考研考博-英語-四川體育職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解3

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-四川體育職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Healthexpertsrecommendleisurelymeals.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.paidfor

B.deleted

C.gathered

D.regular

【答案】D

【解析】考查詞義辨析。leisurely意為“不慌不忙的，慢悠悠的”；payfor意為“賠償，付款，為……付出代價(jià)”；delete意為“刪除”；gather意為“聚集，集合”；regular意為“規(guī)則的，有規(guī)律的”。

句意：健康專家建議從容飲食。

2.單選題

ThebrideandthebridegroomwereoverwhelmedinhappinesswhentheirfamilyofferedtotakethemtoRometo（）themarriage.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.terminate

B.initiate

C.consummate

D.separate

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。terminate“終止，結(jié)束”；initiate“開始”；consummate“完成”；separate“分開”。句意：當(dāng)聽到他們的家人要帶他們?nèi)チ_馬完婚，這對新郎新娘感到非常幸福。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

3.翻譯題

NickYoung創(chuàng)立了該刊物，并編輯英文版本，他說，上周多位北京警方和地方統(tǒng)計(jì)局的官員告知他該刊物進(jìn)行了“未經(jīng)批準(zhǔn)的調(diào)查”，因此被認(rèn)為違反了有關(guān)收集統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)的1983年法律。楊先生說，在該刊物發(fā)行的十幾年中，當(dāng)局并未提供頒布此法令的明確原因。1.他說該刊物并未進(jìn)行任何投票或調(diào)查，該法令非常含糊，因此可以禁止幾乎任何需要與當(dāng)?shù)孛癖娊佑|的信息收集。關(guān)閉該刊物的決定可能反映了中國對近幾年增加的地方和國外資助民間團(tuán)體的關(guān)注持續(xù)增加。2.某些民間團(tuán)體已經(jīng)降低了中國百姓維護(hù)合法權(quán)利的門檻，某些中國官員認(rèn)為這些團(tuán)體會(huì)導(dǎo)致社會(huì)的不安定。如果這些團(tuán)體受政府資助而且不從事公開的政治活動(dòng)，那么中國中央政府通常能夠忍受。一些官員表示那些團(tuán)體能夠極大地幫助監(jiān)測和抵制虐工等違法的行為。

3.《中國發(fā)展簡報(bào)》無權(quán)在中國出版，雇員也未注冊為新聞?dòng)浾?，這就意味著該刊物未在更大出版社的允許下已經(jīng)存在較長時(shí)間。但楊先生說，當(dāng)局已經(jīng)監(jiān)視他的事務(wù)多年，他相信他們理解向國外扶助機(jī)構(gòu)提供客觀信息符合中國利益。

【答案】1.Hesaidthatthenewsletterdidnotconductpollsorsurveysandthattheorderwasvagueenoughtoprohibitalmostanykindofinformationgatheringthatrequiredinteractionwithlocalcitizens.

2.SomecivicgroupshavehelpedpeopleonthelowerrungsofChinesesocietydefendtheirlegalrights,andsomeChineseofficialscontendthatthegroupshavecontributedtoasurgeinsocialunrest.

3.ChinaDevelopmentBriefhadnolicensetopublishinChina,anditsemployeeswerenotregisteredasnewscorrespondents,meaningthenewsletterhadlongoperatedwithoutthepermitsrequiredoflargerpublications.

4.單選題

Nobodybelieveshemadesuchafoolishmistake.Peoplesayheisvery______.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.experience

B.career

C.accurate

D.actual

【答案】C

【解析】【試題解析】考查詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)experience“經(jīng)驗(yàn)；閱歷”；B選項(xiàng)career“職業(yè)生涯”；C選項(xiàng)accurate“正確無誤的；精確的”；D選項(xiàng)actual“實(shí)際的；（強(qiáng)調(diào)事情最重要的部分）真正的”。句意：沒有人相信他犯了這樣一個(gè)愚蠢的錯(cuò)誤。因?yàn)槿藗冋J(rèn)為他非常______。根據(jù)語境，這里指的是在別人眼中，他做事不會(huì)行差踏錯(cuò)，C選項(xiàng)accurate“正確無誤的；精確的”符合題意，指的是他非常可靠。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

5.單選題

Treesshouldonlybeprunedwhenthereisagoodandclearreasonfordoingsoand,fortunately,thenumberofsuchreasonsissmall．Pruninginvolvesthecuttingawayofovergrownandunwantedbranches,andtheinexperiencedgardenercanbeencouragedbythethoughtthatmoredamageresultsfromdoingitunnecessarilythanfromleavingthetreetogrowinitsownway.

First,pruningmaybedonetomakesurethattreeshaveadesiredshapeorsize．Theobjectmaybetogetatreeoftherightheight,andatthesametimetohelpthegrowthofsmallsidebrancheswhichwillthickenitsappearanceorgiveitaspecialshape．Secondly,pruningmaybedonetomakethetreehealthier．Youmaycutoutdiseasedordeadwood,orbranchesthatarerubbingagainsteachotherandthuscausingwounds．Thehealthofatreemaybeencouragedbyremovingthebranchesthatarelockingupthecenterandsopreventingthefreemovementofair.

