考研考博-英語-天津交通職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解4

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-天津交通職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

MissRobintriedto（

）allerrorsfromthetypescriptbygoingthroughitverycarefully.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.object

B.duplicate

C.approve

D.eliminate

【答案】D

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)“反對(duì)，抗議”；B選項(xiàng)“復(fù)制，重復(fù)”；C選項(xiàng)“同意，贊成”；D選項(xiàng)“消除，清除，淘汰”；依據(jù)句意‘羅賓小姐仔細(xì)檢查打字稿，力求消除所有的錯(cuò)誤’確定D選項(xiàng)正確。

2.單選題

Thechildhasagood（）memory:shecanrepeatthestorieshermothertellsherexactly.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.convey

B.verbal

C.optimistic

D.authentic

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。convey動(dòng)詞，“傳達(dá)，運(yùn)輸”；verbal“口頭的，言語的”；optimistic“樂觀的”；authentic“真正的”。根據(jù)下文“她能準(zhǔn)確地復(fù)述她母親講給她聽的故事”，說明孩子的口頭記憶很好，所以選項(xiàng)B正確。

3.單選題

Myhusbandatea____breakfastbeforehesetoffforhisremotefarmhouse.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.prime

B.convenient

C.hearty

D.heady

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)“prime”，意為“最初的，首位的”；B選項(xiàng)“convenient”，意為“方便的，附近的”；C選項(xiàng)“hearty”，意為“衷心的，強(qiáng)健的，營養(yǎng)豐富的，豐盛的”；D選項(xiàng)“heady”，意為“頑固的，任性的”。句意：我的丈夫在啟程去偏遠(yuǎn)農(nóng)舍之前，享用了一頓豐盛的早餐。因此，C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

4.單選題

Lincoln,whomanyregardasoneofourgreatpresidents,wasoften（

）despitehisreputationoftellinggoodjokes.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.bright

B.optimistic

C.gloomy

D.cheerful

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：林肯被很多人認(rèn)為是偉大的總統(tǒng)之一，盡管他以幽默聞名，但是他經(jīng)常比較憂郁。bright“明亮的”；optimistic“樂觀的”；gloomy“陰郁的”；cheerful“快樂的，愉快的”。根據(jù)despite一詞可知空格處的內(nèi)容與后面的內(nèi)容形成對(duì)比，因此根據(jù)句意選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

5.單選題

Inmostcountries,thelawonorgantransplantationispoorlydefined,aslegislationhasnotyetbeencreatedtocopewiththisadvanceinsurgery.Theexistingframeworkrelatingtophysicalassaultandcareofthedeadhasnoprovisionfororgantransplantation.Itiscustomarytoaskthepermissionoftherelatives,butbecauseorganremovalmusttakeplaceimmediatelyafterdeath,itmaybeimpossibletoreachtherelativesintime.Ithasbeensuggestedthatthereshouldbeawidespreadcampaigntoencouragepersonstoprovideintheirwillsthattheirorgansbeusedfortransplantation.Analternativeistoprovidebylawthatpermissionisassumedunlessremovalhasbeenforbiddenbytheindividualinhislifetime.SuchlawshavebeenpassedinDenmark,France,Sweden,Italy,andIsrael.Compulsorypostmortemexamination,afarmoreextensiveprocedurethanorganremovalforgrafting,isrequiredinmostcountriesafterunexpecteddeath,andthiscompulsionisnotamatterofpublicconcernanddebate.

Therewouldseemtobenoreasonwhyorganremovalfortransplantationpurposesshouldnotalsobeacceptabletopublicopinion,providedthereisamechanismbywhichindividualsintheirlifetimecanrefusethispermission.This,ofcourse,requiresanefficientregisterofthosewhoindicatetheirrefusal;theregisterwouldbeconsultedbeforeanyorganswouldberemoved.Itisimportantthattherebepublicreassurancethatconsiderationoftransplantationwouldnotimpairnormalresuscitativeeffortsofthepotentialdonor.

Transplantationhasobviouslyraisedimportantethicalconsiderationsconcerningthediagnosisofdeath,andparticularly,howfarresuscitationshouldbecontinued.Everyeffortmustbemadetorestoretheheartbeattosomeonewhohashadasuddencardiacarrestorbreathingtosomeonewhocannotbreathe.Artificialrespirationandmassageoftheheart,thestandardmethodsofresuscitation,arecontinueduntilitisclearthatthebrainisdead.Mostphysiciansconsiderthatbeyondthispointeffortsatresuscitationareuseless.

1.Accordingtotheauthor,whichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTasuggestionmadeinthepassage?

3.Theword“impair”attheendofParagraph2canbebestreplacedby（

）.

4.Itisbelievedthateffortsatresuscitationareuselesswhen

（

）.

5.Whichofthefollowingsentencescanbestsumupthepassage?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Mostcountriesdonothaveaneffectivelawonorgantransplantation

B.Thetraditionalwaysofaskingforpermissionofrelativesfororganremovaldosnotprovedtobealwaysfeasible

C.Itishardtounderstandwhypeopleshouldremainsilentoncompulsorypostmortemexamafterunexpecteddeath.

