考研考博-英語-廈門海洋職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解2

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-廈門海洋職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Circustigers,althoughtheyhavebeentamed,can（）attacktheirtrainer.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.unexpectedly

B.deliberately

C.reluctantly

D.subsequently

【答案】A

【解析】詞義辨折題。Unexpectedly意外地,

出乎意料地；deliberately故意地，謹(jǐn)慎地；reluctantly不情愿地,嫌惡地；subsequently隨后,

后來。句意：盡管馬戲團(tuán)里的老虎已經(jīng)被馴服，卻能出人意料地攻擊它們的馴獸師。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

2.單選題

Atlastsheleftherhouseandhurriedtotheairportonly______theplaneflyingaway.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.saw

B.seen

C.seeing

D.tosee

【答案】D

【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：最后她離開了家，匆忙趕往機(jī)場(chǎng)，卻只看見飛機(jī)飛走了。only+現(xiàn)在分詞（短語）和only+不定式（短語）都可作結(jié)果狀語，跟現(xiàn)在分詞往往表示一種自然的合乎邏輯的結(jié)果，而跟不定式往往表示一種出乎意料的或令人失望的結(jié)果，僅限于少數(shù)終止性動(dòng)詞，如find，hear，learn，make，see等。only到句尾部分是結(jié)果狀語，匆忙趕往機(jī)場(chǎng)卻未能如愿登機(jī)，是令人失望的結(jié)果，D選項(xiàng)tosee符合題意。A選項(xiàng)saw是一般過去時(shí)，作謂語動(dòng)詞，不作非謂語動(dòng)詞；B選項(xiàng)seen是過去分詞，不單獨(dú)使用；C選項(xiàng)onlyseeing表示合乎邏輯的結(jié)果，含有意料之中的意思，不存在失望的情況，不符合語境。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

3.單選題

Thecarwasingoodworking（）whenIboughtitafewmonthsago.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.order

B.form

C.state

D.circumstance

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)order表示“條理，順序，命令”，B選項(xiàng)form表示“形態(tài)，方式，外形，表格”，C選項(xiàng)state表示“狀態(tài)，狀況”，D選項(xiàng)circumstance表示“情況，環(huán)境，經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況”。

由句意可知，我?guī)讉€(gè)月前買這輛車時(shí)候，它的運(yùn)作狀態(tài)還是很好的。短語ingoodorder表示“性能良好”；而ingoodform表示“很健康、高興，狀態(tài)佳”，常用來形容人；其余選項(xiàng)則沒有這樣的搭配。因此，本題正確答案為A選項(xiàng)。

4.單選題

Questions26to30arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Before,wheneverwehadwealth,westarteddiscussingpoverty.Whynotnow?Whyisthecurrentpoliticsofwealthandpovertyseeminglyaboutwealthalone?Eightyearsago,whenBillClintonfirstranforpresident,theDowJonesaveragewasunder3,500,yearlyfederalbudgetdeficitswereprojectedathundredsofbillionsofdollarsforeverandbeyond,andnoonetalkedaboutthe“permanentboom”orthe“neweconomy”.Yetinthatmorestraitenedtime,Clintonmademuchoftheimportanceof“notleavingasinglepersonbehind”.Itispossiblethatsimilar“compassionate”rhetoricmightyetplayaroleinthegeneralelection.

Butitisstrikinghowmuchlesstalkthereisaboutthepoorthantherewaseightyearsago,whenthecountrywaseconomicallyuncertain,orinpreviouseras,whenthecountyfeltflush.Evenlastsummer,whenClintonspentseveraldaysonaremarkabletourthroughimpoverishedareasfromIndianreservationsinSouthDakotatoghettoneighborhoodsinEastSt.Louis,theadministrationdecidedtorefertotheeffortnotasapovertytourbutasa“newmarketinitiative”.

Whatishappeningispartlyalogical,policy-drivenreaction.Povertyreallyislowerthanithasbeenindecades,especiallyforminoritygroups.Themostattractivesolutiontoit—agrowingeconomy—isbeingapplied.Thepeoplewhohavebeentotallyleftoutofthisboomoftenhavemedical,mentalorotherproblemsforwhichnoonehasanimmediatesolution.“Theeconomyhassuckedinanyonewhohasanypreparation,anyabilitytocopewithmodernlife,”saysFranklinD.Raines,theformerdirectoroftheOfficeofManagementandBudgetwhoisnowheadofFannieMac.Whenheandotherpeoplewhospecializeintheissuetalkaboutsolutions,theytalkanalyticallyandonalongtermbasis:education,developmentofworksill,shiftsinthelabormarket,andadjustmentsinwelfarereform.

ButIthinkthereisanotherforcethathasmadethisaricherawithbarelyvisiblepoorpeople.ItistheunusualsocialandimaginativeseparationbetweenprosperousAmericaandthosestillleftout.It’ssimpleinvisibilitybecauseofincreasinggeographic,occupational,andsocialbarriersthatblockonegroupfromtheother’sview.

26.Whatdoestheword“straitened”inthefirstparagraphmean?

27.Whatisoneimportantreasonwhywedonottalkmuchaboutpovertyaccordingtotheauthor?

28.Whatcanbeconcludedfromthepassage?

