考研考博-英語(yǔ)-吉首大學(xué)考試押題三合一+答案詳解2

書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-吉首大學(xué)考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Stressfulenvironmentleadstounhealthybehaviorssuchaspooreatinghabits,which（

）,increasetheriskofhighbloodpressureandheartdisease.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.bychance

B.inturn

C.byfortune

D.incase

【答案】B

【解析】句意:有壓力的環(huán)境導(dǎo)致如不好的飲食習(xí)慣這樣的不健康的行為，依次增加高血壓和心臟病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。

短語(yǔ)辨析。Bychance偶然，意外;inturn輪流,依次;byfortune幸運(yùn);incase萬(wàn)一,假如.。故B符合句意。

2.單選題

Notonly（

）todeterminethedepthoftheoceanfloor,butitisalsousedtolocateoil.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.touseseismology

B.isseismologyused

C.tohavestarted

D.usingseismology

【答案】B

【解析】考查部分倒裝。notonly位于句首時(shí)，句子要用部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，即將系動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞提前，放在主語(yǔ)前。

句意：地震學(xué)不僅用來(lái)確定海底的深度，而且還被用來(lái)定位石油。

3.單選題

Thebottomlineisthatpatientswhowanttomakesuretheirdoctoriscompetenthavealotofworktodo.Andtheworkshouldbedoneonthefrontend:expertsemphasizethatpeopleshouldfindadoctorandestablisharelationshipwhiletheyareingoodhealth,sotheydon’thavetoscramblewhentheycomedownwithbronchitisorfindasuspiciouslump.

Studieshavefoundthatitishardtogetanappointmentatshortnoticewhencold-calling,andthatpatientswitharegularsourceofcaregetbettercare,evenwhentheyareuninsured.Whilesomeinternistshaveadditionaltrainingincardiologyorrheumatology,shewenton,primarycarephysiciansalsohaveanetworkoftrustedspecialistsforreferrals.

Manywomenchooseagynecologistastheirregulardoctor.Dr.Gallinsaid,butshouldprobablyhavearelationshipwithaninternistaswell.Next,reviewthelistofdoctorsinyourhealthplan.Considertheirlocationaswellastheirhospitalaffiliations.Youmaywanttocross-checkyourhealthplan’slistwithatopdoctorslistforyourarea;theselists(oftenpublishedinregionalmagazineslikeNewYorkandNewJerseyMonthly)areusuallygeneratedbysurveyingphysicians.

Checkwithyourhealthplantoseewhetherithasgoodinformationonindividualphysicians(mostdon’t,butmanyareworkingonit).GoodqualitymeasuresincludeNationalCommitteeonQualityAssuranceaccreditationaboutwhetherdoctorsmeetcriteriaforcareforspecificconditionslikebackpainordiabetes,andtheHealthcareEffectivenessDataInformationSet,whichfocusesonadherencetoclinicalguidelines,likeprescribingabetablockerafteraheartattack.Somehealthplansalsooffernetworksofhigh-performingor“honorroll”physicians;askaboutthecriteria.

Ifyou’reuninsured,youmaybeabletonegotiatewithadoctorandagreeonareducedfee,butrememberthatyouwillalsoberesponsibleforthecostoflabtests,bloodwork,X-rays,proceduresandmedications.Thesecostsaremorelikelytobecoveredorchargedonaslidingscaleatacommunityhealthcenterorhospitalclinic.(Tofindalocation,seeunder“FindHelp”，ortheFamiliesUSAWebsite,,under“ResourcesforConsumers”.)

Otherfactorstoconsiderarewhetherthedoctorhaseveningandweekendhours,whethertheofficeleavestimeopentoschedulesame-dayappointmentsforurgentcare,whetherwaitingtimesarereasonableandwhetherthedoctorisinsolopracticeoragrouppractice.(Someexpertssaythatgrouppracticestendtobemoreefficientandthatdoctorsingroupsaremorelikelytostayuptodateoncurrentmedicalpractice.)Ifthedoctoruseselectronicrecords,that’saplus,someexpertssay.

Onthecrucialquestionofwhetheryouarecomfortablewiththedoctoryou’vechosen,youwon’tknowthatuntilyoumeetwiththedoctor.Pediatricianswillusuallyagreetoaninterview;busyinternistsoftenwon’t.

6.Whichofthefollowingstatementsbestdescribesthemainideaofthepassage?

7.Inadditiontoagynecologist,womenaresupposedtoestablisharelationshipwithaninternistbecause____.

8.Fortheuninsured,expertssuggest____.

9.Expertsindicatethatifadoctoruseselectronicrecords,____.

10.StrategiesforgettinganappointmentwithadoctormoreeasilyincludeallEXCEPT____.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Primaryphysiciansusuallyhaveanetworkoftrustedspecialistsforreferrals.

B.Patientsoftenfinditaloteasiertogetanappointmentwhiletheyareingoodhealth.

C.Thepeopledonotneedtoestablisharelationshipwhiletheyareingoodhealth.

