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PerfectPronounciation完美的發(fā)音InternationalPhoneticAlphabet國際音標(biāo)英語國際音標(biāo)表(48個)元音(20個)單元音

長元音

/i:/

/?:/

/u:/

/?:/

/ɑ:/

短元音

/?/

/?/

/?/

/?/

/

?/

/e/

/?/

雙元音

合口雙元音

/e?/

/a?/

/??/

/??/

/a?/集中雙元音

/??/

/e?/

/??/

輔音(28個)輕輔音

/p/

/

t/

/

k/

/f/

/θ/

/s/

濁輔音

/b/

/d/

/g/

/v/

/e/

/z/

輕輔音/ts/

/?/

/t?/

/tr/

/

h/

濁輔音/dz/

/?/

/d?/

/dr/

/r/鼻音

/m/

/n/

/?/

半元音

/w//j/

邊音/?/

英語元音

(Englishvowels)

英語元音音素共20個。分單元音和雙元音兩大類。a.前元音:/i:/,/i/,/e/,/?/b.后元音:/ɑ:/,/?/,/?:/,/u/,/u:/,/Λ/c.中元音:/?:/,/?/a.

合口雙元音:/ei/,/?u/,/ai/,/au/,/?

i/b.集中雙元音:/i?/,/ε?/,/u?/單元音的分類雙元音的分類a.爆破音/p/,/b/,/t/,/d/,/k/,/ɡ/b.摩擦音/f/,/v/,/θ/,/e/,/s/,/z/,//,//,/h/,/r/c.破擦音/t∫/,/d?/,/tr/,/dr/,/ts/,/dz/d.鼻音/m/,/n/,/?/e.旁流音(舌側(cè)音)/l/f.半元音/w/,/j/

英語輔音

(Englishconsonants)(共28個)單元音12個

1./i:/

/i/

/i:/長元音,嘴角向兩邊張開,口形扁平,舌尖抵下齒,舌前部抬高,流露出微笑表情,與E發(fā)音相同。eg:pea(豌豆),bee(蜜蜂),eat(吃),beat(敲打),deep(深的)/i/短元音,嘴唇微微張開,舌尖抵下齒,舌前部抬高,口形扁平,干脆利落。eg:bit(少量),tip(頂端),fit(合適的),sit(使坐)2./e//?//e/短元音,張口程度比/i/音大,上下齒之間可容納一個食指尖,舌尖抵下齒,舌前部稍抬起。eg:egg(雞蛋),get(到達(dá)),send(送)/?/短元音,嘴張大,舌尖抵下齒,嘴角盡量拉向兩邊,上下齒之間的距離相當(dāng)于把食指摞在中指上以后兩個之間的厚度。(梅花音,嘴裂最寬一個,腮幫酸脹,發(fā)音就像擠出來一樣,感覺不適應(yīng)。)eg:fat(肥的),bag(包),fact(事實(shí))3./?:/

/?//?:/長元音,雙唇收得比/?/更小更圓,并向前突出,舌尖離下齒,舌后部抬得比/?/略高。eg:sort(種類),talk(談話),ball(球,舞會)/?/短元音,口腔打開,嘴張大,雙唇稍收圓,但不突出,舌身低,舌尖離下齒,。eg:fond(喜歡的),lock(鎖),hot(熱的)4./?:/

/?//?:/長元音,嘴形扁平,上下齒微微張開,舌身放平,舌中部稍抬起。eg:girl(女孩),first(第一),work(工作)/?/短元音,嘴唇微微張開,舌身放平,舌中部稍微抬起,口腔自然放松發(fā)聲。eg:forget(忘記),dollar(美元),power(勢力)5./u://u/

/u:/長元音,雙唇比/u/收得更小更圓,微微外凸,舌頭盡量后縮。eg:move(移動),spoon(湯勺),room(房間)/u/短元音,嘴唇張開略向前突出,嘴形稍收圓并放松些。eg:good(好的),could(能夠),should(應(yīng)該)6./ɑ://

