2023屆安徽省合肥市巢湖市高考英語一模試卷含解析

2023高考英語模擬試卷考生請(qǐng)注意：1．答題前請(qǐng)將考場(chǎng)、試室號(hào)、座位號(hào)、考生號(hào)、姓名寫在試卷密封線內(nèi)，不得在試卷上作任何標(biāo)記。2．第一部分選擇題每小題選出答案后，需將答案寫在試卷指定的括號(hào)內(nèi)，第二部分非選擇題答案寫在試卷題目指定的位置上。3．考生必須保證答題卡的整潔?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，請(qǐng)將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分（共20小題，每小題1.5分，滿分30分）1．Theathletes,especiallythewinners,shouldremainmodest________rapidprogresstheyhavemade.A．whatever B．howeverC．howmuch D．nomatter2．-Oh,wehavefinishedourtaskandcanhaveagoodrest．-________．Ourmanagertookanotherorderyesterday．A．Yes,itwill B．Idon'ttakemuchofitC．It'spossible D．It'shardtosay3．Asurveyoftheopinionsofexperts_________thatthreehoursofoutdoorexerciseaweek________goodforone’shealth.A．show;are B．shows;isC．show;is D．shows;are4．Thepicturelooksgood____thewhitewall.A．with B．to C．a(chǎn)gainst D．beyond5．It’snearlyfouryearssinceIworkedinthatfirm.I________abandwithotherfellows.A．operated B．hadbeenoperatingC．wasoperating D．a(chǎn)moperating6．Afterclass,theteachercouldn’tleave,bythestudents.A．surrounded B．tosurroundC．wassurrounded D．surrounding7．---_____shouldwelookdownuponthepoor.---I’mwithyouonthat.A．Byallmeans B．Byanymeans C．Bymeansof D．Bynomeans8．Thegovernor’sstatementonemployment________astormofcriticism,A．setupB．setoutC．setaboutD．setoff9．TheWinterOlympics________in2022willsurelybringinmanyinternationaltourists.A．heldB．havingheldC．holdingD．tobeheld10．Self-confidenceisakindofqualityandthatisittakestodoeverythingwell.A．why B．thatC．what D．which11．Don’tbejoking.It’stimeto______yourbusiness.A．setout B．takeup C．goon D．getdown12．______isimportantinstudyisdiligenceratherthanintelligence.A．Which B．WhatC．Who D．When13．_____areceptiontocelebratethe68thanniversaryofthefoundingofthePeople'sRepublicofChina，vicepremierLiuattachedimportancetomutuallybeneficialcooperationbetweenUSAandChina．A．Addressing B．AddressedC．Beingaddressed D．Toaddress14．—TheKiwifruitsinthissupermarketare_______salenow,andtheyaresold______thepound.—Really?Howmuchcheaperarethey?A．for;in B．on;by C．for,by D．on,in15．JustinabookabouthisadventuresinTibet．Ihopehecanfindagoodpublisherwhenitisfinished．A．waswriting B．iscurrentlywriting C．hasalreadywritten D．wrote16．—Iamputtingonweightagain!MaybeIshouldstartdoingyoga.—You_______thatthewholemorning!A．a(chǎn)resayingB．havesaidC．havebeensayingD．weresaying17．IamabetterreaderthisyearthanIwaslastyearbecauseI________tohundredsofnewconceptsandideas.A．haveexposedB．hadbeenexposedC．havebeenexposedD．wasexposed18．That’swhyIhelpbrightenpeople’sdays.Ifyou________,who’stosaythatanotherpersonwill?A．didn’t B．don’tC．weren’t D．haven’t19．We______becarefulwiththewordswesaywhenweareangry.A．may B．can C．might D．should20．Scientistshavemanytheoriesabouthowtheuniverseintobeing.A．came B．wascoming C．hadcome D．wouldcome第二部分閱讀理解（滿分40分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。21．