D.Strategiesareneededforgettinganappointmentwithacompetentdoctor.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.everyinternisthasanetworkoftrustedspecialistsforreferrals

B.someinternistsareonlytrainedincardiologyorrheumatology

C.theyhavearegularsourceofcare

D.theydonotoftenneedtogetanappointmentwithadoctor

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.theyberesponsibleforthecostoflabtests,bloodwork,proceduresandmedication

B.theyreachsomeagreementwithadoctorforadjustedcoverageofcosts

C.theygotoacommunityhealthcenterorhospitalclinicforfreemedicalcare

D.theyvisittheFamiliesUSAWebsitetolocatefreehealthcare

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.thedoctorshouldbeaprioritychoiceforpatients

B.thedoctormustbeextremelypopularamongpatients

C.patientsshouldgivethedoctorextracredits

D.theuninsuredmaybechargedmorethantheinsured

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.establishingarelationshipwithadoctorwhohaseveningandweekendhours

B.discoveringacomfortrelationshipwithadoctorthroughinterviews

C.stayinguninsuredforreducedchargesincommunityhealthcenters

D.findingadoctorinagrouppracticethatstaysuptodateoncurrentmedicalpractice

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】6.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Whichofthefollowingstatementsbestdescribesthemainideaofthepassage?下面哪個(gè)陳述最好地表達(dá)了這篇文章的主要思想？

A.Primaryphysiciansusuallyhaveanetworkoftrustedspecialistsforreferrals.A.初級(jí)醫(yī)生通常有一個(gè)可推薦的值得信賴的專家網(wǎng)絡(luò)。

B.PatientsoftenfinditaloteasiertogetanappointmentwhiletheyareingoodhealthB.病人們經(jīng)常發(fā)現(xiàn)，當(dāng)他們?cè)谏眢w健康時(shí)，預(yù)約成功要容易得多。

C.Thepeopledonotneedtoestablisharelationshipwhiletheyareingoodhealth.C.人們健康的時(shí)候不需要與醫(yī)生建立關(guān)系。

D.Strategiesareneededforgettinganappointmentwithacompetentdoctor.D.預(yù)約到有能力的醫(yī)生需要一些策略。

【考查點(diǎn)】主旨大意題。

【解題思路】分析文章行文結(jié)構(gòu)：本文的行文邏輯為“總分式”，首段提出觀點(diǎn)，總領(lǐng)全文，后文就首段提出的觀點(diǎn)給出具體的建議。首段第2句說(shuō)到“這項(xiàng)工作應(yīng)該在最先完成，即：專家們強(qiáng)調(diào)，人們應(yīng)該在身體健康的時(shí)候找醫(yī)生并建立聯(lián)系（peopleshouldfindadoctorandestablisharelationshipwhiletheyareingoodhealth）”；第2-7段分別為作者對(duì)“如何預(yù)約到有實(shí)力的醫(yī)生”給出的策略或者需要考慮的因素，D選項(xiàng)“預(yù)約到有能力的醫(yī)生需要一些策略”符合題意。（另外，第10題的題干也提示了“預(yù)約醫(yī)生的策略”。）

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“初級(jí)醫(yī)生通常有一個(gè)可推薦的值得信賴的專家網(wǎng)絡(luò)”，僅在原文第2段提到，不能概括全文主旨，該選項(xiàng)屬于以偏概全；

B選項(xiàng)“病人們經(jīng)常發(fā)現(xiàn)，當(dāng)他們?cè)谏眢w健康時(shí)，預(yù)約成功要容易得多”，僅在原文第1段提到，不能概括全文主旨，該選項(xiàng)屬于以偏概全；

C選項(xiàng)“人們健康的時(shí)候不需要與醫(yī)生建立關(guān)系”，表述與原文不符，原文第1段第2句提到“專家們強(qiáng)調(diào)，人們應(yīng)該在身體健康的時(shí)候找醫(yī)生并建立關(guān)系”。

7.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Inadditiontoagynecologist,womenaresupposedtoestablisharelationshipwithaninternistbecause____.除了婦科醫(yī)生，女性也應(yīng)該與內(nèi)科醫(yī)生建立關(guān)系，因?yàn)開(kāi)___。

A.everyinternisthasanetworkoftrustedspecialistsforreferralsA.每個(gè)內(nèi)科醫(yī)生都有一個(gè)可推薦的值得信賴的專家網(wǎng)絡(luò)

B.someinternistsareonlytrainedincardiologyorrheumatologyB.一些內(nèi)科醫(yī)生只接受過(guò)心臟病學(xué)或風(fēng)濕病學(xué)的培訓(xùn)

C.theyhavearegularsourceofcareC.他們有常規(guī)的治療來(lái)源

D.theydonotoftenneedtogetanappointmentwithadoctorD.他們不需要總是跟醫(yī)生預(yù)約

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞womenaresupposedtoestablisharelationshipwithaninternist定位到原文第3段第1句，該句提到“加林醫(yī)生說(shuō)，但也應(yīng)該和內(nèi)科醫(yī)生聯(lián)系一下?！痹摼浜笠痪涮岬健敖酉聛?lái)，檢查你的健康計(jì)劃中的醫(yī)生名單”，說(shuō)明作者已經(jīng)開(kāi)始介紹另一個(gè)策略了，因此本題的答案應(yīng)該往前找。原文第2段提到“有常規(guī)治療來(lái)源的病人（patientswitharegularsourceofcare）得到更好的護(hù)理”，緊接著說(shuō)“盡管一些內(nèi)科醫(yī)生在心臟病學(xué)或風(fēng)濕病學(xué)方面有額外的培訓(xùn)，但初級(jí)保健醫(yī)生也有一個(gè)可推薦的值得信賴的專家網(wǎng)絡(luò)?！庇纱送茢?，專家建議女性應(yīng)該和內(nèi)科醫(yī)生聯(lián)系一下，是因?yàn)樗麄冇锌赏扑]的值得信賴的專家網(wǎng)絡(luò)，即常規(guī)治療來(lái)源，C選項(xiàng)“他們有常規(guī)的治療來(lái)源”表述正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“每個(gè)內(nèi)科醫(yī)生都有一個(gè)可推薦的值得信賴的專家網(wǎng)絡(luò)”，“每個(gè)”的表述不恰當(dāng)，該選項(xiàng)屬于過(guò)度推理；

