考研考博-英語-安徽機(jī)電職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解4

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-安徽機(jī)電職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.填空題

Thefamilyisacooperativeenterprisewhichitisdifficulttolaydownrules,becauseeachfamilyneedstoworkoutitsownwaysforsolvingitsownproblems.

A

B

C

D

【答案】Awhich改為where或forwhich

【解析】【考查點(diǎn)】從句。

【解題思路】itisdifficulttolaydownrules是修飾enterprise的定語從句，enterprise表示地點(diǎn)，所以可以用where引導(dǎo)。結(jié)合固定句型Itisdifficultforsb.todosth.，此題為forenterprise，在這里forwhich相當(dāng)于where。

【句意】家庭是合作式企業(yè)，很難制定規(guī)則，因?yàn)槊總€(gè)家庭都需要找到適合自己的辦法來解決屬于自己的問題。

2.翻譯題

TheInternet,oncethedomainofeducationandgovernment,hassuddenlyexplodedintothecommercialsector.Fromthiswewillwitnessdramaticchangesinthewayweworkandthesystemswewilluse.JavawillhaveaveryimportantroletoplayinthisdigitalrevolutionallowingexecutablecontentthataresafetotraverseandridetheInternetontoourdesktops.Arich,interactive,three-dimensional“SecondWeb”isexpectedtoevolvewhichwillhelptoattractalargeraudiencethantoday’stwo-dimensionaltext-picturesmodel.

NewtechnologiesarealreadybeginningtotransformtheWorldWideWebfromitscentricsystemtoonemoreliketherealworld-interactive,three-dimensionalandanimate.

“TheFirstWeb”isprimarilyamediumfordocumentaccess.Itisfundamentallyareadingexperiencewithbenefitsoftenexpressedinthesavingsachievedbyeliminatingpaper-basedprocesses.Asaresult,theWebappliestoalimitedpartofourlives.Ithasnotbecomeamassmediumforthehomeliketelephonesandtelevisionsets.

【答案】過去，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)是教育和政府專用的，但是，現(xiàn)在它突然廣泛應(yīng)用于商業(yè)層面，由此，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)我們的工作方式和使用的系統(tǒng)發(fā)生了巨大的變化。JAVA語言在這場(chǎng)數(shù)字革命中起了重要的作用，它使可執(zhí)行文件可以通過互聯(lián)網(wǎng)安全地傳送到我們的計(jì)算機(jī)中。很快，會(huì)出現(xiàn)一個(gè)更豐富，互動(dòng)的三維“第二代”網(wǎng)絡(luò)，與今天的二維文本圖像網(wǎng)絡(luò)相比，它能吸引更多的用戶。

新技術(shù)已經(jīng)開始把萬維網(wǎng)從以網(wǎng)頁為中心的系統(tǒng)變得更加真實(shí)，更加有立體感以及更加栩栩如生。

第一代網(wǎng)絡(luò)是一種以文件訪問為主的媒介。它的主要用途是閱讀，優(yōu)點(diǎn)是消除了很多文字和材料工作，節(jié)省了費(fèi)用。因此，它在我們的生活中的應(yīng)用很小。它并沒有像電話的電視那樣成為一種大眾媒體。

3.單選題

Peoplehavebeendonatingbloodsincetheearlytwentiethcenturytohelpaccidentvictimsandpatientsundergoingsurgicalprocedures.Usuallyapintofwholebloodisdonated,anditisthendividedintoplatelets,whitebloodcells,andredbloodcells.Peoplecandonateblood(forredbloodcells)aboutonceeverytwomonths.

Transfusingthebloodfromthedonortotherecipientisstraightforward.D.Itinvolvestakingthebloodfromadonor’sarmveinbymeansofahypodermicsyringe.Thebloodflowsthroughaplastictubetoacollectionbagorbottlethatcontainssodiumcitrate,whichpreventsthebloodfromclotting.

Whenthebloodisgiventoapatient,aplastictubeandhypodermicneedleareconnectedtotherecipient’sarm.Thebloodflowsdownfromthecontainerbygravity.Thisisaslowprocessandmaylastaslongas2hourstocompletetheinfusionofbloodintotherecipient.Thepatientisprotectedfrombeinginfectedduringthetransfusion.Onlysterilecontainers,tubing,andneedlesareused,andthishelpsensurethattransfusedorstoredbloodisnotexposedtodisease-causingbacteria.

Negativereactionstotransfusionsarenotunusual.Therecipientmaysufferanallergicreactionorbesensitivetodonorleukocytes.Somemaysufferfromanundetectedred-cellincompatibility.Unexplainedreactionsarealsofairlycommon.Althoughtheyarerare,othercausesofsuchnegativereactionsincludecontaminatedblood,airbubblesintheblood,overloadingofthecirculatorysystemthroughadministrationofexcessblood,orsensitivitytodonorplasmaorplatelets.

