考研考博-英語(yǔ)-中國(guó)礦業(yè)大學(xué)（北京）考試押題三合一+答案詳解1

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-中國(guó)礦業(yè)大學(xué)（北京）考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Ifsomethingverysubstantialisnotdonenextmonth,hecannot（）hisoffice.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.obtain

B.secure

C.have

D.retain

【答案】D

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。obtain“獲得”；secure“保護(hù)”；have“擁有”；retain“保留”。句意：如果下個(gè)月沒有做一些實(shí)質(zhì)性的工作，他將保不住他的職位。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

2.單選題

Withthedevelopmentofinternationaltrade,aninternationalmediumofexchangeisrequired.Fromthelate1800suntilWorldWarI,mostcountriesoperatedonthegoldstandard.Goldcoinsofstandardspecificationscirculatedfreelybetweencountries,makinggoldineffectaninternationalcurrency.Thissystemprovidedanautomaticcorrectionforsometradeimbalances,butithadlittleliquidity(themoneysupplycouldnotexpandasrapidlyasrequiredbyexpandingtrade),anditwasvulnerablytoshort-termchangesinthegoldsupply.

Afterthefinancialstabilityofthe1930s，theinternationalmonetarysystemwasre-builtfollowingWorldWarIIonthegold-exchangestandard.ThevaluesofmostnationalcurrencieswerefixedinrelationtotheUSdollar,reserveswerekeptindollars,whichwouldbeexchangedondemandforgoldatasetprice($35anounceuntil1968).TheInternationalMonetaryFund,akeyinstitutionsetupunderthissystem,makesinternationalloanswithcapitalsubscribedbyitsmembers,whichincludemostnoncommuniststates.Votingrightsareproportionaltotheamountssubscribed.TheIMFhasbeenable,throughitsloans,tostabilizefluctuatingcurrenciesandtoinfluencetheinternalfinancialpoliciesofrecipientcountries,afrequentlycriticizedpractice.

Thesuccessofthegoldexchangestandard,however,dependedonthesuperiorpositionoftheUSinworldtrade.Inthe1960s,continualbalancepaymentsdeficitsloweredUSgoldreservesandfatallyunderminedthesystem.In1968atwo-tieredsystemwasadopted.Governmentbanksmaintainedafixedgoldprice,whilenonegovernmentalbuyerstradedfreely.Simultaneously,non-dollarspecialdrawingrightwereassignedtoIMFmembersinproportiontotheircontributions.Butthesechangesdidn’trelievethestrainontheUSdollar.In1971PresidentRichardNixonannouncedthatdollarswouldnolongerautomaticallybeexchangedforgold,andsincethentherehasbeennosingleinternationalmonetarystandard.

1.SinceWorldWarIItheinternationalmonetarysystemhasshownanoveralltrendtoward（

）.

2.Thereasonwhythegoldstandardhadlimitedliquidityisprobablebecause

（

）.

3.Thegold-exchangestandarddiffersfromthegoldstandardinthat（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.greatercentralizecontrolofworldtrade.

B.tryingthevalueofworldcurrenciesratherthanthevalueofgoldsupply

C.increasinglystablecurrencies

D.substitutingseveraldifferentmonetarystandardsforasingleunifiedstandard

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.themoneysupplycouldnotincreasefasterthanthetrade

B.themoneysupplyvariedindependentlyofthegoldsupply

C.itwasimpossibletoconvertthecurrencyofonecountryintothatofanother

D.anation’scurrencycouldnotbefreelyconvertedintogold

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.itdoesnotestablishagenerallyacceptedinternationalmediumofexchange

B.itestablishesnorelationshipbetweenthevalueofagivencurrencyandthevalueofgold

C.therelationshipitestablishesbetweenthevalueofanycurrencyandwhateverthevalueofgoldisindirectratherthandirect.

D.itisatwo-tieredratherthanasingle-tieredsystem.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:C

【解析】1.判斷推理題。結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，原文第一段講了金本位制下黃金作為國(guó)際貨幣的不足之處；第二段提到國(guó)際貨幣體系取代黃金作為國(guó)際貨幣交換的媒介；再根據(jù)第三段最后一句“sincethentherehasbeennosingleinternationalmonetarystandard.從那時(shí)起，就沒有單一的國(guó)際貨幣標(biāo)準(zhǔn)?！币簿褪钦f出現(xiàn)了多種貨幣體系來代替統(tǒng)一的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，選項(xiàng)D符合原文。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“butithadlittleliquidity(themoneysupplycouldnotexpandasrapidlyasrequiredbyexpandingtrade).但它幾乎沒有流動(dòng)性(貨幣供應(yīng)不能像擴(kuò)大貿(mào)易所需要的那樣迅速擴(kuò)張)?！庇纱丝芍x項(xiàng)A符合原文。