B選項(xiàng)“一些內(nèi)科醫(yī)生只接受過(guò)心臟病學(xué)或風(fēng)濕病學(xué)的培訓(xùn)”，表述不符合原文，原文第2段第2句提到“心臟病學(xué)或風(fēng)濕病學(xué)的培訓(xùn)”是內(nèi)科醫(yī)生的額外訓(xùn)練（additionaltraining），說(shuō)明他們還接受了其他訓(xùn)練，該選項(xiàng)屬于偷換概念；

D選項(xiàng)“他們不需要總是跟醫(yī)生預(yù)約”，原文只是說(shuō)有常規(guī)護(hù)理來(lái)源的能得到更好的治療（getbettercare），并沒(méi)有說(shuō)就不需要預(yù)約了，該選項(xiàng)屬于過(guò)度推理。

8.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Fortheuninsured,expertssuggest____.對(duì)于沒(méi)有保險(xiǎn)的人，專家建議____。

A.theyberesponsibleforthecostoflabtests,bloodwork,proceduresandmedicationA.他們要負(fù)責(zé)化驗(yàn)、驗(yàn)血、手術(shù)和用藥的費(fèi)用

B.theyreachsomeagreementwithadoctorforadjustedcoverageofcostsB.他們和醫(yī)生達(dá)成協(xié)議，調(diào)整需承擔(dān)的費(fèi)用

C.theygotoacommunityhealthcenterorhospitalclinicforfreemedicalcareC.他們?nèi)ド鐓^(qū)健康中心或醫(yī)院診所接受免費(fèi)醫(yī)療

D.theyvisittheFamiliesUSAWebsitetolocatefreehealthcareD.他們?cè)L問(wèn)美國(guó)家庭網(wǎng)站尋找免費(fèi)醫(yī)療

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞theuninsured和suggest定位到原文第5段第1句，該句提到“如果你沒(méi)有保險(xiǎn)，可以和醫(yī)生協(xié)商（negotiatewithadoctor），讓醫(yī)生同意降低費(fèi)用（agreeonareducedfee）”，由此可知，B選項(xiàng)“他們和醫(yī)生達(dá)成協(xié)議，調(diào)整需承擔(dān)的費(fèi)用”，表述正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“他們要負(fù)責(zé)化驗(yàn)、驗(yàn)血、手術(shù)和用藥的費(fèi)用”，可定位到原文第5段第1句，該句提到“你還是要承擔(dān)（youwillalsoberesponsiblefor）實(shí)驗(yàn)室檢測(cè)、血液檢測(cè)、X光、程序和藥物的費(fèi)用”，由此可知，該選項(xiàng)只是在陳述事實(shí)，而非專家的建議；

C選項(xiàng)“他們?nèi)ド鐓^(qū)健康中心或醫(yī)院診所接受免費(fèi)醫(yī)療”，可定位到第5段第2句，該句提到“這些費(fèi)用更有可能由社區(qū)衛(wèi)生中心或醫(yī)院診所按浮動(dòng)比例支付或收取（becoveredorcharged）?！庇纱丝芍鐓^(qū)健康中心或醫(yī)院診所并不提供免費(fèi)醫(yī)療，并且這不是專家的建議，該選項(xiàng)屬于曲解原文；

D選項(xiàng)“他們?cè)L問(wèn)美國(guó)家庭網(wǎng)站尋找免費(fèi)醫(yī)療”，可定位到第5段最后一句，該句提到“您可以在美國(guó)家庭網(wǎng)站www.的‘消費(fèi)者資源’中找到?！备鶕?jù)上下文可知，這個(gè)網(wǎng)址是找社區(qū)健康中心或者醫(yī)院診所的，并且這些醫(yī)療也并不是免費(fèi)的，該選項(xiàng)屬于曲解原文。

9.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Expertsindicatethatifadoctoruseselectronicrecords,____.專家提示，如果一個(gè)醫(yī)生使用電子病歷，那么____。

A.thedoctorshouldbeaprioritychoiceforpatientsA.這個(gè)醫(yī)生應(yīng)該是病人優(yōu)先選擇的對(duì)象

B.thedoctormustbeextremelypopularamongpatientsB.這位醫(yī)生一定很受病人歡迎

C.patientsshouldgivethedoctorextracreditsC.病人應(yīng)該給醫(yī)生額外的贊揚(yáng)

D.theuninsuredmaybechargedmorethantheinsuredD.未投保的人可能會(huì)比已投保的人被收取更多的費(fèi)用

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞adoctoruseselectronicrecords定位到原文倒數(shù)第2段最后一句，該句提到“如果醫(yī)生使用電子病歷（thedoctoruseselectronicrecords），這是一個(gè)優(yōu)點(diǎn)（aplus）。”另外，本段第一句提到“其他需要考慮的因素是……（Otherfactorstoconsiderare…）”由此可知，使用電子病歷的醫(yī)生是相對(duì)來(lái)說(shuō)可靠的、好的醫(yī)生；另外，全文主要是介紹如何挑選好的醫(yī)生并與之建立聯(lián)系，A選項(xiàng)“這個(gè)醫(yī)生應(yīng)該是病人優(yōu)先選擇的對(duì)象”，符合原文。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B選項(xiàng)“這位醫(yī)生一定很受病人歡迎”，原文只是說(shuō)這是該醫(yī)生的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，并沒(méi)有提到一定特別受歡迎，該選項(xiàng)屬于過(guò)度推測(cè)；

