’shardworkclimbingmountains.爬山是費勁的事。It’sunknownwhenhewillcome.他什么時候來還不知道。2.用作形式主語的的重要句型(1)It+be+adj.for(of)sbtodosth某人做某事……Itishardforhimtomakeuphismind.他很難下定決心。Itwasfoolishofhertosaysuchathing.她說那樣的話，真是太蠢了。【說明】介詞of與for的區(qū)別是：of用于指某人的性格、屬性、特征等，介詞for表示對象，意為“對……來說”(from。(2)Ittakessb+時間段+todosth.某人做某事花了……時間Ittakesyearstomasteranewlanguage.要花多年的時間才能掌握一門新的語言?！菊f明】此句型可以有以下多變種變體：Ittookmeanhourtowritetheletter.=Thelettertookmeanhour(towrite).=Itookanhourtowritetheletter.我寫這封信花了一個小時。3)Itisuptosbtodosth.該由某人做某事It’suptoyoutotomakethechoice.得由你來作選擇。(4)itlook(seem,appear,happen,occur)that[asif]…似乎……Itseemedasthoughhedidn’trecognizeme.他似乎沒認出我來。IthappenedthatIwasoutwhenhecalled.他打電話時我碰巧不在家。(5)Ifitwerenotfor…/Ifithadn’tbeenfor…若不是因為……Ifitwerenotfortheirhelp,wecouldn’thavegotoverthedifficulties.要不是他們幫助，這些困難我們不克服不了的。

四、it用作形式賓語1.基本用法當不定式、動名詞、從句等復(fù)雜成分用作賓語且其后跟有賓語補足語時，通常會在賓語補足語前使用形式賓語，而將真正的賓語移至句末。其基本結(jié)構(gòu)為“動詞+it+賓語補足語+不定式(動名詞或從句)”。如：Ifinditdifficulttodothejobwell.我發(fā)現(xiàn)做好這件事不容易。Ithinkitbestthatyoushouldstayhere.我認為你最好住這兒。Wethinkitnousecomplaining.我們認為抱怨是沒有用的。2.用作形式賓語的幾個特殊結(jié)構(gòu)(1)動詞+it+that-從句。如：Ilikeitthatyoucame.你來了，我很高興。Itakeit(that)hewillcomeontime.我認為他會準時來的。Youcanputitthatitwasarrangedbefore.你可以說這是以前安排的。Rumorhasitthatthedefenceministerwillsoonresign.據(jù)傳聞，國防部長不久就要辭職。【說明】能用于此結(jié)構(gòu)的動詞不多，常見的有have,take,put,like等。(2)動詞+it+when(if)-從句。如：Idislikeitwhenyouwhistle.我不愛聽你吹口哨。(fromreallyappreciateitwhensheofferedtohelp.她來幫忙了，我們十分感激。I’dpreferitifIdidn’thavetodosomuchwork.要是我不必做那么多工作，好就太好了?！菊f明】能用于此結(jié)構(gòu)的動詞不多，常見的有enjoy,hate,love,like,dislike,appreciate,prefer等。(3)動詞+prep+it+that-從句。如：Seetoitthatyou’renotlateagain.注意千萬不要再遲到。Looktoitthatthisdoesn’thappenagain.注意不要再發(fā)生這種事。Youmayrelyonitthathe’llcometomeetyou.你放心，他會來接你的。Ican’tanswerforitthathewillcome.我不能保證他會來。(from【說明】能用于此結(jié)構(gòu)的動詞不多，常見的有seeto,lookto,insiston,stickto,dependon,answerfor等。(4)動詞+it+介詞短語+that-從句。如：IoweittoyouthatIamstillalive.多虧有你我才仍然活著。Itookitforgrantedthathewouldhelpus.我認為他會幫助我們的?！菊f明】能用于此結(jié)構(gòu)的動詞不多，常見的有takeitforgranted,bringittosb’sattention,oweittosb等。高考語法It用法小結(jié)來源：天星更新日期：2007-11-11點擊：9107It用法小結(jié)雖不是高考的熱點，但這兩年全國各省市試題經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)。我們不能疏忽。下面是用法20條。并通過高考試題進行鞏固：

is+被強調(diào)部分+that該句型是強調(diào)句型，將被強調(diào)的放在前面，其他部分置于之后，強調(diào)的主語如果是人，可以用來替換，如果把這種句型結(jié)構(gòu)劃掉后，應(yīng)該是一個完整無缺的句子，這也是判斷強調(diào)句型與其他從句的方法。Itwastheythat(who)cleanedtheclassroomyesterday.ItwasinthestreetthatImetherfather.Itwaswithgreatjoy___hereceivedthenewsthathislostdaughterhadbeenfound.(2004福建)A.because