29.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthispassage?

30.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Straightforward

B.Wealthy

C.Distant

D.Difficult

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Nooneknowswhattodoaboutit.

B.Noonehasbeenleftoutofthecurrentboom.

C.Povertyreallyislowerthaninthepast.

D.Thepresidentisnotconcernedaboutthepoor.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Therelationshipbetweentherichandthepoorhaschanged.

B.Weshouldpaymoreattentiontopoverty.

C.Thegoodeconomywillsoonend.

D.Allpeoplebenefitfromgoodeconomicconditions.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Toentertain.

B.Topersuade.

C.Totellastory.

D.Todescribe.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Weweremoreawareofthepoorinthepastthanwearetoday.

B.Thepoorarebenefitingfromtoday’sgoodeconomy.

C.Thecountryisenjoyingeconomicgrowth.

D.Thereweremanymorepoorpeoplethantherearetoday.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】26.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】語義推測(cè)題。由題干定位到文章第一段中的“yearlyfederalbudgetdeficitswereprojectedathundredsofbillionsofdollarsforeverandbeyond每年的聯(lián)邦預(yù)算赤字預(yù)計(jì)將永遠(yuǎn)達(dá)到數(shù)千億美元，甚至更高”和“Yetinthatmorestraitenedtime,Clintonmademuchoftheimportanceof‘notleavingasinglepersonbehind’.然而，在這段更緊張的時(shí)間里，克林頓強(qiáng)調(diào)了‘不讓一個(gè)人掉隊(duì)’的重要性?！笨赏浦猻traitened有“貧困的，困難的”的意思，所以D項(xiàng)difficult“困難的”正確。A項(xiàng)“簡單的；坦率的”；B項(xiàng)“富有的”；C項(xiàng)“遙遠(yuǎn)的；冷漠的”；D項(xiàng)“困難的”，因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

27.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干定位到文章第三段中的第二句“Povertyreallyislowerthanithasbeenindecades,especiallyforminoritygroups.貧困率確實(shí)比過去幾十年都要低，尤其是對(duì)少數(shù)群體而言?！笨芍狢項(xiàng)“貧困率確實(shí)比過去低?！闭_。A項(xiàng)“沒有人知道該怎么做?！保籅項(xiàng)“沒有人被排除在當(dāng)前的繁榮之外?！?；C項(xiàng)“貧困率確實(shí)比過去低?！?；D項(xiàng)“總統(tǒng)不關(guān)心窮人。”，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

28.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干定位到文章最后一段中的第一句“ButIthinkthereisanotherforcethathasmadethisaricherawithbarelyvisiblepoorpeople.但我認(rèn)為，還有另一種力量，使這個(gè)時(shí)代成為一個(gè)窮人幾乎不見蹤影的富裕時(shí)代?！笨赏浦狝項(xiàng)“富人和窮人之間的關(guān)系發(fā)生了變化?！闭_，除A項(xiàng)之外的其他選項(xiàng)文中并未提及。A項(xiàng)“富人和窮人之間的關(guān)系發(fā)生了變化?！?；B項(xiàng)“我們應(yīng)該更加關(guān)注貧困問題?！?；C項(xiàng)“良好的經(jīng)濟(jì)將很快結(jié)束?！?；D項(xiàng)“所有人都從良好的經(jīng)濟(jì)條件中受益?！?，因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

29.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】作者意圖題。結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，這篇文章是作者在闡述為什么現(xiàn)在人們不去討論“貧困”，和為什么這個(gè)時(shí)代成為一個(gè)窮人幾乎不見蹤影的富裕時(shí)代。A項(xiàng)“娛樂”，B項(xiàng)“說服”，文章并未體現(xiàn)。C項(xiàng)“講故事”，不符合。D項(xiàng)“描述”，符合題意。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

30.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】主旨大意題。結(jié)合全文知，A項(xiàng)“我們過去比現(xiàn)在更關(guān)注窮人?！盉項(xiàng)“窮人正受益于今天良好的經(jīng)濟(jì)?！蔽刺峒?。C項(xiàng)“這個(gè)國家正在享受經(jīng)濟(jì)增長。”，D項(xiàng)“當(dāng)時(shí)的窮人比現(xiàn)在多很多?！睆奈闹械牡谝欢巍癇efore,wheneverwehadwealth,westarteddiscussingpoverty.Whynotnow?”以前，當(dāng)我們有了財(cái)富，我們就會(huì)開始討論貧窮。為什么現(xiàn)在不討論了呢？由此可知，A選項(xiàng)符合。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

5.單選題

______wasnotourconcern.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Nomatterhowhemightpasstheexamination

B.Whetherhepassedtheexaminationornot

C.Thoughhemightpasstheexamination

D.Whilehepassedtheexamination

【答案】B

【解析】考查主語從句。句意：他考試及格與否不關(guān)我們的事。橫線部分為主語從句。B選項(xiàng)Whetherhepassedtheexaminationornot中whether…ornot“無論，是否”，符合題意。A選項(xiàng)Nomatterhowhemightpasstheexamination去掉might選項(xiàng)符合語法，翻譯成：無論他怎樣通過考試。C選項(xiàng)Thoughhemightpasstheexamination中though“盡管”，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，不符合語境。D選項(xiàng)Whilehepassedtheexamination中while“當(dāng)……的時(shí)候”，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，不符合語境。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

6.單選題

WhydosomanyAmericansdistrustwhattheyreadintheirnewspapers?TheAmericanSocietyofNewspaperEditorsistryingtoanswerthispainfulquestion.Theorganizationisdeepintoalongself-analysisknownasthejournalismcredibilityproject.