C選項(xiàng)“病人應(yīng)該給醫(yī)生額外的贊揚(yáng)”，專家說(shuō)這是一個(gè)優(yōu)點(diǎn)，并不是為了要贊揚(yáng)醫(yī)生，而是告訴讀者可以選擇這樣的醫(yī)生，該選項(xiàng)屬于曲解原文；

D選項(xiàng)“未投保的人可能會(huì)比已投保的人被收取更多的費(fèi)用”，原文并未提及，該選項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有。

10.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

StrategiesforgettinganappointmentwithadoctormoreeasilyincludeallEXCEPT____.更容易預(yù)約醫(yī)生的策略包括除____以外的所有內(nèi)容。

A.establishingarelationshipwithadoctorwhohaseveningandweekendhoursA.與一位晚上和周末都有空的醫(yī)生建立關(guān)系

B.discoveringacomfortrelationshipwithadoctorthroughinterviewsB.通過(guò)會(huì)面與醫(yī)生的建立舒適的關(guān)系

C.stayinguninsuredforreducedchargesincommunityhealthcentersC.為了在社區(qū)衛(wèi)生中心享受降低一點(diǎn)的費(fèi)用而不買保險(xiǎn)

D.findingadoctorinagrouppracticethatstaysuptodateoncurrentmedicalpracticeD.找一個(gè)屬于某個(gè)醫(yī)療團(tuán)隊(duì)的醫(yī)生且這個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)進(jìn)行當(dāng)前最新的醫(yī)療實(shí)踐

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】本題要求選原文沒(méi)有提到的策略。C選項(xiàng)“為了在社區(qū)衛(wèi)生中心享受降低一點(diǎn)的費(fèi)用而不買保險(xiǎn)”，可定位到原文第5段第1句，該句提到“如果你沒(méi)有保險(xiǎn)（Ifyou’reuninsured），你可以和醫(yī)生協(xié)商降低費(fèi)用……”原文只是說(shuō)沒(méi)有買保險(xiǎn)的人可以跟醫(yī)生商量少收一些費(fèi)用，并不是建議不買保險(xiǎn)，選項(xiàng)表述錯(cuò)誤，本末倒置，符合題意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“與一位晚上和周末都有空的醫(yī)生建立關(guān)系”，可定位到原文倒數(shù)第2段第1句，該句提到“其他需要考慮的因素（Otherfactorstoconsider）包括醫(yī)生是否有晚上和周末的時(shí)間（whetherthedoctorhaseveningandweekendhours）……”，由此可知，晚上和周末都有空的醫(yī)生更方便建立關(guān)系和預(yù)約看病，選項(xiàng)表述正確，不符合題意，該選項(xiàng)屬于反向干擾；

B選項(xiàng)“通過(guò)會(huì)面與醫(yī)生建立舒適的關(guān)系”，可定位到原文最后一段第1句，該句提到“關(guān)于你是否能跟你選擇的醫(yī)生相處愉快（whetheryouarecomfortablewiththedoctor）這個(gè)關(guān)鍵問(wèn)題，直到你們見(jiàn)了面（meetwiththedoctor），你才會(huì)知道?！庇纱丝芍ㄟ^(guò)雙方面對(duì)面交往，才能知道是否能跟對(duì)方相處愉快，才能建立舒適的關(guān)系，選項(xiàng)表述正確，不符合題意，該選項(xiàng)屬于反向干擾；

D選項(xiàng)“找一個(gè)屬于某個(gè)醫(yī)療團(tuán)隊(duì)的醫(yī)生且這個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)進(jìn)行當(dāng)前最新的醫(yī)療實(shí)踐”，可定位到原文倒數(shù)第2段倒數(shù)第2句，該句提到“集體實(shí)踐（grouppractices）往往更有效率，團(tuán)體醫(yī)生更有可能保持最新的醫(yī)療實(shí)踐（stayuptodateoncurrentmedicalpractice）?！庇纱丝芍?，作者更推薦處于某個(gè)醫(yī)學(xué)團(tuán)隊(duì)的醫(yī)生，選項(xiàng)表述正確，不符合題意，該選項(xiàng)屬于反向干擾。

4.單選題

Thissummittalkisthoughttobeinstrumentalinbringingaboutpeaceinthisregion.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.helpful

B.useless

C.harmless

D.inappropriate

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。instrumental表示“有幫助的，樂(lè)器的”；A項(xiàng)helpful“有幫助的”，B項(xiàng)useless“無(wú)用的”，C項(xiàng)harmless“無(wú)害的，無(wú)惡意的”，D項(xiàng)inappropriate“不適當(dāng)?shù)?，不相稱的”。句意：人們認(rèn)為，這次首腦會(huì)談?dòng)兄谠谠摰貐^(qū)實(shí)現(xiàn)和平。根據(jù)句意可知，該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。

5.單選題

TheworkersofspaceshuttleDiscoverygotintothebackoftheshuttletolookfor_______intheelectronicsthatsenddatafromthesensorstoonboardcomputers.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.glitches

B.suspects

C.orbiters

D.pitches

【答案】A

【解析】glitch失靈，小故障；suspect嫌疑犯；orbiter盤(pán)旋物，人造衛(wèi)星；pitch斜度。句意：航天飛機(jī)“發(fā)現(xiàn)者”號(hào)上的工作人員們進(jìn)入飛機(jī)的后部，尋找將數(shù)據(jù)從傳感器發(fā)送到機(jī)載計(jì)算機(jī)上的電子設(shè)備的故障。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

6.單選題

Atfirst,movieswerelittlemorethanamusingthatappearedtomove.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.novels

B.novelties

C.notices

D.novices

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。novel“小說(shuō)”；novelty“新奇的事物”；notice“通知”；novice“初學(xué)者”。句意：起初，電影只不過(guò)是似乎會(huì)移動(dòng)的有趣的……。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

7.單選題

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Minor

B.Moderate.