Today,hospitalsandbloodbanksgotogreatlengthstoscreenallblooddonorsandtheirblood.D.Alldonatedbloodisroutinelyandrigorouslytestedfordiseases,suchasHIV(whichcauseAIDS),hepatitisB,andsyphilis.Whentherecipientisanewbornoraninfant,thebloodisusuallyirradiatedtoeliminateharmfulclement.Donatedbloodiswashed,andthewhitebloodcellsandplateletsareremoved.

Storingthebloodsometimesrequiresafreezingprocess,tofreezetheredbloodcells,aglycerolsolutionisadded.D.Tounfreeze,theglycerolisremoved.D.Theabilitytostorebloodforlongperiodshasbeenaboontohumanhealth.

1.Accordingtothispassage,howoftencanpeopledonatebloodforredbloodcells?

2.Whichsentenceinparagraph2explainshowclottingispreventedinthebloodcontainer?

3.AllofthefollowingarementionedaspotentialnegativereactionstotransfusionsEXCEPT?

4.Basedontheinformationinthepassage,whatcanbeinferredaboutbloodtransfusedtoinfantsandnewborns?

5.Whatdoestheauthorimplyinthepassage?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Everymonth

B.Everytwomonths

C.Everythreemonths

D.Everyyear

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Thefirstsentence

B.Thesecondsentence

C.Thethirdsentence

D.Noneoftheabove

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.allergies

B.sensitivitytodonorleukocytes

C.red-cellincompatibility

D.airbubblesintheblood

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Itisasrigorouslytestedasbloodforadults

B.Itistreatedwithradiantenergy

C.Itisnottreateddifferentlyfromadults

D.Itisnotdangerousforchildren

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Transfusingbloodisadangerousprocess

B.Freezingblooddestroysplatelets

C.Clottingcannotbeprevented

D.Storingbloodbenefitsmankind

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)文章第一段最后一句話提到的內(nèi)容Peoplecandonateblood(forredbloodcells)aboutonceeverytwomonths可知選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

2.判斷推理題。第二段第一句話提到把獻(xiàn)血的血液輸血給接受者很簡單。第二句話提到通過皮下注射器從獻(xiàn)血者手臂的靜脈中抽取血液。第三句話提到檸檬酸鈉可以防止血液凝固。因此可知是第三句話講述了如何防止血液凝固，選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)文章第四段前三句話，可以排除A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)，因此選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。文章第五段倒數(shù)第二句話提到當(dāng)接受者是新生兒或嬰兒時(shí)，通常對(duì)血液進(jìn)行輻射處理以消除有害的毒素（Whentherecipientisanewbornoraninfant,thebloodisusuallyirradiatedtoeliminateharmfulclement），由此可知選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。文章第六段最后一句話提到長期儲(chǔ)存血液的能力對(duì)人類健康大有裨益（Theabilitytostorebloodforlongperiodshasbeenaboontohumanhealth），因此選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

4.單選題

Thecontributiongenesmaketointelligenceincreasesaschildrengrowolder.Thisgoesagainstthe

notionthatmostpeopleholdthatasweage，environmentalinfluencesgraduallyoverpowerthegenetic

legacywearebomwithandmayhaveimplicationsforeducation.“Peopleassumethegeneticinfluence

goesdownwithagebecausetheenvironmentaldifferencesbetweenpeoplepileupinlife,”saysRobert

Plomin.“Whatwefoundwasquiteamazing,andgoesintheotherdirection.”

Previousstudieshaveshownvariationsinintelligenceareatleastpartlyduetogenetics.Tofindoutwhetherthisgeneticcontributionvarieswithage,Plomin’steampooleddatafromsixseparatestudiescarriedoutintheUS,theUK,AustraliaandtheNetherlands,involvingatotalof11,000pairsoftwins.Inthesestudies,theresearcherstestedtwinsonreasoning,logicandarithmeticstomeasureaquantitycalledgeneralcognitiveability,or“G”.Eachstudyalsoincludedbothidenticaltwins,withthesamegenes,andfraternaltwins,sharingabouthalftheirgenes,makingitpossibletodistinguishthecontributionsofgenesandenvironmenttotheirGscores.

Plomin’steamcalculatedthatinchildhood,genesaccountforabout41percentofthevariationin

intelligence.Inadolescence,thisroseto55percent；byyoungadolescence,itwas66percent.Nooneknowswhytheinfluencefromgenesshouldincreasewithage,butPlominsuggeststhataschildrenget

older，theybecomebetteratexploitingandmanipulatingtheirenvironmenttosuittheirgeneticneeds,

andsays“KidswithhighGwillusetheirenvironmenttofostertheircognitiveabilityandchoosefriends

whoarelike-minded.”ChildrenwithmediumtolowGmaychooselesschallengingpastimesand

activities,furtheremphasizingtheirgeneticlegacy.