3.判斷推理題。根據(jù)第二段第二句“ThevaluesofmostnationalcurrencieswerefixedinrelationtotheUSdollar,reserveswerekeptindollars,whichwouldbeexchangedondemandforgoldatasetprice.大多數(shù)國(guó)家貨幣的價(jià)值與美元掛鉤是固定的，外匯儲(chǔ)備以美元形式保存，這些美元將在黃金需求時(shí)以固定價(jià)格兌換?！庇纱丝芍饏R兌本位制區(qū)別于金本位制是由于它在任何貨幣價(jià)值和黃金價(jià)值之間所建立的關(guān)系不是直接的，而是間接的。所以選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

3.單選題

Amotionpicturedirectorforovertwentyyears,JohnChampmanstampedhisfilmwith（

）tyleandpersonalconviction.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.himself

B.hisown

C.his

D.him

【答案】B

【解析】考查人稱代詞和物主代詞的用法。句意：二十多年來，電影導(dǎo)演John將他的電影深深烙上了個(gè)人風(fēng)格和個(gè)人信仰的記號(hào)。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。hisown“他自己的”。

4.單選題

Beefcattle______ofalllivestockforeconomicgrowthinthecertaingeographicregions.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.themostareimportant

B.arethemostimportant

C.isthemostimportant

D.thataremostimportant

【答案】B

【解析】考查句子成分。句意：在某些地區(qū)，肉牛是經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)最重要的牲畜。根據(jù)題目和選項(xiàng)確定句子結(jié)構(gòu)為主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)，所以用be動(dòng)詞；根據(jù)cattle是集合名詞確定用復(fù)數(shù)形式；根據(jù)形容詞最高級(jí)結(jié)構(gòu)為themost+adj.確定用themostimportant，所以B選項(xiàng)arethemostimportant符合題意。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

5.單選題

Therearetwobasicwaystoseepersonalgrowth:oneasaproduct,whichcaneasilybeidentifiedandmeasured;theotherasaprocess,which,（

），ismuchmoredifficulttodetermine.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.inaddition

B.bycontrast

C.furthermore

D.likewise

【答案】B

【解析】副詞固定詞組詞義辨析。本題需要分析前后兩句的關(guān)系，通過句意‘從兩個(gè)基本的方法可以看出個(gè)人成長(zhǎng)：一個(gè)是結(jié)果，能夠很輕易地被識(shí)別和衡量；另一個(gè)就是過程，相比之下就很難被決定?！菍烧哌M(jìn)行比較。A選項(xiàng)inaddition“除此之外，此外”，意思上的遞進(jìn)；B選項(xiàng)bycontrast“相比之下，與之相比”，正確；C選項(xiàng)furthermore“此外，而且”，也是意思上的遞進(jìn)；D選項(xiàng)likewise“同樣地，也”。故應(yīng)選B項(xiàng)

6.單選題

Auctionsarepublicsalesofgoods,conductedbyanofficiallyapprovedauctioneer.Heaskedthecrowdtogatherintheauctionroomtobidforvariousitemsonsale.Heencouragesbuyerstobidhigherfiguresandfinallynamesthehighestbidderasthebuyerofthegoods.Thisiscalled“knockingdown”thegoods,forthebiddingendswhentheauctioneerbangsasmallhammeronaraisedplatform.

TheancientRomansprobablyinventedsalesbyauctionandtheEnglishwordcomesfromtheLatinAutcio,meaning“increase”.TheRomansusuallysoldinthiswaythespoilstakeninwar;thesesaleswerecalled“subhasta”,meaning“underthespear”,aspearbeingstuckinthegroundasasignalforacrowdtogather.InEnglandintheeighteenthandnineteenthcenturiesgoodswereoftensold“bythecandle”;ashortcandlewaslitbytheauctioneerandbidscouldbemadewhileitwasburning.

Practicallyallgoodscanbesoldbyauction.Amongthesearecoffee,hides,skins,wool,tea,cocoa,furs,fruit,vegetablesandwines.Auctionsalesarealsousualforlandandproperty,antiquefurniture,pictures,rarebooks,oldchinaandworksofart.TheauctionroomsatChristie’sandSotheby’sinLondonandNewYorkareworldfamous.