D.Insomecountriesthesearelawsprovidingthatthepermissionoforganremovalistakenforgrantedunlessithasbeenrefusedbythepersoninhislifetime.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Peopleshouldbeencouragedtodonatetheirorgansafterdeath

B.Organremovalshouldbepermittedinthecourseofcompulsorypostmortemexam.

C.Organremovalfortransplantationshouldbeadvocatedbecauseitbenefitsthehumansociety

D.Organremovalfortransplantationcouldbeconsideredlegalunlessthedeadpersonstatedotherwiseinhislifetime.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.neglect

B.weaken

C.cometogetherwith

D.besuperiorto

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.artificialrespirationandmassageofthehearthaveyieldednoobviousresult

B.aperson’sheartbeatandbreathhastotallystopped

C.standardmethodsofresuscitationhavefailed

D.thebrainiscertainlydead

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Legalandethicalproblemsoforgantransplantation

B.Someunderlyingprinciplesonorgantransplantation

C.Thediagnosisofdeathbeforeorgantransplantation

D.Thedifferencebetweencompulsorypostmortemexamandorgantransplantation

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第一段首句Inmostcountries,thelawonorgantransplantationispoorlydefined,aslegislationhasnotyetbeencreatedtocopewiththisadvanceinsurgery.（在大多數(shù)國家，器官移植的法律定義很不明確，因?yàn)樯形粗贫ǔ鲠槍?duì)外科手術(shù)進(jìn)步的立法）可知A選項(xiàng)“大多數(shù)國家沒有關(guān)于器官移植的有效法律”正確；由第一段中的Itiscustomarytoaskthepermissionoftherelatives,butbecauseorganremovalmusttakeplaceimmediatelyafterdeath,itmaybeimpossibletoreachtherelativesintime.（習(xí)慣上要征得親屬的允許，但由于器官的摘除必須在死亡后立即進(jìn)行，可能無法及時(shí)聯(lián)系到親屬）可知B選項(xiàng)“傳統(tǒng)的器官摘除請(qǐng)求親屬許可的方法并不總是可行的”正確；由第一段中的Analternativeistoprovidebylawthatpermissionisassumedunlessremovalhasbeenforbiddenbytheindividualinhislifetime.SuchlawshavebeenpassedinDenmark,France,Sweden,Italy,andIsrael.（另一種辦法是通過法律規(guī)定，除非個(gè)人在一生中禁止摘除，否則必須獲得許可。丹麥、法國、瑞典、意大利和以色列都通過了這樣的法律）可知D選項(xiàng)“在一些國家，這些法律規(guī)定，除非個(gè)人在一生中拒絕摘除，否則摘除器官的許可是理所當(dāng)然的”正確。通過排除法排除A、B、D，因此選C。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第一段中的Ithasbeensuggestedthatthereshouldbeawidespreadcampaigntoencouragepersonstoprovideintheirwillsthattheirorgansbeusedfortransplantation.（有人建議，應(yīng)開展廣泛的宣傳，鼓勵(lì)人們?cè)谄溥z囑中規(guī)定將其器官用于移植）可知A選項(xiàng)“應(yīng)該鼓勵(lì)人們?cè)谒篮缶璜I(xiàn)器官”和C選項(xiàng)“器官移植應(yīng)該提倡，因?yàn)樗欣谌祟惿鐣?huì)”正確；由第一段中的Analternativeistoprovidebylawthatpermissionisassumedunlessremovalhasbeenforbiddenbytheindividualinhislifetime.（另一種辦法是通過法律規(guī)定，除非個(gè)人在一生中禁止摘除，否則必須獲得許可）可知D選項(xiàng)“移植器官的摘除可被視為合法，除非死者在其有生之年另有說明”符合題意。通過排除法排除A、C、D，因此選B。

3.詞義題。neglect意為“忽視，疏忽”；weaken意為“減弱，削弱”；cometogetherwith意為“和……一起”；besuperiorto意為“優(yōu)越于，不受誘惑”?！癷mpair”出現(xiàn)文章第二段“Itisimportantthattherebepublicreassurancethatconsiderationoftransplantationwouldnotimpairnormalresuscitativeeffortsofthepotentialdonor.（重要的是，政府要保證，考慮移植不會(huì)……潛在供者的正常復(fù)蘇努力）”中，由此可知B選項(xiàng)最符合邏輯關(guān)系。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章最后一段中的Artificialrespirationandmassageoftheheart,thestandardmethodsofresuscitation,arecontinueduntilitisclearthatthebrainisdead.Mostphysiciansconsiderthatbeyondthispointeffortsatresuscitationareuseless.（人工呼吸和心臟按摩以及復(fù)蘇的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)方法一直持續(xù)到腦死亡。大多數(shù)醫(yī)生認(rèn)為除此之外，努力復(fù)蘇是無用的）可知選D。