Isthereanywaytointerferewiththepattern?Perhaps.“Theevidenceofstrongheritabilitydoesn’t

meanatallthatthereisnothingyoucandoaboutit，”saysSusanneJaeggi，“Fromourownwork,the

onesthatstartedoffwithlowerIQscoreshadhighergainsaftertraining.’’

Plominsuggeststhatgeneticdifferencesmaybemoreemphasizedifallchildrenshareanidenticalcurriculuminsteadofitbeingtailoredtochildren’snaturalabilities.“Myinclinationwouldbetogiveeveryoneagoodeducation,butputmoreeffortintothelowerend,”hesays.IntelligenceresearcherPaulThompsonagrees:“Itshowsthateducatorsneedtosteerkidstowardsthingsdrawingouttheirnaturaltalents.”

1.Whatisthecommonnotionthatpeopleholdaboutgenes?

2.ThestudybyPlomin’steamaimstofindout(

)

3.Fromtheexperimentwithtwins,Plomin’steamdrawsaconclusionthat(

).

4.Theword“pattern”inparagraphfourisclosestinmeaningto(

).

5.WhichofthefollowingmightPlomin’steamleastagreeto?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Humanscandolittletochangethegeneticdifferencesbetweenpeople.

B.Geneticinfluencebecomesstrongerwhenpeoplereceiveeducation.

C.Genescontributemoretoone’sintelligencethanenvironmentalfactors.

D.Environmentalfactorslessentheinfluenceofgenesonone’sintelligence.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.whethervariationsinintelligencearecausedbygeneticdifferences

B.howtooverpowergeneticfactorswithneweducationalapproaches

C.whethergeneticcontributiontoone’sintelligencevarieswithage

D.therelationshipbetweenenvironmentandgenes

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.geneticcontributionincreaseswhenonegrowsolder

B.geneticinfluencedecreaseswhenageincreases

C.environmenthasmoreimpactonfraternaltwinsthanidenticaltwins

D.itremainsamysteryhowgenesandenvironmentco-influencepeople

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.cognitiveability

B.strongheritability

C.geneticlegacy

D.challengingpastimes

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Anidenticalcurriculumtoschoolchildren.

B.AdifferentiatedcoursedesigntochildrenwithvariedIQ.

C.MoreeffortdirectedatchildrenwithmediumorlowG.

D.Educationtailoredtochildren’snaturalabilities.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:A

第5題:A

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)題。題干：人們對(duì)基因的普遍看法是什么？由第一段第二句中的“asweage，environmentalinfluencesgraduallyoverpowerthegeneticlegacywearebomwithandmayhaveimplicationsforeducation”可知大多數(shù)人認(rèn)為，隨著年齡增長，“environmentalinfluence環(huán)境影響”將逐漸大于“geneticlegacy基因遺傳”。因此選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)題。題干：Plomin的研究小組的目的是找出______。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“Plomin’steam”定位到第二段第二句，往前有“Tofindoutwhetherthisgeneticcontributionvarieswithage”可知他們的目的是找出基因貢獻(xiàn)是否隨著年齡增長而增加。因此選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)推理題。題干：從雙胞胎的實(shí)驗(yàn)中，Plomin的團(tuán)隊(duì)得出了一個(gè)結(jié)論_______。第二段最后提到了雙胞胎實(shí)驗(yàn)，第三段開頭講到實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)論“Plomin’steamcalculatedthat…”，第三句中“Nooneknowswhytheinfluencefromgenesshouldincreasewithage”可推出實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)論就是基因影響隨著年齡的增長而增加。因此選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

4.詞義推測(cè)題。題干：第四段中的“pattern”最接近_______。定位點(diǎn)在第四段第一句，因此答案需往前文第三段找。第三段中，Plomin認(rèn)為G較高的孩子會(huì)利用環(huán)境培養(yǎng)自己的認(rèn)知能力并選擇志同道合的朋友；而G較低的孩子可能會(huì)選擇不那么有挑戰(zhàn)的娛樂和活動(dòng)，進(jìn)而強(qiáng)化了他們的基因遺傳?？芍@里說的“pattern”就是孩子們認(rèn)知能力的發(fā)展。因此選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

5.細(xì)節(jié)題。題干：下面哪個(gè)選項(xiàng)可能是Plomin的團(tuán)隊(duì)最不同意的？由本文最后一段可知，Plomin的團(tuán)隊(duì)認(rèn)為應(yīng)該進(jìn)行差異化教育，對(duì)于G中低等的孩子應(yīng)投入更多精力。因此選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

5.單選題

Heknewthathewaspoor,andwouldadmitit;hewouldhavediedsoonerthanconfessany（）totherich.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.superiority

B.inferiority

C.priority

D.preference

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。superiority“優(yōu)越”；inferiority“自卑”；priority“優(yōu)先權(quán)”；preference“偏愛、優(yōu)先權(quán)”。本句意為“他知道自己窮，也愿意承認(rèn)；他寧愿死也不愿承認(rèn)自己比富人低一等”，inferiority的意思讓本句邏輯成立。選項(xiàng)符合題意。

6.填空題

Directions:Ineachofthefollowingsentences,thereisonepartthatisgrammaticallyincorrect.Markouttheerroneouspartandthenputthecorrectforminthebracketsfollowingthesentence.

