考研考博-英語-天津濱海職業(yè)學院考試押題三合一+答案詳解2

書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-天津濱海職業(yè)學院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共120題)1.單選題

Thepeoplewillrebeliftheyfeelthattheyareexcluded（

）sharingthewealthofthecountry.

問題1選項

A.out

B.by

C.from

D.without

【答案】C

【解析】考察短語搭配。beexcludedfrom“從······中被排除”是固定搭配。選項C符合題意。句意：如果他們覺得自己被排除在國家財富分享之外，人民就會起來反抗。選項C符合題意。

2.單選題

Youcouldrefuseto_______yourSocialSecuritynumberexceptforSocialSecuritypurposes,whichisallthatthelawrequires.

問題1選項

A.expound

B.divulge

C.apprehend

D.unriddle

【答案】B

【解析】expound詳細說明,解釋;divulge泄露,暴露;apprehend領會,理解;unriddle闡明。句意：你可以拒絕透露你的社會保險號，除非是出于社會保障的目的，這是法律的規(guī)定。選項B符合句意。

3.翻譯題

愛因斯坦（Einstein）曾把一位著名科學家的創(chuàng)造力歸因為“他沒上過學，因此保留了能自由思考的能力。”看起來愛因斯坦好像是在批評學校教育。實際上學校的功能是傳授知識和文明，而不只是培養(yǎng)天才。如果學校只傳授知識，就會破壞創(chuàng)造力和天才。但是，如果一個社會里都是天才，它就會解體。所以，學校教育要培養(yǎng)社會所需的各個層次的人才。

【答案】Einsteinonceascribedthecreativityofafamousscientisttothat“hehasneverwenttotheschool,sohecouldretaintheabilityofthought.”Itseemsthathewascriticizingtheschooleducation.Infact,thefunctionofschoolisnotcultivatinggeniusesbutimpartingknowledgeandadvancingcivilization.Ifschoolisjustaplacetoimpartknowledge,people’screativityandtalentwillberuined.However,asocietyinwhichpeoplearealltalentwouldbebrokendown.So,schooleducationshouldraiseall-levelgeniusesthatthesocietyneeds.

4.單選題

Artthatenduresoftenmakesaninitiallydisturbingimpact:theprofoundexperiencethatsuchartseekstoprovokenecessarilyengendersacertain（

）.

問題1選項

A.familiarity

B.ennui

C.upheaval

D.intimacy

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。familiarity“熟悉，精通”；ennui“厭倦，無聊，倦怠”；upheaval“劇變，動亂”；intimacy“親密，親昵行為”。句意：忍耐的藝術通常產生原發(fā)性地讓人煩惱的沖擊效果：這種藝術試圖引起的深刻經(jīng)驗必然產生一種錯亂。選項C符合題意。

5.單選題

（

）mycolleagueandmyself,I’dliketogiveawarmwelcometoyouall.

問題1選項

A.Onbehalfof

B.Onaccountof

C.Inplaceof

D.Inmemoryof

【答案】A

【解析】句意:我代表我的同事和自己，向你們表示熱烈的歡迎。

考查短語辨析。onbehalfof代表,為了;onaccountof因為;inplaceof代替;inmemoryof紀念…。因此A符合句意。

6.寫作題

YouaresupposedtowriteanotetoMr.PeterKelly,whoisavisitingprofessoratyourdepartment,askinghimtoarrangeatimetodiscusstheoutlineofyourpaper.

1.Thenoteshouldbeginwith“Professor...”;

2.Thenoteshouldendwith“ZhangPing”;

3.Thenoteshouldgiveabriefintroductiontoyourpaper,suchasthetopicandmajorpoints.

【答案】DearProfessorPeterKelly,

IlearnfromthedeanofourdepartmentthatyouareanexpertinITcultureandyouarenowavisitingprofessoratourComputerDepartment.Thedeansaysthatyouarekind-heartedandalwaysreadytohelpothersandhetellsmetocomeintocontactwithyou.

TodayIamwritingthisnotetoaskyouwhetheritisconvenientforyoutoarrangeatimeforbothofustodiscusstheoutlineofmyresearchpaper.Beforeourmeeting,Ishouldliketointroducetheoverallstructureofmyresearchpapertoyoubriefly.ItstitleisTheInformationExplosioninthe21stCentury,Itconsistsoffourparts:PartOnegivesanobjectiveaccountofthepresentsituationofinformationexplosion.PartTwoisabouttheproponents’viewpointsoninformationexplosion.PartThreeisabouttheopponents’viewpointsoninformationexplosion.PartFourmakesapresentationofmyownviewpointsontheinformationexplosioninthenewcentury.Iwouldappreciateitverymuchifyoucouldgivemesomesuggestionsonhowtoimprovemyresearchpaper.