Anauctionisusuallyadvertisedbeforehandwithfullparticularsofthearticlestobesoldandwhereandwhentheycanbeviewedbythebuyers.Iftheadvertisementcannotgivefulldetails,cataloguesareprinted,andeachgroupofgoodstobesoldtogether,calleda“l(fā)ot”,isusuallygivenanumber.Theauctioneerneednotbeginwithlotoneandcontinuethenumericalorder;hemaywaituntilhenoticesthefactthatcertainbuyersareintheroomandthenproducethelotstheyarelikelytobeinterestedin.Theauctioneer’sservicesarepaidforintheformofapercentageofthepricethegoodsaresoldfor.Theauctioneerthereforehasadirectinterestinpushingupthebidding.

1.Auctionedgoodsaresold（

）.

2.Theendofbiddingiscalled“knockingdown”because（

）.

3.Inthesentence“TheRomansusuallysoldinthiswaythespoilstakeninwar,”theword“spoils”mostprobablymeans（

）.

4.InEnglandacandleusedtoburnatauctionsales（

）.

5.Anauctioncataloguegivesbuyers（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.atfixedprices

B.atpriceslowerthantheirtruevalue

C.forthehighestpriceoffered

D.atpricesofferedbytheauctioneer

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.theauctioneerknocksonthetable

B.thegoodsareknockeddownontothetable

C.theauctioneerbangsthetablewithahammer

D.theauctioneernamesthehighestbidderasthebuyerofthegoods

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.uselessgoods

B.spears

C.variouskindsoffood

D.propertytakenfromtheenemy

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.tolimitthetimewhenoffersofpricescouldbemade

B.becausetheauctionsalestookplaceatnight

C.asasignalforthecrowdtogather

D.tokeeptheauctionroomwarm

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.thecurrentmarketvaluesofthegoods

B.theorderinwhichgoodsaretobesold

C.freeadmissiontotheauctionsale

D.detailsofthegoodstobesold

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】1.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。定位到文章第一段“Heencouragesbuyerstobidhigherfiguresandfinallynamesthehighestbidderasthebuyerofthegoods.他鼓勵(lì)買家出更高的價(jià)格，并最終將出價(jià)最高者稱作商品的買主?！庇纱丝芍鸢高xC。

2.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。定位到文章第一段“Thisiscalled‘knockingdown’thegoods,forthebiddingendswhentheauctioneerbangsasmallhammeronaraisedplatform.這被稱為‘擊倒’貨物，當(dāng)拍賣人在一個(gè)凸起的臺(tái)子上敲擊小錘子時(shí)，競(jìng)拍就結(jié)束了?！庇纱丝芍鸢高xC。

3.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】語(yǔ)義推測(cè)題。定位到文章第二段“TheRomansusuallysoldinthiswaythespoilstakeninwar;thesesaleswerecalled‘subhasta’,meaning‘underthespear’,aspearbeingstuckinthegroundasasignalforacrowdtogather.羅馬人通常以這種方式出售戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中的戰(zhàn)利品；這些銷售被稱為‘subhasta’，意思是‘在長(zhǎng)矛下’，一根長(zhǎng)矛被卡在地上，作為一種信號(hào)，讓人群聚集起來?！庇纱丝芍鸢高xD。

4.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。定位到文章第二段“InEnglandintheeighteenthandnineteenthcenturiesgoodswereoftensold‘bythecandle’;ashortcandlewaslitbytheauctioneerandbidscouldbemadewhileitwasburning.在18世紀(jì)和19世紀(jì)的英國(guó)，商品經(jīng)常被‘以燒蠟燭定時(shí)限’出售；拍賣師點(diǎn)燃了一支短蠟燭，在燃燒的時(shí)候可以進(jìn)行投標(biāo)?！庇纱丝芍鸢高xA。

5.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】推理判斷題。定位到文章最后一段“Iftheadvertisementcannotgivefulldetails,cataloguesareprinted,andeachgroupofgoodstobesoldtogether,calleda‘lot’,isusuallygivenanumber.如果廣告不能提供完整的細(xì)節(jié)，商品目錄就會(huì)被打印出來，并且每一組被稱為“批次”的商品，通常會(huì)被給出一個(gè)數(shù)字?！庇纱丝赏浦?，目錄提供了貨物的詳情，故答案選D。

7.單選題

Therearestillmanycountrieswherethedeathpenaltyisthe（

）againstmurder.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.sanction

B.prevention

C.fright

D.threat

【答案】A

【解析】考察名詞詞義辨析。sanction“制裁，處罰”；prevention“預(yù)防，阻止”；fright“驚嚇”；threat“威脅”。句意：仍然有許多國(guó)家將死刑作犯謀殺罪的處罰。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