36.Basingontheresearchoftheforeignlanguage,thispaperconcludesthewaystolearnEnglishwell.（）

37.Nations,sensingathreatoftheireconomies,triedtotakeactionstoprotectthemselves.（）

38.Thefundwasdesignedtoencouragingthegrowthofinternationaltradebystabilizingcurrencies.（）

39.Howmanylifeinsurancedoestheaveragepersonbuy?（）

40.SportsinAmericatakeavariousofforms:organizedcompetitivestruggles,athleticgamesandhuntingandfishing.（）

【答案】36.basing→based

37.economies→economy

38.encouraging→encourage

39.many→much

40.various→variety

【解析】36.非謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該和句子的主語保持一定的邏輯關(guān)系，現(xiàn)在分詞表主動(dòng)，過去分詞表被動(dòng)，發(fā)出base這個(gè)動(dòng)作的施動(dòng)者是人，所以應(yīng)該使用過去分詞-ed形式。

37.這里的主語是nations“國家”，所以economy在這里是“經(jīng)濟(jì)體制，經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況”的意思，是不可數(shù)名詞，沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式。

38.to在作介詞時(shí)，沒有表目的的意義，這里的to是與后面的動(dòng)詞原形組合在一起組成不定式，所以encouraging應(yīng)該用動(dòng)詞原形encourage。

39.lifeinsurance“人壽保險(xiǎn)”這個(gè)名詞是不可數(shù)名詞，所以不能用howmany修飾，應(yīng)該把many改為much。

40.various是形容詞，可以直接修飾名詞，而of前面的詞一般都是名詞，所以這里應(yīng)該用variety。

7.單選題

Americanliteraryhistoriansareperhaps（

）toviewingtheirownnationalscenetoonarrowly,mistakingprominenceforuniqueness.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.prone

B.legible

C.incompatible

D.prior

【答案】A

【解析】考察形容詞詞義辨析。prone“有……傾向的”；legible“清晰的”；incompatible“不相容的，不能并存的”；prior“優(yōu)先的”。句意：美國文學(xué)史家也許傾向于狹隘地看待他們國家的文學(xué)，誤把卓越當(dāng)獨(dú)特。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

8.單選題

11.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Aspirant.

B.Courageous.

C.Cautious.

D.Amiable(溫和的).

【答案】B

【解析】M:Katewastheonlyonebraveenoughtospeakhermindatthemeetingtoday.

W:Yeah,alotofpeoplefeltthesameway,butweretooscaredtosayanything.Shejustvoicedtheaspirationofthem.

Q:WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeKate?

【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)對(duì)話可知，Kate敢于在會(huì)議上表達(dá)自己的想法，很多人也想如此，但因害怕沉默不語。故選B。

9.單選題

Inspite___theyworkeddayandnightontheproject,theyfailedtofindoutthemechanismofthedisease.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.that

B.thefactthat

C.ofthefactthat

D.ofwhat

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配和從句。inspite通常和of搭配，表示“盡管；不管，不顧”，排除A選項(xiàng)，B選項(xiàng)；D選項(xiàng)代入到原文后，whattheyworkeddayandnightontheproject，無法得知他們夜以繼日地為這個(gè)項(xiàng)目工作的具體內(nèi)容到底是什么，theyworkeddayandnightontheproject應(yīng)是一個(gè)既定事實(shí)，句意：盡管他們夜以繼日地致力于這個(gè)項(xiàng)目，他們還是沒能找出這種疾病的發(fā)病機(jī)制。因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

10.單選題

Whenitcomestotheslowingeconomy,EllenSperoisn’tbitinghernailsjustyet.Butthe47-year-oldmanicuristisn’tcutting,fillingorpolishingasmanynailsasshe’dliketo,either.Mostofherclientsspend$12to$50weekly,butlastmonthtwolongtimecustomerssuddenlystoppedshowingup.Speroblamesthesofteningeconomy.“I’magoodeconomicindicator,”shesays.“Iprovideaservicethatpeoplecandowithoutwhenthey’reconcernedaboutsavingsomedollars.”SoSperoisdownscaling,shoppingatmiddle-browDillard’sdepartmentstorenearhersuburbanClevelandhome,insteadofNeimanMarcus.“Idon’tknowifotherclientsaregoingtoabandonme,too”,shesays.