Oneresultofpruningisthatanopenwouldisleftonthetreeandthisprovidesaneasyentryfordiseases,butitisawoundthatwillheal．Oftenthereisaracebetweenthehealingandthediseaseastowhetherthetreewillliveordie,orthatthereisaperiodwhenthetreeisatrisk．Itshouldbetheaimofeverygardenertoreducetheriskasfaraspossible．Itisessentialtomaketheareawhichhasbeenprunedsmoothandclean,forhealingwillbesloweddownbyroughness．Youshouldallowthecutsurfacetodryforafewhoursandthenpaintitwithoneofthesubstancesavailablefromgardenshopsproducedespeciallyforthispurpose．Pruningisusuallydoneinwinter,forthenyoucanseetheshapeofthetreeclearlywithouttheinterferencefromtheleavesanditis,too,veryunlikelythatthecutsyoumakewillbleed．Ifthisdoeshappen,itis,ofcourse,impossibletopaintthemproperly.

1.Pruningisprobablyusuallydoneto（）.

2.Treesbecomeunhealthyifthegardener().

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.makethesmallbranchesthicker.

B.getridofthesmallbranches.

C.improvetheshapeofthetree.

D.makethetreegrowtaller.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.damagessomeofthesmallsidebranches.

B.forcesthemtogrowtooquickly.

C.doesnotprotectthemfromthewind.

D.allowstoomanybranchestogrowinthemiddle.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Tohelpawoundtodry.

B.Tocoveraroughsurface.

C.Topreventdiseaseenteringawound.

D.Tomakeawoundsmooth.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.regularlyeverywinter.

B.occasionallywhennecessary.

C.asquicklyaspossible.

D.atintervalsthroughouttheyear.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Todiscussdifferentmethodsofpruning.

B.Toexplainhowtreesdevelopdisease.

C.Togiveageneraldescriptionofpruning.

D.Togivepracticalinstructionforpruningatree.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。第二段第一句指出：First,pruningmaybedonetomakesurethattreeshaveadesiredshapeorsize(首先，修剪可以確保樹有一個(gè)理想的形狀或大小)。由此可知，修剪通常是為了“改善樹的形狀”，故選C。

2.判斷推理題。第二段最后一句指出：Thehealthofatreemaybeencouragedbyremovingthebranchesthatarelockingupthecenterandsopreventingthefreemovementofair(修剪掉擋在中間而阻止了空氣自由流通的樹枝，可以讓樹更健康)。由此可知，如果園丁讓太多的樹枝在中間生長，樹就會(huì)不健康。D選項(xiàng)正確。

3.判斷推理題。最后一段第一句指出：Oneresultofpruningisthatanopenwouldisleftonthetreeandthisprovidesaneasyentryfordiseases,butitisawoundthatwillheal(修剪的一個(gè)后果是樹上留下一個(gè)缺口，這為疾病提供了一個(gè)容易的入口，但這是一個(gè)可以愈合的傷口)。因此樹被涂上一種特殊材料終究是為了“防止疾病通過修剪口侵入”。B項(xiàng)和D項(xiàng)都是干擾項(xiàng)，雖然后面提到：Itisessentialtomaketheareawhichhasbeenprunedsmoothandclean,forhealingwillbesloweddownbyroughness(修剪過的區(qū)域必須光滑干凈，因?yàn)榇植跁?huì)減緩愈合速度)。但它們并不是最終原因。因此本題選C。

4.判斷推理題。第一段指出：Treesshouldonlybeprunedwhenthereisagoodandclearreasonfordoingsoand…(只有在有充分和明確的理由時(shí)才應(yīng)該修剪樹木)。由此推斷，B項(xiàng)“必要時(shí)偶爾修剪”正確。

5.主旨大意題。本文開頭講了修剪的原因，方法，后面講了修剪的后果極其處理方法，因此C項(xiàng)“概述修剪”比較能概括本文主旨。

6.翻譯題

Timeisalwaysariddleformanthroughouttheages.Peoplealivecanonlyhave“today”—theverydayandtheverymoment.However,wearedifferentinmakinguseof24hours.Wedifferinwhatwedoin24hours(whatwedoin24hoursisdifferent),therefore,whatwegetisdifferent.Someidletheirtimeawayandmissedmanyopportunitiesbecauseofdelay.Somespendtheirtimeinbenefitingothers,someworkhardtomoveforward.Howdoyouspendyourtime?Ifyouspendsometimethinkingitover,youwillbebenefited.

【答案】古往今來，時(shí)間對人來說難以捉摸。每個(gè)活著的人只能掌握“今天”——只能掌握今時(shí)今日。不過，怎樣運(yùn)用這二十四小時(shí)，我們每個(gè)人都各有差異。我們在這24小時(shí)里所做的事情不同，因此得到的也就不同。有的人虛度光陰，延誤時(shí)機(jī)；有的人做利他之事；有的人則奮發(fā)向上。你怎樣運(yùn)用你的時(shí)間呢？如果你花些時(shí)間思考，定會(huì)從中受益。

7.翻譯題

AlthoughtelevisionondemandhasnotyetbecomeamainstreamactivityintheUK,theBBC,ITVandChannel4haveallinvestedvastsumsofmoneyintechnologywhichenablesviewerstowatchtheirfavouriteshowsontheircomputers.