?/

/ɑ:/長元音,口腔打開,嘴張大,舌身放平,舌尖離下齒,下巴放低,輕松發(fā)音。eg:car(小汽車),art(藝術(shù)),bath(洗澡)/

?/短元音,嘴唇微微張開伸向兩邊,舌尖輕觸下齒,唇后部稍稍抬起。eg:color(顏色),lucky(幸運(yùn)的),love(愛)雙元音8個7./e?//??//a?//e?/由/e/和/?/兩個單音組成,/e/重讀,/?/輕讀,口形由半開到合,與字母A發(fā)音相同。eg:same(相同的),late(遲到的),cake(蛋糕)/??/由/?/和/?/兩個單音組成,/??/的發(fā)音也是一個過程,口形由半開到小,與字母O的發(fā)音相同。eg:show(展示),know(知道),go(去)/a?/由/a/和/?/兩個單音組成,前重后輕,口形由開到合,與字母I的發(fā)音相同。eg:life(生活),kind(親切的),like(喜歡)8./a?//??//a?/由/a/和/?/兩個單音組成,/a/重讀,/?/輕讀,口形由大到小。eg:house(房子),shout(叫喊),town(城鎮(zhèn))/??/由/?/和/?/兩個單音組成,前重后輕,雙唇由圓到扁,口形從開到合。eg:joy(歡樂),noise(噪音),enjoy(享受)9./??//e?//??/

/??/

由/?/和

/?/兩個單音組成,前重后輕,雙唇始終半開。eg:dear(親愛的),beer(啤酒),hear(聽到)/e?/由/e/和/?/兩個單音組成,前重后輕,舌端抵下齒,雙唇半開。eg:care(關(guān)心),share(分享),bear(熊)/??/由/?/和/?/兩個單音組成,前重后輕,嘴唇由收圓到半開。eg:sure(確信的),your(你們的),輔音28個10./p//b//p/雙唇緊閉,然后快速張開,讓氣流沖出口腔,發(fā)出爆破音,但聲帶不振動。eg:pea(豌豆),deep(深的),tip(頂端)/b//b/和/p/發(fā)音相似,雙唇緊閉,然后快速張開,讓氣流沖出口腔,發(fā)出爆破音,但聲帶需振動。eg:bee(蜜蜂),beat(敲打),bit(少量)/

t/

舌尖抵上齒齦(gum

)

,憋住氣,然后彈開舌尖,讓氣流從口腔中噴出,但聲帶不振動。eg:eat(吃),beat(敲打),bit(少量),tip(頂端)/d//d/和/

t/

發(fā)音相似,舌尖抵上齒齦,憋住氣,然后彈開舌尖,讓氣流從口腔中噴出,但聲帶需振動。eg:deep(深的),deal(處理),do(做)11./

t//d/

12./k/

/g//

k/

舌后部抵住軟腭(softpalate

),憋住氣,然后突然離開,將氣流送出,像咳嗽,但聲帶不振動。eg:key(鑰匙),kid(小孩),kind(親切的)/g//g/和/

k/發(fā)音相似,舌后部抵住軟腭,憋住氣,然后突然離開,將氣流送出,像咳嗽,但聲帶需振動。eg:big(大的),give(給),egg(雞蛋),get(到達(dá))/s/

雙唇微微張開,舌端靠近齒齦,舌頭自然放松,氣流從齒間送出,但聲帶不振動。eg:best(最好的),zest(熱情),bus(巴士)/z//z/口形與/s/,雙唇微微張開,舌端靠近齒齦,舌頭自然放松,氣流從齒間送出,但聲帶需振動。eg:zest(熱情),zero(零),zoo(動物園)13./s/

/z//m/雙唇緊閉,舌頭放平,氣流從鼻腔送出,聲帶振動。eg:money(錢),room(房間),morning(早上)/n/雙唇微開,舌尖抵上齒齦,氣流從鼻孔里出來,聲帶振動。eg:need(需要),thin(瘦的),morning(早上)/?/雙唇張開,舌尖抵下齒齦,舌后部自然往上頂住,氣流從鼻腔送出,聲帶振動。eg:young(年輕的),song(歌曲),tongue(舌頭)14./m//n//?/

15./f/

/v//f/

上齒輕輕接觸下唇,然后輕輕吹氣,使氣流從唇齒間通過,形成摩擦(friction)

,但聲帶不振動。eg:fact(事實(shí)),feet(腳),fat(肥的)/v//v/和/f/

發(fā)音相似,上齒輕輕接觸下唇,然后輕輕吹氣,使氣流從唇齒間通過,形成摩擦,但聲帶需振動。eg:give(給),have(有),very(非常)16./θ//e/

/θ/

舌尖微微伸出,上下齒輕輕咬住舌尖送氣,但聲帶不振動。eg:bath(洗澡),thought(思考),thank(謝謝)/e/口形與/θ/

相似,舌尖微微伸出,上下齒輕輕咬住舌尖送氣,但聲帶需振動。eg:than(比較),that(那個),those(那些)17./?/

/?//?/雙唇收圓,并稍微突出,舌頭稍微上卷,舌尖接近上齒齦送氣,聲帶不振動。eg:flash(閃現(xiàn)),show(展示),shine(發(fā)光)/?/口形與/?/相似,雙唇收圓并稍微突出,舌頭稍微上卷,舌尖接近上齒齦,但聲帶需振動。eg:pleasure(愉快),leisure(安逸),18./t?/