B.which

C.since

D.that

(D)2.Itisnotuntil+被強調(diào)的部分+that該句型譯成漢語“直到……才”，可以說是的強調(diào)形式。ItwasnotuntilshetookoffherdarkglassesthatIrealizedshewasafilmstar.=NotuntilshetookoffherdarkglassesdidIrealizeshewasafilmstar.=Ididn’trealizeshewasafamousfilmstaruntilshetookoffherdarkglasses.Itwas___backhomeaftertheexperiment.(2004

湖北)A.notuntilmidnightdidhego

B.untilmidnightthathedidn’tgoC.notuntilmidnightthathewent

D.untilmidnightwhenhedidn’tgo(C)3.Itisclear(obvious,true,possible,certain)that….該句型中it是形式主語，真正的主語是that引導(dǎo)的主語從句，常譯為“清楚（顯然、真的、肯定）”是主語從句最常見的結(jié)構(gòu)。Itisveryclearthathe’sroundandtalllikeatree.=Thathe’sroundandtalllikeatreeisveryclear.4.Itisimportant(necessary,right,strange,natural…)that…該句型和上一句同屬一個句型。由于主句中的形容詞不同，that后的從句中要用虛擬語氣（should+動詞原形）should可以省去。建議記住該句型中的形容詞。Itisimportantthatwe(should)learnEnglishwell.Itisnecessarythathe(should)rememberthesewords.5.Itissaid(reported,learned…)that…該句型中的it仍是形式主語，真正的主語是that引導(dǎo)的主語從句。該結(jié)構(gòu)常譯為“據(jù)說（據(jù)報道，據(jù)悉……）ItissaidthathehascometoBeijing.Itisreportedthatanotherearthsatellitehasbeenputintoorbit.6.Itissuggested(ordered…)that…該句型和上一句屬一個句型。主句中的過去分詞是表示請求、建議、命令等詞時，that后的從句要用虛擬語氣（should+動詞原形）?？梢允÷?，常譯為“據(jù)建議；有命令……”Itissuggestedthatthemeeting(should)beputoff.Itwasorderedthatwe(should)arrivethereintwohours.7.Itisapity(ashame…)that…在該句型中，that后的從句一般用虛擬語氣（should+動詞原形），should可以省去，表示出乎意料，常譯為“竟然”。沒有這種意義時，則不用虛擬語氣。Itisapitythatsuchathing(should)happeninyourclass.這種事竟然發(fā)生在你們班上，真是遺憾。Itisapitythatheisill.他生病了，真遺憾！8.Itistime(abouttime,hightime)that…該句型中that后的從句應(yīng)該用虛擬語氣，值得注意的是：常用過去時態(tài)表示虛擬，有時也用should+動詞原形，should不能省。常譯為“是（正是）……的時候……”Itistimethatchildrenshouldgotobed.=Itistimethatchildrenwenttobed.9.Itisthefirst(second,…)timethat…該句型應(yīng)和上一個句型區(qū)別開來。該句型中不用虛擬語氣，而用完成時態(tài)。至于用哪種完成時態(tài)，由主句的謂語動詞的時態(tài)來決定。如果是一般現(xiàn)在時，從句用現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)；如果是一般過去時，從句則用過去完成時態(tài)。該結(jié)構(gòu)中that可以省去；it有時用this替換，常譯為“是第一（二,…）次…”。10.Itis…since…該句型主要用作處理瞬間動詞的完成時，要和表示一段時間的時間狀語連用。主句中是時間作表語，其時態(tài)是現(xiàn)在時和完成時，引導(dǎo)的從句通常是一般過去時態(tài)，而且是瞬間動詞。如果主句是一般過去時，從句則用過去完成時。Itis(hasbeen)5yearssincehisfatherdied.Itisalmostfiveyears___wesaweachotherlasttime.(2005北京)

A.beforeB.sinceC.afterD.when(B)11.Itis…when…該句型中的when引導(dǎo)的是一個時間狀語從句，主句中的it指時間，表語由具體的時間充當。常譯為“當……的時候，是……”Itwas5o’clockwhenhecamehere.12.Itbe…before…該句型主句中的it指時間，主句中的時態(tài)常是一般將來時或過去時兩種時態(tài)，主句中的表語多是long,notlong,3days,2weeks等表示時間段的詞和短語。常譯為“…之后才”，“沒過……就……”Itwas3daysbeforehewenttoBeijing.Itwillnotbelongbeforehefinisheshisjob.13.Ithappens(seems,looks,appears)that…該句型中的it是形式主語，that引導(dǎo)的是主語從句，主句中的happen,seem等詞是不及物動詞。Ithappened(sohappened)thathemethisteacherinthestreet.