1.Butsomecritics,includingsomeinternetserviceproviders,havewarnedthattheinternetwillcollapseunderthestrainofmillionsofpeopledownloadingprogrammesatthesametime.

Overthenextfouryears,itisthoughtthatthenumberofvideoswatchedovertheinternetwillquadruple,withpeoplemovingfromshortclipstohour-longprogrammes.

2.Broadbandcompaniesclaimthattheservicewillcause“trafficjams”,whichwillcostmillionsofpoundstosortout.

ButMrCerfdismissedthewarningsas“scaretactics”,sayingthatcriticshadpredicted20yearsagothatthenetwouldcollapsewhenpeopleallaroundtheworldstartedtouseitenmasse.

3.“Intheintervening30yearsit’sincreasedamilliontimes…We’refarfromexhaustingthecapacity”hesaid,“It’sanunderstandableworrywhentheyseehugeamountsofinformationbeingmovedaroundonline.”

【答案】1.但包括部分互聯(lián)網(wǎng)服務(wù)提供商在內(nèi)的批評人士警告說，如果幾百萬人在同一時(shí)間下載節(jié)目，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)會(huì)因無法承受壓力而崩潰。

2.寬帶公司稱，這一服務(wù)會(huì)導(dǎo)致“網(wǎng)絡(luò)交通堵塞”，而“疏通”成本高達(dá)數(shù)百萬英鎊。

3.他說：“過去三十年中，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的容量增加了一百萬倍……我們還遠(yuǎn)沒用盡這些容量?？吹酱罅啃畔⒃诨ヂ?lián)網(wǎng)間傳輸，有人產(chǎn)生這樣的擔(dān)憂是可以理解的。”

8.單選題

Accordingtogovernmentstatistics,menofallsocialclassesinBritainvisitpubs（1）regularly,（2）thekindofpubtheygoto（3）bedifferentandtheirreasons（4）goingthere（5）,too.Nowadaystheyoftentaketheirwivesorgirlfriends,whichused（6）.

ThefactisthatthetypicalEnglishpubischanging,（7）becauseofthelicensinglaws（8）sostrict（9）theywere,butalsobecausepublicansaretryingto（10）withtheoldVictorian（11）ofthepubandprovidecoupleswithanatmospherewherethey（12）enjoythemselves.Pubusednottoopenexcept（13）certaintimes.Theresultwasthattheywereusuallycoupledwithmenwhoseemed（14）asmuchaspossibleinthetime（15）.Butthatkindofpubisquicklybecomingathingof（16）.

Openinghoursarestilllimitedtoeighthours（17）day,butthepublicancannowchoosewhichhours（18）himbest.Andthesedaysyoucan（19）getacupofcoffeeifyoupreferittobeer.ButinspiteofthisthePuritanswouldneverdream（20）thatapubcouldbecomearepeatableplace.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.very

B.just

C.quite

D.ever

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.though

B.however

C.sothat

D.incase

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.may

B.maybe

C.should

D.could

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.why

B.for

C.in

D.on

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.vary

B.varied

C.various

D.varying

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.tobenotthecase

B.nottobethecase

C.tobenotthefact

D.nottobethefact

問題7選項(xiàng)

A.partly

B.part

C.inpart

D.inparts

問題8選項(xiàng)

A.are

B.beingnot

C.notbeing

D.were

問題9選項(xiàng)

A.that

B.as

C.like

D.asto

問題10選項(xiàng)

A.makeway

B.doaway

C.takeaway

D.moveaway

問題11選項(xiàng)

A.image

B.view

C.drawing

D.painting

問題12選項(xiàng)

A.justcan

B.canboth

C.cantoo

D.alsocan

問題13選項(xiàng)

A.on

B.at

C.in

D.for

問題14選項(xiàng)

A.todrink

B.tobedrunk

C.tobedrinking

D.drunk

問題15選項(xiàng)

A.ideal

B.free

C.proper

D.available

問題16選項(xiàng)

A.past

B.thepast

C.before

D.pass

問題17選項(xiàng)

A.a

B.the

C.each

D.an

問題18選項(xiàng)

A.arefit

B.suitable

C.fits

D.suit

問題19選項(xiàng)

A.never

B.yet

C.still

D.even40.