/d?//t?/

雙唇略微張開突出,舌尖抵住上齒齦,用力吐氣,聲帶不振動。eg:charm(魅力),change(改變),cheer(喝彩)/d?/和/t?/發(fā)音相似,雙唇略微張開突出,舌尖抵住上齒齦,用力吐氣,但聲帶需振動。eg:change(改變),job(工作),joke(玩笑)19./ts/

/dz//ts/舌尖先抵住上齒,堵住氣流,使氣流從舌尖和齒齦間送出,聲帶不振動。eg:seats(座位),roots(根),fruits(水果)/dz/和/ts/發(fā)音相似,舌尖先抵住上齒齦,堵住氣流,使氣流從舌尖和齒齦間送出,但聲帶需振動。eg:reads(閱讀),goods(商品),needs(需要)/tr/

雙唇收圓向前突出,舌尖上翹抵住上齒齦,采取發(fā)/r/的姿勢,聲帶不振動。eg:train(火車),try(嘗試),truck(貨車)/dr/和/tr/的發(fā)音相似,雙唇收圓向前突出,舌尖上翹抵住上齒齦,采取發(fā)/r/的姿勢,聲帶需振動。eg:dry(干燥),dream(夢想),drag(拉)20./tr/

/dr/

/

h/

嘴唇自然張開,自然呵氣,聲帶不振動。eg:have(有),hill(小山),happen(發(fā)生)/

?/舌尖抵住上齒齦,舌尖輕微用力彎曲,氣流從舌的旁邊送出,聲帶振動。eg:love(愛),little(小的),letter(字母)/

r/舌尖向上卷起,舌頭不要接觸任何部位,雙唇稍微突出,聲帶振動。eg:bread(面包),red(紅色的),rush(沖,奔)21./

h/

/

?/

/

r/

/

j/嘴形成微笑狀,舌尖抵住下齒,舌面貼住上顎,聲帶振動。(yeah)eg:year(年份),young(年輕的),yellow(黃色的)/w/雙唇縮小并向前突出,舌后部抬起,嘴慢慢向兩旁滑開,聲帶振動。類似/u:/

eg:wait(等待),watch(手表),water(水)

22./

j/

/w/

[i:]emewehe

equalsceneeeseeindeedbreezesucceedeaeatbeatneatrealdefeatieyieldpiecefieldbelieve發(fā)音規(guī)則eiseizereceiveceilingipoliceskimachine

eopeopleey

key[i:]iitfitpigmisskissfillpicnicycityprettybusysixtyeprettyEnglishEnglandee

coffeecommittee[i]eymoneyvalleyiecarriedworriedladiesavillageo

women[i]ubusyuibuildguilt

coffeecommittee[i]echeckentergentleaccepteaspreadbreadweatheriefrienda

anymany

[e]aisaiday

saysu

buryBetterlatethannever.(遲做總比不做好)Bettertodowellthantosaywell.(口說不如實(shí)干)[e]a[

]catmapfathatmadbackgascatchmatchfacthappymarrystampactadaptattractivenational

Catchthatmadblackcat.Thankyouforthestamp.a(chǎn)passglassdemandadvanceararmgardensmartharmfulauauntlaughear

heart[ɑ:]earheartalcalmhalf[ɑ:]Alargearmymarchedpastthefarmyard.It’shardtoseeanystarsinthedarksky.ocomecompassgovernmentooflood

bloodusun

adult

culture

customoutouchtroublecoupledouble[∧]awsawlawdraworaccordingforceborncornoabroadboardou

boughtbroughtcoursecough[o:]autaughtcaughtnaughtfaultoodoorflooralallballtalksmallwalkore

morestorebeforeexplore[o:]oremorestorebeforeexplorearwarwarmwarnawatersaltalsofalse[o:]oofferblockcollegepossibleoucoughow

knowledge[o]

asoftsong/acoffeeshop/costalotTheclockisstopped,it’snotlong.Losttimeisneverfoundagain.[o]owhodolosemovementoofoolspooncooltoothchooseurudepollutionJunerevolutionaryew

threw[u:]uebluecrueltytrueoeshoeuifruitruinjuiceWhosaidthesoupwastoocool?Asarule,theskiesareblueinJune.[u:]uputpushpullhelpfulbushbulletcarefulowomanwolflosewhoseoogoodwoodbookwoolen