(碰巧……)Itseemsthathewillbebackinafewdays.

(看來……)TheForeignMinistersaid,“___ourhopethatthetwosideswillworktowardspeace.”(2004北京)

A.Thisis

B.Thereis

C.Thatis

D.Itis

(D)14.Ittakessb…todosth.該句型中的不定式是真正的主語，是形式主語，句型中的直接賓語是時間。常譯為“做……要花費某人……”IttookthousandsofpeoplemanyyearstobuildtheGreatWall.15．Itisnogood(use)doingsth.該句型中的真正主語是動名詞短語，主句中的表語可以是nogood(notanygood),nouse(notanyuse).ItisnogoodlearningEnglishwithoutspeakingEnglish.16.Itdoesn’tmatterwhether…該句型中的引導(dǎo)的從句是真正的主語，該句型譯為“不論（是否）……沒關(guān)系……Itdoesn’tmatterwhethertheyareold.17．Itiskind(ofsb)todosth.該句型中的不定式短語是真正主語，如果不定式的邏輯主語是由of引出，主句中的形容詞必須是能表示邏輯主語的形容詞。常見的有：bad,brave,careless,clever,cruel,foolishgood(好心的),honest,horrible,kind,lazy,modest,naughty,nice(有教養(yǎng)的),polite,rude,silly,stupid,wise,wrong等。這個句型可以改寫為kindtodosth.Itiskindofyoutostayso=Youarekindtosayso.18.Itisnecessary(forsb)todosth該句型與上一句統(tǒng)屬一個句型。如果不定式的邏輯主語是由for引出的，主句的形容詞通常是表示重要性，緊迫性，頻繁程度，難易，安全等情況的形容詞。常見的形容詞有：Important,necessary,natural,easy,safe,common,,normal,hard,difficult,dangerous,unusual,grape,impossible,pleasant.等。Itisimportantforhertocometotheparty.=Itisimportantthatshe(should)cometotheparty.19.Itlooks(seems)asif…該句型中it無意義。Asif引導(dǎo)一個狀語從句，常譯為：“看起來好像……”如果與事實不相符合，則用虛擬語氣。Itlooksasifheisill.（真的病了）Itlooksasifhewasill.（事實上沒有生?。㊣tseemedasifhewasdying.20.Wethinkitimportanttolearnaforeignlanguage.該句型中的it作形式賓語。為了記憶方便我們可稱該句型為“7123結(jié)構(gòu)”7指主句中的常用的動詞：think,believe,make,find,consider,feel,take.1指的是形式賓語it.2指的是賓補的兩種形式：形容詞和名詞3指的是真正賓語的三種形式：不定式短語，動名詞短語或that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。Wethinkitourdutytocleanourclassroomeveryday.

XiaoLifeltitimportantlearningEnglishwell.Theyfounditdifficultthattheywouldfinishtheirworkintwodays.-Doyoulike____here-Oh,yes.Theair,theweather,thewayoflife.Everythingissonice.(2004全國卷二)A.thisB.theseC.thatD.it

(D)分析：it作形式賓語高考預(yù)測：1．______thattherewillbeanothergoodharvestthisautumn.A.Heissaid

B.ItissaidC.Itsays

D.ItwassaidshewasfreeonMondaymorning,A.Thathappened

B.ItishappenedthatC.Ithappenedto

D.Ithappenedthatyearssincehejoinedthearmy.A.Thatis

B.Itis

C.Thisis

D.Itwas4.________isgood___youtohavetakengoodcareofyourclassmates.A.This;to

B.It;for

C.That;it

D.It;of5.Whatalongway____________!A.itis

Bisit

C.isthat

D.Thisis6.Does______matterifIamlateforthemeetingtomorrowA.this

B.it

C.that

D.which7.________makesmesicktothinkofthematter.A.That

BIt

C.This

D.Which8.Theparentswillneverforgetthat_____thedoctor__hadsavedtheirchild’slife.A.Itis;that

B.Itwas;thatc.Thatis;when

D.Itwas;when

halfpastten______wegottothestation.A.Itis;that

B.Itwas;that

C.Thatis;when

D.Itwas;when10.Weconsider___ourdutyhelpinghim.A.it

B.that

C.which

D.that答案:1-5BDBDA

6-10

BBBDA

1.Everyoneknowsthat_______isdangeroustoplaywithfire,but_______isdifficultistopreventchildrenfromplayingwithfire.