Sadtosay,thisprojecthasturnedouttobemostlylow-levelfindingsaboutfactualerrorsandspellingandgrammarmistakes,combinedwithlotsofhead-scratchingpuzzlementaboutwhatintheworldthosereadersreallywant.

Butthesourcesofdistrustgowaydeeper.Mostjournalistslearntoseetheworldthroughasetofstandardpatternsintowhichtheyplugeachday’sevents.Inotherwords,thereisaconventionalstorylineinthenewsroomculturethatprovidesabackboneandaready-madenarrativestructureforotherwiseconfusingnews.

Thereexistsasocialandculturaldisconnectionbetweenjournalistsandtheirreaders,whichhelpsexplainwhythe“standardpatterns”ofthenewsroomseemalientomanyreaders.Inarecentsurvey,questionnairesweresenttoreportersinfivemiddle-sizedcitiesaroundthecountry,plusonelargemetropolitanarea.Thenresidentsinthesecommunitieswerephonedatrandomandaskedthesamequestions.

RepliesshowthatcomparedwithotherAmericans,journalistsaremorelikelytoliveinupscaleneighborhoods,havemaids,ownMercedeses(奔馳車),andtradestocks,andtheyarelesslikelytogotochurch,dovolunteerwork,orputdownrootsinacommunity.

Reporterstendtobepartofabroadlydefinedsocialandculturalelite,sotheirworktendstoreflecttheconventionalvaluesofthiselite.Theastonishingdistrustofthenewsmediaisn’trootedininaccuracyorpoorreportorialskillsbutinthedailyclashofworldviewsbetweenreportersandtheirreaders.

Thisisanexplosivesituationforanyindustry,particularlyadecliningone.Hereisatroubledbusinessthatkeepshiringemployeeswhoseattitudesvastlyannoythecustomers.Thenitsponsorslotsofsymposiums(討論會(huì))andacredibilityprojectdedicatedtowonderingwhycustomersareannoyedandfleeinginlargenumbers.Butitneverseemstogetaroundtonoticingtheculturalandclassbiasesthatsomanyformerbuyersarecomplainingabout.Ifitdid,itwouldopenupitsdiversityprogram,nowfocusednarrowlyonraceandgender,andlookforreporterswhodifferbroadlybyoutlook,values,education,andclass.

1.Thepassageismainlyabout______.

2.Theresultsofthejournalismcredibilityprojectturnedouttobe______.

3.Asforthesurvey,whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?

4.Thebasicproblemofjournalistsaspointedoutbythewriterliesintheir______.

5.Despiteitsefforts,thenewspaperindustrystillcannotsatisfythereadersowingtoits______.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.needsofthereadersallovertheworld

B.causesofthepublicdisappointmentaboutnewspapers

C.originsofthedecliningnewspaperindustry

D.aimsofajournalismcredibilityproject

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.quitetrustworthy

B.somewhatcontradictory

C.veryfunning

D.rathersuperficial

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Theresidentstobesurveyedaredecidedbeforehand.

B.Theresidentsin5citiesaresurveyed.

C.Thesurveyshowsthatreportersandtheirreaderssharethesamelifestyle.

D.Therepliesoftheresidentsshowthatchurchisprobablytheirhaunts.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.workingattitude

B.lackofreportingskills

C.worldoutlook

D.educationalbackground

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.failuretorealizeitsrealproblem

B.tendencytohireannoyingreporters

C.likelinesstodoinaccuratereporting

D.prejudiceinmattersofraceandgender

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.主旨大意題。文章開頭提出了為什么許多美國人不相信自己在報(bào)紙上讀到的內(nèi)容這個(gè)問題，接著分析了造成公眾對(duì)報(bào)紙失望的根本性原因。因此B選項(xiàng)“公眾對(duì)報(bào)紙失望的原因”最能概括文章主旨。A選項(xiàng)“世界各地讀者的需求”，C選項(xiàng)“報(bào)業(yè)衰落的根源”，D選項(xiàng)“新聞業(yè)可信度項(xiàng)目的目標(biāo)”在文中均沒有提及，所以A,C,D錯(cuò)誤。

2.客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干可以定位到文章第二段第一句Sadtosay,thisprojecthasturnedouttobemostlylow-levelfindingsaboutfactualerrorsandspellingandgrammarmistakes（遺憾的是，這次項(xiàng)目只獲得了一些膚淺的發(fā)現(xiàn)，諸如新聞報(bào)道中的事實(shí)錯(cuò)誤，拼寫或語法錯(cuò)誤），說明可信度項(xiàng)目獲得的結(jié)果是低級(jí)、膚淺的。因此D選項(xiàng)“相當(dāng)膚淺”正確。A選項(xiàng)“非常值得信賴”，B選項(xiàng)“有點(diǎn)矛盾”，C選項(xiàng)“非常有趣”均不符合題意，所以A,B,C錯(cuò)誤。