EvenbeforeAlanGreenspan’sadmissionthatAmerica’sred-hoteconomyiscooling,lotsofworkingfolkshadalreadyseensignsoftheslowdownthemselves.FromcardealershipstoGapoutlets,saleshavebeenlaggingformonthsasshopperstempertheirspending.Forretailers,wholastyeartookin24percentoftheirrevenuebetweenThanksgivingandChristmas,thecautiousapproachiscomingatacrucialtime.Already,expelssay,holidaysalesareoff7percentfromlastyear’space.Butdon’tsoundanyalarmsjustyet.Consumersseemonlyconcerned,notpanicked,andmanysaytheyremainoptimisticabouttheeconomy’slong-termprospects,evenastheydosomemodestbelt-tightening.

Consumerssaythey’renotindespairbecause,despitethedreadfulheadlines,theirownfortunesstillfeelprettygood.Homepricesareholdingsteadyinmostregions.InManhattan,“there’sanewgoldrushhappeninginthe$4millionto$10millionrange,predominantlyfedbyWallStreetbonuses,”saysbrokerBarbaraCorcoran.InSanFrancisco,pricesarestillrisingevenasfrenziedoverbiddingquiets.“Insteadof20to30offers,nowmaybeyouonlygettwoorthree,”saysjohndeadly,aBayAreareal-estatebroke.Andmostfolksstillfeelprettycomfortableabouttheirabilitytofindandkeepajob.

Manyfolksseesilverliningstothisslowdown.Potentialhomebuyerswouldcheerforlowerinterestrates.Employerswouldn’tmindalittlefewerbubblesinthejobmarket.Manyconsumersseemtohavebeeninfluencedbystock-marketswings,whichinvestorsnowviewasanecessaryingredienttoasustainedboom.Dinersmightseeanupside,too.GettingatableatManhattan’shotnewAlainDucasserestaurantneedtobeimpossible.Notanymore.Forthat,Greenspan&Co.maystillbeworthtoasting.

1.By“EllenSperoisn’tbitinghernailsjustyet”(Line1,Paragraph1),theauthormeans______

2.Howdothepublicfeelaboutthecurrenteconomicsituation?

3.Whenmentioning“the$4millionto$10millionrange”(Line2-3,Paragraph3)theauthoristalkingabout______

4.Whycanmanypeoplesee“silverlinings”totheeconomicshowdown?

5.Towhichofthefollowingistheauthorlikelytoagree?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Sperocanhardlymaintainherbusiness.

B.Speroistoomuchengagedinherwork.

C.Sperohasgrownoutofherbadhabit.

D.Speroisnotinadesperatesituation.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Optimistic.

B.Confused.

C.Carefree.

D.Panicked.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.goldmarket.

B.realestate.

C.stockexchange.

D.ventureinvestment.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Theywouldbenefitincertainways.

B.Thestockmarketshowssignsofrecovery.

C.Suchaslowdownusuallyprecedesaboom.

D.Thepurchasingpowerwouldbeenhanced.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Anowboom,onthehorizon.

B.Tightenthebelt,thesingleremedy.

C.Cautionallright,panicnot.

D.Themoreventures,themorechances.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】1.【試題解析】語義推測(cè)題。題干意思是“通過說‘艾倫?斯佩羅還不至于咬手指’（第一段第一行），作者的意思是？”。根據(jù)本題題干直接定位到第一段第一、二句話Whenitcomestotheslowingeconomy,EllenSperoisn’tbitinghernailsjustyet.Butthe47-year-oldmanicuristisn’tcutting,fillingorpolishingasmanynailsasshe’dliketo,either（談到經(jīng)濟(jì)放緩，艾倫?斯佩羅還不至于咬手指。但這位47歲的美甲師也沒能隨心所欲地修剪、填充或打磨指甲），再結(jié)合后文可知，她不再去高檔商場(chǎng)而是去中檔商場(chǎng)了，所以可知這里是指斯佩羅的經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況還沒有到絕望的境地。A項(xiàng)“斯佩羅幾乎無法維持自己的生意”說法過于絕對(duì)，雖然遭受到經(jīng)濟(jì)放緩的影響，但是生意還是在繼續(xù)，只是沒有之前好了；B項(xiàng)“斯佩羅過分投入于自己的工作”說法沒有原文依據(jù)；C項(xiàng)“斯佩羅已經(jīng)戒掉了壞習(xí)慣”說法錯(cuò)誤，該處為習(xí)語理解。所以該題D項(xiàng)正確。