8.單選題

Anypossibledeleterioussideeffectsofthenewdrugcannotbedeterminedby______trials;severallong-termstudieswith______identicalmethodologiesarerequired.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.baneful…germane

B.acceding…fawning

C.mitigating…stout

D.cursory...uniform

【答案】D

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.baneful…germane有害的，有毒的……貼切的，恰當(dāng)?shù)?，有密切關(guān)系的B.acceding…fawning加入，同意v.……奉承的，恭維的

C.mitigating…stout減輕的，節(jié)制的，和緩的……堅(jiān)決的，強(qiáng)有力的D.cursory...uniform粗略的，草率的……統(tǒng)一的，相同的

【答案】D

【考查點(diǎn)】形容詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)句子意思“新藥的任何可能的有害副作用都不能通過______試驗(yàn)確定；它需要用______相同方法進(jìn)行幾項(xiàng)長(zhǎng)期研究”可知，兩個(gè)空格處都要填入一個(gè)形容詞，第一個(gè)空格根據(jù)句意可知，填入cursory表示“草率的”符合語(yǔ)境；第二個(gè)空格根據(jù)后面的identical（相同的）可知，該空格填入uniform表示“統(tǒng)一的”符合，故該題選擇D項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、C項(xiàng)不符合句意。

【句意】新藥的任何可能的有害副作用都不能通過草率的試驗(yàn)確定；它需要用統(tǒng)一的相同方法進(jìn)行幾項(xiàng)長(zhǎng)期研究。

9.單選題

Therewasonlyasmall（

）inthecity’spopulationoverthelasttenyears.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.intimacy

B.immortality

C.incidence

D.increment

【答案】D

【解析】句意:在過去十年內(nèi)這個(gè)城市的人口只有一個(gè)小幅度的增加。

名詞辨析。Intimacy親密，隱私;immortality永生,不朽;incidence發(fā)生率,影響;increment增加。故D項(xiàng)符合句意。

10.單選題

ThemysteriousspokesinSaturn's（土星）ringsmaybecreatedbymassivethunderstormsintheplanet’satmosphere.Ifthetheoryisright,thesefaintfeaturesarethesignatureofawesomeevents:lightningstrokesaretenthousandtimesmoreenergeticthanthoseonEarthreleasingbeamsofelectronsthatsurgeupfromSaturnssurfacetowhack（重?fù)簦﹊ntotheringsandblastoutjetsofelectricallychargeddust.

Theidea,proposedbyGeraintJonesoftheMaxPlanckInstituteforSolarSystemResearchinKatlenburg-Lindau,Germany,andhiscolleaguesinGeophysicalResearchLetters,remainsspeculative.Noonehaseverseenstorm-inducedelectronbeamsonSaturn.Buttheresearcherssaythatthetheorywouldexplainsomepuzzlingfeaturesofthespokes,andthatitfitswithwhatisknownabouttheeffectsofthunderstormsonEarth.

ThespokesofSaturn’sringswerefirstdiscoveredbytheVoyagerIandIIspacecraftwhentheypassedclosetothegasgiantplanetin1980and1981.Thespokesare“averycomplexphenomenon,andadifficultthingtountangle”,saysCarolynPorcooftheSpaceScienceInstituteinBoulder,Colorado,whowasthefirstpersontoworkonthesemysteriousfeaturesbackintheVoyagerdays.

Thespokesappearasbrightordarkstreaksabout100kmwideandupto20,000kmlongthatcrosstherings,makingthemlookasthoughtheyhavebeensmearedbyagiantfinger.Theyaretransient,buildingupoveraperiodofafewhoursandthendisappearingagainseveralhourslater.Andtheyaren’talwaysthereatall:between1998and2004,whenNASA’sCassinispacecraftreachedtheplanet,therewasnosignofany.SpokesreappearedinSeptember2005,whenCassinitooksnapshotsofthem.

Researchersagreethatthespokesaremadeofdustgrainsthathavebecomeelectricallychargedandarepushedupoutoftheringsinlongstreamersbyelectrostaticrepulsion（靜電排斥）.Buttheydon’tknowwhatcausesthecharging.

Onetheoryisthatthishappenswhenmeteoritesplowintotheringsandwhipupacloudofchargedplasma（等離子區(qū)），whichthenchargesuptherings’dustparticles.Butthis,saysJones,can’texplainwhythespokesbuildupgraduallyit’simplausible（難信的）thatseveralmeteoriteswouldstriketheringsinthesameplaceinclosesuccession.

