考研考博-英語-安陽工學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解1

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-安陽工學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共120題)1.單選題

Themeetingwas（）overbythemayortodiscussthetaxraiseinthecity.

問題1選項

A.presumed

B.propelled

C.presided

D.pricked

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A項presume“相信，擅自行為”，B項propel“推進(jìn)，驅(qū)使”，C項preside“主持”，D項prick“戳，扎破”。根據(jù)空格前后的關(guān)鍵詞meeting（會議）和mayor（市長）可知，空格部分應(yīng)該表示“主持會議”。句意：會議由市長主持，討論該市的增稅問題。故該題選擇C項正確。

2.單選題

Archaeologyasaprofessionfacestwomajorproblems.First,itisthepoorestofthepoor.Onlypaltrysumsareavailableforexcavatingandevenlessisavailableforpublishingtheresultsandpreservingthesitesonceexcavated.Yetarchaeologistsdealwithpricelessobjectseveryday.Second,thereistheproblemofillegalexcavation,resultinginmuseum-qualitypiecesbeingsoldtothehighestbidder.

Iwouldliketomakeanoutrageoussuggestionthatwouldatonestrokeprovidefundsforarchaeologyandreducetheamountofillegaldigging.Iwouldproposethatscientificarcheologicalexpeditionsandgovernmentalauthoritiessellexcavatedartifactsontheopenmarket.Suchsaleswouldprovidesubstantialfundsfortheexcavationandpreservationofarchaeologicalsitesandthepublicationofresults.Atthesametime,theywouldbreaktheillegalexcavatorsgriponthemarket,therebydecreasingtheinducementtoengageinillegalactivities.Youmightobjectthatprofessionalsexcavatetoacquireknowledge,notmoney.Moreover,ancientartifactsarepartofourglobalculturalheritage,whichshouldbeavailableforalltoappreciate,notsoldtothehighestbidder.Iagree.Sellnothingthathasuniqueartisticmeritorscientificvalue.But,youmightreplyeverythingthatcomesoutofthegroundhasscientificvalue.Herewepartcompany.Theoretically,youmaybecorrectinclaimingthateveryartifacthaspotentialscientificvalue.Practically,youarewrong.

Irefertothethousandsofpotteryvesselsandancientlampsthatareessentiallyduplicatesofoneanother.InonesmallexcavationinCyprus,archaeologistsrecentlyuncovered2,000virtuallyindistinguishablesmalljugsinasinglecourtyard.Evenpreciousroyalsealimpressionsknownasmelekhhandleshavebeenfoundinabundance—morethan4,000examplessofar.

Thebasementofmuseumsaresimplynotlargeenoughtostoretheartifactsthatarelikelytobediscoveredinthefuture.Thereisnotenoughmoneyeventocataloguethefinds;asaresult,theycannotbefoundagainandbecomeasinaccessibleasiftheyhadneverbeendiscovered.

Indeed,withthehelpofacomputer,soldartifactscouldbemoreaccessiblethanarethepiecesstoredinbulgingmuseumbasements.Priortosale,eachcouldbephotographedandthelistofthepurchaserscouldbemaintainedonthecomputer.Apurchasercouldevenberequiredtoagreetoreturnthepieceifitshouldbecomeneededforscientificpurposes.

Itwouldbeunrealistictosuggestthatillegaldicingwouldstopifartifactsweresoldontheopenmarket.Butthedemandfortheclandestineproductwouldbesubstantiallyreduced.Whowouldwantanunmarkedpotwhenanotherwasavailablewhoseprovenancewasknown,andthatwasdatedstratigraphicallybytheprofessionalarchaeologistwhoexcavatedit?

1.Theprimarypurposeofthepassageistopropose（）.

2.Whichofthefollowingismentionedinthepassageasadisadvantageofstoringartifactsinmuseumbasements?

3.Theauthor’sargumentconcerningtheeffectoftheofficialsaleofduplicateartifactsonillegalexcavationisbasedonwhichofthefollowingassumptions?

4.Theauthoranticipateswhichofthefollowinginitialobjectionstotheadoptionofhisproposal?

5.Theauthorimpliesthatwhichofthefollowingwouldoccurifduplicateartifactsweresoldontheopenmarket?

I.Illegalexcavationwouldeventuallyceasecompletely.

II.Cypruswouldbecometheprimarysourceofmarketableduplicateartifacts.