A.it,it

B.what,what

C.it,what

D.what,it

【陷阱】很容易誤選B，認為兩空均考查形式主語。

【分析】最佳答案是D，第一空填形式主語，真正的主語是其后的不定式toplaywithfire。第二空填what，whatisdifficult是主語從句，注意whatisdifficult后的謂語動詞is。請做以下類似試題：

(1)Iknow______isimportanttoknowmyownlimitations,but_______isdifficultistohelpotherstoknowtheirownlimitations.

A.it,it

B.what,what

C.it,what

D.what,it

(2)Yes,______isdifficulttofindajobnowadays,but_____ismoredifficultistrytofindsuchajobwithahighsalarybutlittlethingstodo.

A.it,it

B.what,what

C.it,what

D.what,it

2.Idislike_______whenotherslaughatmeinpublicorthinkpoorlyofmebehind.

A.that

B.those

C.it

D.them

【陷阱】幾個干擾項均有可能誤選。

【分析】最佳答案是C，因為在通常情況下，like是及物動詞，其后應(yīng)有賓語(句中it即為其賓語)。句中的when從句不是賓語從句，而是時間狀語從句，其中的when的意思是“當……的時候”。其實，也有的詞典將Idon’tlikeitwhen(if)…作為一個句型來處理。能這樣用的動詞不多，主要的有enjoy,like,dislike,love,hate,prefer,appreciate等表示喜好的動詞。

Shewon’tlikeitifyouarrivelate.她不喜歡你遲到。

Hehatesitwhenpeopleusehisbike.他討厭別人用他的自行車。

請做以下類似試題(答案均選it)：

(1)Ihate_______ifpeoplesaysuchthingsinpublic.

A.that

B.those

C.it

D.them

(2)I’dprefer_______ifIdidn’thavetogetupearlyonSundays.

A.that

B.such

C.it

D.which

(3)Iwouldappreciate_______verymuchifyoucouldgivemesomesuggestions.

A.this

B.that

C.it

D.you

3.I’venoidea.Ijustpretendednobodywasathome,soIdidn’taskwho_______was.

A.he

B.that

C.she

D.it

【陷阱】容易誤選A或C。

【分析】最佳答案是D。it用以指身份不明的人。若指身份明確的人，則不宜用it。比較：

(1)MrSmithisatthedoor._______wantstoseeyou.

(2)Someoneisatthedoor.________mustbeMrSmith.

A.He

B.It

C.This

D.That

第(1)題選A，因為來者身份明確；第(2)選B，因為來者身份不明確。

4.“Excuseme,Iwanttohavemywatchfixed,butIcan’tfindarepairshop.”“Iknow________nearby.Comeon,I’llshowyou.”

A.one

B.it

C.some

D.that

【陷阱】容易誤選B。

【分析】最佳答案是A。it和one的區(qū)別可簡單地概括為：it=the+名詞，one=a+名詞。如：

Ihaven’tgotanypens,andIwanttoborrowone.我沒有鋼筆，我想借一支。(one=apen)

Ihavetwopens,andIcanlendonetoyou.我有兩本支鋼筆，我可以借一支。(one=apen)

Ihaveapen,andIcanlendittoyou.我有一本鋼筆，我可以把它借給你。(it=thepen)

在上面一題中，one相當于one相當于arepairshop。請做下面一題（答案選A）：

ThereisonlyoneEnglish-Chinesedictionaryinthatbook-shop.Iwonderifyoustillwanttobuy_______.