3.客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。A選項(xiàng)“被調(diào)查的居民是事先決定的”，由原文Thenresidentsinthesecommunitieswerephonedatrandomandaskedthesamequestions.（然后隨機(jī)地給這些城市的居民打電話，詢問他們同樣的問題。）可知，被調(diào)查的居民是隨機(jī)確定的，所以A錯(cuò)誤。B選項(xiàng)“對(duì)5個(gè)城市的居民進(jìn)行調(diào)查”，由原文Inarecentsurvey,questionnairesweresenttoreportersinfivemiddle-sizedcitiesaroundthecountry,plusonelargemetropolitanarea.（在最近一次調(diào)查中，問卷被送到了全國五座中等城市及一座大都市的記者手中。）可知，是對(duì)五個(gè)中等城市和一個(gè)大城市，共6個(gè)城市的居民進(jìn)行調(diào)查，所以B錯(cuò)誤。C選項(xiàng)“調(diào)查顯示，記者和他們的讀者有著相同的生活方式”，由原文RepliesshowthatcomparedwithotherAmericans,journalistsaremorelikelytoliveinupscaleneighborhoods,havemaids,ownMercedeses,andtradestocks（人們的回答表明，與其他美國人相比，新聞?dòng)浾吒锌赡芫幼≡诟呒?jí)社區(qū)，有女傭，有奔馳車，炒股）可知，記者和普通讀者的生活方式不一樣，所以C錯(cuò)誤。由D選項(xiàng)關(guān)鍵詞“church”可以定位到文章第五段最后一句andtheyarelesslikelytogotochurch,dovolunteerwork,orputdownrootsinacommunity.（而記者去教堂，參加自愿服務(wù)，扎根某個(gè)社區(qū)的可能性卻很小。），說明記者和普通讀者不一樣，很少去教堂，也就是說普通居民可能會(huì)經(jīng)常去教堂。因此D選項(xiàng)“居民的回答表明，教堂很可能是他們的聚集地”正確。

4.客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干可以定位到文章倒數(shù)第二段第二句Theastonishingdistrustofthenewsmediaisn’trootedininaccuracyorpoorreportorialskillsbutinthedailyclashofworldviewsbetweenreportersandtheirreaders.（對(duì)新聞媒體的這種令人震驚的不信任的根源不在于報(bào)道失實(shí)或低下的報(bào)道技巧，而在于記者與讀者的世界觀每天都發(fā)生著碰撞。），說明記者與讀者世界觀的沖突引起了人們對(duì)報(bào)紙的不信任，是基本問題所在。因此C選項(xiàng)“世界觀”正確。A選項(xiàng)“工作態(tài)度”，B選項(xiàng)“缺乏報(bào)道技巧”，D選項(xiàng)“教育背景”都不是最基本的問題，所以A,B,D錯(cuò)誤。

5.客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干可以定位到文章最后一段第四句Butitneverseemstogetaroundtonoticingtheculturalandclassbiasesthatsomanyformerbuyersarecomplainingabout.（但它似乎從來就沒有時(shí)間去注意那么多老顧客所抱怨的文化和階級(jí)偏見。），說明盡管報(bào)紙行業(yè)做出了許多努力，但他們沒有意識(shí)到真正的問題在于文化和階級(jí)偏見。因此A選項(xiàng)“沒有意識(shí)到其真正的問題”正確。B選項(xiàng)“傾向于雇用令人討厭的記者”，C選項(xiàng)“傾向于做不準(zhǔn)確的報(bào)道”，D選項(xiàng)“在種族和性別問題上的偏見”都不是根本的原因，所以B,C,D錯(cuò)誤。

7.單選題

Thecompanymademoreprofitinthatonemonththanitmadeinthewholeofthe（）year.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.previously

B.proceeding

C.preceding

D.unpreceding

【答案】C

【解析】形近異義詞辨析。previously“以前”；proceeding“程序，訴訟”；preceding“在前的，先前的”；unpreceding“空前的，前所未有的”。句意：公司在那一個(gè)月創(chuàng)造的收益比整個(gè)前年的多。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

8.單選題

Althoughcatscannotseeincompletedarkness,theireyesaremuchmore（）tolightthanarehumaneyes.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.glowing

B.brilliant

C.sensitive

D.gloomy

【答案】C

【解析】句意:盡管貓?jiān)谕耆诎档沫h(huán)境中看不到任何東西，但是相比人類的眼睛，它們的眼晴對(duì)光卻更加敏感。

考查形容詞辨析。glowing熱烈贊揚(yáng)的，熱情洋溢的;brilliant閃耀的，杰出的，精彩的；sensitive體貼的，體恤的，善解人意的，感覺敏銳的；gloomy黑暗的，沮喪的，陰郁的。由轉(zhuǎn)折對(duì)比提示詞Although(盡管)可知C符合句意。

9.單選題

Beneathitsmyriadrules,thefundamentalpurposeof（

）istomaketheworldapleasanterplacetoliveinandyouamorepleasantpersontolivewith.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.elitism