III.Archaeologistswouldbeabletopublishtheresultsoftheirexcavationsmorefrequentlythantheycurrentlydo.

問題1選項

A.analternativetomuseumdisplayofartifacts

B.awaytocurbillegaldicingwhilebenefitingthearchaeologicalprofession

C.awaytodistinguishartifactswithscientificvaluefromthosethathavenosuchvalue

D.thegovernmentalregulationofarchaeologicalsites

問題2選項

A.Museumofficialsrarelyallowscholarsaccesstosuchartifacts.

B.Spacethatcouldbebetterusedfordisplayistakenupforstorage.

C.Artifactsdiscoveredinoneexcavationoftenbecomeseparatedfromeachother.

D.Suchartifacts’oftenremainuncataloguedandthuscannotbelocatedoncetheyareputinstorage.

問題3選項

A.Prospectivepurchaserswouldprefertobuyauthenticatedartifacts.

B.Thepriceofillegallyexcavatedartifactswouldrise.

C.Computerscouldbeusedtotracesoldartifacts.

D.Moneygainedfromsellingauthenticatedartifactscouldbeusedtoinvestigateandprosecuteillegalexcavators.

問題4選項

A.Museumofficialswillbecomeunwillingtostoreartifacts.

B.Anoversupplyofsalableartifactswillresultandthedemandforthemwillfall.

C.Artifactsthatwouldhavebeendisplayedinpublicplaceswillbesoldtoprivatecollectors.

D.Illegalexcavatorswillhaveanevenlargersupplyofartifactsforresale.

問題5選項

A.Ionly

B.IIIonly

C.IandIIIonly

D.IIandIIIonly

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】1.主旨大意題。由題干定位到文章第二段“Iwouldliketomakeanoutrageoussuggestionthatwouldatonestrokeprovidefundsforarchaeologyandreducetheamountofillegaldigging.（我想提出一個令人發(fā)指的建議，政府應(yīng)為考古學(xué)提供資金，并減少非法挖掘的數(shù)量。）”。A選項“博物館文物陳列的替代品”；B選項“在有益于考古行業(yè)的同時遏制非法挖掘的方法”；C選項“區(qū)分有科學(xué)價值和沒有科學(xué)價值的文物的方法”；D選項“政府對考古遺址的管制”。聯(lián)系全文可知B選項更符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。由題干可定位到文章第四段“Thereisnotenoughmoneyeventocataloguethefinds;asaresult,theycannotbefoundagainandbecomeasinaccessibleasiftheyhadneverbeendiscovered.（甚至沒有足夠的錢來整理這些發(fā)現(xiàn)；結(jié)果，它們再也找不到了，變得像從未被發(fā)現(xiàn)過一樣難以接近。）”。A選項“博物館官員很少允許學(xué)者接觸這些文物”；

B選項“占用了可以更好地用于展示的空間用于存儲”；C選項“在發(fā)掘中發(fā)現(xiàn)的文物往往彼此分離”；D選項“這類工件通常保持未編目狀態(tài)，因此一旦放入存儲中就無法定位”。因此D選項正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。由題干可定位到文章第二段“Iwouldproposethatscientificarcheologicalexpeditionsandgovernmentalauthoritiessellexcavatedartifactsontheopenmarket.Suchsaleswouldprovidesubstantialfundsfortheexcavationandpreservationofarchaeologicalsitesandthepublicationofresults.（我建議，科學(xué)的考古考察和政府當(dāng)局在公開市場上出售發(fā)掘出來的文物。這種銷售將為挖掘和保存考古遺址以及公布結(jié)果提供大量資金。）”。A選項“潛在購買者更愿意購買經(jīng)過認(rèn)證的文物”；B選項“非法挖掘文物的價格會上漲”；C選項“計算機(jī)可以用來追蹤出售的文物”；D選項“出售經(jīng)過鑒定的文物所得的錢可以用來調(diào)查和起訴非法挖掘者”。因此D選項正確。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。由題干可定位到文章最后一段“Butthedemandfortheclandestineproductwouldbesubstantiallyreduced.（但對這種秘密產(chǎn)品的需求將大大減少。）”由此可知復(fù)制的工件會供過于求，于是這些工件會大量涌現(xiàn)，最終會導(dǎo)致對這些暢銷品的需求下降。因此B選項正確。