A.it

B.one

C.another

D.any

5.Willyouseeto_______thatmychildrenaretakengoodcareofwhileIamaway？

A.it

B.me

C.yourself

D.them

【陷阱】幾個干擾項均有可能誤選。

【分析】最佳答案是A。it為形式賓語，真正的賓語是空格后that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。seeto意為“負責(zé)”、“注意”，其中的to為介詞，不宜直接跟that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，遇此情況可借助代詞it。請做下面兩題，答案也是選it：

(1)I’llseeto_______thatalltheseletterswillbesenttothepostbeforetwelve.

A.it

B.me

C.which

D.them

(2)Willyouseeto_______thattheluggageisbroughtbackassoonaspossible？

A.me

B.yourself

C.it

D.them

類似以上seeto用法的短語還有dependon,answerfor等。如下面兩題答案也選it：

(1)Youmaydependon_______thathewillturnupintime.

A.it

B.me

C.which

D.them

(2)Ican’tanswerfor________thattheboyishonest.

A.it

B.me

C.which

D.them◆精編陷阱題訓(xùn)練◆

1.Whyshouldn’tIbuyanewcoat—Ihaven’tbought_____forfiveyears.

A.it

B.that

C.one

D.which

2.Hemade_____knowntohisfriendsthathedidn’twanttoenterpolitics.

A.that

B.it

C.himself

D.him

3.Itusedtobethought_____theEarthwasflat.

A.as

B.when

C.since

D.that

4.TheParkersboughtanewhousebut______willneedalotofworkbeforetheycanmovein.

A.they

B.it

C.one

D.which

5._______iswellknown_______HongKongreturnedtoChinaonJuly1st,1997.

A.It,that

B.As,/

C.As,as

D.It,which

6.—Idon’tknowwhetherIshouldgoabroadornot,Mum.

—Ileave_______toyourownjudgmentwhetheryoushoulddoit.

A.that

B.it

C.this

D.what

7.Does________matterifhecan’tfinishthejobontime？

A.this

B.that

C.he

D.it

8.Theyaregoodfriends._______isnowonderthattheyknoweachothersowell.

A.This

B.That

C.There

D.It

9.Theyliveonabusymainroad.______mustbeverynoisy.

A.There

B.It

C.That

D.They

10.Whydon’tyoubring______tohisattentionthatyouaretoobusytodoit

A.this

B.what

C.that

D.it

11.“Lookatthatladyonthestage.She’salreadyforty.”“Youarejoking.Shedoesn’tlook________.”

A.so

B.it

C.that

D.this

13._______wasknowntothemallthatWilliamhadbrokenhispromise______hewouldgiveeachofthemagift.

A.As;Which

B.What;that

C.It;that

D.It;which

14.Inthewest,peoplemake_______aruletosendChristmaspresenttotheirrelativesandfriends.

A.this

B.that

C.it

D.thefollowing

【答案與解析】

1.選C。one指acoat。比較：it=the+名詞，one=a+名詞，換句話說，it是特指的，而one則是泛指的。

2.選B。it為形式賓語，真正的賓語是thathedidn’twanttoenterpolitics。

3.選D。it為形式主語，此句為PeopleusedtothinkthattheEarthwasflat的被動語態(tài)形式。

4.選B。it指前面提到的newhouse。注意不能選D，因為其前有并列連詞but。

5.選A。it為形式主語，其后的that從句為主語從句。比較下面一題，答案選B：

_______iswellknown,_______HongKongreturnedtoChinaonJuly1st,1997.

A.It,that

B.As,/

C.As,as

D.It,which

6.選B。it為形式賓語，真正的賓語是whetheryoushoulddoit.

7.選D。itdoesn’tmatterif…,doesitmatterif…等為英語常用表達。

8.選D。it’snowonderthat…意為“難怪……”、“……不足為怪”，為英語固定表達，其中的it’s也可省略，即只說Nowonderthat…。如：

Nowonder(that)hedidn’twanttogo.難怪他不想去。

9.選B。it指環(huán)境。

10.選D。it為形式賓語，真正的賓語是thatyouaretoobusytodoit.