（6分）“Facts”ThatAreFalseThe$100billisthebiggestbillincirculation.Althoughthefederalgovernmentstoppedprintingthemin1945,currencynotesof$500,$1,000,$5,000,and$10,000arestilllegaltender.Mostofthemhavebeensnatchedupbyprivatecollectors.BetweenDecember18,1934,andJanuary9,1935,thegovernmentputout$100,000notes.However,theywereonlyfortransactionsbetweenFederalReservebanksandneverwentouttothegeneralpublic.TheSaharaistheworld’slargestdesert.Technically,Antarcticais.TheU.S.GeologicalSurveydefinesadesertas“drylandwitharainfallofusuallylessthanteninchesperyearthatsupportsonlysparsevegetationandalimitedpopulationofpeopleandanimals.”Antarcticaaveragesonlysixinchesofrainayear(mostlyassnow)andisalmost5.5millionsquaremiles.TheSaharaisonly3.3millionsquaremiles.Thegreenpasteservedwithyoursushiiswasabi.Wasabiisexpensiveanddifficulttogrow.Sinceit’sinthesamefamily,mostrestaurantsandfoodcompaniesusehorseradish(withfoodcoloring)instead.RealwasabiismorecomplexandsweeterthanwhatyougetinatypicalJapaneserestaurant._______________________________________Theostricheswouldsuffocate(窒息)iftheydid.Ifanenemyisapproaching,afrightenedostrichwilllayitsheadandneckflatagainstthegroundasacamouflage(偽裝)ploy.Somehumanonlookershaveassumedthatthebirds’light-coloredheadswereactuallyinthesand.343、WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．Asotherbiggerbillsareoutofprint,the$100billisstillthebiggestone.B．Antarcticawithverylittlerainfallisconsideredasthelargestdesert.C．Horseradishcanbesubstitutedwithwasabiforthesimilartasteandcolor.D．Anostrichoftenusesitsheadasaweapontofightagainstitsenemy.1、Whichofthefollowingisthebestfitfortheblank?A．Ostrichescanbreatheinthesand.B．Ostricheshaveverysmartbrains.C．Ostrichesburytheirheadsinthesand.D．Theostrich’sheadisthelightestintheworld.22．（8分）HereisarecordofthediscussionaboutAI(artificialintelligence)conductedbyseveralscientists.ScientistA:IwouldsaythatwearequitealongwayoffdevelopingtheAI,thoughIdothinkitwillhappenwithinthenextthirtyorfortyyears.Wewillprobablyremainincontroloftechnologyanditwillhelpussolvemanyoftheworld’sproblems.However,noonereallyknowswhatwillhappenifmachinesbecomemoreintelligentthanhumans.Theymayhelpus,ignoreusordestroyus.ItendtobelieveAIwillhaveapositiveinfluenceonourfuturelives,butwhetherthatistruewillbepartlyuptous.ScientistsB:Ihavetoadmitthatthepotentialconsequencesofcreatingsomethingthatcanmatchorgobeyondhumanintelligencefrightenme.Evennow,scientistsareteachingcomputershowtolearnontheirown.Atsomepointinthenearfuture,theirintelligencemaywelltakeoffanddevelopatanever-increasingspeed.Humanbeingsevolvebiologicallyveryslowlyandwecouldbequicklysubstituted.Intheshortterm,thereisthedangerthatrobotswilltakeovermillionsofhumanjobs,creatingalargeunderclassofunemployedpeople.Thiscouldmeanlarge-scalepovertyandsocialunrest.Inthelongtermmachinesmightdecidetheworldwouldbebetterwithouthumans.ScientistsC:I’mamemberofthecampaigntoStopKillerRobots.ForgetthemovieimageofaterrifyingTerminatorstampingonhumanskullsandthinkofwhat’shappeningrightnow:militarymachineslikedrones,gunturretsandsentryrobotsarealreadybeingusedtokillwithverylittlehumaninput.Thenextstepwillbeautonomous“murderbots”followingordersbutfinallydecidingwhotokillontheirown.Itseemscleartomethatthiswouldbeextremelydangerousforhumans.Weneedtobeverycautiousindeedaboutwhatweaskmachinestodo.1、WhatisScientistsBworriedabout?A．