Yoursrespectfully

ZhangPing

7.單選題

Thousandsofpeoplelefttheirruralhomesandflockedintothecitiestolivebesidethenewfactories.

問題1選項

A.dashed

B.filed

C.strolled

D.swarmed

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞辨析。flockinto表示“大批地涌進，成群結隊涌到”；A項dash“猛沖，匆忙”，B項file“提出（申請），把……歸檔”，C項stroll“散步，閑逛”，D項swarm“成群來回移動，蜂擁而至”。句意：成千上萬的人離開農村，涌入城市，住在新工廠旁邊。根據(jù)句意可知，該題D項正確。

8.單選題

Onhiswanderingshe's（）Spanish,Italian,FrenchandasmatteringofRussian.

問題1選項

A.wokenup

B.takento

C.pickedup

D.cometo

【答案】C

【解析】wokenup醒來，開始警覺；takento開始從事，喜歡；pickedup學會，獲得，撿起；cometo回到現(xiàn)實。句意：他在旅途中學會了西班牙語、意大利語、法語和一點俄語。選項C符合句意。

9.單選題

I.Jurisprudence

ManyreaderswillrememberthatduringtheelectoraldebacleinFloridain2000,theRuleofLawwasinvokedateachstageonallsidesofeveryissue,culminatinginthefamousdissentbyJusticeStevensinBushv.Gore:“Althoughwemayneverknowwithcompletecertaintytheidentityofthewinnerofthisyear’sPresidentialelection,theidentityoftheloserisperfectlyclear.ItistheNation’sconfidenceinthejudgeasanimpartialguardianoftheRuleofLaw.”

Thousandsofotherexamplescouldbecited.TheRuleofLawisseenasafragilebutcrucialideal,andonethatisappropriatelyinvokedwhenevergovernmentstrytogettheirwaybyarbitraryandoppressiveactionorbyshort-circuitingthenormsandprocedureslaiddowninacountry’slawsorconstitution.Interferingwiththecourts,jailingsomeonewithoutlegaljustification,detainingpeoplewithoutanysafeguardsofdueprocess,manipulatingtheconstitutionforpartisanadvantage—alltheseareseenasabusesoftheRuleofLaw.

Iwouldliketoconsidertheroleofthisidealingeneraljurisprudence,thatis,intheconceptualworkthatwedoinlegalphilosophywhenwetrytoexplainwhatlawis.Iamgoingtoarguefortwopropositions:IshallarguethatourunderstandingoftheRuleofLawandourunderstandingoftheconceptoflawoughttobemuchmorecloselyconnectedthantheyareinmodernjurisprudence;IshallarguealsothatourunderstandingoftheRuleofLawshouldemphasizenotjustthevalueofsettled,determinaterulesandthepredictabilitythattheymakepossible,butalsotheimportanceoftheproceduralandargumentativeaspectsoflegalpractice.

Ishallargue,moreover,thatthesetwopropositionsareconnected.ItismucheasiertograsptheconnectionbetweentheRuleofLawandtheconceptoflawwhenweunderstandtheRuleofLawatleastpartlyintermsofproceduralandargumentativethemesthanwhenweseeitpurelyintermsofdeterminacyandpredictability.TheproceduralaspectoftheRuleofLawhelpsbringourconceptualthinkingaboutlawtolife;andanunderstandingoflegalsystemsthatemphasizesargumentinthecourtroomasmuchastheexistenceandrecognitionofrulesprovidesthebasisforamuchricherunderstandofthevaluesthattheRuleofLawcomprisesinmodernpoliticalargument.

51.Accordingtothefirstparagraph,whichofthefollowingisNOTcorrect?

52.Accordingtotheauthor,whichofthefollowingisNOTanabuseoftheRuleofLaw?

53.Accordingtothe3rdparagraph,theauthorthinksthat___.

54.Whichstatementiscorrectaccordingtothe4thparagraph?

問題1選項

A.JusticeStevensdidnotagreewiththemajorityoftheJustices.

B.Theyear2000wasayearwherePresidentialelectionwasheld.

C.TheJusticesknewwhotheloserwasintheelection.

D.Ateverystageofthedebate,theRuleofLawwasinvoked.

問題2選項

A.LettingthecourtdecidethefinalresultofthePresidentialelection.

B.Arrestingsomeonewithoutanysafeguardsofdueprocess.

C.Agovernmentagencygivingorderstocourtsforspecificcases.

D.Puttingsomeoneintojailwithoutatrialbycourt.