問題20選項(xiàng)

A.ofadmitting

B.toadmit

C.ofbeingadmired

D.admitted

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:C

第6題:B

第7題:A

第8題:C

第9題:B

第10題:C

第11題:B

第12題:B

第13題:B

第14題:C

第15題:D

第16題:B

第17題:A

第18題:D

第19題:D

第20題:A

【解析】1.考查副詞辨析。very和quite都是程度副詞，用于修飾形容詞或者副詞，但語氣和用法不同，quite意為“相當(dāng)、非?！?，句意：根據(jù)政府的統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)，英國各個(gè)社會(huì)階層的男人都經(jīng)常光顧酒吧。由此可知去酒吧的頻率是很高的，因此選項(xiàng)C正確。

2.考查語義關(guān)系。由上句“英國各個(gè)社會(huì)階層的男人都經(jīng)常光顧酒吧”和下句句意“他們?nèi)ゾ瓢傻姆N類和原因也可能各不相同”可推測句意關(guān)系為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，因此選項(xiàng)B正確。

3.考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞辨析。may表示“可能”，表示可能性；should“應(yīng)該、應(yīng)當(dāng)”，常用于糾正別人，提出或征詢建議；could“能夠”，用于詢問是否可做某事。句意：他們?nèi)ゾ瓢傻姆N類和原因也可能各不相同。may符合句子句意，因此選項(xiàng)A正確。

4.考查固定搭配。reasonfor表示“……的原因”，句意：他們?nèi)ゾ瓢傻姆N類和原因也可能各不相同。因此選項(xiàng)B正確。

5.考查語義關(guān)系。various各種各樣的、多方面的。句意：他們?nèi)ゾ瓢傻姆N類和原因也可能各不相同。因此選項(xiàng)C正確。

6.考查固定搭配。usedtobethecase意為“以前是這樣的”，根據(jù)句意應(yīng)為否定，句意：現(xiàn)在他們經(jīng)常帶著妻子或女朋友，而以前不是這樣的。因此選項(xiàng)B正確。

7.考查語義辨析。句意：事實(shí)上，典型的英國酒吧正在發(fā)生變化，部分原因是營業(yè)執(zhí)照法不像以前那么嚴(yán)格了。partly為副詞，這里表程度，用作狀語修飾becauseofthelicensinglawsnotbeingsostrict，營業(yè)執(zhí)照法沒有以前那么嚴(yán)格只是一部分原因，因此選項(xiàng)A正確。

8.考查語義辨析。句意：事實(shí)上，典型的英國酒吧正在發(fā)生變化，部分原因是營業(yè)執(zhí)照法不像以前那么嚴(yán)格了。由此可知選項(xiàng)C正確。

9.考查語義辨析。句意：事實(shí)上，典型的英國酒吧正在發(fā)生變化，部分原因是營業(yè)執(zhí)照法不像以前那么嚴(yán)格了。這里為as引導(dǎo)的比較狀語從句，由此可知選項(xiàng)B正確。

10.考查固定搭配。makeway讓路；takeaway帶走、消除、減去；moveaway離開、搬走。句意：也是因?yàn)榫瓢衫习鍌兿胍淖兙瓢稍械木S多利亞時(shí)代的形象，為情侶們提供一種雙方都能玩得開心的氛圍。因此選項(xiàng)C正確。

11.考查名詞辨析。image“影像、想象”；view“觀察、視野”；drawing“圖畫”；painting“油畫、繪畫”。句意：也是因?yàn)榫瓢衫习鍌兿胍淖兙瓢稍械木S多利亞時(shí)代的形象，為情侶們提供一種雙方都能玩得開心的氛圍。因此選項(xiàng)A正確。

12.考查語義關(guān)系。句意：也是因?yàn)榫瓢衫习鍌兿胍淖兙瓢稍械木S多利亞時(shí)代的形象，為情侶們提供一種雙方都能玩得開心的氛圍。句中提到情侶，因此選項(xiàng)B正確。

13.考查固定搭配。atcertaintimes在某些時(shí)候，句意：酒館過去只在特定時(shí)間開放。因此選項(xiàng)B正確。

14.考查固定搭配。句意：結(jié)果是，她們身邊的男性似乎在時(shí)間允許的情況下盡可能多地喝酒。seemtobe后接doing形式，因此選項(xiàng)C正確。

15.考查形容詞辨析。ideal“理想的”；free“自由的”；proper“適當(dāng)?shù)摹?；available“可獲得的”。句意：結(jié)果是，她們身邊的男性似乎在時(shí)間允許的情況下盡可能多地喝酒。選項(xiàng)D符合題意，因此選項(xiàng)D正確。

16.考查固定搭配。athingofthepast已成為過去，句意：但這種酒吧正迅速成為過去式。因此選項(xiàng)B正確。

17.考查冠詞辨析。句意：酒店的營業(yè)時(shí)間仍然限制在一天8小時(shí)。一天表達(dá)為aday，表示泛指，因此選項(xiàng)A正確。

18.考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：酒店的營業(yè)時(shí)間仍然限制在每天8小時(shí)，但酒店老板現(xiàn)在可以選擇最適合自己的營業(yè)時(shí)間。hours為復(fù)數(shù)形式，因此選項(xiàng)D正確。

19.考查副詞辨析。句意：現(xiàn)在，如果你更喜歡咖啡而不是啤酒，你甚至可以喝一杯咖啡。因此選項(xiàng)D正確。

20.考查介詞辨析。句意：盡管如此，清教徒們卻從未想過承認(rèn)，一家酒吧可以成為一個(gè)可復(fù)制的地方。dreamof夢想、預(yù)見，后接ing形式，因此選項(xiàng)A正確。

9.單選題

Weregrettoinformyouthatthematerialsyouorderedare（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.outofwork

B.outofstock

C.outofreach

D.outofpractice

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞組辨析。outofwork“失業(yè)的”；outofstock“無現(xiàn)貨的，無庫存的”；outofreach“夠不著”；outofpractice“久不練習(xí)，荒廢”。句意：很遺憾的告訴你，你預(yù)定的材料沒有現(xiàn)貨了。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

10.單選題

Economicliberalismwastheprevailingeconomicphilosophyinmuchofthenineteenthandearlytwentiethcenturies,andtheU.S.economydevelopedwithinitsframework.Economicliberalismpromotedfreedomofactionfortheindividualandthefirmthroughthedoctrinesoffreetrade,self-interest,privateproperty,laissez-faire,andcompetition.