AnalternativeexplanationisbasedonthewaythatthunderstormsonEarthcangenerateelectronbeamsintheupperatmosphere.Whileregularlightningboltstravelbetweencloudsandthegroundbelow,high-energyparticlesstreamingfromspacecalledcosmicrayscantriggerelectrondischargesabovetheclouds.TheseelectronsstreamoutwardsintospacealongthefieldlinesoftheEarth’magneticfield.Thiscanproduceflashesofgammaraysaswellasglowingatmosphericfeaturescalledsprites.

ThunderstormsarealsoknowntohappenwithinthethickatmosphereofSaturn,andJonesandcolleaguessaythatthesearelikelytohavethesameeffect—cosmicrayscomingintowardsSaturnshouldlikewiseformoutgoingelectronbeamsthatcouldhittherings,chargingupdustgrains.

1.Whichofthefollowingstatementsmaybetheauthor’sview?

2.ItwasCarolynPorcowhofirstworkedon（）.

3.Whydidn’tCassinigetthesignofspokeswhenitreachedSaturnbetween1998and2004?

4.Ifthefirsttheoryaboutchargingistrue,（）.

5.Itisbelievedthatthunderstorms（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Thunderstormshavegreatdestructiveforce.

B.Saturn’sspokesmaybemadebylightning.

C.Saturnexplorationwillbecontinued.

D.Spokesareacommonphenomenoningalaxy.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.themysteriousphenomenaintheuniverse

B.thefeaturesofspacescience

C.voyagerspacecraft

D.thespokesofSaturn’srings

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Becausethespokesaretransient.

B.Becausethespokescanhardlybeseen.

C.BecauseCassiniwasnotcloseenoughtoSaturn.

D.Becausethespokesweretoodarktobeseenatthattime.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.theremustbechargeddustparticlesaroundtheringsofSaturn

B.theremustbeacloudofchargedplasmacreatedbyseveralmeteorites

C.theremustbemeteoritesplowingintotheringsofSaturn

D.theremustbeseveralmeteoritesstrikingtheringsinthesameplaceinclosesuccession

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.cancreateflashesofgammarays

B.mayhappenwithinthethickatmosphereofSaturn

C.mayinterferewiththemagneticfieldofSaturn

D.canblastoutjetsofelectricallychargeddust

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:D

【解析】1.判斷推理題。文章第一二段對(duì)土星外的那層光環(huán)進(jìn)行了一些猜測(cè)，但是這些也僅僅是猜測(cè)，并沒有任何證據(jù)能證實(shí)，因此選項(xiàng)C“對(duì)火星的探索還將繼續(xù)”符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。文章第二段倒數(shù)第一句話提到CarolynPorco是第一個(gè)在關(guān)于土星光環(huán)這個(gè)神秘特征上做工作的（thefirstpersontoworkonthesemysteriousfeaturesbackintheVoyagerdays）。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。文章第四段第二句提到這些光環(huán)是短暫的，一會(huì)出現(xiàn)，一會(huì)又不見了（theyaretransient,buildingupoveraperiodofafewhoursandthendisappearingagainseveralhourslater），因此選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。文章倒數(shù)第三段提到這些理論不能解釋這些光環(huán)為什么逐漸出現(xiàn)（Butthis,saysJones,can’texplainwaythespokesbuildupgradually–it’simplausiblethatseveralmeteoriteswouldstriketheringsinthesameplaceinclosesuccession），因此選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。文章倒數(shù)第二段提到宇宙射線能夠引發(fā)電子在云層之上放電（high-energyparticlesstreamingfromspacecalledcosmicrayscantriggerelectrondischargesabovetheclouds），選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

11.單選題

Iamwritingthisathomebecauselastweekmyergonomic(符合人體工程學(xué)的)chairattheofficefellapart,unableanylongertobearmyweight.Iamwritingitonacomputerthatisproppedontopoftwothickbooks,becauseotherwisemyneckwouldbecrickedasIpeeredatthescreen.At1.93mandweighing...well,I’mnotgoingtosaywhatIweigh,butthinksecond-rowrugbyunionforward...Iamnotbuiltforthisworld.WethereforewelcomeanewreportfromProfessorTimHattonattheUniversityofEssex,demonstratingthattheaverageheightofmeninEuropehasincreasedby4inchesinthepastcenturyandintheUKbyawhopping5inches.Asimilarincreaseislikelytohaveoccurredamongwomen:but,becausethestudyisbasedinpartonmilitaryrecords,evidenceisthinnerontheground.