C.Intense.

D.Severe.

【答案】A

【解析】10.M:Howstrongisthepainexactly?Onascaleof1to10,howwouldyoudescribetheintensityofthepain?

W:I’dsaythepainisaboutoneonascaleof1to10.LikeIsay,it’snotreallybad.Itjustkeepscomingback.

Q:Whichofthefollowingwouldbestdescribethewoman’spain?

【試題答案】A

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干為：以下哪個(gè)最能準(zhǔn)確描述這個(gè)女士的傷痛？由文中“I’dsaythepainisaboutoneonascaleof1to10.LikeIsay,it’snotreallybad.（我想說(shuō)痛感是1到10等級(jí)的第一級(jí)。就像我說(shuō)的，并不算很痛）”，可知A選項(xiàng)“Minor（輕度）”符合原文。B選項(xiàng)“中等的”；C選項(xiàng)“強(qiáng)烈的”；D選項(xiàng)“劇烈的”不符合原文。

8.單選題

Ifshe（

）herefforts,shewillsucceed

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.goeson

B.retains

C.holdsinto

D.maintains

【答案】D

【解析】近義詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)goon“繼續(xù)”；B選項(xiàng)retain“保持”；C選項(xiàng)holdinto搭配不當(dāng)；D選項(xiàng)maintain“持續(xù)，保持”。句意：如果她持續(xù)努力，她會(huì)成功的。這里強(qiáng)調(diào)的是持續(xù)性，所以選項(xiàng)D更符合語(yǔ)境。

9.單選題

Hewassoangrythathejustcouldn’t（）fromtellingthemwhathethought.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.holdoff

B.holdon

C.holdback

D.holdup

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。holdbackfrom意為“抑制…阻止…”。句意“他非常生氣，忍不住把自己的想法告訴了他們?！边x項(xiàng)C符合句意。

10.單選題

Howcanyouavoidmistakeswhenyouareinsucha（）?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.haste

B.hurry

C.speed

D.dash

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配。inahurry意為“立刻，匆忙”。句意：當(dāng)你如此匆忙的時(shí)候，你怎么能避免錯(cuò)誤呢?選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

11.單選題

Similarcutsare（

）atStanford,whichisplanningtoslash$43millionoverthenexttwoyears.AndColumbiaUniversity,whichfacesa$50milliondeficit,willprobablyfollowsuit,althoughtheheadsof26arts-and-sciencesdepartmentshavethreatenedtoquitifthecutbacksaretooharsh.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.lurking

B.looming

C.sagging

D.soaring

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)lurk“潛伏；埋伏”；B選項(xiàng)loom“赫然出現(xiàn)”；C選項(xiàng)sag“下跌；松弛；萎靡”；D選項(xiàng)soar“激增；高飛；升空”。句意：斯坦福大學(xué)也……類似的削減，計(jì)劃在未來(lái)兩年內(nèi)削減4300萬(wàn)美元。面臨5000萬(wàn)美元赤字的哥倫比亞大學(xué)(ColumbiaUniversity)可能也會(huì)效仿，盡管26個(gè)藝術(shù)和科學(xué)院系的負(fù)責(zé)人威脅稱，如果削減幅度過(guò)大，他們將辭職。由句意可知B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

12.單選題

Shehastakengreatpainstoconcealheremotions,andtherebymadethem（

）conspicuous.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.allthemore

B.allthemuch

C.allmore

D.allmuch

【答案】A

【解析】考查部分倒裝。句意：她竭力隱藏她的情緒，但是她卻讓他們更加明顯了。這里選固定搭配A選項(xiàng)allthemore“更加”；其他選項(xiàng)不能作為副詞修飾conspicuous這個(gè)形容詞。

13.單選題

Igetaskedaboutwhatindividualscandotostaycurrentinaworldthatsomehowkeeps_______andrepeatingpatternsailatthesametime.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.transforming

B.distorting

C.converting

D.contorting

【答案】A

【解析】transform轉(zhuǎn)換,改變;distort扭曲,曲解;convert使轉(zhuǎn)變;contort扭曲,歪曲。句意：有人問(wèn)我，在一個(gè)不斷改變的同時(shí)又重復(fù)著那些模式的世界里，個(gè)人如何才能保持與時(shí)俱進(jìn)。這里強(qiáng)調(diào)的是變化，所以選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

14.翻譯題

科學(xué)的最終目的是提供一種描繪整個(gè)宇宙的簡(jiǎn)單理論。然而，大多科學(xué)家實(shí)際采用的方法是將這個(gè)問(wèn)題分成兩個(gè)部分。第一部分是一些告知我們宇宙隨著時(shí)間的推移而變化的方式的規(guī)律。第二部分是對(duì)宇宙初始狀態(tài)的疑問(wèn)。有些人認(rèn)為科學(xué)只應(yīng)該關(guān)注第一部分。他們把宇宙初始狀態(tài)的問(wèn)題看成是玄學(xué)或宗教要回答的問(wèn)題。

【答案】Theultimateaimofscienceistoobtainasimpletheorywhichcandescribesthewholeuniverse.However,mostscientistsineffectseparatetheissueintotwoparts.Thefirstpartiscomposedoflawshowtheuniversechangeswithtime.Thesecondpartconsistsofthequestionsovertheoriginalstateoftheuniverse.Somepeoplebelievethatscienceshouldonlyfocusonthefirstpartwhereasthequestionsovertheoriginalstateoftheuniverseshouldbeansweredbymetaphysicsorreligions.