AItechnologywilldestroytheearth.B．Computerscan’tthinkbythemselves.C．Robotswilltaketheplaceofhumans.D．Humanswillbeunhappywithoutmachines.2、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“this”inthelastparagraphreferto?A．IlaunchthecampaigntoStopKillerRobots.B．WeforgetthemovieimageofaterrifyingTerminator.C．“Murderbots”can’tdecidebythemselves.D．“Murderbots”willbeagainsthuman’sorders.3、WhichstatementisRIGHTaccordingtotherecord?A．ScientistAthinksAItechnologywillneverdevelop.B．TheemploymentwillbeaffectedbyAItechnologyinthefuture.C．“Murderbots”willfollowtheordersoftheirmanufacturesinthewars.D．AllthethreescientistsagreethatAItechnologywillbenefithumanbeings.4、Whoagree(s)AIhasmorenegativeaspectsthanpositiveaspects?A．ScientistA B．ScientistBC．ScientistsB&C D．ScientistsB&A23．（8分）Wehumansaresweetonsugar.Thatmakessense.Allanimalsneedsugartolive.It'sthefuelthatpowersourcells.Soit'snotsurprisingthatwe'reborntowantthesweetstuff.Sugarstoresthesun'senergylikeabattery.Afterameal,yourbodybreaksdownfoodsintotheirbuildingblocks.Itusessomesugarsforenergyrightaway.Therestgetstoredforthebodytobreakdownlater.It'samyththatsugarmakesyouextremelyexcited,buthavingasugarysnackcangiveyouaquickburstofenergy.That'sbecausethesugarsinsweetfoodsareeasyforyourbodytoturnintofuel.Whenyoueatotherkindsoffoods,likevegetables,ittakeslongerforyourbodytobreakthesugarsdown.Thesedaysit'seasytofindsweetsnacks.Sodas,candy,cakesandevenfoodsthatseemhealthy,suchasyogurt,canbepackedwithsugar.Foodmakersaddsugar,becausetheyknowthattohumans,sweetmakeseverythingtastebetter.Americanseatabout3teaspoonsofextrasugareveryday.That'swaymorethanwhatisgoodforus.Eatingtoomuchsugarcancausemorethanastomach-ache.Itcanmakepeopleoverweight,decaytheteethandevencausediabetes.However,expertsaren'tworriedaboutnaturallysweetfoods-theproblemisaddedsugar.Sogoaheadandenjoyasweetappleorevenasugar-richcarrotthatarealsofullofvitaminsandothergoodstuff.Evencakeisgreatonceinawhile,aslongasyoudon'toverdoit.Afterall,noonewantslifetobedull.Andyourbodyneedsitsfuel!1、Thefirsttwoparagraphsaremainlydevelopedby_'A．causeandeffect.B．problemandsolution.C．givingexamples.D．makingcomparisons.2、Peoplemaybetnckedintoeatingtoomuchsugarbecause.A．noonewantslifetobeboring.B．we'reborntowantthesweetstuff.C．so-calledhealthyfoodcanbepackedwithsugar.D．sugaristhefuelfortheplantsandanimalsontheEarth.3、WhatdoestheauthorwanttostressinPara.4?A．We'dbettersaynotosweetfoods.B．Expertsareworriedaboutaddedsugar.C．Eatingtoomuchsugarisbadforourhealth.D．We'dbetterconsumesugarfromnaturalsources.4、Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．SugarIsEverywhere.B．SugarBringsHappiness.C．WhyDoesSugarTasteSogood?D．WhyDoesSugarMakeUsFat?24．（8分）LUKLA,Nepal(Xinhua)–Qomolangma,knownasMountEverestintheWest,oncenegativelyrecognizedasthe“world’shighestjunkyard”,issettobecomecleaneras30,000porters（搬運(yùn)工）havebeenmobilized（動(dòng)員）forwastecollectionanddisposalfromthemountain’ssouthernside.ThecleanupdrivewaslaunchedrecentlynearLuklaairport,oneoftheworld’smostdangerousairportsyetavitalgatewaytotheworld’shighestpeak.