5.主旨大意題。本文主要介紹了器官移植法律和倫理方面的問題，因此選A。

6.單選題

Twothirdsofthebooks______soldoutbutonly10percentoftheincome______tome.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.was;were

B.was;was

C.were;was

D.were;were

【答案】C

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.was;were是（單數(shù)）；是（復(fù)數(shù)）B.was;was是（單數(shù)）；是（單數(shù)）

C.were;was是（復(fù)數(shù)）；是（單數(shù)）D.were;were是（復(fù)數(shù)）；是（復(fù)數(shù)）

【考查點(diǎn)】主謂一致。

【解題思路】第一個(gè)空格的主語是Twothirdsofthebooks（三分之二的書籍），book是可數(shù)名詞且用的是復(fù)數(shù)形式，所以第一個(gè)空格要填入were；第二個(gè)空格的主語是10percentoftheincome（百分之十的收入），income是不可數(shù)名詞，所以第二個(gè)空格填入was，該題選擇C項(xiàng)恰當(dāng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、D項(xiàng)不符合主謂一致原則。

【句意】三分之二的書賣完了，但只有10%的收入歸我所有。

7.單選題

Thedogsfollowedthe______oftheescapedconvictandfinallyfoundouthishideout.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.complexion

B.fragrance

C.perfume

D.scent

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A項(xiàng)complexion“膚色”，B項(xiàng)fragrance“芳香”，C項(xiàng)perfume“香水”，D項(xiàng)scent“氣味，嗅覺”。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞dog“狗”和escapedconvict“逃犯”可知，空白部分填入“氣味”符合句意。句意：狗追蹤逃犯的氣味，終于找到了他的藏身處。因此，該題選擇D項(xiàng)正確。

8.單選題

Itisdifficulttodistinguishbetweenthethingsthatcharismaticfiguresdo（

）andthosethatarecarefullycontrivedforeffect.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.formally

B.publicly

C.spontaneously

D.willfully

【答案】C

【解析】副詞辨析題。formally“正式地，形式上”；publicly“公然地，以公眾名義”；spontaneously“自發(fā)地，不由自主地”；willfully“故意地，任性固執(zhí)地”。根句意‘我們很難區(qū)分有頌袖氣質(zhì)是人（

）做出的事情還是那些為了做樣子而故意策劃出事情?！芍崭裉幩钤~要跟“carefullycontrivedforeffect為了做樣子而故意策劃”對(duì)應(yīng)，所以C選項(xiàng)“自發(fā)地”正確。

9.單選題

Whenhetriedtomakea（

）,hefoundthatthehotelwascompletelyfilledbecauseofaconvention.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.claim

B.booking

C.revision

D.reservation

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。claim意為“聲稱”；booking意為“預(yù)約，預(yù)定”；revision意為“修訂，修改”；reservation意為“預(yù)訂，預(yù)約”。makeareservation比較正式、規(guī)范；makeabooking更口語化。

句意：當(dāng)他想訂房時(shí)，他發(fā)現(xiàn)想入住的酒店由于有一個(gè)會(huì)議而住滿了。

10.單選題

Marysatatthetable,lookedattheplateand（

）herlips.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.smacked

B.opened

C.parted

D.separated

【答案】A

【解析】固定搭配。句意:瑪麗坐在桌旁，盯著盤子里的美食垂涎三尺。

Smackone’slips“舔（或砸）嘴唇（表示贊賞、滿意或垂涎）；發(fā)讒”。

11.填空題

Aconsiderableamountofmedicalresearchisaimedatidentifyingriskfactorsfordisease.Therationalebehindthisworkisthatwherepeopleareinformedoftheirrisk,theywillhappilychangetheirbehaviortolowerthatrisk.（1）thisiscertainlyareasonableassumption,itturnsoutthatthingsarenotquitethatsimpleandstraightforward.Firstofall,healthisnotnecessarilyatoppriorityineveryone’slifeand,forthesepeople,changingbehaviorintheinterestsofhealthmayinterfere（2）other,moreimportantmatters.Second,thebenefitstobederived（3）suchchangesrarelyareimmediateorobvious.Usually,improvementsinhealthtakeplaceoverlongperiodsoftimeandarequitesubtle.（4）,weareallsobombardedwithinformationaboutthethousandsofhealthhazardstowhichweareexposed（5）mostofus“tuneout”muchofthisinformation.Thislatterissueiscompoundedbythefactthatmuchofnewinformationtowhichweareexposedthroughthemediaisexaggeratedand,asoftenasnot,iscontradictedlaterbyeven“newer”information.Fortheseandotherreasons,simplyknowingaboutariskdoesnotnecessarilyensurethatpeoplewilltakeappropriatestepsto（6）it.（7）whenpeoplewanttochangetheirbehavior,thisisnoteasytodo.Forexample,theoverwhelmingmajorityofsmokersinthiscountrywanttoquit,but（8）greateffortveryfewareabletodoso.Mostsmokersacknowledge,atsomelevel,thathealthhazardsassociatedwithsmokingandmostwishthattherewereasimpleandpainlesswaytostop.（9）thenumberofpeoplewhowanttoloseweightisverylarge,butfewofthesepeopleareabletodoitandeven（10）areabletomaintainsuchweightlosses.