15.單選題

Youcan（

）thevideocameraonatripod（三腳架），sothatyoudon'thavetoworryaboutholdingitsteadywhileyouaskquestions.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.withstand

B.fix

C.plant

D.dwell

【答案】B

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析題。withstand抵抗，反抗；fix固定；plant種植，培養(yǎng)；dwell居住，存在于。

句意：你可以將攝像機(jī)固定在三腳架上，這樣當(dāng)你提問(wèn)的時(shí)候就不用擔(dān)心需要穩(wěn)穩(wěn)的抓住它了。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

16.單選題

People’sexpectationsaboutthefuturemayhavemoreinfluenceontheirsenseofwell-beingthantheir（）statedoes.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.current

B.initial

C.modern

D.primitive

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。current“現(xiàn)在的，最近的”；initial“最初的”；modern“現(xiàn)代的”；primitive“原始的”。句意：人們對(duì)未來(lái)的期望，相比他們現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)，可能對(duì)他們的幸福感產(chǎn)生更大的影響。由題干中的future以及than可推知此空應(yīng)填與future相對(duì)應(yīng)的表示時(shí)間狀態(tài)的詞，故A項(xiàng)符合題意。

17.單選題

Howfastisyourpersonalcomputer?Whenpeopleaskthisquestion,theyaretypicallyreferringtothefrequencyofaminusculeclockinsidethecomputer,acrystaloscillatorthatsetthebasicrhythmusedthroughoutthemachine.Inacomputerwithaspeedofonegigahertz（千兆赫），forexample,thecrystal"licks”abilliontimesasecond.Everyactionofthecomputertakesplaceintinysteps,eachabillionthofasecondlong.Asimpletransferofdatamaytakeonlyonestep;complexcalculationsmaytakemanysteps.Alloperations,however,mustbeginandendaccordingtotheclock’stimingsignals.

Becausemostmodemcomputersuseasinglerhythm,wecallthemsynchronous.Insidethecomputer’smicroprocessorchip,aclockdistributionsystemdeliversthetimingsignalsfromthecrystaloscillatortothevariouscircuits,justassoundinairdeliversthebeatofadrumtosoldierstosettheirmarchingpace.Becauseallpartsofthechipsharethesamerhythm,theoutputofanycircuitfromonestepcanserveastheinputtoanyothercircuitforthenextstep.Thesynchronizationprovidedbytheclockhelpschipdesignersplansequencesofactionsforthecomputer.

Theuseofacentralclockalsocreatesproblems.Asspeedshaveincreased,distributingthetimingsignalshasbecomemoreandmoredifficult.Present-daytransistorscanprocessdatasoquicklythattheycanaccomplishseveralstepsinthetimethatittakesawiretocarryasignalfromonesideofthechiptotheother.Keepingtherhythmidenticalinallpartsofalargechiprequirescarefultotheother.Keepingtherhythmidenticalinallpartsofalargechiprequirescarefuldesignandagreatdealofelectricalpower.Wouldn’titbenicetohaveanalternative?

OurresearchgroupatSunMicrosystemsLaboratoriesseekssuchalternatives.Alongwithseveralothergroupsworldwide,weareinvestigatingwaystodesigncomputingsystemsinwhicheachpartcanproceedatitsownpaceinsteadofdependingontherhythmofacentralclock.Wecallsuchsystemsasynchronous.Eachpartofanasynchronoussystemmayextendorshortenthetimingofitsstepswhenwalkingacrossroughterrain.

1.Whatdeterminestherhythmofthepersonalcomputer?

2.Whydoestheauthormentionsoundinairinthesecondparagraph?

3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasadisadvantageoftheuseofacentralclock?

4.Theword“alternative”means（

）.

5.Wecaninferfromthearticlethat（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Analarmingclock.

B.Acrystaloscillator.

C.Complexcalculations.

D.Theclock’stimingsignals.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Toillustratethetimingsignalsaredeliveredinasimilarwaysoundtravelsinair.

B.Toshowusthattimingsignals’speedcanbeasfastasthatofsound.

C.Becausethewaveoftimingsignalsissimilartothesoundwave.

D.Becausesoundisdeliveredbytimingsignals.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Distributingthetimingsignalsismoredifficultwhenspeedsarehigher.

B.Ithastotakeawiretocarryasignalfromonesideofthechiptotheother.

C.Carefuldesignisnecessarytokeeptherhythmidenticalinallpartsofalargechip.

D.Agreatdealofelectricalpowerisrequiredtoawholechipsynchronous.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.method

B.substitute

C.answer

D.machine

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.thestructureofanasynchronoussystemisdifferentfromthatofasynchronoussystem.

B.thecentralclocksetstherhythmofpartsofanasynchronoussystem

C.eachpartofanasynchronoussystemcanchangetherhythmofthecentralclock.