“OurmajortaskistokeepEverest,whichistheprideoftheworld,clean.Thiscampaignaimstotransport100tonsofnonburnablegarbagefromtheEverestregiontoKathmanduin2018,”AngDorjeSherpa,chairmanoftheSagarmathaPollutionControlCommitteesaid.TheSPCC,anenvironmentalconversationorganization,hasmadeitmandatory（強(qiáng)制性）since2013thateveryclimbershouldcarrydown8kilogramsoftrash,butfortrekkers（旅行者）thereisnosuchregulation.Duetothis,morethan100tonsofwastegetscollectedintheregionannually.AccordingtoNepalesegovernmentstatistics,nearly50,000domesticandforeigntrekkersvisittheQomolangmaregionannually,whilemorethan400mountaineersattempttoscalethepeak.Thecollectedwastemostlyincludesemptybeerbottlesandcans,oxygenbottles,torntentsandsleepingbags,foodbins,anddiscardedmountaineeringandtrekkingequipment.Thetrashwascollectedbylocalgroupsinmorethanadozenvillageswhilethewastewastransporteddownthemountaininsacks（麻布袋）byportersandyak-hybridanimalsaszopkyos.Thecleanupcoveredsettlementsfromupto5,000metersnearthebasecamp,toLuklaairportlocatedatanaltitudeof2,805meters.Onthefirstdayofthecampaign,severaltonsofwastewassentofftoKathmandofromLulkaonplanesbelongingtoTaraAirlines,oneoftheleadingprivateairlinesinNepal.Theairlineshavesetanambitioustargetofflyingout100tonsofwastefromtheregionin2018,asapartofitscommitmenttotheUNSustainableDevelopmentGoalsagainstclimatechange.Thecompany’sCEOUmeshChandraRaisaid:“Wehopethatthiscampaignwillhelpthelocalpeopletomaintainapristine（原始的）,naturalandunspoiledenvironmentsothatmoretrekkerswillcomefromeverywhere,makingthetrekkingindustryheremoresustainable.”1、What’sthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?A．ThebasicsituationofMountEverest.B．Theintroductionoftheclean-upcampaign.C．Theuniquewaytopreventenvironmentpollution.D．Thedescriptionofthemostdangerousairportintheword.2、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“this”inparagraph3referto?A．Theruleforvisitorsmadebythelocaltravelagencies.B．Theclean-upcampaignlaunchedbyAngDorjeSherpa.C．ThedemandfortheclimbersmadebytheSPCCsince2013.D．ThelawforthelocalpeoplemadebytheNepalesegovernment.3、Howdoestheauthorindicatethattheclean-upcampaignisverytough?A．Bylistingfigures.B．Bymakingcomparisons.C．Bygivingsomeexamples.D．Byanalyzingsomecauses.4、What’sUmeshChandraRai’sattitudetowardstheclean-upcampaign?A．Doubtful.B．Curious.C．Enthusiastic.D．Unfavorable.25．（10分）Eco-ResortManagementEcotourismisoftenregardedasaformofnature-basedtourismandhasbecomeanimportantalternativesourceoftourists.Inadditiontoprovidingthetraditionalresort-leisureproduct,ithasbeenarguedthatecotourismresort(度假村)managementshouldhaveaparticularfocusonbest-practiceenvironmentalmanagement.CouranCoveResortissuchatouristattractionlocatedonSouthStradbrokeIsland,Australia.Sustainable(可持續(xù)的)PracticesofCouranCoveResortSouthStradbrokeIslandisseparatedfromthemainlandbytheBroadwater,whichishometoawiderangeofplantcommunities.Locatedontheoffshoreisland,theResortisonlyaccessiblebymeansofwatertransportation.Itprovideshourlyferryservicefromtheharbouronthemainlandtoandfromtheisland.WithintheResort,transportmodesincludewalkingtrails,bicycletracksandthebeachtrain.Thereceptionareaisthecounteroftheshopwhichhasnotchangedin8yearsatleast.Theaccommodationisanoctagonal(八角形的)building.Thesearelargeroomsthatarecleanbuttheequipmentisoldandinsomecasesjustworking.Theceilingfanonlyworksathighspeedforexample.Bedsarehardbutclean.Thereisatelevision,aradio,anoldairconditionerandasmallfridgeineachroom.Asanecotourism-basedresort,mostoftheplanninganddevelopmentoftheattractionhasbeenconcentratedontheneedtoco-existwiththenaturalenvironmentofSouthStradbrokeIslandtoachievesustainabledevelopment.WaterandEnergyManagementThereisgroundwateratthecentreoftheisland,whichhasamaximumheightof3metresabovesealevel.Thewatersupplyisrechargedbyrainfallandiscommonlyknownasanfreshwateraquifer(含水層).CouranCoveIslandResortobtainsitswatersupplybytappingintothisaquiferandcollectingitthroughapipe.Inordertonarrowthewateruses,alllaundryactivitiesarecarriedoutonthemainland.TheResortusesLPGpowerstationratherthanafueloilstationforitsenergysupply,supplemented(補(bǔ)充)bywindpower,whichhasreducedgreenhouseemissionsby70%.Hotwaterintheeco-cabinsandforsomeoftheResort?svehiclesissolar-powered.Waterefficientfittingsarealsoinstalledinshowersandtoilets.VisitorswhostayattheResortareencouragedtomonitortheirwaterandenergyusagebyanin-housetelevisionsystem,andarerewardedwithprizes(suchasafreereturntriptotheResort)accordinglyiftheirusagelevelislow.EvaluationInthreeyearsofoperation,CouranCoveIslandResorthaswon23internationalandnationalawards.Ithaseffectivelyimplementedcontemporaryenvironmentalmanagementpractices.However,theResort?sgrowthwilleventuallybelimitedbyitscarryingcapacity,andquantitycontrolshouldbeincorporatedinthemanagementstrategyoftheResort.1、Inordertoachievesustainabledevelopment,theResort.A．cancelsthetransportationserviceB．researchesintoplantcommunitiesC．provideshighqualityaccommodationD．operatesinharmonywithitsnaturalsurroundings2、WhatisappliedforheatingwateronCouranCoveIslandResort?A．TheLPGpower. B．Thepetropower.C．Thesolarpower. D．Thewindpower.3、Accordingtothestudy,inthefuturewhatshouldtheResortfocuson?A．Increasingthesupplyoffreshwater.B．Meetingtheneedofinternationalguests.C．Improvingthetourismentertainmentprojects.D．LimitingthenumberofthegueststotheResort.4、FromthepassagewecanknowthatCouranCoveIslandResort.A．suffershugelossinnaturalresourcesB．a(chǎn)chievessuccessineco-resortmanagementC．setsagoodexampleforprofit-makingbusinessD．raisesstandardsinguest-monitoringmanagement第三部分語言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)．26．（30分）TheYouthCommissionmeetingonlyjuststarted;Ididn’tevenwanttothinkaboutthepilesofhomeworksittingonmydeskathome.Ididn'twantedto1theyouthinvolvementintheannualholidayparadeinthemeeting,muchless2thespeechofRayD．RayD．