【答案】1.Although

2.with

3.from

4.meanwhile

5.to

6.change

7.even

8.make

9.and

10.none

【解析】1.考查前后邏輯關(guān)系?？崭袼幍木渥雍蟀刖涓鞍刖溆修D(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，所以應(yīng)該填入轉(zhuǎn)折連詞。

2.考查固定搭配。interfere“（利害、要求等）抵觸，沖突”，常與with連用。

3.考查固定搭配。bederivedfrom是固定搭配，意思是“來自，從……而產(chǎn)生出來的”。

4.考查前后邏輯關(guān)系?？崭袼诘木渥雍颓懊娴木渥邮遣⒘嘘P(guān)系，填入的詞與后面用逗號(hào)隔開，meanwhile符合題意。

5.考查固定搭配。beexposedto是固定搭配，意思是“暴露”。

6.考查上下文語境。空格后面的it指的是“behavior”，文章第二句、第四句都提到了changebehavior，所以空格處應(yīng)該填change。

7.考查前后邏輯關(guān)系?？崭袼诘木渥优c后半句thisisnoteasytodo構(gòu)成讓步假設(shè)，所以even（即使）符合題意。

8.考查固定搭配。makeeffort“做出努力”。

9.考查前后邏輯關(guān)系。空格所在的句子舉了減肥的例子佐證作者的觀點(diǎn)，與前面的句子是并列的關(guān)系。所以and符合題意。

10.考查上下文語義。句意：很多人想減肥，但是只有少數(shù)人能做到，甚至沒有人能夠堅(jiān)持減肥。空格所處的句子需要一個(gè)主語，所以none符合題意。

12.翻譯題

Directions:ReadthefollowingtextcarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsegmentsintoChinese.YourtranslationshouldbewrittenclearlyonANSWERSHEET.

Thereallycriticalimplicationofthediscoverystilllieswiththedoorthatgeneticistshaveopenedontheenvironmentalinfluencesofourbehavior,ourpersonalitiesandourhealth,andforthecriticalblowitstrikestheideaofbiologicaldeterminism.

41.Forthepastdecade,thepublichaswitnessedarisingepidemicoftalesofdiscoveriesofgenesthatdisposehumanitytohomosexuality,toalcoholism,topoliticalpersuasion,torunningability,andtoartistictaste.

Butevenbeforeyesterday’srevelationsbyVenter,scientistshadstoppedbelievinginthegaygene.Yetbeliefinitsexistencestillpersistsamongthepublic.42.Theassaultonbiologicaldeterminismthatgeneticistshavenowtriggeredwillbetimely,andhumannatureisalotmorecomplexandintriguingthandeterministshavegivenitcreditfor.

IthasbecomeincreasinglyfashionableforindividualsparticularlyintheUnitedStatestoblameactionsandcrimesontheinfluenceoftheirgenes.SeveralUSdefendantsaccusedofviolentcrimeshavearguedthattheywereinnocentvictimsoftheirgenes.43.Inotherwords,geneticpredestinationcouldsoonhavebeenusedtoexcusemurderorrobbery—ifithadnotbeenforthisdiscoverythatwelackthegenestothusdisposeus!

KevinDaviesistheauthorof“TheSequence”,astoryofthehumangenomerace.Hesaid.44.“Therehasbeenarecentstudyonperfectpitch,theabilitytoknowtheabsolutepitchofamusicalnote,thatstronglysuggeststhatisacquiredthroughtheinheritanceofasinglegene.”“Thatmaysoundlikeaclear-cutpieceofbiologicaldeterminism.However,thereisacrucialcorollaryyouhavetobeexposedtoearlymusicaltrainingfortheabilitytomaterialize.Inotherwords,eveninseeminglysimpleinheritedabilities,nurturehasaroletoplay.”

AndthenthereisthecasequotedbyVenter.Taketheexampleofcolon(結(jié)腸)cancer.Peoplesaythereisagenethatpredisposesustothedisease.Andcertainlyitrunsinfamilies.45.However,itisonlythecolonwherewefindallsortsoftoxinsandbacteriathatprovidetheharshcircumstancesthatfinallycausethatgenetobreakdownandforcancertospread.

Inshort,itisnotacoloncancergenebutagenethataffectsourabilitytorespondtotheenvironment.Andthatiswhathumannatureisallabout.