Accordingtothisphilosophy,individualswerefreetoseektheirownoccupations,toenteranybusiness,andtoactastheysawfittoimprovetheireconomicwelfare.Economicsocietywasheldtogetherbyself-interest.Self-interestwasthusthemotivatingforceoftheeconomy.Forexample,toincreasepersonaleconomicwelfare,anindividualmightdecidetoproducegoodsandsellthemforprofit.Butinsodoing,thatindividualautomaticallybenefitedthecommunityaswell—bypurchasingrawmaterials,providingemployment,andsupplyinggoodsorservices.Aworkerseekingincreasehisorherwagescoulddosobyincreasingproductivity.This,too,benefitedtheemployerandthecommunityingeneral.AccordingtoAdamSmith,theindividual,inseekingpersonalgain,wasledbyaninvisiblehandtopromotethewelfareofthewholecommunity.

Competitionwastheregulationoftheeconomyundereconomicliberalism.Businesscompetedwithoneanotherforconsumertradebydevelopingnewandbetterproductsandbysellingexistingproductsatlowerprices.Freeentryintothemarketensuredadequatecompetition,andpricesweredeterminedbythefreeforcesofsupplyanddemand.Competitiveforeseesdeterminednotonlythepricesofgoodsandservicesbustalsowagerates.

Sinceabeneficialself-interestwasthemotivatinganddrivingforceoftheeconomyandsincecompetitionwastoserveastheregulatoroftheeconomy,apolicyoflaissez-faireprevailed.Accordingtothispolicy,thegovernmentkeptitshandsofftheeconomicactivitiesofindividualsandbusinesses.Itseconomicrollswerestrictlytoprotectprivateproperty,toenforcecontracts,andtoactasajudgeineconomicdisputes.

1.Concerning“economicliberalism”,whichofthefollowingistrue?

2.Accordingtothepassage,peopleexchangegoodsandservicesinorderto（）.

3.WhichofthefollowingisthebestinterpretationforAdamSmith’stheory?

4.Competitiveforceshavethefollowingfunctionsexcept（）.

5.Accordingtothepolicyoflaissez-faire,thegovernmentshould（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Itwasaninfluentialphilosophyinthe19thand20thcenturies.

B.ThedevelopmentoftheU.S.asanationowesmuchtothisphilosophy.

C.Itisaboutthefreedomofactioninthefieldofeconomic.

D.Itisaboutthedoctrinesofprivate-sectoreconomy.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.satisfytheneedsofotherpeople

B.satisfytheirownneeds

C.formasociety

D.promotedivisionoflabor

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Individualsarekeenontheirowninterest

B.Intheirsub-consciousness,peoplewishtoservethecommunity

C.Inpursingtheirself-interest,individualsbringbenefitstosociety.

D.Theindividuals’economicbehaviorisregulatedbysomeinvisiblebeing.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.forcingthebusinessestodevelopnewandbetterproducts

B.givingeveryindividualafairchanceofabetterjob

C.tohelpdeterminetheprocessofgoodsandservices

D.tohelpregulatethewagesofpeopleemployed

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.frequentlyintervenethemarket

B.strictlyregulatethemarket

C.giventhemarketmuchfreedom

D.intervenethemarketonlywhenitlikes

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】1.根據(jù)第一段的內(nèi)容可知,選項(xiàng)A表述不準(zhǔn)確,應(yīng)該是19世紀(jì)以及20世紀(jì)初期；選項(xiàng)B“owesmuchtothisphilosophy”在文中沒有提及；根據(jù)第一段最后一句“Economicliberalismpromotedfreedomofactionfortheindividualandthefirm...”可知選項(xiàng)C正確,選項(xiàng)D錯(cuò)誤。經(jīng)濟(jì)自由主義是關(guān)于經(jīng)濟(jì)領(lǐng)域行動(dòng)自由的討論,而不是關(guān)于私營經(jīng)濟(jì)的理論。所以本題選C。

2.根據(jù)第二段第四句“..toincreasepersonaleconomicwelfare,anindividualmightdecidetoproducegoodsandsellthemforprofit.”可知,人們交換商品和服務(wù)是為了滿足個(gè)人需求。選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

3.根據(jù)第二段最后一句“AccordingtoAdamSmith,theindividual,inseekingpersonalgain,wasledbyaninvisiblehandtopromotethewelfareofthewholecommunity.”根據(jù)AdamSmith的觀點(diǎn),個(gè)人在追求自身利益時(shí),被一只看不見的手牽著,以促進(jìn)整個(gè)社會(huì)的福利。也就是說,在追求自身利益的過程中,個(gè)人給社會(huì)帶來了利益。選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