2.【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“公眾對(duì)當(dāng)前的經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢(shì)有何看法？”。根據(jù)本題關(guān)鍵詞“public”定位到第二段關(guān)鍵詞“Consumers”以及最后一句Consumersseemonlyconcerned,notpanicked,andmanysaytheyremainoptimisticabouttheeconomy’slong-termprospects,evenastheydosomemodestbelt-tightening（消費(fèi)者似乎只是擔(dān)心，并沒有驚慌失措，許多人說，他們對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的長期前景仍然樂觀，即使他們稍微勒緊褲腰帶）可知，公眾沒有感到恐慌，甚至還是保持樂觀的態(tài)度。B項(xiàng)“困惑的”；C選項(xiàng)“無憂無慮的”；C項(xiàng)“恐慌的”三個(gè)選項(xiàng)描述錯(cuò)誤。所以該題A項(xiàng)正確。

3.【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“當(dāng)提及‘400萬到1,000萬美元之間’（第三段第二、三行）時(shí)，作者在談?wù)?？”。根?jù)本題題干直接定位到第三段第三句InManhattan,“there’sanewgoldrushhappeninginthe$4millionto$10millionrange,predominantlyfedbyWallStreetbonuses,”saysbrokerBarbaraCorcoran（經(jīng)紀(jì)人芭芭拉?科克倫說，在曼哈頓，“由于華爾街獎(jiǎng)金豐厚，400萬至1000萬美元的黃金市場(chǎng)掀起了新一輪淘金熱”）再結(jié)合開頭一二句可知這里是指房價(jià)，所以這里是指掀起了投資房產(chǎn)的淘金熱。A項(xiàng)“黃金市場(chǎng)”說法不準(zhǔn)確，應(yīng)該是與房地產(chǎn)相關(guān)內(nèi)容；C選項(xiàng)“證券交易所”不符合本題題意；D項(xiàng)“風(fēng)險(xiǎn)投資”在本文沒有提及。所以該題B項(xiàng)正確。

4.【試題解析】判斷推理題。題干意思是“為什么許多人能夠在經(jīng)濟(jì)放緩中看到‘銀色的邊’？”。根據(jù)本題關(guān)鍵詞“silverlinings”定位到最后一段第二、三、四句Potentialhomebuyerswouldcheerforlowerinterestrates.Employerswouldn’tmindalittlefewerbubblesinthejobmarket.Manyconsumersseemtohavebeeninfluencedbystock-marketswings,whichinvestorsnowviewasanecessaryingredienttoasustainedboom（潛在的購房者會(huì)為較低的利率而歡呼。許多消費(fèi)者似乎受到了股市波動(dòng)的影響，投資者現(xiàn)在認(rèn)為股市波動(dòng)是持續(xù)繁榮的必要因素）可知經(jīng)濟(jì)放緩也是有好處的，他們可能以某些其他的方式受益。B項(xiàng)“股票市場(chǎng)顯現(xiàn)了復(fù)蘇的跡象”、C選項(xiàng)“經(jīng)濟(jì)繁榮之前通常會(huì)有這樣的滑坡”不符合本題題意、D項(xiàng)“購買力會(huì)增強(qiáng)”均在原文沒有體現(xiàn)。所以該題A項(xiàng)正確。

5.【試題解析】觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。題干意思是“以下說法作者有可能會(huì)同意哪一個(gè)？”根據(jù)最后一段第二、三、四句Potentialhomebuyerswouldcheerforlowerinterestrates.Employerswouldn’tmindalittlefewerbubblesinthejobmarket.Manyconsumersseemtohavebeeninfluencedbystock-marketswings,whichinvestorsnowviewasanecessaryingredienttoasustainedboom（潛在的購房者會(huì)為較低的利率而歡呼。許多消費(fèi)者似乎受到了股市波動(dòng)的影響，投資者現(xiàn)在認(rèn)為股市波動(dòng)是持續(xù)繁榮的必要因素）可知經(jīng)濟(jì)放緩也是有好處的，他們可能以某些其他的方式受益，且第三段提到的公眾的反應(yīng)也是保持樂觀的，所以作者的態(tài)度與C選項(xiàng)符合。A項(xiàng)“新的繁榮，即將出現(xiàn)”說法過于樂觀，沒有提到出現(xiàn)了新的繁榮；B選項(xiàng)“勒緊褲帶，別無它法”說法過于悲觀，文章只是提到公眾勒緊褲帶，但他們依然是樂觀的；C項(xiàng)“謹(jǐn)慎無礙，恐慌無需”；D項(xiàng)“風(fēng)險(xiǎn)越多，機(jī)會(huì)越多”在原文中沒有提及。所以該題C項(xiàng)正確。

11.翻譯題

Asthepaceoflifecontinuestoincreaseinmodernsociety,wearefastlosingtheartofrelaxation.Onceyouareinthehabitofrushingthroughlife,beingonthegofrommorningtillnight,itisveryhardtoslowdown.Butrelaxationisessentialforahealthymindandbody.Stressisanaturalpartofeverydaylifeandthereisnowaytoavoidit.Infact,itisnotthebadthingitisoftensupposedtobe.Acertainamountofstressisvitaltoprovideonewithmotivationandgivepurposetolife.Itisonlywhenthestressgetsoutofcontrolthatitcanleadtopoorperformanceandillhealth.Sincewecannotremovestressfromourlives,weneedtofindwaystodealwithitinordertostayhealthyinmindandbody.