【答案】41.近十年來，有關(guān)基因發(fā)現(xiàn)的傳聞漫天飛。這些發(fā)現(xiàn)稱，基因與人的同性戀傾向、酗酒、政治信仰和奔跑能力、藝術(shù)鑒賞力等都息息相關(guān)。

42.遺傳學(xué)家現(xiàn)在對(duì)生物決定論的攻擊是及時(shí)的，而且人類的本性遠(yuǎn)比決定論者想象的更加復(fù)雜和迷人。

43.換句話說，如果發(fā)現(xiàn)缺少基因的數(shù)量可以用來證明基因不能夠控制我們的行為，某些人便會(huì)利用基因決定論來洗刷他們謀殺和搶劫的罪名。

44.最近有一項(xiàng)關(guān)于音調(diào)辨別能力的研究，即判斷音符絕對(duì)音高的能力。該研究結(jié)果明顯表明完美音高是通過單純基因遺傳獲得的。

45.但只有在結(jié)腸部位，才能夠找到構(gòu)成病變環(huán)境的各種毒素和細(xì)菌，它們會(huì)導(dǎo)致該基因最終損壞，致使癌細(xì)胞擴(kuò)散。

13.單選題

Lifeisoften（）toadream.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.liked

B.resembled

C.comparing

D.likened

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)like“喜歡；想；愿意”；B選項(xiàng)resemble“類似，像”；C選項(xiàng)compare“比較，對(duì)比”；D選項(xiàng)liken“比擬；把…比作”。句意：人生常被喻為一場(chǎng)夢(mèng)。此題選D，belikento表示“好比”。

14.單選題

Justasthesoilisapartoftheearth,______theatmosphere.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.asitis

B.thesameis

C.sois

D.andequallyis

【答案】C

【解析】考查倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。句意：正如土壤是地球的一部分一樣，大氣也是地球的一部分。So+助動(dòng)詞或系動(dòng)詞等+另一個(gè)主語B，說明主語B和主句的主語具有同樣的性質(zhì)，在句中大氣和土壤具有同樣的性質(zhì)，即都屬于地球的一部分，C選項(xiàng)sois符合題意。其余選項(xiàng)用法錯(cuò)誤。A選項(xiàng)asitis“事實(shí)上”；B選項(xiàng)thesameis“相同的是”，放進(jìn)題目構(gòu)成兩個(gè)獨(dú)立的句子，語法錯(cuò)誤；D選項(xiàng)andequallyis中equally是副詞，不能充當(dāng)主語。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

15.單選題

Themostsuccessfulwaytosolvethelanguageproblemwhileaforeignplayisbeingperformedis（

）translation.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.homogeneous

B.simultaneous

C.instantaneous

D.spontaneous

【答案】B

【解析】形容詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)homogeneous“均勻的，同質(zhì)的”；B選項(xiàng)simultaneous“同時(shí)的”；C選項(xiàng)instantaneous“瞬間的”；D選項(xiàng)spontaneous“自發(fā)的，無意識(shí)的”。句意：解決外交活動(dòng)中的語言問題最成功的方法是同聲傳譯。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

16.單選題

Theprofessorknowshissubject,buthehastrouble（

）hisideasacrosstothestudents.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.getting

B.making

C.setting

D.forming

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定搭配。getacross通過，使……被理解；句意：這個(gè)教授知道他的主題，但他很難使自己的觀點(diǎn)被學(xué)生理解。

17.寫作題

Forthispartyouarerequiredtowriteacompositionofnolessthan150wordsaccordingtothefollowingtopic.PleasewriteyourcompositionclearlyontheAnswerSheetprovided.

TOPIC:

InChina,manycompanies,organizations,evenuniversities,refusetoemployfemaleschoolgraduates.Duringeconomicrecession,femaleemployeesarefrequentlythefirsttobelaidoff.Isitfair?Pleasewriteanessaytoexplainyourposition.Pleaseuseadequatematerialtosupportyourposition.

【答案】UnfairtoWoman18.單選題

Apoormanhasto（）manythingswhicharichmanregardsasalmostnecessariesinlife.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.gothrough

B.gowithout

C.goover

D.goabout

【答案】B

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。gothrough通過，仔細(xì)檢查；gowithout沒有……也行，常指被迫如此；goover復(fù)習(xí)；goabout著手做。句意：窮人沒有那些富人認(rèn)為是生活中必不可少的東西也能活。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

19.單選題

Therehavebeenseveralattemptstointroducegayercolorsandstylesinmen’sclothing,butnoneofthem（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.hascaughton

B.hascaughthimout

C.hascaughtup

D.takeroots

【答案】A

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)原形是catchon“理解，明白，變得流行”；B選項(xiàng)原形是catchout“發(fā)現(xiàn)……有錯(cuò)誤”；C選項(xiàng)原形是catchup“趕上”；D選項(xiàng)takeroots“生根，扎根”。句意“曾有幾次嘗試在男裝中引入更鮮艷的顏色和風(fēng)格，但都沒有流行起來”。選項(xiàng)A符合語境。

20.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingintoChinese.

1.TherecentspeculationincludesthepossibilitythatthefirstlivingcellsmighthavearisenonMars,seedingEarthviathemanymeteoritesthatareknowntotravelfromMarstoourplanet.