問題3選項

A.thescholars’understandingoftheRuleofLawiscorrect

B.theunderstandingoftheRuleofLawshouldemphasizeboththesubstantiveandproceduralaspects

C.whenpeopletrytoexplainwhatlawis,theytalkabouttheRuleofLaw

D.lawsaresettled,determinaterules

問題4選項

A.OneshouldlookattheRuleofLawatleastpartlyintermsofproceduralandargumentativethemes.

B.TheRuleofLawshouldbeseenpurelyintermsofdeterminacyandpredictability.

C.ItismucheasiertograsptheconnectionbetweentheRuleofLawandtheconceptoflaw.

D.UnderstandingoflawsbothasrulesandasthoseusedincourtroomshelpstounderstandtheRuleofLaw.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:A

【解析】51.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干定位到原文第一段theRuleofLawwasinvokedateachstageonallsidesofeveryissue,culminatinginthefamousdissentbyJusticeStevensinBushv.Gore（每一個階段，每個問題的各方都援引了《法治》，最終以大法官史蒂文斯在布什訴戈爾案中提出的著名異議告終），結合法律知識，此處的異議是指案外人對執(zhí)行標的提出不同的意見，而不是大法官史蒂文斯不同意大多數(shù)人的意見，A選項“法官史蒂文斯不同意大多數(shù)法官的意見”和原文不符，同時可知D選項“辯論的每一階段都援引了《法治》”符合原文；第一段ManyreaderswillrememberthatduringtheelectoraldebacleinFloridain2000…（許多讀者會記得2000年佛羅里達選舉失敗時的情形……）可知2000年正在進行總統(tǒng)選舉，B選項“2000年是總統(tǒng)選舉舉行的一年”符合原文；第一段Althoughwemayneverknowwithcompletecertaintytheidentityofthewinnerofthisyear’sPresidentialelection,theidentityoftheloserisperfectlyclear.ItistheNation’sconfidenceinthejudgeasanimpartialguardianoftheRuleofLaw.（盡管我們可能永遠無法完全確定今年總統(tǒng)選舉的贏家是誰，但輸家的身份是非常清楚的。這是國家對法官作為法治公正監(jiān)護人的信任）可知C選項“法官們知道誰是選舉中的失敗者”符合原文。因此A選項符合題意。

52.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關鍵詞“anabuseoftheRuleofLaw”定位到原文第二段Interferingwiththecourts,jailingsomeonewithoutlegaljustification,detainingpeoplewithoutanysafeguardsofdueprocess,manipulatingtheconstitutionforpartisanadvantage—alltheseareseenasabusesoftheRuleofLaw.（干涉法庭、在沒有法律依據(jù)的情況下監(jiān)禁某人、在沒有正當程序保障的情況下拘留人、為黨派利益操縱憲法——所有這些都被視為對法治的濫用）可知A選項“讓法院決定總統(tǒng)選舉的最終結果”，B選項“在沒有任何正當程序保障的情況下逮捕某人”，D選項“未經(jīng)法庭審判就把某人關進監(jiān)獄”屬于對《法治》的濫用，A選項屬于為黨派利益操縱憲法，法院不能直接決定總統(tǒng)選舉的結果。C選項“針對特定案件向法院下達命令的政府機構”不屬于原文所提到的對《法治》的濫用。因此C選項正確。

53.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干定位到原文第三段IshallarguealsothatourunderstandingoftheRuleofLawshouldemphasizenotjustthevalueofsettled,determinaterulesandthepredictabilitythattheymakepossible,butalsotheimportanceoftheproceduralandargumentativeaspectsoflegalpractice.（我還認為，我們對《法治》的理解不僅應強調既定的、確定的規(guī)則的價值和它們使之成為可能的可預測性，而且還應強調法律實踐的程序和辯論方面的重要性）可知作者認為對《法治》的理解還應該強調實體和程序兩個方面，選B選項“對法治的理解應該強調實體和程序兩個方面”，同時可知D選項“法律是既定的，確定的規(guī)則”不符合原文，原文只是說不僅應該強調既定的，確定的規(guī)則，不能過度推測出法律是既定的，確定的規(guī)則；A選項“學者們對法治的理解是正確的”和C選項“當人們試圖解釋什么是法律時，他們談論的是法治”第三段未涉及，排除。因此B選項正確。