4.根據(jù)第三段的內(nèi)容可知,競爭可以促使公司開發(fā)新產(chǎn)品,決定商品的價(jià)格和服務(wù),甚至還會(huì)影響工資比率。選項(xiàng)A,C,D均有提及,只有選項(xiàng)B沒有提及。

5.根據(jù)最后一段第二句“Accordingtothispolicy,thegovernmentkeptitshandsofftheeconomicactivitiesofindividualsandbusinesses.”根據(jù)這項(xiàng)政策,政府不干涉?zhèn)€人和企業(yè)的經(jīng)濟(jì)活動(dòng)。選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

11.單選題

Thenumberofpeoplebuyingprivateautosisstillrisingrapidly,thereforetheeffectofthegovernment'songoingeffortstocutairpollutionremainsopentoquestion.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.rapidly,therefore

B.ongoingeffortstocut

C.remainsopen

D.toquestion.

E.沒有問題

【答案】E

12.單選題

Thoughseriouslydamagedbyafire,theancientmansionwaseventually（）toitsoriginalsplendor.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.repaired

B.renewed

C.restored

D.renovated

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)repair“修理；補(bǔ)救，糾正”；B選項(xiàng)renew“使更新；續(xù)借；續(xù)費(fèi)”；C選項(xiàng)restore“恢復(fù)；修復(fù)；歸還”；D選項(xiàng)renovate“更新；革新；刷新”。句意：盡管被一場火災(zāi)嚴(yán)重?fù)p壞，但這個(gè)古老的宅第最后被恢復(fù)到了它原來的壯麗。結(jié)合此處語境，C選項(xiàng)正確。

13.單選題

In1914,anapparentlyinsignificanteventinaremotepanofEasternEurope_______Europeintoagreatwar.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.pitched

B.imposed

C.inserted

D.plunged

【答案】D

【解析】pitched傾斜;投擲;imposed強(qiáng)加的;inserted插入;plunged投入,陷入。句意：1914年,東歐一個(gè)偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)發(fā)生的一件顯然無關(guān)緊要的事件使歐洲陷入了一場大戰(zhàn)。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

14.單選題

Tosaythatthechildlearnsbyimitationandthatthewaytoteachistosetagoodexampleoversimplifies.Nochildimitateseveryactionhesees.Sometimes,theexampletheparentwantshimtofollowisifporedwhilehetakesovercontrarypatternsfromsomeotherexample.Thereforewemustturntoamoresubtletheorythan"Monkeysee,monkeydo."

Lookatitfromthechild'spointofview.Hereheisinanewsituation,lackingareadyresponse.Heisseekingaresponsewhichwillgaincertainends.Ifhelacksareadyresponseforthesituation,andcannotreasonoutwhattodo,heobservesamodelwhoseemsabletogettherightresult.Thechildlooksforanauthorityorexpertwhocanshowwhattodo.

Thereisasecondelementatworkinthissituation.Thechildmaybeabletoattainhisimmediategoalonlytofindthathismethodbringscriticismfrompeoplewhoobservehim.Whenshoutingacrossthehouseachieveshisimmediateendofdeliveringamessage,heistoldemphaticallythatsucharacket(叫嚷)isunpleasant,thatheshouldwalkintothenextroomandsayhissayquietly.Thus,thedesiretosolveanyobjectivesituationisoverlaidwiththedesiretosolveitproperly.Oneoftheearlythingsthechildlearnsisthathegetsmoreattentionandapprovalwhenhisparentslikehisresponse.Thenotheradultsrewardsomeactionsandcriticizeothers.Ifoneistomaintainthesupportofothersandhisownself-respect,hemustadoptresponseshissocialgroupapproves.

Infindingtrialresponses,thelearnerdoesnotchoosemodelsatrandom.Heimitatesthepersonwhoseemsagoodpersontobelike,ratherthanapersonwhosesocialstatushewishestoavoid.Ifthepupilwantstobeagoodviolinist,hewillobserveandtrytocopythetechniquesofcapableplayers,whilesomeotherpersonmaymostinfluencehisapproachtobooks.

Admirationofonequalityoftenleadsustoadmireapersonasawhole,andhebecomesanidentifyingfigure.Weusepeopleasmodelsoverawiderangeofsituations,imitatingmuchthattheydo.Welearnthattheyaredependableandrewardingmodelsbecauseimitatingthemleadstosuccess.

1.Forachildthefirstelementinhislearningis（

）.

2.Apartfromachievinghisdesiredresult,achildshouldalsolearnto

（

）.

3.Childrentendtoimitatethemodels

（

）.