B.eloquence

C.eminence

D.etiquette

【答案】B

【解析】名詞辨析。句意:在無數(shù)的規(guī)則下，雄辯最根本的目的是為了讓這個(gè)世界成為更美好的地方，你成為更好相處的人。

elitism精英主義；杰出人物統(tǒng)治論。eloquence口才；雄辯；雄辯術(shù)；修辭。eminence顯赫；卓越；高處。etiquette顯赫；卓越；尚處。

10.單選題

Hewassomeanthathecouldn’tbearto（

）thesmallestsumofmoneyforthecharityappeal.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.partwith

B.givein

C.payoff

D.letout

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。partwith意為“放棄，失去，割舍”；givein意為“屈服”；payoff意為“付清”；letout意為“出租，放出，發(fā)出”。

句意：他如此吝嗇以至于不能忍受為慈善割舍一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)錢。

11.單選題

Idon’tmindabitifyoubringyourfriendsinforadrink,butitisrathertoomuchwhentenpeoplearrive（）fordinner.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.unusually

B.excessively

C.consequently

D.unexpectedly

【答案】D

【解析】副詞詞義辨析。unexpectedly“出乎意料地”；unusually“顯著地”；excessively“過分地”；consequently“從而”。句意：我不介意你帶你的朋友來喝杯茶，但是當(dāng)十個(gè)人出乎意料地來家里吃晚飯時(shí)就有點(diǎn)太多了。

12.翻譯題

Directions:ReadthefollowingpassagecarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsentencesintoChineseontheANSWERSHEET.

Needamoodboost,butdon’thavetimetohitthegreatoutdoors?Trythenextbestthingandturnonanaturedocumentary.

41.Arecentstudyhasfoundthatturningintonaturedocumentariescanhaveanimmediateimpactonincreasinghappinessandreducingoverallstress.ThestudywascommissionedbytheBBCtomarkthelaunchofitsnewcritically-acclaimednatureseries“PlanetEarthII”.

Whilenatureprogramminghaslongbeenfoundtobringsmilestopeople’sfaces,theBBCwascurioustounderstandmoreabouttheconnectionbetweenthetwo.Tohelpgaugewhatexactlyishappeningwhilewewatchthesescenes,thenetworkpartneredwithProfessorDacherKeltner,whostudiesthescienceofemotionattheUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley,andatechnologystartupcalledCrowdEmotion.

Usingspecialfacialrecognitionsoftwarefedbywebcams,theresearchteamanalyzedtheexpressionsinreal-timeof7,500participantsfromtheU.S.,UTC,SouthAfricaandAustralia.Beforeandafterwatchingclipsfromtheseries,thevolunteerswerealsoaskedtocompleteshortsurveysontheiremotionalwell-being.

42.Accordingtothestudyresults,thoseengagedinwatchingnatureprogramminghadsignificantincreasesinfeelingsofawe,amazement,wonder,curiosity,interestandwantingtoexplore.Conversely,feelingsofnervousness,anxiety,fear,andlowenergyweresignificantlylowered.

“TheshiftsinemotiondemonstratedintheBBCstudyasaresultofwatchingthispowerfulnaturalhistoryseriesaresignificantasweknowthatwonderandcontentmentarethefoundationsofhumanhappiness,”ProfessorKeltnersaidinastatement.“Ifpeopleexperiencefeelingsofawe,theyaremorelikelytodisplayempatheticandcharitablebehaviorsandhavebeenshowntobebetterabletohandlestress.”

Inadditiontothenewpaper,Keltneralsoconductedareviewof150scientificstudiesthatpreviouslyexploredtherelationshipsbetweenemotionandnature.43.Theoverallconsensuswasthatexposuretonature,whetherfirst-handorthroughprogramming,decreasesstress,increasescalm,andimprovescognitiveperformance.

【答案】41.最新的一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，觀看自然紀(jì)錄片對(duì)增加幸福感和減少整體壓力有立竿見影的效果。

42.研究結(jié)果顯示，那些觀看自然節(jié)目的人，敬畏、驚訝、好奇、興趣和探索欲望等方面的感覺顯著增加。

43.整體的共識(shí)是，無論是直接接觸大自然，還是通過電視節(jié)目，都能減少壓力、增加冷靜、提高認(rèn)知能力。

13.單選題

Withprice（）somuch,it’shardforthecompanytoplanabudget.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.fluctuating

B.waving

C.swinging

D.vibrating

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。fluctuate“使波動(dòng)，使動(dòng)搖，漲落”；wave“揮手，揮舞”；swing“搖擺，旋轉(zhuǎn)”；vibrate“使振動(dòng)，使顫動(dòng)”。句意：由于價(jià)格波動(dòng)大，所以這家公司很難做出預(yù)算計(jì)劃。A項(xiàng)符合題意。

14.單選題

Inselectingamaterialtheengineer’sinterestisinitspropertieswhichdeterminehowitwillperformundertheloadsandcondition（

）itissubject.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.where

B.which

C.inwhich

D.towhich

【答案】D

【解析】考查定語從句。由固定搭配“besubjectto”可知此處將介詞提前，因此選D。

句意：在選擇材料時(shí)，工程師感興趣的是材料在遭受負(fù)荷或者某種狀況時(shí)所表現(xiàn)出來的特性。

15.單選題

（）theincreaseinthenumberofcomputersinouroffices,theamountofpaperthatweneedhasrisenaswell.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Alongwith