54.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干定位到原文第四段ItismucheasiertograsptheconnectionbetweentheRuleofLawandtheconceptoflawwhenweunderstandtheRuleofLawatleastpartlyintermsofproceduralandargumentativethemesthanwhenweseeitpurelyintermsofdeterminacyandpredictability.（當我們至少部分地從程序性和辯論性的主題來理解《法治》時，要比單純地從確定性和可預見性來理解法治時，更容易理解法治與法律概念之間的聯(lián)系）可知選A選項“人們應該至少從程序和辯論主題的角度看《法治》”，同時可知B選項“法治應該純粹從確定性和可預見性的角度來看待”和原文相悖，以及C選項“更容易把握法治與法律概念之間的聯(lián)系”不完整；第四段andanunderstandingoflegalsystemsthatemphasizesargumentinthecourtroomasmuchastheexistenceandrecognitionofrulesprovidesthebasisforamuchricherunderstandofthevaluesthattheRuleofLawcomprisesinmodernpoliticalargument.（而對法律制度的理解，既強調法庭上的辯論，也強調規(guī)則的存在和承認，為更豐富地理解法治在現(xiàn)代政治辯論中所包含的價值提供了基礎）可知同時強調法庭上的辯論和規(guī)則的存在能幫助對法律制度的理解，而對法律制度的理解為了豐富地理解法治在現(xiàn)代政治辯論中所包含的價值提供了基礎，D選項“將法律理解為規(guī)則和法庭上使用的規(guī)則有助于理解《法治》”和原文有偏差，排除。因此A選項正確。

10.寫作題

Doyouthinkpeopleshouldbuythingsmadeintheirowncountry,evenwhenthepriceishigherthanthesamethingsmadesomewhereelse?Writeanessayofnolessthan200wordsbasedonthistopic.

【答案】

PeopleShouldChoosetheProductsTheyWouldLiketoBuy11.單選題

This（）wasconductedtofindouthowmanypeoplepreferrice.

問題1選項

A.examination

B.survey

C.inspection

D.test

【答案】B

【解析】近義詞辨析。examination考試；survey調查；inspection檢查；test試驗。句意：這項調查是為了看看有多少人更喜歡米飯。選項B符合語境。

12.單選題

Thefirststrokeguidelinestospecificallytargetwomen（）preventionearlierinlifeandrecognizeuniquefemalerisksforthedisorder,includingpregnancyandbirthcontrolpills.

問題1選項

A.neglect

B.avoid

C.emphasize

D.admire

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞辨析。neglect忽視；avoid避免；emphasize強調；admire欽佩，贊美。由“andrecognize…認識到女性患這種疾病的獨特風險”可知___preventionearlierinlife也是積極性的內容，C項符合句意。句意：第一份針對早期預防女性中風的指南強調女性應該早期預防，并認識到女性患中風的獨特風險，包括懷孕和避孕藥。

13.翻譯題

OnthefirstdayoftheUSfederalgovernmentshutdown,aCalifornianresidentmaynotyetfeeltheimpact,butmanyChinesetouristsareunhappyandtheirtourguidesnervous.TonyLuhasrunatravelagencyinLosAngelesfor20years.FourtouristgroupsfromChina’smainlandorganizedbyhisagencyarecurrentlytravellingaroundtheUnitedStates.Theyaresufferingdifferentkindsofimpactfromthefederalgovernmentshutdown,whichledtothecloseof401nationalparks,Smithsonian’s19museumsandgalleriesandtheNationalZoo.“Comparedtothe1995-1996shutdown,thistimeismoreserioustous.WerunmostlyChinesemarketbusinessandtherearemanymoreChinesetouristsgroupsnowthan17yearsago,”hesaid.

“Ourclientsarecomplaining.ThetourguidesexplainedtothemthateventheUSPresidentBarackObamacannotsolvetheproblemimmediately,”hesaid.Someofthegroupshavetochangetheiritineraries(行程)astheycannotenterYellowstoneNationalParkortheLincolnMemorial,norcantheyhaveacloselookoftheStatueofLiberty,allofwhichareamongthemostpopulartourismsites.

AccordingtoNationalParkServices,thenationalparkshaveabout715,000visitorsperdayonaverageinOctober.Butnow,visitorsarebeingturnedaway.

Althoughthere’snofigureyetofhowmanyChinesetouristsareaffectedbytheshutdown,someareexpressingtheirsadnessonline.“Iwanttocry,”wroteMsHetoherWeChat(微信)friends.ShehadbeenlookingforwardtohersightseeingtriptotheUSforalongtime.

Butsoonaftershelanded,shelearnedthattheStatueofLiberty,LincolnMemorialandmanyothertouristattractionsonherlistwouldbeclosed.

“NobodywillgiveanycompensationtotheseChinesetourists.TheSenateandtheCongresswilldefinitelynot,”saidLu,“Andwehavetodomoretomakethemfeelbetter,suchasexplainingthesituationtothemandhelpingsomeofthemmodifytheirtravelplans.Hopefullythefederalgovernmentshutdownendssoon.”

Nearly1.5millionChinesetraveledtotheUSlastyear,accordingtotheOfficeofTravelandTourismIndustriesoftheUSDepartmentofCommerce.