Theproblem,asHattonobserves,isthattheworldhasn’tkeptpacewithourincreasedheight.Ilongagoabandonedbuses—leveringmyselfintoanarrowseatwasimpossible.Airtravelisalsochallenging.IwasinthebackrowofaneasyJetplanerecently,whichhasevenlessspacethananordinaryseat,andwouldhaveendedupwithaseverebackachehaditnotbeenforsomethoughtfulpassengernotturningup,allowingmetorelocatetoanaisleseatwheretheonlydangerisbeinghitbythetrolley.

Smallcarsareimpossible—Ihavetodrivewithmyheadthroughthesunroof.WestEndtheatersarehopelesslycramped.Asbeforeincricketgrounds:Iwouldundernocircumstancespay￡80foraplasticbucketseatataTestmatch,whereIwouldbewedgeduneasilybetweentwoloud,red-trouseredmerchantbankerssippingwarmchampagne.Asforthoseappallingpinebedswithfootboards,usuallyfoundinabsurdlysmallhotelroomswhereIinvariablygetstuckinthetoiletbecausethedoorwon’topenwithmeinside,theyshouldbebannedimmediately.

Ourextraheightgenerallymeansextraweight.USdatashowthatbaseballplayersareonaverage3inchestallerand2stonesheavierthantheywereacenturyago—andthesearethesuperfitguys.OtherdatasuggestordinaryAmericanshaveadded2.54cmand12.6kginthepast50yearsalone.Weareallgiantsnow—orwillbesoon.Asarepresentativeofthisnewbreed,Iwouldsayjustonething:bewaregardenfurniture.Itappearstobemadeforgnomes.Iroutinelyremovepleasant-lookingbutwhollyimpracticalcanechairs,andonce,whileinterviewingtheactressJennySeagrove,snappedthestringsofahammock-typechairinhergarden.Itisnoteasytogetyourintervieweetotakeyouseriouslyafteryourvastbulkhasbeenplungedsuddenlyontotheirmanicuredlawn.

1.Thebesttitleofthispassagemightbe（）.

2.WhatisthetoneofthewriterwhenheisdepictinghisrecenttravelinaneasyJetplane?

3.Accordingtothecontext,theword“gnomes”(Para.5)mightbe（）.

4.WhathappenedtothewriterwhilehewasinterviewingJennySeagrove?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.PoorQualityofChairs

B.TroublewithBeingTall

C.EmbarrassmentofBeingRejected

D.DifficultiesinTakingPlanesandBuses

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Angry.

B.Sarcastic.

C.Humorous.

D.Envious.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.peopleofvastbulk

B.peopleofsmallsizes

C.representativesofAmericans

D.representativesofbaseballplayers

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Hesuddenlyfelldownonthelawn.

B.Hepretendedtobeveryserious.

C.Hemadeafoolofhimselfonpurpose.

D.Hefailedtofinishhisinterview

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:B

第4題:A

【解析】第1題:1.結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要是作者描述自己個(gè)子高，身體重帶來的麻煩，選項(xiàng)A,C,D均為由此帶來的麻煩，選項(xiàng)B概括全面，所以作為標(biāo)題最恰當(dāng)。

2.根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“easyjetplane”定位到第二段后半部分，作者提到飛機(jī)上的座位空間比一般的座位要小,如果不是因?yàn)槟澄惑w貼的乘客沒有出現(xiàn)，使我可以坐在靠近過道的座位上，到下飛機(jī)的時(shí)候我可能會(huì)腰酸背痛,唯一的威脅就是會(huì)被手推車撞到。根據(jù)作者的描述可知，這是一種挖苦和嘲諷的語(yǔ)氣。選項(xiàng)B正確。

3.作者在上文提到“Weareallgiants...bewaregardenfurniture.”我們現(xiàn)在都是巨人——或者即將成為巨人。但是要注意一件事:當(dāng)心花園家具。說明花園家具不適用于大塊頭的人，那么可以推測(cè)，“gnomes”指體型較小的人。選項(xiàng)B正確。

4.根據(jù)最后一段的最后一句“Itisnoteasytogetyourintervieweetotakeyouseriouslyafteryourvastbulkhasbeenplungedsuddenlyontotheirmanicuredlawn.”在你的巨大身軀突然摔倒在他們修剪整齊的草坪上之后，讓采訪者認(rèn)真對(duì)待你就不容易了。選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

第2題:

第3題:

第4題:

12.單選題

Wheneverpossible,Ian（

）howwellhespeaksJapanese.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.showsup

B.showsaround

C.showsoff

D.showsout

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。。showup“顯而易見，到場(chǎng)”；showaround“帶······參觀”；showoff“炫耀，展示”；showout“送出（客人）”。句意：只要有可能，伊恩就會(huì)向我們炫耀他說日語(yǔ)的能力。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