B.Altogether

C.Although

D.Allalong

【答案】A

【解析】alongwith隨同...…一起；altogether完全，總而言之；although盡管，雖然；allalong始終，一直。句意：隨著我們辦公室電腦數(shù)量的增加，我們需要的紙的數(shù)量也增加了。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

16.單選題

Thefoodweeatseemstohaveprofoundeffectsonourhealth.Althoughsciencehasmadeenormousstepsinmakingmanyfoodmorefittoeat,ithas,thesametime,mademanyfoodsunfittoeat.Someresearchhasshownthatperhaps80%ofallhumanillnessisrelatedtodietand40%ofcancerisrelatedtothedietaswell,especiallycancerofthecolon.

Differentculturesaremorepronetocontractcertainillnessbecauseofthefoodthatischaracteristicinthesecultures.Thatfoodisrelatedtoillnessisnotanewdiscovery.In1945,governmentresearchesrealizedthatnitratesandnitrites,commonlyusedtopreservecolorinmeats,andotherfoodadditivescausedcancer.Yet,thesecarcinogenicadditivesremaininourfood,anditbecomesmoredifficultallthetimetoknowwhichthingsonthepackaginglakesofprocessedfoodarehelpfulorharmful.Theadditiveswhichweeatarenotallsodirect.Farmersoftengivepenicillintobeefandpoultry,andbecauseofthis,penicillinhasbeenfoundinthemilkoftreatedcows.Sometimes,similardrugsareadministeredtoanimalsnotformedicinalpurposesbutforfinancialreasons.Thefarmersaresimplytryingtofattentheanimalsinordertoobtainahigherpriceonthemarket.ThoughtheFoodandDrugAdministration(FAD)hastriedrepeatedlytocontroltheseprocedures,thepracticescontinue.

1.Howhassciencedoneadisservicetomankind?

2.Whatarenitratesusedfor?

3.WhatdoesFDAmean?

4.Theword“carcinogenic”meansmostnearlythesameas（）.

5.Whichofthefollowingsentencesisnottrue?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Becauseofscience,diseasecausedbycontaminatedfoodhasbeenvirtuallyeradicated.

B.Ithascausedalackofinformationconcerningthevalueoffood.

C.Asaresultofscientificintervention,somepotentiallyharmfulsubstanceshavebeenaddedtoourfood.

D.Thescientistshavepreservedthecolorofmeats,butnotofvegetables.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Theypreserveflavorinpackagedfoods.

B.Theypreservethecolorofmeats.

C.Theyaretheobjectsofresearch.

D.Theycausetheanimalstobecomefatter.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.FoodDirectAdditives.

B.FinalDifficultAnalysis.

C.FoodandDrugAdministration.

D.FederalDiaryAdditives.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.trouble-making

B.color-retaining

C.money-making

D.cancer-causing

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Drugsarealwaysgiventoanimalsformedicalreason.

B.Someoftheadditivesinourfoodareaddedtothefooditselfandsomearegiventothelivinganimals.

C.Researchershaveknownaboutthepotentialhazardsoffoodadditivesforover35years.

D.Foodmaycause40%ofcancerintheworld.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】1.判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干信息定位到第一段Althoughsciencehasmadeenormousstepsinmakingmanyfoodmorefittoeat,ithas,thesametime,mademanyfoodsunfittoeat.（雖然科學(xué)已取得巨大進(jìn)展，使許多食物更適合食用，但與此同時(shí)，它也使許多食物不宜食用。）也就是說很多添加劑式的食物容易導(dǎo)致一些疾病，因此C選項(xiàng)“由于科學(xué)的干預(yù)，一些潛在的有害物質(zhì)被添加到我們的食物中?！闭_。A選項(xiàng)“由于科學(xué)的發(fā)展，由受污染的食物引起的疾病實(shí)際上已經(jīng)被根除了?！焙皖}干提問并不符合；B選項(xiàng)“它導(dǎo)致了關(guān)于食物價(jià)值的信息的缺乏?！边@個(gè)不是原文的觀點(diǎn)；D選項(xiàng)“科學(xué)家們保存了肉的顏色，卻沒有保存蔬菜的顏色?！迸c題干不符。

2.判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干信息定位到第二段In1945,governmentresearchesrealizedthatnitratesandnitrites,commonlyusedtopreservecolorinmeats（1945年，政府部門的研究人員認(rèn)識(shí)到，用于肉類顏色保鮮的硝酸鹽、亞硝酸鹽和其他食品添加劑能致癌）因此B選項(xiàng)“它們能保持肉的顏色”正確。A選項(xiàng)“它們能保存包裝食品的風(fēng)味。”不是保存風(fēng)味；C選項(xiàng)“它們是研究的對(duì)象”，與原文不符；D選項(xiàng)“它們使動(dòng)物變得更胖”與原文不符。