ChinesecompaniesdoingbusinessintheUSmayalsobeaffectedifthefederalregulatoryagenciesandotherservicesdonotresumeworksoon.

【答案】美國聯(lián)邦政府關門第一天，一個加利福尼亞的居民可能覺得沒有影響，但許多中國游客卻不開心，他們的導游也很緊張。托尼?魯在洛杉磯經(jīng)營一家旅行社20年。由他的旅行社接待的來自中國大陸的四個旅游團目前正在周游美國。他們正因聯(lián)邦政府關門而遭受著不同程度的影響，聯(lián)邦政府關門導致了401個國家公園、史密森尼的19家博物館和畫廊以及國家動物園的關閉?！跋啾?995-1996年的關門，這次對我們來說更嚴重。我們主要經(jīng)營中國市場業(yè)務，和17年前相比，現(xiàn)在有更多的中國游客群，”他說。

“我們的客戶在抱怨。導游解釋說就連美國總統(tǒng)奧巴馬也不能立即解決問題，”他說。

因為他們不能進入黃石國家公園或林肯紀念堂，也不能近距離觀察自由女神像，一些旅行團不得不改變行程。而所有景點這些都列在最受歡迎的旅游網(wǎng)站上。

據(jù)國家公園的服務中心，在10月國家公園平均每天有715000名游客。但是現(xiàn)在，游客卻遭到拒絕。

雖然還沒有數(shù)據(jù)顯示有多少中國游客受關閉影響，但一些人在線表達了他們的傷心。“我想哭，”何女士在微信上寫給她朋友。她期待著她的美國觀光之旅很長時間了。

但她下飛機不久后，她了解到她清單上的自由女神像、林肯紀念堂和許多其他旅游景點將被關閉。

“沒人會給這些中國游客任何補償。參議院和國會絕對不會，”托尼?魯說，“我們必須做更多的工作來讓他們覺得好一點，比如向他們解釋情況，幫助他們中的一些人修改他們的旅行計劃。希望聯(lián)邦政府關門這件事很快結束?！?/p>

根據(jù)旅游局和美國商務部的旅游機構，去年有大約150萬中國人前往美國。

如果聯(lián)邦監(jiān)管機構和其他服務沒有很快恢復工作的話，在美國經(jīng)商的中國公司也可能受到影響。

14.單選題

Manythingsmakepeoplethinkartistsareweirdandtheweirdestmaybethis:artists’onlyjobistoexploreemotions,andyettheychoosetofocusontheonesthatfeelbad.

Thiswasn’talwaysso.Theearliestformsofart,likepaintingandmusic,arethosebestsuitedforexpressingjoy.Butsomewhereinthe19thcentury,moreartistsbeganseeinghappinessasinsipid,phonyor,worstofall,boringaswewentfromWordsworth’sdaffodilstoBaudelaire’sflowersofevil.

Youcouldarguethatartbecamemoreskepticalofhappinessbecausemoderntimeshaveseensuchmisery.Butit’snotasifearliertimesdidn’tknowperpetualwar,disasterandthemassacreofinnocents.Thereason,infact,maybejusttheopposite:thereistoomuchdamnhappinessintheworldtoday.

Afterall,whatistheonemodernformofexpressionalmostcompletelydedicatedtodepictinghappiness?Advertising.Theriseofanti-happyartalmostexactlytrackstheemergenceofmassmedia,andwithit,acommercialcultureinwhichhappinessisnotjustanidealbutanideology.

Peopleinearliererasweresurroundedbyremindersofmisery.Theyworkeduntilexhausted,livedwithfewprotectionsanddiedyoung.IntheWest,beforemasscommunicationandliteracy,themostpowerfulmassmediumwasthechurch,whichremindedworshippersthattheirsoulswereinperilandthattheywouldsomedaybemeatforworms.Givenallthis,theydidnotexactlyneedtheirarttobeabummertoo.

TodaythemessagesyouraverageWesternerisbombardedwitharenotreligiousbutcommercial,andforeverhappy.Fast-foodeaters,newsanchors,textmessengers,allsmiling,smiling.Ourmagazinesfeaturebeamingcelebritiesandhappyfamiliesinperfecthomes.Andsincethesemessageshaveanagenda—tolureustoopenourwallets—theymaketheveryideaofhappinessseemunreliable.“Celebrate!”commandedtheadsforthearthritisdrugCelebrex,beforewefoundoutitcouldincreasetheriskofheartattacks.