footballoul

couldshouldwould[u

]prettyEnglishEngland[u]Helookslikeagoodcook.ItookmybookandlookedatitaslongasIcould.a(chǎn)agreeaheadadmireattendadventurearcalendar

polareranotherordergathero

methodEuropesecond[e]orlaborbehavioractordoctorour

colo(u)roufamous

ur

surprisesurvive[]urefeatureLecturemeasure[]Myyoungerbrotherisadoctor.Givemesomebutterandsugar.Wewillhaveaget-togetheraftersupper.urturnfurchurchfurniturefurtherorwordworthworstworkourjourneyir

birdbirthdaythirstystir[e:]erserveemergencydeserteddetermineearearthheardsearch[]atakecasebehaveablelatestaiwaitraintrainraisegrainaymaywayplaystayea

breakgreat[ei]eieightneighborreigneytheygrey[ei]inicelikewifeadvicewisetidyhighfightbrightei

heightymybywhytypetrysatisfyfryuy

buy[ai]onohomenoticebonedevoteherooaroadboatcoatcoachousoulshoulderthoughalthoughow

knowbowlslowlowflowfollowowe

[

]ouloudhouseshoutsouthoutermouthaboutow[au]nowhowtowntower元音字母在重讀開音節(jié)或重讀相對開音節(jié)中讀元音字母本身的音:

元音字母讀音例詞讀音

a/ei/a/ei/

e/i:/me/mi:/

I/ai/I/ai/

o//

no/n/

u/ju:/cue/kju:/小結(jié)元音字母在重讀閉音節(jié)中的常用讀音:

元音字母讀音例詞讀音

a//man/mn/

e/e/men/men/

I/i/bit/bit/

o//hot/ht/

u/u/put/put/

a

/i/village

/e/anymany

//catchmatchfacthappymarry

/a:/passglassdemandadvance

//whatwashswallowwantwatch//agreeaheadadmireattend/ei/

takemaketablecasebehaveablelatest

ai

/e/

said

/ei/

waitraintrainraisegrain

ar

//

armgardenmarchsmartharmful

//

warwarmwarn//

calendarpolar

//

areavaryvarious

au

/a:/

auntlaugh

//

taughtcaughtnaughtfault

ay

/e/says

/ei/maywayplaystay

e

/i:/

me

wehe

equalscene

/i/

prettyEnglishEngland

/e/

eggeffectcheckenternevergentleaccept

ee/i:/seeindeedbreezesucceed

/i/coffeecommittee

ea/i:/eatbeatneatrealdefeat

/e/spread//idea

realrealize

/ei/breakgreat

eer

//beer

cheerdeercareer

ear

/a:/

heart

//earnearclearfear

hear

//beartearwear

//

earthheardsearch

ei

/i:/seizereceiveceiling

/ei/

eightneighborreign

i

/i:/policeskimachine

/i/itfitpigmisskissfillpicnic

/ai/nicelikewifeadvicediveprizewisetidy

igh

/ai/highnight

ir

//

birdfirstbirthday

ie

/i:/

yieldpiecefieldbelieve

/i/

carriedworriedladies

/e/

friend

o

/i/women

//

copyofferblockcollegepossible

/u/

womanwolf

/u:/whodolosedovemovement

//

comecompassgovernment//methodEuropesecond

//noticebonedevoteherohost

oo

//

door

/u/goodwoodbookwoolenfootball/u:/foolspooncooltoothchoose//

floodbloodou

//cough//

boughtbroughtcourse

//

touchtroublecoupledouble//famous

//

loudhouseshoutsouth

outermouthabout

//

tourtourist

//soulshoulderthoughalthough

oa

//

broadboard

//

roadboatcoatcoach

ow

//

knowledge

//

knowbowlslowlow

flowfollow

//

nowhowtowntower

u

/i/busy

/e/bury

/u/pushpullhelpfulbulletcareful

/u:/rudeJunerevolutionarypollution

//sunadultculturecustom

ui

/u:/fruitjuice

/i/buildguilt

ue

/u:/bluecrueltytrue

ur

//

turnchurchfurniturefurther//surprisesurvive//furyjuryassurance

c

/k/

capcatcare

case

class

/s/

centrecitycinemacivilcyclebicycle

//

oceansocialspecialch

/k/chemistry

character

//

machine

//

choosechoiceeach

lunchmuch

such

d

/d/

degreeincludetradeintroducedark

//

soldier

g

/g/

givegoldgungate

guidebeg

//agegeneralgentlelarge

s

/s/sendsincelooseagainstleast

/z/isascausenoisepleasepraisegoesplays

says

houses

knives

//suresugarAsia

//measureusualpleasuretreasure

ss

/s/

misspassacross

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