4."Anidentifyingfigure"(Line2,Para.5)referstoaperson（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.theneedtofindanauthority

B.theneedtofindawaytoachievethedesiredresult

C.theneedformoreaffectionfromhisparents

D.thedesiretomeetthestandardsofhissocialgroup

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.behaveproperly

B.attainhisgoalassoonaspossible

C.showhisaffectionforhisparents

D.talkquietly

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.whodonotcriticizethem

B.whobringthemunexpectedrewards

C.whomtheywanttobelike

D.whosesocialstatusishigh

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.whoservesasamodelforothers

B.whoisalwayssuccessful

C.whocanbedependedupon

D.whohasbeenrewardedforhissuccess

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:A

【解析】第1題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由第二段“Ifhelacksareadyresponseforthesituation,andcannotreasonoutwhattodo,heobservesamodelwhoseemsabletogettherightresult.Thechildlooksforanauthorityorexpertwhocanshowwhattodo.如果兒童對新情況缺乏一個(gè)快速的反應(yīng)，并且不能推斷出該做什么，他就會(huì)觀察學(xué)習(xí)那些能給出正確結(jié)果的人。孩子尋找權(quán)威人士或?qū)＜襾砀嬖V他們該做什么?！笨芍⒆幽７聦W(xué)習(xí)的首要原因是他們需要找到一種能得到想要的結(jié)果的方式，他們并不是模仿所有的東西。由此可知B項(xiàng)正確。

第2題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由第三段的舉例及“Thechildmaybeabletoattainhisimmediategoalonlytofindthathismethodbringscriticismfrompeoplewhoobservehim.孩子也許能夠達(dá)到他的直接目標(biāo)，但卻發(fā)現(xiàn)他的方法招致了觀察他的人的批評?！币约啊癟hus,thedesiretosolveanyobjectivesituationisoverlaidwiththedesiretosolveitproperly.因此，解決任何客觀情況的愿望都被以恰當(dāng)方式解決問題的愿望所覆蓋?！笨芍眠m當(dāng)?shù)姆椒▉斫鉀Q問題很重要。答案A

第3題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由第四段“Ifthepupilwantstobeagoodviolinist,hewillobserveandtrytocopythetechniquesofcapableplayers,whilesomeotherpersonmaymostinfluencehisapproachtobooks.如果一個(gè)學(xué)生想成為一名優(yōu)秀的小提琴手，他會(huì)觀察并嘗試模仿有能力的演奏者的技巧，如果他喜歡閱讀，那么書本上的對他影響最大的人可能是其想模仿的對象。”故C項(xiàng)正確。

第4題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由第五段第一句“Admirationofonequalityoftenleadsustoadmireapersonasawhole,andhebecomesanidentifyingfigure.欣賞一個(gè)人的某種品質(zhì)常常會(huì)令我們仰慕整個(gè)人，這個(gè)人就變成了我們的榜樣。由“admireapersonasawhole”可推斷出該詞意為“榜樣”，故答案A

15.單選題

（

）asleep,theinjuredwasreallyawakeandlistening.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Althoughpretendingtobe

B.Being

C.Tobe

D.While

【答案】A

【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞?？崭裉幩诰渥雍蟀刖渚湟猓哼@個(gè)傷員清醒并且在認(rèn)真聽著?？芍崭裉帒?yīng)該是表示假裝睡著，選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

16.單選題

Plantsraisedingreenhousesaretendedmethodicallyinanattempttocreatethebestpossibleconditionsfortheirgrowth.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.systematically

B.naturally

C.personally

D.lovingly

【答案】A

【解析】考查副詞辨析。methodically表示“有方法地，有系統(tǒng)地”；A項(xiàng)systematically“系統(tǒng)地”，B項(xiàng)naturally“自然地”，C項(xiàng)personally“個(gè)人地”，D項(xiàng)lovingly“親切地，鐘愛地”。句意：在溫室里培育的植物受到系統(tǒng)地照料，盡可能為它們的生長創(chuàng)造最好的可能條件。根據(jù)句意該題選A。

17.單選題

Therearehiddenfactorswhichscientistscall“feedbackmechanisms”.Nooneknowsquitehowtheywillinteractwiththechangingclimate.Here’soneexample:plantsandanimalsadapttoclimatechangeovercenturies.Atthecurrentestimateofhalfadegreecentigradeofwarmingperdecade,vegetationmaynotkeepup.ClimatologistJamesHansenpredictsclimatezoneswillshifttowardthepolesby50to75kilometersayear―fasterthantreescannaturallymigrate.Speciesthatfindthemselvesinanunfamiliarenvironmentwilldie.The1000kilometer-widestripofforestrunningthroughCanada,theUSSR,andScandinaviacouldbecutbyhalf.Millionsofdyingtreeswouldsoonleadtomassiveforestfires,releasingtonsofC02andfurtherboostingglobalwarming.

Therearedozensofotherpossible“feedbackmechanisms”.Highertemperatureswillfuelcondensationandincreasecloudiness,whichmayactuallydampdownglobalwarming.Others,likethe“albedo”effect,willdotheopposite.The“albedo”effectistheamountofsolarenergyreflectedbytheearth'ssurface.Asnortherniceandsnowmeltsandthedarkerseaandlandpokesthrough,moreheatwillbeabsorbed,addingtotheglobaltemperatureincrease.

Evenifweweretomagicallystopallgreenhouse-gasemissionstomorrowtheimpactonglobalclimatewouldcontinuefordecades.Delaywillsimplymaketheproblemworse.Thefactisthatsomeofusaredoingquitewellthewaythingsare.Inthedevelopedworldprosperityhasbeenbuilton150yearsofcheapfossilfuels.