Butwhatweforget—whatoureconomydependsonisforgetting—isthathappinessismorethanpleasurewithoutpain.Thethingsthatbringthegreatestjoycarrythegreatestpotentialforlossanddisappointment.Today,surroundedbypromisesofeasyhappiness,weneedsomeonetotellusasreligiononcedid,Mementomori:rememberthatyouwilldie,thateverythingends,andthathappinesscomesnotindenyingthisbutinlivingwithit.It’samessageevenmorebitterthanaclovecigarette,yet,somehow,abreathoffreshair.

1.BycitingtheexampleofpoetsWordsworthandBaudelaire,theauthorintendstoshowthat（）

2.Theword“bummer”(Line4.paragraph5)mostprobablymeanssomething（）.

3.Intheauthor’sopinion,advertising（）.

4.Wecanlearnfromthelastparagraphthattheauthorbelieves（）

5.Whichofthefollowingistrueofthetext?

問題1選項

A.poetryisnotasexpressiveofjoyaspaintingormusic.

B.artgrowoutofbothpositiveandnegativefeeling.

C.artisthavechangedtheirfocusofinterest.

D.poetstodayarelessskepticalofhappiness.

問題2選項

A.unpleasant

B.religious

C.entertaining

D.commercial

問題3選項

A.emergesinthewakeoftheanti-happypart

B.createsanillusionofhappinessratherthanhappinessitself

C.replacethechurchasamajorsourceofinformation

D.isacauseofdisappointmentforthegeneralpublic

問題4選項

A.happinessmoreoftenthannotendsinsadness.

B.theanti-happyartisdistastefulbyrefreshing.

C.miseryshouldbeenjoyedratherthandenied.

D.theanti-happyartflourisheswheneconomybooms.

問題5選項

A.Massmediaareinclinedtocoverdisastersanddeaths.

B.Artprovidesabalancebetweenexpectationandreality.

C.Peoplefeeldisappointedattherealitiesofmorality.

D.Religiononcefunctionedasareminderofmisery.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】1.判斷推理題。題目問的是：作者以詩人華茲華斯和波德萊爾為例，意在說明什么？根據(jù)關鍵詞“WordsworthandBaudelaire”定位到第二段最后一句Butsomewhereinthe19thcentury,moreartistsbeganseeinghappinessasinsipid,phonyor,worstofall,boringaswewentfromWordsworth’sdaffodilstoBaudelaire’sflowersofevil.（但是在19世紀的某個時候，越來越多的藝術家開始認為幸福是平淡的、虛假的，或者更糟糕的是，令人厭煩的，這點可以從威廉?華茲華斯的《水仙花》到波德萊爾把鮮花描述為邪惡的轉變之中看出。）本段前面的內容還提及“最早的藝術形式，如繪畫和音樂，是最適合表達快樂的”，前后形成對比構成了轉折關系，作者是想表達藝術家們改變了他們的關注點，過去的藝術形式是表達幸福和快樂，現(xiàn)在是虛假的幸福。所以選項C正確。

2.詞義推斷題。題目問的是：下面哪一個詞與“bummer”意思相近？根據(jù)題干信息定位到第五段最后兩句IntheWest,beforemasscommunicationandliteracy,themostpowerfulmassmediumwasthechurch,whichremindedworshippersthattheirsoulswereinperilandthattheywouldsomedaybemeatforworms.Givenallthis,theydidnotexactlyneedtheirarttobeabummertoo.（在西方的大眾傳媒和教育普及之前，最強大的傳播媒介就是教堂，它提醒信徒，他們的靈魂處于危險之中，他們總有一天會成為蠕蟲的食物?？紤]到這一切，他們并不需要自己的藝術也成為一個失敗者。）關鍵詞在于“too”，由此可推測“bummer”的意思與上一句有關聯(lián)，表示的是消極負面的意義，所以選項A與之意思最為接近。

3.細節(jié)事實題。題目問的是：作者認為廣告是怎樣的？根據(jù)第六段的倒數(shù)第二句Andsincethesemessageshaveanagenda—tolureustoopenourwallets—theymaketheveryideaofhappinessseemunreliable.（而且，由于這些信息都有一個目的——引誘我們打開錢包——它們使幸福的概念看起來并不可靠。）由此可知，B選項“制造幸福的幻覺，而不是幸福本身”正確。

4.判斷推理題。題目問的是：我們可以從最后一段了解到，作者相信什么？根據(jù)本段的最后一句It’samessageevenmorebitterthanaclovecigarette,yet,somehow,abreathoffreshair.（這——指的是反幸福的藝術——是一個比丁香香煙更苦澀的信息，但不知怎的，卻是一股新鮮空氣。）由此可知，B選項與原文表述一致，所以正確。

5.判斷推理題。題目問的是：下列哪一個選項是正確的？A選項：大眾媒體傾向于報道災難和死亡；B選項：藝術提供了期望和現(xiàn)實之間的平衡；C選項：人們對道德的現(xiàn)實感到失望；D選項：宗教曾起到提醒痛苦的作用。選項A、B、C在原文均沒有信息提及，只有D選項在原文最后一段提及，所以選項D正確。

15.單選題

10.