cametoeverymeetingoftheYouthCommission.Thelocalpapers3himas“athorninpublicofficial’sside-open,honestandoveractive.”Hegavehimselfthe4of“CitizenRay”andevenworeabaseballcapwiththisnameprintedonthefront.Hecametothemeetingsand5unsafebikelanesandnoisecomplaints,6theyhadnothingtodowithour7andwecoulddonothingaboutthem.Healwayswentoverthetwo-minutelimitforguestspeakers,andwouldnotstop8untiloneofustoldhimhis9wasup.Aftercountlessnightsofstayinguptofinishmy10becauseofmeetingsthatran11,largelyduetodistractionsprovidedbyCitizenRay,Ibegantohatehis12.WhydidhewastehistimewiththeYouthCommission,whenwecouldn’t13himwithallofhisissues?14,weplannedyouthforumsandrelayedinformationaboutthetowngovernmenttoourpeers;wedidn’tfixproblemsorgiveoutbuildingpermitsthatheseemedto15.Ittookmeseveralmonthsto16understandthemotivationsofCitizenRay.Mostpeopleintheirlateseventiesare17toleavetheworkplaceandliveintherelaxationprovidedby18.RayD．,however,consideredparticipatinginthepublicgoodashisdutyasa(n)19.Hiseffortsshouldbeadmired,nothated.Afterall,Rayismotivated,dedicatedandambitious.Hispersistenceand20wouldprovevaluableinanyfieldofstudyorwork,andIrealizedIshouldvaluehispresence.1、A．continue B．enjoy C．remember D．discuss2、A．dependon B．waitfor C．listento D．referto3、A．characterized B．treated C．invited D．employed4、A．gift B．title C．position D．purpose5、A．pickedup B．wrotedown C．thoughtof D．talkedabout6、A．a(chǎn)s B．unless C．eventhough D．a(chǎn)sif7、A．duties B．records C．opportunities D．tastes8、A．performing B．speaking C．judging D．struggling9、A．show B．power C．time D．topic10、A．service B．report C．collection D．homework11、A．quietly B．frequently C．late D．a(chǎn)gain12、A．presence B．problem C．response D．a(chǎn)dvantage13、A．provide B．help C．reward D．a(chǎn)ssociate14、A．Afterall B．Atlast C．Inall D．Forinstance15、A．observe B．change C．cause D．need16、A．naturally B．a(chǎn)ccidentally C．finally D．temporarily17、A．lucky B．brave C．safe D．happy18、A．school B．pension C．travel D．donation19、A．customer B．citizen C．professor D．officer20、A．determination B．skill C．freedom D．independence第二節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。27．（15分）Thebeautifulcanola(油菜)flowersinspringattractedalargenumberofvisitorstoHanzhong,acityinthesouthofwesternShaanxiprovince.Thecity’s9thannualcanolaflowerfestival1．(start)onMarch13andendedonMay1,2018.Thereweremorethan600squarekilometersofcanolafieldsinHanzhong,2．createduniquescenery.About50observationspots3．(design)forthetouriststhroughoutthecity.第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)短文改錯(cuò)（滿分10分）28．（10分）WhenIwaslittle,Friday’snightwasourfamilygamenight、Aftersupper,wewouldplaycardgamesofallsortinthesittingroom、Asthekid,Ilovedtowatchcartoons,butnomatterhowmanytimesIaskedtowatchingthem,myparentswouldnottoletme、Theywouldsaytousthatplayingcardgameswouldhelpmybrain、StillIunwillingtoplaythegamesforthemsometimes、Ididn’trealizehowrightmyparentsareuntilIenteredhighschool、ThegamesmyparentstaughtmewhereIwasachildturnedouttobeveryusefullaterinmylife、第二節(jié)書面表達(dá)（滿分25分）29．（25分）假如你是李華，你的美國網(wǎng)友Peter參加中國象棋網(wǎng)絡(luò)挑戰(zhàn)賽獲得了一等獎(jiǎng)。請(qǐng)根據(jù)以下提示寫一封英文電子郵件向他表示祝賀。1