【答案】隨著現(xiàn)代社會(huì)生活節(jié)奏的不斷加快，我們正在迅速失去放松的藝術(shù)。一旦你習(xí)慣了匆匆忙忙的生活，從早到晚忙個(gè)不停，就很難慢下來。但是放松對(duì)健康的身心是必不可少的。壓力是日常生活中無法避免的一部分。實(shí)際上，有壓力并不是人們習(xí)慣認(rèn)為的壞事。一定的壓力會(huì)給人的生活提供動(dòng)力，讓人有生活的目標(biāo)，所以是必不可少的。只有當(dāng)壓力失控時(shí)它才可能導(dǎo)致人們表現(xiàn)不佳，身體不好。既然我們?cè)谏钪袩o法擺脫壓力，我們就需要找到辦法來應(yīng)對(duì)它，才能在身體和心理上保持健康。

12.單選題

Butforhishelp,I（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.didnotsucceed

B.hadnotsucceeded

C.shouldnothavesucceeded

D.havenotsucceeded

【答案】C

【解析】考查虛擬語氣。Butfor表示“要不是”，引導(dǎo)含蓄虛擬語氣。A選項(xiàng)didnotsucceed過去時(shí)；B選項(xiàng)hadnotsucceeded過去完成時(shí)；C選項(xiàng)shouldnothavesucceeded表示“原本不應(yīng)該成功的，但卻成功了”，表示虛擬語氣；D選項(xiàng)havenotsucceeded現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，因此C項(xiàng)為正確選項(xiàng)。

13.單選題

Davidlikescountrylifeandhasdecidedto（

）farming.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.goinfor

B.gothroughwith

C.gobackon

D.goalongwith

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。goinfor意為“從事，喜歡”；gothroughwith意為“完成，把……進(jìn)行到底”；gobackon意為“違背，背棄”；goalongwith意為“贊同，接受，服從”。

句意：大衛(wèi)喜歡鄉(xiāng)村生活，并決定從事耕作。

14.單選題

Theyoungwomanwassobeautifulthatshe______everyotherwomanattheball.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.belittled

B.foiled

C.offset

D.eclipsed

【答案】D

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.belittled貶低；小看B.foiled挫敗；阻止

C.offset抵消；彌補(bǔ)D.eclipsed使失色；黯然失色

【考查點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)so…that可知，此處是結(jié)果狀語從句，根據(jù)前半句句意“那位年輕女子是如此漂亮”可推知，she______everyotherwoman是指“她令其他女子黯然失色”，故該題選擇D項(xiàng)符合句意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、C項(xiàng)都不符合句意。

【句意】那位年輕女子太漂亮了，使舞會(huì)上的其他婦女黯然失色。

15.單選題

Surprisinglyperhaps,thebiggest

healthriskfortouriststravellingabroadisactuallyroadtrafficaccidents.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.potential

B.theoretical

C.definite

D.alternative

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。potential“潛在的，可能的”；theoretical“理論的；理論上的”；definite“一定的，確切的”；alternative“供選擇的；選擇性的”。句意：也許令人驚訝的是，對(duì)出國旅游的游客來說，最大的潛在健康風(fēng)險(xiǎn)實(shí)際上是道路交通事故。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

16.單選題

Ingeneral，matterswhichlieentirelywithinstatebordersarethe（）concernofstategov-ernments.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.extinct

B.excluding

C.excessive

D.exclusive

【答案】D

【解析】形容詞辨析。句意:—般來說，國家邊境問題是政府（）關(guān)心的問題。

extinct滅絕的；excluding除…外，不包括;excessive過度的，過分的;exclusive獨(dú)有的，專一的。D項(xiàng)exclusive獨(dú)有的，專一的符合句意，在這里表示“專門的,特別的”。

17.單選題

Theaveragenumberofauthorsonscientificpapersissky-rocketing.That'spartlybecauselabsarebigger,problemsaremorecomplicated,andmoredifferentsubspecialtiesareneeded.Butit'salsobecauseU.S.governmentagencieshavestartedtopromote"teamscience".Asphysicsdevelopedinthepost-worldWarIera,federalfundsbuiltexpensivenationalfacilities,andtheseservedassurfacesonwhichcollaborationscouldcrystallizenaturally.

Yetmultipleauthorship-howevergooditmaybeinotherways-presentsproblemsforjournalsandfortheinstitutionsinwhichtheseauthorswork.Forthejournals,longlistsofauthorarehardtodealwithinthemselves.Butthoselonglistsgiverisetomoreseriousquestionswhensomethinggoeswrongwiththepaper.Ifthereisresearchmisconduct,howshouldtheliabilitybeallocatedamongtheauthors?Ifthereisanhonestmistakeinonepartoftheworkbutnotinothers,howshouldanevaluatoraimhisorherreview?