12.選B。it指herage。lookone’sage為習(xí)語，意為“容貌與年齡相稱”。

13.選C。第一空填it，為形式主語；第二空填that，用以引導(dǎo)一個同位語從句，修飾promise。

14.選C。it為形式賓語，真正的賓語是其后的不定式tosendChristmaspresenttotheirrelativesandfriends。It的用法1.概述“it”在英語語法中屬人稱代詞，意思是“它”，用來指人以外的一切生物和事物。它的用法不僅不簡單，而且很復(fù)雜。它可以用于指人以外的一切生物、無生命的東西和事情，用于指代人，用于指時間、距離和自然現(xiàn)象等。另外，它也可以用作形式主語，用作形式賓語，強調(diào)句型中等。2.it的用法1）用于指人以外的一切生物、無生命的東西和事情，為單數(shù)形式，譯為“它”。一般指說話者心目中已經(jīng)了解或所指的生物、無生命的東西或事情、沒有性別的區(qū)分；可以是可數(shù)名詞，也可以是不可數(shù)名詞，在句子中既可作主語，也可以作賓語。①指動物和植物。如：Itlookslikeadog?。ㄋ瓷先ハ裰还罚。￤here'steagrownIt'sgrowninthesoutheastofChina．（什么地方種植茶中國東南部種植茶。）②指代一些無生命的東西。如：Isityourbook（這是你的書嗎）Lookattherain！It'sheavy，isn'tit（看這雨！雨很大，對嗎）③代替上文提到過的整個事情。如：Youmustn'tplayontheroad．It'sdangerous．（你不能在公路上玩。這太危險了?。㊣twashardwork，buttheyreallyenjoyedit．（摘蘋果是艱苦活，可他們都樂意去干（它）。）2）用于指代人。①指代說話者心目中不太清楚的那個人，常在打電話或敲門時用。如：―Whowasit（是誰（打來的電話））―WasitSusan（（打電話的）是蘇珊嗎）―Yes，itwas．（是的，我是。）―Whoisknockingatthedoor（誰在敲門）―It'sme．（是我。）②指說話者心目中的那個人。如：―Isityoursister，Kate（（那舊照片上的baby）是你姐姐凱特吧）―No?。ú皇恰＃┄DIknow―it'syou?。ㄎ抑懒?，（那）是你。）③指代性別不詳?shù)膵胗變夯蛟诓挥嬢^性別時，也可用it來指人。如Thechildsmiledwhenitsawitsmother．（這小孩一見到母親就笑了。）Idon'tknowwhoitis．（我不知道他是誰。）注意：看到這樣的句子（或聽到這樣的話）時，要想一想，不要一看到it就把它譯成“它”。）④在回答用指示代詞表示人的特殊問句時，常用it指人。如：―Who'sthat（那人是誰）―IsitKate（是凱特嗎）―Yes，Ithinkyou'reright．It'sKate．（是的，我想你說對了，是凱特。）3）用于指時間、距離和天氣等。①表示時間。如：―Whattimeisit（幾點鐘）―It'steno’clock．（十點鐘。）It'ssummerinAustralianow．（現(xiàn)在澳大利亞是夏天。）特別注意it用于表示時間時還常見于以下兩個句型中：（1）It'stime（forsb．）todosth．／It'stimeforsth．譯為“是（某人）該干……的時間了”、“到……的時候了”。如：Ithinkit'stimeforustostartthelessonnow．（我想現(xiàn)在是我們開始上課的時候了。）（2）Itis／hasbeen＋時間段＋since＋一般過去時。譯為“自從……以來已過了……（時間）”。此結(jié)構(gòu)可以與另一種句型進行同義句轉(zhuǎn)換。如：It'sthreeyearssincehecamehere．＝Ithasbeenthreeyearssincehecamehere．＝Hehasbeenhereforthreeyears．（他到這里已經(jīng)三年了。）②表示距離。如：It'shalfanhour'swalkfrommyhometotheschool．（從我家到學(xué)校步行得花半小時時間。）―Where'sthefarm，LiLeiIsitfar（李雷，農(nóng)場在哪里遠嗎）―No，it'squitenear．（不遠，很近。）③表示天氣。如：It’sgoingtosnow.（天要下雪了。）It’sgettingwarm.（天漸漸暖和起來。）4）it用作形式主語替代作主語的從句、動詞不定式、動名詞，而把真正作主語的從句、動詞不定式、動名詞置于句尾。①代作主語的動詞不定式，其句型為：（1）Itbeadj.（forsb.）todosth.此處adj.通常為描述事件的形容詞：easy，difficult，hard，necessary，unnecessary，possible，impossible，likely，unlikely，right等。例如：ItisdifficulttolearnChinese.（漢語很難學(xué)。）2）Itbeadj.ofsb.todosth.此處adj.通常為描述人的形容詞：kind，unkind，nice，rude，cruel，considerate，thoughtful，thoughtless，careful。等。例如：Itisverykindofy