Materialprogresshasbeenlinkedtoenergyconsumption.Today75percentofalltheworld'senergyisconsumedbyaquarteroftheworld’spopulation.Theaveragerichworldresidentaddsabout3.2tonsofC02yearlytotheatmosphere,morethanfourtimestheleveladdedbyeachThirdWorldcitizen.TheUS,withjust7percentoftheglobalpopulation,isresponsiblefor22percentofglobalwarming.

1.“Feedbackmechanisms”inParagraph1mostprobablyreferto（

）.

2.JamesHansenpredictsthattheshiftofclimatezoneswillbeaccompaniedby（

）.

3.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat（

）.

4.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat（

）.

5.Whichofthefollowingisthemaintopicofthepassage?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.howplantsandanimalsadapttohiddenfactors

B.howplantsandanimalsinteractwiththechangingclimate

C.howclimatechanges

D.howclimatezonesshift

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.thecuttingofmanytrees

B.desirableenvironmentalchanges

C.successfulmigrationofspecies

D.unsuccessfulmigrationoftrees

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.somefeedbackmechanismsmayslowdownglobalwarming

B.thebasicfactsofglobalwarmingareunknown

C.developingcountriesbenefitfromcheapfossilfuels

D.developedcountrieshavedecidedtoreducetheirenergyconsumption?

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.thedevelopingworldhasdecidedtoincreaseitsenergyconsumption

B.athird-worldcitizenaddslessthanatonofC02yearlytotheatmosphere

C.theworldclimatewouldsoongainitsbalanceifwestoppedgreenhouse-gasemissions

D.futureprosperityoftheworldisdependentoncheapfossilfuels

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.MaterialProgressandEnergyConsumption.

B.ProsperityandCheapFossilFuels.

C.ImpactofGlobalWarmingonClimate.

D.PlantsandAnimalsintheChangingClimate.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】1.判斷推理題。根據(jù)文章第一段，作者舉出了植物和動(dòng)物適應(yīng)氣候變化的例子。氣溫上升可能對植被的生長帶來不利影響，氣候區(qū)的移動(dòng)會(huì)使處于陌生環(huán)境下的物種死亡。瀕臨死亡的植被會(huì)引發(fā)火災(zāi)釋放大量的二氧化碳，從而進(jìn)一步加劇全球變暖。可判斷出第一段主要討論了動(dòng)植物和氣候變化之間的相互作用和相互關(guān)系。所謂的“反饋機(jī)制”就是這種相互作用的關(guān)系。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)文章第一段，“ClimatologistJamesHansenpredictsclimatezoneswillshifttowardthepolesby50to75kilometersayear―fasterthantreescannaturallymigrate.Speciesthatfindthemselvesinanunfamiliarenvironmentwilldie.”，可知?dú)夂驅(qū)W家詹姆斯?漢森預(yù)測，氣候區(qū)將以每年50至75公里的速度向兩極移動(dòng)，比樹的自然移動(dòng)速度要快。而且發(fā)現(xiàn)自己身處陌生環(huán)境的物種將會(huì)死亡?？膳袛喑稣材匪?漢森預(yù)測，氣候區(qū)域的變化將伴隨著樹木不成功地遷移。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)文章第二段，“Therearedozensofotherpossible‘feedbackmechanisms’.Highertemperatureswillfuelcondensationandincreasecloudiness,whichmayactuallydampdownglobalwarming.”，可知還有許多其他的反饋機(jī)制。更高的溫度將加劇凝結(jié)并增加云層，這實(shí)際上可能會(huì)減緩全球變暖?？膳袛喑鲆恍┓答仚C(jī)制可能會(huì)減緩全球變暖。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

4.判斷推理題。根據(jù)文章最后一段，“Theaveragerichworldresidentaddsabout3.2tonsofC02yearlytotheatmosphere,morethanfourtimestheleveladdedbyeachThirdWorldcitizen.”，可知富裕國家居民平均每年向大氣中排放3.2噸二氧化碳，是第三世界居民人均排放量的四倍多?？膳袛喑鲆粋€(gè)第三世界國家的居民每年向大氣中排放的二氧化碳還不到一噸。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

5.主旨大意題?？v觀全文，文章第一段主要討論了動(dòng)植物和全球氣候變暖之間的相互作用和相互關(guān)系，著重討論氣候變暖給動(dòng)植物帶來的影響。第二段主要提到有些反饋機(jī)制也能減緩全球變暖，而有些反饋機(jī)制會(huì)加快氣溫上升。最后提到富國比第三世界國家的二氧化碳排放量要更多，這是因?yàn)槲镔|(zhì)進(jìn)步與能源消耗有關(guān)。綜上所述，整篇文章主題為全球變暖對氣候的影響。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

18.單選題

Wedon’tthinkthathis（

）abilityhasbeenwelldeveloped.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.possible

B.potential

C.initial

D.invisible

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。possible“可能的”；potential“有潛力的”；initial“最初的”；invisible“看不見的”。句意：我們認(rèn)為他的潛力沒有被好好挖掘。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

19.單選題

Readinginvolveslookingatgraphicsymbolsandformu