3.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到最后一句話ThoughtheFoodandDrugAdministration(FAD)hastriedrepeatedlytocontroltheseprocedures,thepracticescontinue.（盡管食品和藥物管理局（FAD）多次試圖控制這些程序，但這種做法仍在繼續(xù)。）因此C選項(xiàng)“食品和藥物管理局”正確。A選項(xiàng)“食物直接添加劑”；B選項(xiàng)“最終困難分析”；D選項(xiàng)“聯(lián)邦乳品添加劑”都不正確。

4.語義推測(cè)題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞定位到commonlyusedtopreservecolorinmeats,andotherfoodadditivescausedcancer.Yet,thesecarcinogenicadditivesremaininourfood（用于肉類顏色保鮮的硝酸鹽、亞硝酸鹽和其他食品添加劑能致癌。然而，這些致癌添加劑仍然存在于我們的食品中。）因此可以得出這些物質(zhì)都是致癌的，因此D選項(xiàng)“致癌的”正確。A選項(xiàng)“制造麻煩的”；B選項(xiàng)“護(hù)色的”；C選項(xiàng)“賺錢的”都不正確。

5.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。A選項(xiàng)“由于醫(yī)學(xué)原因，藥物總是給動(dòng)物服用”在原文的最后一段Sometimes,similardrugsareadministeredtoanimalsnotformedicinalpurposesbutforfinancialreasons.（有時(shí)讓動(dòng)物服用這類藥物并不是為了治病，而是為了經(jīng)濟(jì)上的原因。）因此A選項(xiàng)不正確。B選項(xiàng)“我們食物中的一些添加劑是添加到食物本身，還有一些是給活的動(dòng)物吃的?！痹谧詈笠欢蜦armersoftengivepenicillintobeefandpoultry（農(nóng)民經(jīng)常給牛肉和家禽注射青霉素）；C選項(xiàng)“研究人員已經(jīng)知道食品添加劑的潛在危害超過35年了?！痹谧詈笠欢蜪n1945,governmentresearchesrealizedthatnitratesandnitrites,commonlyusedtopreservecolorinmeats,andotherfoodadditivescausedcancer.（1945年，政府部門的研究人員認(rèn)識(shí)到，用于肉類保鮮的硝酸鹽、亞硝酸鹽和其他食品添加劑能致癌。）；D選項(xiàng)“食物可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致世界上40%的癌癥”定位到第一段Someresearchhasshownthatperhaps80%ofallhumanillnessisrelatedtodietand40%ofcancerisrelatedtothedietaswell,especiallycancerofthecolon.（一些研究表明，大約80%的人類疾病與飲食有關(guān)，40%的癌癥也與飲食有關(guān)，尤其是結(jié)腸癌。）

17.單選題

Hadspringeverbeengentle,soendearingbefore?Hadeverylittlescene,everyshopwindow,everyfacehepassedeverbeensowonderfullyinteresting?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.attractive

B.favorable

C.inspiring

D.peaceful

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.attractive吸引人的，令人愉快的B.favorable給人好印象的（有好感）

C.inspiring鼓舞人心的，激勵(lì)的，啟發(fā)靈感的D.peaceful安靜的，平靜的

【答案】A

【考查點(diǎn)】形容詞辨析。

【解題思路】endearing的意思為“惹人喜愛的，討人喜歡的”，這里問春天是否曾經(jīng)惹人喜愛，讓人不自覺地被他吸引，attractive與之詞義相近，因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】B、C、D選項(xiàng)詞義與之不符。

【句意】春天曾經(jīng)如此惹人喜愛嗎？他走過的每一處、每一個(gè)商店櫥窗、每一張面孔，都曾經(jīng)是那么奇妙而有趣嗎？

18.單選題

George（

）anagonizing48-hourwaitfortheresultsofthetests.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.underwent

B.withstood

C.baked

D.grilled

【答案】A

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析題。underwent經(jīng)驗(yàn)，遭遇；withstood抵擋，經(jīng)得起；baked烘烤；grilled炙烤。

句意：George遭受了48小時(shí)的煎熬只為等待測(cè)試結(jié)果。選項(xiàng)A符合語境。

19.單選題

Allowchildrenthespacetovoicetheiropinions

_____

theyaredifferentfromyourown.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.until

B.evenif

C.unless

D.asthough

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞義辨析。A項(xiàng)“直到”；B項(xiàng)“盡管”；C項(xiàng)“除非”；D項(xiàng)“似乎”；句意：允許孩子有發(fā)言的空間，盡管他們的意見和你自己的有所不同。因此選B。

20.單選題

Janehas（）wontherespectofeveryoneinthefieldofdancebothforthesocietyandherself.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.deservedly

B.exactly

C.despicably

D.diffusely

【答案】A

【解析】考查副詞詞義辨析。deservedly“理所應(yīng)當(dāng)?shù)亍?；exactly“恰好地”；despicably“可鄙地，卑劣地”；diffusely“廣泛地，擴(kuò)散地”。選項(xiàng)A符合題意，簡理所應(yīng)當(dāng)贏得大家的尊重。

21.單選題

Horse-drawncoacheswereneitheracompetitivenoracomfortablealternativegiventhedeplorablestateofthenation’shighwaysandthoughbicycleswerepopularinbothtownandcountry,they,too,werehamperedbypoorroadsurfaces.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.restrained