5.判斷推理題。由題干可定位到文章第三段“InonesmallexcavationinCyprus,archaeologistsrecentlyuncovered2,000virtuallyindistinguishablesmalljugsinasinglecourtyard…（在塞浦路斯的一次小型發(fā)掘中，考古學(xué)家最近在一個院子里發(fā)現(xiàn)了2000個幾乎無法辨認(rèn)的小陶罐。）”，由此可推斷出塞浦路斯可能會成為復(fù)制品的主要市場來源。A選項“非法挖掘最終將完全停止”說法太過絕對化，文章并未提到完全終止。B選項“考古學(xué)家將能夠比現(xiàn)在更頻繁地公布他們的發(fā)掘成果”，如果復(fù)制工件合法化，考古學(xué)家會更愿意公開他們的挖掘成果。因此D選項正確。

3.單選題

Congressdelegateswaited___forthecongratulatorytelegramfromMoscowwhenthenewpartywasformed.

問題1選項

A.interms

B.inthelongrun

C.inview

D.invain

【答案】A

【解析】考查詞組。A選項interms“明確地；毫不含糊地；焦急地”；B選項inthelongrun“長遠(yuǎn)；終究”；C選項inview“在視野范圍內(nèi)；在考慮中的；作為目標(biāo)”；D選項invain“徒然；無效”。句意：當(dāng)新政黨成立時，國會代表們焦急地等待來自莫斯科的賀電。結(jié)合句意，判斷出選項A為正確答案。

4.單選題

Everyyear,asthepriceofgoodsrises,theinflationrefusesto（1）evenfromthehigheducationalinstitutions.

IntheUS,accordingtoa2005surveybytheCollegeBoard,（2）atstateuniversitiesrosebyanaverageof7.1percentannually,afterayearwheninflationgrewmuchless.Atprivateschoolsitwasup5.9percent.Thesurveywhich（3）morethan3,000collegesanduniversitiesdidnotprovideclearreasonsforthecontinuedincreases.Itdidsaythatthepriceofgoodsandservicesatuniversitieshaverisenrapidly.Someofthefastestgrowthhasbeeninemployeehealth（4）,andprofessionalsalaries.

Livingexpensesoncampushavealso（5）.AttheuniversityofSouthernCaliforniastudentdininghall,abuffetmealcost$5.50in2004.Butnowit’s$9.TheUSgovernmentoftenprovides（6）assistancetostudents’lunchinprimaryandhighschools,butthesefavorablepoliciesusuallydon’t（7）universities.

Somestudentssaidthefoodoncampusissometimesevenmoreexpensivethanthatatrestaurants（8）campus.Tocompensatetheriseintuitionandlivingexpenses,thefederalandstategovernments（9）universitiesandprivatesourceshaveprovided（10）forstudents.Ofallthefulltimeundergraduatesabout62percenthaveagrantcovering30-50percentoftheirtuition,accordingtotheCollegeBoard.

問題1選項

A.stayaway

B.standout

C.stepdown

D.setoff

問題2選項

A.fares

B.payment

C.charges

D.tuition

問題3選項

A.attended

B.covered

C.included

D.composed

問題4選項

A.welfares

B.advantages

C.benefits

D.goods

問題5選項

A.rolledup

B.goneup

C.satup

D.takenup

問題6選項

A.management

B.economic

C.policy

D.financial

問題7選項

A.applyto

B.suitfor

C.adjustto

D.gearfor

問題8選項

A.in

B.to

C.off

D.over

問題9選項

A.aswellas

B.thesameas

C.asfaras

D.suchas

問題10選項

A.grasps

B.grains

C.grounds

D.grants

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:B

第6題:D

第7題:A

第8題:C

第9題:A

第10題:D

【解析】第1題:考查詞組辨析。A項stayaway“遠(yuǎn)離”，B項standout“站出來，堅持到底”，C項stepdown“走下，逐步減低”，D項setoff“出發(fā)，動身”。根據(jù)句子Everyyear,asthepriceofgoodsrises,theinflationrefusesto（）evenfromthehigheducationalinstitutions中的from可知，stayawayfrom固定用法，表示“遠(yuǎn)離”。句意：每年，隨著商品價格的上漲，通貨膨脹甚至對高等教育機(jī)構(gòu)也產(chǎn)生了影響。故該題選A。