2.Veniceinvitesidlenessandstrolling.Itssilenceisrestfulanditssundialsareinscribedwithwords:Icountonlythehappyhours.

3.Failuretogreetapersonyourecognizeortoansweragreetinggiventoyouisanunkindnesstotheotherperson,andverybadmanners.

4.Everythingcanbetakenfromamanbutonething—thefreedomtochoosehisattitudeinanygivensetofcircumstances.(LeonhardFrand).

5.Thereisagrowingtrendofsendingteenagestudentsabroadtostudy—thenumberhasbeenincreasingdramatically.Theirparentsarefantasizedbymythsabouteducationofferedinforeigncountries.Theyareattractedbytheeducationalexhibitionspresentedbyforeignuniversitiesandcolleges,whichpaintmanyrosypicturesandtellmanyglowtalespromptingthemintoactions.However,sendingyoungchildrentostudyabroadmaynotpredictresultinsuccess.Manyyoungstudentslackadaptabilityandflexibility.

【答案】1.最近的推測(cè)包括第一批具有生命的細(xì)胞可能出現(xiàn)在火星上，通過很多從火星飛到地球的隕石將上面的種子播種到地球上。

2.威尼斯是人們休閑解悶、閑庭漫步的好去處，她從容寧靜，閑適悠然，連城中的日冕上都刻著這樣的銘文：只記住快樂的時(shí)光。

3.不向你認(rèn)識(shí)的人打招呼或不回應(yīng)別人的問候是不友好，也是非常不禮貌的行為。

4.任何東西都可以從一個(gè)人的身上拿走，但有一樣不行，那就是在任何特定的環(huán)境中選擇自己的生活態(tài)度的自由。（萊昂哈德?弗蘭克）

5.現(xiàn)在越來越流行送十幾歲的學(xué)生出國留學(xué)，而且這個(gè)人數(shù)也在急劇增加。他們的父母被外國提供的教育神話所迷惑。他們被外國大學(xué)和學(xué)院舉辦的教育展所吸引，這些展覽描繪了許多美好的畫面，講述了許多激勵(lì)他們采取行動(dòng)的光輝故事。然而，送孩子出國留學(xué)可能無法預(yù)測(cè)成功的結(jié)果。許多年輕學(xué)生缺乏適應(yīng)能力和靈活性。

21.單選題

Whennextyear’scropofhigh-schoolgraduatesarriveatOxfordUniversityinthefallof2009,they’llbejoinedbyanewface:AndrewHamilton,the55-year-oldprovost(教務(wù)長)ofYale,who’llbecomeOxford’svice-chancellor—apositionequaltouniversitypresidentinAmerica.

Hamiltonisn’ttheonlyeducatorcrossingtheAtlantic.SchoolsinFrance,Egypt,Singapore,etc.havealsorecentlymadetop-levelhiresfromabroad.Highereducationhasbecomeabigandcompetitivebusinessnowadays,andlikesomanybusinesses,it’sgoneglobal.Yetthetalentflowisn’tuniversal.High-levelpersonnel(人員)tendtoheadinonlyonedirection:outwardfromAmerica.

ThechiefreasonisthatAmericanschoolsdon’ttendtoseriouslyconsiderlookingabroad.Forexample,whentheboardoftheUniversityofColoradosearchedforanewpresident,itwantedaleaderfamiliarwiththestategovernment,amajorsourceoftheuniversity’sbudget.“Wedidn’tdoanyglobalconsideration,”saysPatriciaHayes,theboard’schair.TheboardfinallypickedBruceBenson,a69-year-oldColoradobusinessmanandpoliticalactivist(活動(dòng)家)whoislikelytodowellinthemaintaskofmodernuniversitypresidents:fund-raising.Fund-raisingisadistinctivelyAmericanthing,sinceU.S.schoolsrelyheavilyondonations.Thefund-raisingabilityislargelyaproductofexperienceandnecessity.

ManyEuropeanuniversities,meanwhile,arestillmostlydependentongovernmentfunding.Butgovernmentsupporthasfailedtokeeppacewithrisingstudentnumbers.Thedeclineingovernmentsupporthasmadefund-raisinganincreasinglynecessaryabilityamongadministrators(管理人員),andhashiringcommitteeshungryforAmericans.

Inthepastfewyears,well-knownschoolsaroundtheworldhavejoinedthetrend.In2003,whenCambridgeUniversityappointedAlisonRichard,anotherformerYaleprovost,asitsvice-chancellor,theuniversitypubliclystressedthatinherpreviousjobshehadoverseen“amajorstrengtheningofYale’sfinancialposition”.

Ofcourse,fund-raisingisn’ttheonlyskilloutsidersoffer.Theglobalizationofeducationmeansmoreuniversitieswillbeseekingheadswithinternationalexperienceofsomekindtopromoteinternationalprogramsandattractaglobalstudentbody.Foreignerscanofferafreshperspective(視角)onestablishedpractices.

1.Whatisthecurrenttrendinhighereducationdiscussedinthepassage?