13.單選題

Bothsidesattheconflicthaveagreedtemporarilyto（）hostilities.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.suspend

B.reconcile

C.compromise

D.negotiate

【答案】A

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。Suspend"延緩,推遲";reconcile"使一致,使和解";compromise"妥協(xié),和解";negotiate"談判,交涉"。句意：沖突雙方已同意暫時(shí)停止敵對(duì)行動(dòng)。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

14.單選題

Iamboredbyyour______talk.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.insane

B.insipid

C.intrepid

D.invalid

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A項(xiàng)insane“瘋狂的，精神病的”，B項(xiàng)insipid“無味的，清淡的”，C項(xiàng)intrepid“無畏的，勇敢的”，D項(xiàng)invalid“無效的，有病的”。由bored（感到厭倦的）可知，______talk中的空格表示“無味的”符合語(yǔ)境。句意：我對(duì)你枯燥無味的談話感到厭煩。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)。

15.單選題

TheChinesevolleyballteamannouncedthattheywouldnot（

）firstplacetoanyteam.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.yell

B.yield

C.yoke

D.yearn

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)yell“叫喊，大聲叫”；B選項(xiàng)yield“屈服，投降，讓步，放棄”；C選項(xiàng)yoke“給……上軛，強(qiáng)行；使結(jié)合，使聯(lián)合”；D選項(xiàng)yearn“渴望，渴求”。由firstplace（第一名）可知B選項(xiàng)符合邏輯搭配。句意：中國(guó)排球隊(duì)宣布他們不會(huì)把第一名讓給任何一支球隊(duì)。

16.單選題

Asenseofsmellissomethingwearebornwith.Orisit?

Untilrecentlyscientistsbelievedthatthecommonsenseviewwaswrong:researchhadsuggestedthatwelearntodistinguishbetweenpleasantandunpleasantsmellsbyexperience.Fromearlyexperimentsthatinvolvedaskingchildrenbetweenthreeandfiveyearsoldwhattheythoughtofcertainsmells,researchersconcludedthatchildrenmustlearntheirappreciationofpleasantandunpleasantsmellsastheygetolder,ratherthanbeingbornwithit.Oneofthemostsurprisingresultsofthesetestswasthatthechildrensaidtheylikedthesmelloffaecesnearlyasoftenastheysaidtheylikedbanana.

PsychologistHilarySchmidtunderstandablyfoundthisresearchhardtoaccept.Shelookedatthewaythetestswereconducted,andappliedlessonsfromotherworkonchildpsychologytodesignherownexperiments.Shenotedthatchildrenyoungerthanfivewilloftenanswer‘Yes’toleadingquestionseveniftheanswersarecontradictory.Shethereforedecidedtosetherexperimentupasagame.SheaskedthechildreniftheywouldgiveaparticularsmellythingtoOscartheGrouch,apopulartelevisioncharacterwholivesinadustbinandlikes‘smelly’things,ortoBigBird,anothertelevisioncharacterwholikes‘nice’things.Shefoundthatthechildrendistinguishedbetweenpleasantandunpleasantsmellsinmuchthesamewayasanadult.Withthehelpofyoungerandyoungersubjects,shehopestoshedlightontheimportanceoftheinheritedcomponentofthesense.

Childrenyoungerthansevenoreightarenotoriouslybadatrecognizingwhatanobjectisfromitsshapealone.Schmidtpointstoanexperimentshehascarriedoutwithchildrenunderfivewhoweregivenalargestyrofoamballandasmall,butheavy,leadballtocompare.Aftertheyhadachancetofeelthetwo,shetooktheballsaway,andshowedthemanotherpairofStyrofoamandleadball.Whensheaskedthemwhichofthetwowouldbetheheavier,theyinvariablypointedtotheStyrofoamballjustbecauseitwasbigger.Despitetheirearlierexperience,theyhadnotgraspedtheideaofwhatanobjectismadeof—itssubstance—aswellassizeandshape.Butinotherexperimentswhensheintroducedodors,shefoundthatchildrenunderfiveunderstoodthatsmellwasanimportantcharacteristicofsubstance,andchildrencoulduseascenttorecognizesubstanceirrespectiveoftheshapeorsizeinwhichitwaspresentedtothem.