B.supported

C.favored

D.damaged

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。題干hampered“妨礙，阻止”。A項(xiàng)“阻止；約束”，B項(xiàng)“支持”，C項(xiàng)“喜愛，偏愛”，D項(xiàng)“損害；傷害”。因此選A。句意：考慮到國家公路狀況糟糕，騎馬教練既不是競爭者，也不是舒適的替代者，盡管自行車在城鎮(zhèn)和鄉(xiāng)村都廣受歡迎，但它們也受到不良路面的阻礙。

22.單選題

TheCivilWarprovidedanimpetustoMichigan'sgrowth.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.anincentiveto

B.anobstacleto

C.areasonfor

D.adelayin

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。animpetusto意為“推動(dòng)，促進(jìn)”；anincentiveto意為“刺激，激勵(lì)”；anobstacleto意為“障礙”；areasonfor意為“理由，原因”；adelayin意為“延遲”。

句意：南北戰(zhàn)爭推動(dòng)了密歇根州的發(fā)展。

23.填空題

Earthquakesarenaturalshakingswithintheearth’scrust.Theyshowthatcrustalmovementsarestilltaking（1）onourplanettoday,（2）ontheMoon,whichappearstohavenosuchactivity.Seismometersenablegeologiststo（3）theintensityofquakes.MuchofChinaisseismicallyactive,withthemost（4）recentearthquakehavingoccurredin2008,inSichuan（5）.

【答案】place;unlike,measure;serious:province

【解析】句意:地震是地球地殼內(nèi)的正常震動(dòng)。他們發(fā)現(xiàn)地殼運(yùn)動(dòng)在我們今天的星球上仍在發(fā)生，不像月球上，貌似沒有這樣的運(yùn)動(dòng)。測(cè)振儀能夠使地質(zhì)學(xué)家測(cè)量震動(dòng)的強(qiáng)度。中國大部分地區(qū)地質(zhì)活躍，最近最嚴(yán)重（破壞力最大）的一次地震發(fā)生在2008年的四川。

1.固定搭配。takeplace發(fā)生。

2.語義題。句意:不像月球上，貌似沒有這樣的運(yùn)動(dòng)。故填unlike。

3.語義題。根據(jù)前面的seismometers(測(cè)振儀)推測(cè)此處填measure(測(cè)量)。

4.語義題。句意:中國大部分地區(qū)地質(zhì)活躍，最近最嚴(yán)重的一次地震發(fā)生在2008年的四川。故填serious。

5.語義題。根據(jù)Sichuan推測(cè)此處填province。

24.單選題

In2004andagainin2006,womentoldpollstersthattheconcernsthatmotivatedthemtodecidewhetherandforwhomtovotewerecenteredonnontraditional“Women’sissues”.Womenarenotsingle-issuevoters,either.（1）Inreality,women’svotingpatternsindicatequitetheopposite.

Womenarenotmonolithicintheirattitudesabout,orvoteswithin,thepoliticalsystem.（2）.Intheend,womenvotersaskthemselvestwocorequestionswhendecidingwhomtosupportforpresident:“DoIlikethatperson?”and“Isthatpersonlikeme?”Thefirstquestionistheclassic“l(fā)ivingroom”test.Thesecondisamorecomplexinquirythatprobeswhetherwomenbelieveacandidatecarsabout,values,confronts,andfeatshesamethingstheydo.

Partyloyaltytrumpsgender,asindicatedbyaJuly2007Newsweeksurvey,whichfoundthat88percentofmenand85percentofwomensaythatiftheirpartynominatedawomancandidatethattheywouldvoteforherifshewerequalifiedforthejob.（3）:Only60percentofmenand56percentofwomenbelievethatthecountryisreadyforawomanpresident.Withregardtorace,votersarelesshesitanttovoteforaqualifiedAfrican-Americancandidateoftheirparty，as92percentofwhitesand93percentofnonwhitessaythattheywouldendorsesuchacandidate.（4）:Only59percentofwhitevotersand58percentofnonwhitevotersbelievethatthecountrywouldelectablackpresident.

Whereasthecontestforpresidentisthemostwide-openindecades,onethingiscertain:（5）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Themedia’sfocusonthecontentiousonesmakesitseemasifwomenonlycareaboutoneissueonElectionDayandthatittakesspecialattentiontothatissuetocompelwomentovote

B.Traditionally,womenarethoughttogravitatemoretowardthe“SHE”clusterofissues,SocialSecurity,healthcare,andeducation,whilemenareconsideredmoreinterestedinthe“WE”issues,warandtheeconomy

C.Likegender,fewervotersdoubtthatthecountryisreadyforanAfrican-Americanpresident

D.Americansexpresslessenthusiasm,however,aboutthe“femalefactor”，whenitcomestohowtheyjudgetheirfellowcitizens

E.Women,astheyhavesince1980,willbeamajorityoftheelectoratethatdecideswhonextoccupiestheOvalOffice

F.Whenitcomestovoting,onewomanmightvoteforallDemocrats,anothermightvotestraight-ticketRepublican,whileathirdmighttakethesalad-barapproachtodecidehervote

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Themedia’sfocusonthecontentiousonesmakesitseemasifwomenonlycareaboutoneissueonElectionDayandthatittake