2.WhatisthechiefconsiderationofAmericanuniversitieswhenhiringtop-leveladministrators?

3.WhatdowelearnaboutEuropeanuniversitiesfromthepassage?

4.CambridgeUniversityappointedAlisonRichardasitsvice-chancellorchieflybecause________.

5.Inwhatwaydotop-leveladministratorsfromabroadcontributetouniversitydevelopment?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.InstitutionworldwidearehiringadministratorsfromtheUS.

B.Alotofactivistsarebeinghiredasadministrators.

C.Americanuniversitiesareenrollingmoreinternationalstudents.

D.Universitypresidentsarepayingmoreattentiontofunding-raising.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Thepoliticalcorrectness.

B.Theirabilitytoraisefunds.

C.Theirfameinacademiccircles.

D.Theiradministrativeexperience.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Thetuitions(學(xué)費(fèi))theychargehavebeenrisingconsiderably.

B.Theiroperationisunderstrictgovernmentcontrol.

C.Theyarestrengtheningtheirpositionbyglobalization.

D.Mostoftheirmoneycomesfromthegovernment.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.shewasknowntobegoodatraisingmoney

B.shecouldhelpstrengthenitstieswithYale

C.sheknewhowtoattractstudentsoverseas

D.shehadboostedYale’sacademicstatus

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Theycanenhancetheuniversity’simage.

B.Theywillbringwiththemmoreinternationalfaculty.

C.Theywillviewalotofthingsfromanewperspective.

D.Theycansetupnewacademicdisciplines.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】1.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段倒數(shù)一、二句Yetthetalentflowisn’tuniversal.High-levelpersonneltendtoheadinonlyonedirection:outwardfromAmerica.（然而，人才流動(dòng)并非是世界性的。高層管理人員的流動(dòng)只傾向于一個(gè)方向：從美國向外。），可知當(dāng)前高等教育傾向于從美國招聘管理人員，A選項(xiàng)“世界各地的機(jī)構(gòu)都在從美國招聘管理人員”正確。B選項(xiàng)“許多積極分子被聘為管理員”，C選項(xiàng)“美國大學(xué)正在擴(kuò)招國際學(xué)生”和D選項(xiàng)“大學(xué)校長更加注重籌款”文中沒有提到。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

2.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第四句TheboardfinallypickedBruceBenson,a69-year-oldColoradobusinessmanandpoliticalactivistwhoislikelytodowellinthemaintaskofmodernuniversitypresidents:fund-raising.（董事會(huì)最終聘用了布魯斯?本森，一位69歲的科羅拉多商人和政治活動(dòng)家，因?yàn)樗芸赡茉诂F(xiàn)代大學(xué)校長的主要任務(wù)上做得很好：籌資。），可知美國大學(xué)在招聘高級(jí)管理人員時(shí)主要考慮籌資方面的能力，B選項(xiàng)“他們籌集資金的能力”正確；A選項(xiàng)“政治正確性”和C選項(xiàng)“他們?cè)趯W(xué)術(shù)界的名聲”不是主要考慮的內(nèi)容。D選項(xiàng)“他們的管理經(jīng)驗(yàn)”：根據(jù)第三段最后一句Thefund-raisingabilityislargelyaproductofexperienceandnecessity.（籌集資金的能力很大程度上是經(jīng)驗(yàn)和需要的產(chǎn)物。），可知要求的是籌資方面的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，而非管理經(jīng)驗(yàn)。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

3.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第四段第一句ManyEuropeanuniversities,meanwhile,arestillmostlydependentongovernmentfunding.（與此同時(shí)，許多歐洲大學(xué)仍主要依賴政府資助。），可知D選項(xiàng)“它們的大部分資金來自政府”正確。A選項(xiàng)“學(xué)費(fèi)一直在上漲”，B選項(xiàng)“其運(yùn)作受到政府的嚴(yán)格控制”和C選項(xiàng)“它們正在通過全球化加強(qiáng)他們的地位”：文中沒有提到。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

4.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段第二句In2003,whenCambridgeUniversityappointedAlisonRichard,anotherformerYaleprovost,asitsvice-chancellor,theuniversitypubliclystressedthatinherpreviousjobshehadoverseen“amajorstrengtheningofYale’sfinancialposition”.（2003年，劍橋大學(xué)任命另一位耶魯大學(xué)前教務(wù)長艾莉森?理查德為副校長。劍橋大學(xué)公開強(qiáng)調(diào)，在她之前的工作中，她對(duì)“耶魯大學(xué)的財(cái)務(wù)狀況起到了重要的監(jiān)督作用”。），可知艾莉森?理查德成為副校長的主要原因是在籌資方面做出的貢獻(xiàn)，A選項(xiàng)“她很擅長籌款”正確；沒有提到艾莉森?理查德讓劍橋大學(xué)和耶魯大學(xué)的聯(lián)系加強(qiáng)，B選項(xiàng)“她可以幫助加強(qiáng)與耶魯大學(xué)的聯(lián)系”錯(cuò)誤。C選項(xiàng)“她知道如何吸引海外學(xué)生”和D選項(xiàng)“她提高了耶魯大學(xué)的學(xué)術(shù)地位”：文中沒有提到。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