Schmidthasalsofoundthatgirlsaremoresensitivetosmellthanboys.Thesexdifferenceiswellknowninadults,butnotinchildren.Explainingthedifferenceinadultshascenteredonthesuggestionthatasgirlsgetolder,theytendtotakepartinactivitiessuchascooking,whichtrainthemtodistinguishbetweensmells.Anothersuggestionwasthatafterpuberty,femalehormonesbringaboutsomechangeintheolfactoryequipment.ButSchmidt’sobservationsthatthesexdifferenceexistsinchildrendoesnotfitinwitheitherexplanation.

31.Accordingtothetext,itiswell-knownthatoursenseofsmellis______.

32.WhichwouldHilarySchmidtmostprobablyagreeto?

33.Schmidt’sstyrofoamandleadballexperimentshowsthatyoungerchildren______.

34.Theword“subjects”(Para.3)mostprobablymeans______.

35.Fromthelastsentenceofthetext,wecaninferthatSchmidtmay______.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.acquired

B.trained

C.inherent

D.tested

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Thecontradictoryanswersofchildrenarehardtounderstand.

B.Childreninagamehaveaquickerresponsetopromptingquestions.

C.Youngerchildrenhaveastrongersenseofsmellthanolderones.

D.Inexperimentschildren’sanswersmaysometimesbeunreliable.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.relyonearlierexperiencesinjudginganobject

B.areinsensitivetosize,weightandshape

C.cannotrecognizethesizeofstyrofoamballs

D.canunderstandwhattheballismadeof

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.pupils

B.adults

C.children

D.researchers

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.overthrowtheexistingtheoriesconcerningthesexdifferenceinsmelling

B.supportthesecondexplanationthathormonesplayarole

C.thinkthatmaturegirlsarelesssensitivetosmellsthanchildren

D.agreethatchildren’ssensitivitytosmellisnurtured

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】31.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

31.Accordingtothetext,itiswell-knownthatoursenseofsmellis______.31.根據(jù)文章，眾所周知，我們的嗅覺是______。

A.acquiredA.后天習(xí)得的

B.trainedB.訓(xùn)練出來的

C.inherentC.與生俱來的

D.testedD.被測(cè)試的

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)第二段第一句“研究表明，我們通過經(jīng)驗(yàn)（byexperience）學(xué)會(huì)區(qū)分令人愉悅的和令人不快的氣味”，從中我們可知，嗅覺是后天通過經(jīng)驗(yàn)獲得的。所以，A項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B選項(xiàng)沒有提到，屬于無中生有；

C選項(xiàng)與文章相反，屬于反向干擾；

D選項(xiàng)只是實(shí)驗(yàn)內(nèi)容，屬于出處錯(cuò)位。

32.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

32.WhichwouldHilarySchmidtmostprobablyagreeto?32.希拉里?施密特最有可能同意哪一個(gè)？

A.Thecontradictoryanswersofchildrenarehardtounderstand.A.孩子們相互矛盾的回答讓人難以理解。

B.Childreninagamehaveaquickerresponsetopromptingquestions.B.游戲中的孩子對(duì)提示性問題的反應(yīng)更快。

C.Youngerchildrenhaveastrongersenseofsmellthanolderones.C.小一點(diǎn)的孩子的嗅覺比大一點(diǎn)的孩子強(qiáng)。

D.Inexperimentschildren’sanswersmaysometimesbeunreliable.D.在實(shí)驗(yàn)中，孩子們的答案有時(shí)是不可靠的。

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)第三段第三句“她指出，五歲以下的孩子通常會(huì)回答‘是’，即使答案是矛盾的”，從中可知，即便答案可能是矛盾的，孩子們?cè)诨卮饡r(shí)通常都會(huì)回答“是”，從而推斷，孩子們的答案并不是可靠的。因此，該題選擇D項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)定位第三段第一句“心理學(xué)家希拉里?施密特認(rèn)為這項(xiàng)研究難以接受是可以理解的（understandably）”可知，該項(xiàng)與原文相反，屬于反向干擾；

B選項(xiàng)沒有提到，屬于無中生有；

C選項(xiàng)在文中并沒有進(jìn)行比較，屬于無中生有。

33.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

33.Schmidt’sstyrofoamandleadballexperimentshowsthatyoungerchildren______.33.施密特的泡沫塑料和鉛球?qū)嶒?yàn)表明，更小的孩子______。

A.relyonearlierexperiencesinjudginganobjectA.在判斷物體時(shí)依賴于早期的經(jīng)驗(yàn)

B.areinsensitivetosize,weightandshapeB.對(duì)大小、重量和形狀不敏感

C.cannotrecognizethesizeofstyrofoamballsC.無法識(shí)別聚苯乙烯泡沫塑料球的大小

D.canunderstandwha