Variouspracticalorimpracticalsuggestionshaveemergedduringthelong-standingdebateonthisissue.Oneisthateachauthorshouldprovide,andthejournalshouldthenpublish,anaccountofthatauthor'sparticularcontributiontothework.Butadifferentviewoftheproblem,andperhapsofthesolution,comesaswegettouniversitycommitteeonappointmentsandpromotions,whichiswheretheauthorshiprubberreallymeetstheroad.Halfalifetimeofinvolvementwiththisprocesshastaughtmehowmuchauthorshipmatters.Ihavewatchedcommitteesattemptingtodecodesequencesofnames,agonizeoverwhetheramuch-citedpaperwasreallythecandidate'sworkoracoauthors,andsendbackrecommendationsaskingformorespecificityaboutthedivisionofresponsibility.

Problemsofthiskindchangetheargument,supportingthecaseforaskingauthorstodefinetheirownroles.Afterall,ifqualityjudgmentsaboutindividualsaretobemadeonthebasisoftheirpersonalcontributions,thenthejudgesbetterknowwhattheydid.Butifquestionsariseaboutthevalidityoftheworkasawhole,whetheraschallengestoitsconductorasevaluationsofitsinfluenceinthefield,ateamisateam,andthemembersshouldsharethecreditortheblame.

1.Accordingtothepassage,thereisatendencythatscientificpapers（）.

2.Oneoftheproblemswithmultipleauthorshipisthatitishard（）.

3.Accordingtothepassage,authorshipisimportantwhen（）.

4.Accordingtothepassage,whethermultipleauthorsofapapershouldbetakencollectivelyor

individuallydepends（）.

5.Thebesttitleforthepassagecanbe（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.aregettingmorecomplicated

B.aredealingwithbiggerproblems

C.aremoreofaproductofteamwork

D.arefocusingmoreonnaturalthanonsocialsciences

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.toallocatetheresponsibilityifthepapergoeswrong

B.todecideonhowmuchcontributioneachreviewerhasmade

C.toassigntherolesthatthedifferentauthorsaretoplay

D.tocorrespondwiththeauthorswhenthereadersfeeltheneedto

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.practicalorimpracticalsuggestionsoftheauthorsareconsidered

B.appointmentsandpromotionsoftheauthorsareinvolved

C.evaluatorsneedtoreviewthepublicationoftheauthors

D.thepublicationoftheauthorshasbecomemuch-cited

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.whetherjudgmentsaremadeaboutthepaperoritsauthors

B.whetheritisthecreditortheblamethattheauthorsneedtoshare

C.howmanyauthorsareinvolvedinthepaper

D.wherethepaperhasbeenpublished

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.WritingScientificPapers:PublishorPerish

B.CollaborationandResponsibilityinWritingScientificPapers

C.AdvantagesandDisadvantagesofTeamScience

D.MultipleAuthors,MultipleProblems

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。文章第一句指出了趨勢(shì):Theaveragenumberofauthorsonscientificpapersissky-rocketing(科學(xué)論文上發(fā)表論文的作者的平均數(shù)量急劇上升)。后面又指出:Butit'salsobecauseU.S.governmentagencieshavestartedtopromoteteamscience’(但是，這也是因?yàn)槊绹畽C(jī)構(gòu)已經(jīng)開始推動(dòng)‘團(tuán)隊(duì)科學(xué)’)。由此可知，C項(xiàng)“更多的是團(tuán)隊(duì)合作的產(chǎn)物”正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。第二段指出:Butthoselonglistsgiverisetomoreseriousquestionswhensomethinggoeswrongwiththepaper(但是，當(dāng)論文出現(xiàn)問題的時(shí)候，這些長名單會(huì)導(dǎo)致更嚴(yán)重的問題)。由此可知，多個(gè)作者共同執(zhí)筆，很難找出負(fù)責(zé)人，故選A項(xiàng)。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。第三段指出:...aswegettouniversitycommitteeonappointmentsandpromotions,whichiswheretheauthorshiprubberreallymeetstheroad(當(dāng)涉及作者的任命和晉升時(shí)，著作權(quán)就發(fā)揮作用了)，因此B項(xiàng)“涉及作者的任命和晉升”正確。

4.判斷推理題。最后一段給出了答案:Afterall,ifqualityjudgmentsaboutindividualsaretobemadeonthebasisoftheirpersonalcontributions,thenthejudgesbetterknowwhattheydid.Butifquestionsariseaboutthevalidityoftheworkasawhole,whetheraschallengestoitsconductorasevaluationsofitsinfluenceinthefield,ateamisateam,andthemembersshouldsharethecreditortheblame