5.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一句Foreignerscanofferafreshperspectiveonestablishedpractices.（外國人可以為現(xiàn)有做法提供新的視角。），可知C選項(xiàng)“他們會(huì)從一個(gè)新的角度來看待很多事情?！闭_。B選項(xiàng)“他們會(huì)吸引來更多的國際教員”：根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二句Theglobalizationofeducationmeansmoreuniversitieswillbeseekingheadswithinternationalexperienceofsomekindtopromoteinternationalprogramsandattractaglobalstudentbody.（教育的全球化意味著，更多的大學(xué)將尋求具有某種國際經(jīng)驗(yàn)的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，以促進(jìn)國際項(xiàng)目和吸引全球?qū)W生群體。），可知吸引的是國外的學(xué)生而非教員。A選項(xiàng)“他們可以提升大學(xué)的形象”和D選項(xiàng)“他們可以建立新的學(xué)科”：文中沒有提到。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

22.單選題

Morethan85percentofFrenchCanada'spopulationspeaksFrenchasamothertongueand（

）totheRomanCatholicfaith.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.caters

B.adheres

C.ascribes

D.subscribes

【答案】B

【解析】考察動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。cater“迎合；提供飲食及服務(wù)”；adhere“追隨，堅(jiān)持，粘附”；ascribe“把...歸因于”;subscribes“訂閱，簽署”。句意：85%以上的法裔加拿大人把法語作為自己的母語，并且信仰天主教。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

23.單選題

Thepoorindustrialisthadsaidthattheminimumwagewouldputhimoutofbusiness,（）bythenobleacademicthatitwouldnotneedtoifheranhiscompanyproperly.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.tobeonlytold

B.onlybeingtold

C.onlytobetold

D.beingonlytold

【答案】C

【解析】語法和固定搭配。根據(jù)題意，空格前后的事情形成對(duì)比，存在轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。所以可排除選項(xiàng)B和D。句意：這位可憐的實(shí)業(yè)家曾經(jīng)說過，最低工資會(huì)讓他破產(chǎn)，但是卻被這位高貴的學(xué)者告知，如果當(dāng)初正確經(jīng)營公司，就不會(huì)有這樣的結(jié)果。onlytobetold為固定搭配，“卻被告知”。沒有搭配tobeonlytold。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

24.單選題

VisitorstoBritainaresometimessurprisedtolearnthatnewspaperstherehavesuchalargecirculation.The“DailyMirror”andthe“DailyExpress”bothsellaboutfourmillioncopieseveryday.BritishfamiliesgenerallybuyanewspapereverymorningandfrequentlytaketwoorthreeonSundays.

Apartfromthenationalpapers,thereis,however,anotherbranchoftheBritishpresswhichsellsalmostasmanycopies.Localnewspapershaveaweeklycirculationof13million.Almosteverytownandcountryareahasone.Nearlyallofthemholdtheirownfinanciallyandmanyofthemareveryprofitable.

Thesepapersarewrittenalmostentirelyforreadersinterestedinlocalevents—births,weddings,deaths,councilmeetingsandsports—butthecontentisnaturallyinfluencedbythekindofcommunitytheyserve.Editorsprefertorelyonasmallstaffofpeoplewhoallknowthedistrictwell.Agreatdealoflocalnewsisregularlysuppliedbyclubsandchurchesintheneighborhoodanditdoesnotgetoutofdateasquicklyasnationalnews.Ifthereisnoroomforitinthisweek’sedition,anitemcansometimesbeheldoveruntilthefollowingweek.

Theeditormustneverforgetthatthesuccessofanynewspaperdependsonadvertising.Heisusuallyanxioustokeepthegoodwilloflocalbusinessmenforthisreason.Butifthenewspaperiswellwrittenandthenewsitemshavebeencarefullychosentoattractlocalreaders,thebusinessmenaregratefulfortheopportunitytokeeptheirproductsinthepubliceye.

Localnewspapersdonotoftencommentonproblemsofnationalimportanceandeditorsrarelyholdwithtakingsidesonpoliticalquestions.Buttheycanoftenbeofservicetothecommunityinexpressingpublicfeelingonlocalissues.Anewspapercansometimespersuadethecounciltotakeactiontoprovidebettershoppingfacilities,improvetransportintheareaandpreservelocalmonumentsandplacesofinterest.

Thesepapersoftensoundratherdullanditseemssurprisingthattheyallmakeprofit.Butformanypeopleinsmalltownsandvillagesthedeathofsomeoneknowntothemortheinstallationoftrafficlightsatabusystreetcornernearbycansometimesbemoreimportantthanadisasterinaforeigncountry.

1.Localnewspapershave（）

2.Whichofthefollowingistrue?

3.Inthewriter’sopi