問題1選項

A.Shehasdevelopedallergies.

B.Shedoesn’tknowwhatallergiesare.

C.Shedoesn’thaveanyallergies.

D.Shehasallergiestreatedalready.

【答案】C

【解析】M:Howaboutallergies?

W:NotthatI’mawareof.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?

【解析】對話中男士問女士過敏情況怎么樣了，女士說不是認為的那樣，即她沒過敏。

16.單選題

We’veseena(n)

(

)

trendofconsumerssayingtheywillspendmore,fromholidayshoppingto2012travelplans,andspendingplansforFeb.14arenoexception.

問題1選項

A.consistent

B.persistent

C.insistent

D.resistant

【答案】A

【解析】考查形近形容詞辨析。consistent“前后一致的；堅持的“；persistent”固執(zhí)的；堅持的“；insistent”堅持的；迫切的；顯著的“；resistant”反抗的；頑固的“。句意：從假日購物到2012年的旅游計劃，我們已經(jīng)看到消費者將增加消費的……傾向，2月14日的消費計劃也不例外。按照句意，A選項符合，指這種消費傾向保持一致。

17.翻譯題

Earlymenwerealsogreatlyinterestedinthestarstheysawtwinklingintheskyatnight.Whattheydidnotrealizewasthatthestarswerealsopresentduringthedaytime,buttheirlightwasnotvisiblebecauseofthebrillianceofthesun.Howdidtheydiscoverthis?

Thereisoneeventwhichdoesenableustoseethestarsinthedaytime.Itisthetotaleclipseofthesun(日全食),whenthemoonpassesinfrontofthesunandhidesitfromview.Whenthishappens,theskybecomesdarkenoughforthestarstobeseen.Totaleclipsesofthiskinddonotoccurveryoftenandarenotlikelytobeseenfromthesameareamorethanonceeveryfifty-fouryears.Onecanimaginewhatanawe-inspiringsightitmusthavebeenforanearlyman,whowouldremembertheeventfortherestofhislife.

Somanwatchedthemovementsofthesun,themoonandthestarsandwonderedaboutthem.Itwaspracticingtheoldestbranchofscience—astronomy.

【答案】古人也對夜晚所見天空中閃爍的群星懷有濃厚的興趣。他們還知道白天星星也在那里，只是看不見它們閃光，因為太陽光太強了。人們怎么會發(fā)現(xiàn)這一點的呢？

只有一種情況讓我們在白天看見星星，那就是日全食。月亮走到太陽前面，把它遮住。這時天空變暗，便可看見星星了。這種日全食并不常見，同一個地區(qū)也許每隔五十四年只會碰上一次。我們可以想象，對于古人來說，這該是一種多么令人心驚膽顫的景象啊，他們一生永遠也不會忘記。

人類就是這樣觀察太陽，月亮和星體的運動，并產生疑問的，人們在思考它們是什么，以及它們在干什么的時候，其實就是在從事對科學的最古老的學科——天文學的研究。

18.單選題

Workersinthiscountryaregettinghigherwageswhileturningoutpoorproductsthatdonot______thetestofinternationalcompetition.

問題1選項

A.keepupwith

B.standupto

C.complywith

D.attendto

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項keepupwith“趕得上”；B選項standupto“經(jīng)得起；抵抗”；C選項complywith“遵守”；D選項attendto“照料；致力于”。句意：該國工人們拿著更高的工資，但他們生產的產品卻不能______國際競爭的考驗。根據(jù)語境，B選項standupto“經(jīng)得起；抵抗”搭配test“考驗”比較合理，意指產品質量低劣，符合題意。因此B選項正確。

19.單選題

Manywomenstillfeelthattheyarebeing（）byamaleculture,particularlyintheprofessionalservicessector.

問題1選項

A.heldback

B.heldforth

C.heldon

D.heldout

【答案】A

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項heldback“阻礙”；B選項heldforth“提供”；C選項heldon“堅持”；D選項heldout“伸出”。句意：許多女性仍然感到男性文化阻礙了她們的發(fā)展，尤其是在專業(yè)服務領域。本句表示男性文化阻礙了女性的發(fā)展，因此A選項正確。

20.單選題

Hethinksthatmethodisprevalent.