D.searchingforbetterreplacementforthesynchronoussystemisaninternationalproblem.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第一段第二句“Howfastisyourpersonalcomputer?Whenpeopleaskthisquestion,theyaretypicallyreferringtothefrequencyofaminusculeclockinsidethecomputer,acrystaloscillatorthatsetthebasicrhythmusedthroughoutthemachine.你的電腦有多快？當(dāng)人們問(wèn)這個(gè)問(wèn)題時(shí)，他們通常指的是計(jì)算機(jī)內(nèi)部一個(gè)微小時(shí)鐘的頻率，它是一個(gè)晶體振蕩器，設(shè)定了整個(gè)機(jī)器使用的基本節(jié)奏?！庇纱丝芍?，選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

2.判斷推理題。根據(jù)原文句意“在計(jì)算機(jī)的微處理器芯片中，一個(gè)時(shí)鐘分配系統(tǒng)將晶體振蕩器發(fā)出的定時(shí)信號(hào)傳送到各個(gè)電路中，就像鼓聲通過(guò)空氣傳播給士兵，以此來(lái)確定他們行進(jìn)的步伐一樣?！庇纱丝赏茢?，這里提到鼓聲在空氣中傳播是為了說(shuō)明定時(shí)信號(hào)的傳遞和聲音在空氣中傳播的方式是類似的，所以選項(xiàng)A正確。

3.判斷推理題。根據(jù)第三段第二句“Asspeedshaveincreased,distributingthetimingsignalshasbecomemoreandmoredifficult.隨著速度的提高，定時(shí)信號(hào)的分配變得越來(lái)越困難?！边x項(xiàng)A符合原文；根據(jù)第三段倒數(shù)第二句“Keepingtherhythmidenticalinallpartsofalargechiprequirescarefuldesignandagreatdealofelectricalpower.要使一個(gè)大芯片的所有部件都保持相同的節(jié)奏，需要精心的設(shè)計(jì)和大量的電力?！边x項(xiàng)C和D符合原文。選項(xiàng)B是由于速度過(guò)快導(dǎo)致的結(jié)果而不是缺點(diǎn)，所以不正確，本題選B。

4.詞義題。結(jié)合原文內(nèi)容可知，“alternative”意為“替代品”，選項(xiàng)B與之意思相近。

5.判斷推理題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句“OurresearchgroupatSunMicrosystemsLaboratoriesseekssuchalternatives.Alongwithseveralothergroupsworldwide,我們?cè)谔?yáng)微系統(tǒng)實(shí)驗(yàn)室的研究組正在尋找這樣的替代品。和世界上其他幾個(gè)組織一起...”由此可推斷，尋找更好的同步系統(tǒng)替代品是一個(gè)國(guó)際性問(wèn)題，選項(xiàng)D正確。選項(xiàng)A，B，C均是事實(shí)，不是推導(dǎo)出來(lái)的，所以不符合題意。

18.單選題

Thedoctor’s（）wasthatsheshouldgoandseethespecialistinthisfield.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.constraint

B.counsel

C.coherence

D.consciousness

【答案】B

【解析】名詞辨析題。constraint約束，強(qiáng)制；counsel勸告，忠告；coherence一致；consciousness意識(shí)，知覺(jué)。

句意:醫(yī)生的（）就是她應(yīng)該去看這個(gè)領(lǐng)域的專家。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

19.單選題

______Stevesaid:“IwillbecomingbackandifconditionsdonotworsensounexpectedlyIhopetomeetyouagain.”

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Cryptically

B.Deservedly

C.Exceedingly

D.Excessively

【答案】A

【解析】考查副詞辨析。A項(xiàng)cryptically“隱秘地，意義含糊地”，B項(xiàng)deservedly“理所當(dāng)然地，應(yīng)得報(bào)酬地”，C項(xiàng)exceedingly“非常，極其，極度地”，D項(xiàng)excessively“過(guò)分地，極度”。由雙引號(hào)內(nèi)的句意“我會(huì)回來(lái)的，如果情況不會(huì)如此出乎意料地惡化，我希望能再次見(jiàn)到你”可知，四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中把A項(xiàng)代入進(jìn)去最符合句子的語(yǔ)境。句意：史蒂夫含糊其詞地說(shuō)：“我會(huì)回來(lái)的，如果情況不會(huì)如此出乎意料地惡化，我希望能再次見(jiàn)到你?！币虼?，該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。

20.單選題

ManufacturingisChina’smostimportanteconomicactivity,（）over30percentoftheworkforce.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.including

B.engaging

C.approximating

D.accounting

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辦析。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)的意思分別是:including包含，包括；engaging聘用，雇用；approximating近似，接近；accounting記述，報(bào)告。句意:制造業(yè)是中國(guó)最重要的經(jīng)濟(jì)活動(dòng)，雇傭了超過(guò)30%的勞動(dòng)力。本題考查的是分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)，根據(jù)句意可推出正確答案是B。

21.單選題

Manysoldiershavetoremindthemselveswhentheyreturnhomenottouse（

）ofthebarracks.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.vulgar

B.gross

C.rough

D.coarse

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。vulgar意為“庸俗的，粗俗的”；gross意為“不雅的，惡俗的”；rough意為“（態(tài)度）粗暴”；coarse意為“粗魯無(wú)禮的”。A、C、D選項(xiàng)一般表示行為，舉止粗俗，此處表示使用的語(yǔ)言，gross表示語(yǔ)言的粗魯不雅，因此選B。

句意：許多士兵在回家時(shí)必須提醒自己不使用軍營(yíng)里粗魯?shù)恼Z(yǔ)言。

22.填空題

YourSmartphoneMayBeHurtingYourSleepA)Youloveyoursmartphone,butitmayberuiningyourZZZ’s.Useofthesedevices,especiallynearbedtime,isassociatedwithworsequalityofsleep,accordingtoanewstudy.“Whenwelookedatsmartphoneusearoundthetimewhenparticipantsreportedtheywenttobed,moresmartphoneusearoundthattimeinparticularwasassociatedwithalongertimetofallasleepandworsesleepqualityduringthenight,”saidDr.GregoryMarcus,authorofthestudyandanassociateprofessorofmedicineattheUniversityofCalifornia,SanFrancisco.HisresearchwaspublishedWednesdayinthejournalPLOSOne.

B)Theword“crack-berry”becamepopularroughlyadecadeagotodescribetheaddictivequalityofBlackBerrydevices—arguablythefirstreallysuccessfulsmartphones.Today,almosteveryoneisasmartphonejunkie,standingwithheadbowedwhilewaitingforatrainorinlineatthepostoffice.

C)Knowingthatsmartphoneusehasincreasedtogetherwithsleepdeprivationrates,Marcusandhiscolleaguesdecidedtoinvestigatewhetherthetwomightberelated.Toanswerthisquestion,heusedexitinginformationcollectedbyanInternet-basedstudyhestartedinMarch2016.

D)“HealthE-Heart,”whichwasfundedbytheNationalInstitutesofHealthisdesignedtostudycardiovascularhealth.Anyone18yearsofageoroldercanenrollinHealthE-Heart,co-foundedbyDrs.MarkPletcherandJeffreyOlgin,professorsatUCSF.Aftersigningaconsentform,enrolledparticipantsself-reporttheirhealthdataviaaseriesofonlinequestionnaires.Theinformationisgathered,analyzedandusedtoresearchanddevelopstrategiestopreventandtreatallaspectsofheartdisease.

E)About80,000participantshaveenrolledinHealthE-Heart,Marcussaid.“We’vehadpeoplefromeverystateintheUS,lotsofpeoplefromeverystate,andweactuallyhavepeoplefrom50countries.”Marcusandhisco-foundersalsomakethedataavailabletootherscientistsconductingunrelatedstudies.Forthenewsmartphonestudy,Marcusmadeuseofthiswealthofinformationtoconducthisown“sub-study”.

F)OfthetotalHealthE-Heartenrollees,653peoplechosetoparticipateinandcompletethenewsmartphone-sleepstudy.Participantsinstalledanappontheirphonestoautomaticallyrecordthetotalnumberofminutesineachhourthescreenwasturnedon(totalscreentime)duringa30-dayperiod.TheseparticipantshadalreadyreportedtheirsleephoursandsleepqualityusingavalidatedquestionnaireaspartofthegeneralHealthE-Heartexperience,Marcusexplained.So,whenansweringthesleepassessmentquestions,participantsalsoentereddemographicdataplusinformationabouttheiralcoholuse,physicalactivity,smokinghabitsandotherhealthissues.Byansweringsomanyquestions,participantswereunawareofwhattheresearcherswerestudying,explainedMarcus:“Wewouldn’texpectanybias.”

G)Analyzingthedata,theresearchersdiscoveredthat,onaverage,participantsusedtheirsmartphonesforatotalof38.4hoursovera30-dayperiod.Individualswithalongeraveragescreentimeweremorelikelytohavepoorersleepqualityandlesssleepoverall:About35%ofthosewhousedtheirsmartphonesforshorteramountsoftimethanaveragehadsleepdifficulties,comparedwith42%ofthosewithaverageorgreaterthanaverageuse.Andpoorqualitysleepwasmorelikelyforparticipantswhousedtheirsmartphonesnearbedtime.

H)Theresearchersdiscoveredthatscreen-timevariesthroughouta24-hourperiod,butmostoccursduringtheday.Yetforsomeparticipants,smartphoneusepeakedduringthenight.“Wecan’texcludethepossibilitythatsomepeoplecan’tsleepforsomecompletelyunrelatedreason,andbecausetheycan’tsleep,they’reusingtheirsmartphone,justtopassthetime,”Marcussaid.

I)Despitepotentialshortcomings,Marcusresearchisinlinewithotherstudiesshowingthattheuseoftechnologynearbedtimeisassociatedwithdifficultysleeping,suchasthe2015NationalSleepFoundationpoll.Otherresearchhasshownthatthebluelightemittedbysmartphones(andotherdigitaldevices)mightsuppressourbody’sproductionofmelatonin,ahormonethatinducestirednessandcontributestothetimingofsleep-wakecycles.“Sothere’ssomebiologicalplausibilitysupportingtheideathatthereisacausalrelationship,butweweren’tabletoidentifythat,”Marcusnoted.

J)“Itisbelievedthatsleepisarestorativeprocessandabasicbiologicneed,”saidDr.NeilKline,asleepphysician,internistandrepresentativeoftheAmericanSleepAssociation.“Whenanimals,includinghumans,aredeprivedofsleep,therearemanybodysystemsthatfail.Notonlydoesourperformance,memoryandattentionspansuffer,ourimmunesystemandendocrinesystemisalsoimpaired.”

K)Thoughmostofthesenegativeeffectshavebeenstudiedexclusivelyinadults,children’ssleepisalsoaffectedbytechnology,accordingtoanunrelatedstudy.LeadauthorBenCarter,aseniorlecturerinbiostatisticsatKing’sCollegeLondon,andhiscolleaguesdiscoveredthatforteensandchildren,theuseofcellphones,tabletsandcomputersisassociatedwithlosingsleep