問題1選項

A.advanced

B.common

C.difficult

D.old-fashioned

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。題目中prevalent表示“普遍發(fā)生的；盛行的”；A選項advanced“先進的；高級的”；B選項common為“共同的，常見的，普遍的”；C選項difficult為“困難的，艱難的”；D選項old-fashioned為“老式的，過時的”。因此，正確答案是B項。句意：他認為這個方法很普遍。

21.單選題

Heistheauthorofthisnovelwithhigh（）inthecountry.

問題1選項

A.coherence

B.prestige

C.consequence

D.commitment

【答案】B

【解析】名詞辨析。句意：他是這本小說的作者，在這個國家有很高的（）。coherence統(tǒng)一，連貫性；prestige聲望，名望；consequence結果，推論，重要性；commitment承諾，委托。因此，B項符合句意。

22.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingpartintoChinese.

Unlesswegivepartofourselvesaway,unlesswecanlivewithotherpeopleandunderstandthemandhelpthem,wearemissingthemostessentialpartofourownhumanlives.Thereareasmanyroadstotheattainmentofwisdomandgoodnessastherearepeoplewhoundertaketowalkthem.Thereareasmanysolidtruthsonwhichwecanstandastherearepeoplewhocansearchthemoutandwhowillstandonthem.Thereareasmanyideasandidealsastherearemenofgoodwillwhowillholdthemintheirmindsandactthemintheirlives.

【答案】除非我們樂于奉獻，除非我們能夠與人們一起生活并幫助他們，否則我們的人生就失去了最重要的意義。世間有多少行路者，通往善良與智慧的途徑就有多少。世間有多少真理，就有多少探索、堅持真理的人。有多少信念與理想，就有多少仁人志士在生活中奉行并實現(xiàn)它們。

23.單選題

ThesinglebusinessofHenryThoreau,duringforty-oddyearsofeageractivitywastodiscoveraneconomycalculatedtoprovideasatisfyinglife.Hisoneconcern,whichgavetohisramblingsinConcordfieldsavalueofhighadventure,wastoexplorethetruemeaningofwealth.Asheunderstoodtheproblemofeconomics,therewerethreepossiblesolutionsopentohim:toexploithimself,toexploithisfellows,ortoreducetheproblemtoitslowestdenominator.Thefirstwasquiteimpossible—toimprisononeselfinatreadmillwhenthemorningcalledtogreatadventure.Toexploitone’sfellowsseemedtoThoreau’ssensitivesocialconscienceanevengreaterinfidelity.Freedomwithabstinenceseemedtohimbetterthanserfdomwithmaterialwell-being,andhewascontenttomovetoWaldenPondandtosetaboutthehighbusinessofliving,toconfrontonlytheessentialfactsoflifeandtoseewhatithadtoteach.Hedidnotadvocatethatothermenshouldbuildcabinsandliveisolated.Hehadnowishtodogmatizeconcerningthebestmodeofliving—eachmustsettlethatforhimself.Butthatasatisfyinglifeshouldbelived,hewasvitallyconcerned.Thestoryofhisemancipationfromthelowereconomicsistheoneromanceofhislife,andWaldenishisgreatbook.ItisabookinpraiseofliferatherthanofNature,arecordofcalculatingeconomicsthatstudiedsavinginordertospendmorelargely.Butitisabookofsocialcriticismaswell,inspiteofitsexplicitdenialofsuchapurpose.Inconsideringthetruenatureofeconomyheconcluded,withRuskin,thatthecostofathingistheamountoflifethatisrequiredinexchangeforit,immediatelyorinthelongrun.InWaldenThoreauelaboratedthetext:Theonlywealthislife.

1.ThoreaustartedanexperimentatWaldenPondwiththehopeof（

）.

2.ToThoreauthebestsolutiontotheproblemofeconomicsis（

）.

3.Thoreauholdsthatthecrucialthingforpeopletodoisto（

）.

4.InthebookWaldenallofthefollowingcanbefoundexcept（

）.

5.Thoreau’sattitudetowardsocietycanbestbecharacterizedasoneof（

）.

問題1選項

A.learninghowtolivequietly

B.writingabookonphilosophy

C.discoveringwhathumanscanlearnfromnature

D.workingoutthebestadjustmenttomateriallife.

問題2選項

A.toliveaverysimplelife

B.tobecomeself-sufficient

C.toliveinthecountry

D.toreformthesociety

問題3選項

A.haveabetterunderstandingofwhatlifemeans

B.liveharmoniouslywithnature

C.tosaveasmuchasonepossiblycan

D.tolivealifethatoneiscontentwith

問題4選項

A.thenatureofeconomy

B.themeaningoffreedom

C.thecriticismofsociety

D.Ruskin’sphilosophy

問題5選項

A.acceptance

B.avoidance

C.indifference

D.individualism

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:B

【解析】1.事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)關鍵詞“WaldenPond”定位到文中“...hewas