第2題:考查名詞辨析和上下文語義。A項fares“票價，車費”，B項payment“支付，付款”，C項charges“費用”，D項tuition“學(xué)費”。根據(jù)空格后的atstateuniversitiesrosebyanaverageof7.1percentannually（在州立大學(xué)，平均每年增長7.1%）可知，空格處表示“學(xué)費”。句意：根據(jù)美國大學(xué)理事會（CollegeBoard）2005年的一項調(diào)查，美國州立大學(xué)的學(xué)費平均每年上漲7.1%，而過去一年的通貨膨脹幅度要小得多。故該題選D。

第3題:考查動詞辨析。A項attend“參加”，B項cover“覆蓋，包括，涉及”，C項include“包括”，D項compose“構(gòu)成，寫作”。根據(jù)句子Thesurveywhich（）morethan3,000collegesanduniversitiesdidnotprovideclearreasonsforthecontinuedincreases可知，空格處填入“包括，覆蓋”，所以A、D項排除；而include指把某事物包括進(jìn)另一些大的事物，很明顯這里表示的不是包括進(jìn)來，所以只有B項符合。句意：這項涵蓋了3000多所高校的調(diào)查并沒有給出持續(xù)增長的明確原因。故該題選B。

第4題:考查名詞辨析和上下文語義。A項welfare“福利”，B項advantage“優(yōu)點”，C項benefit“利益，好處”，D項good“好處，善行”。根據(jù)句子Someofthefastestgrowthhasbeeninemployeehealth（）,andprofessionalsalaries可知，professionalsalaries和employeehealth（）都是in的賓語，所以推測空格部分表示為“員工健康福利”。句意：增長最快的是員工健康福利和崗位薪水。故該題選C。

第5題:考查詞組辨析和上下文語義。A項rollup“卷起，出現(xiàn)”，B項goup“增長，上升”，C項situp“熬夜，端坐”，D項takeup“拿起，開始從事”。上文提到因為通貨膨脹的影響，學(xué)校的各種費用都有所上漲，根據(jù)句子Livingexpensesoncampushavealso（）可知，空格也是表示“上升，上漲”。句意：學(xué)校的生活費用也增長了。故該題選B。

第6題:考查詞義辨析。A項management“管理”，B項economic“經(jīng)濟(jì)的，經(jīng)濟(jì)上的”，C項policy“政策，方針”，D項financial“金融的，財政的”。根據(jù)句子TheUSgovernmentoftenprovides（）assistancetostudents’lunchinprimaryandhighschools可知，空格部分應(yīng)該表示“學(xué)生的午餐資助”。句意：美國政府經(jīng)常為中小學(xué)生提供午餐資助。故該題選D。

第7題:考查詞組辨析。A項applyto“適用于”，B項suitfor“適合做”，C項adjustto“調(diào)節(jié)，調(diào)整以適應(yīng)”，D項gearfor“裝備……”。上文提到“美國政府經(jīng)常為中小學(xué)生提供午餐資助”，下文接著說到butthesefavorablepoliciesusuallydon’t（）universities可知，這一句表達(dá)的是“但是這些優(yōu)惠政策通常沒有提供給大學(xué)”。所以該題選A符合句意。

第8題:考查句子邏輯。A項in“在……里面”，B項to“對于”，C項off“不在，偏離”，D項over“在……上面，從……上方”。根據(jù)句子Somestudentssaidthefoodoncampusissometimesevenmoreexpensivethanthatatrestaurants（）campus可知，than表示比較，前面提到foodoncampus（校園里的食物），后面提到restaurants（）campus可知，空格處表示“校外”。句意：一些學(xué)生說，學(xué)校的食物有時甚至比校外餐館的更貴。故該題選C。

第9題:考查詞組辨析。A項aswellas“和……一樣，也”，B項thesameas“與……一致”，C項asfaras“至于，直到”，D項suchas“比如，諸如”。根據(jù)thefederalandstategovernments（）universitiesandprivatesources可知，federalandstategovernments（聯(lián)邦政府和州政府）與universitiesandprivatesources（大學(xué)和私立院校）是并列成分，所以空格處應(yīng)該是一個連詞性短語表并列，只有A項符合；故該題選A正確。

第10題:考查名詞辨析。A項grasp“理解，領(lǐng)會”，B項grain“糧食，顆?！保珻項ground“地面，戰(zhàn)場，根據(jù)”，D項grant“撥款，補助金”。前面提到Tocompensatetheriseintuitionandlivingexpenses（為了補償學(xué)費和生活費的上漲），可知，thefederalandstategovernmentsaswellasuniversitiesandprivatesourceshaveprovided（）forstudents一句中的空格部分表達(dá)的是“提供補助金”。句意：為了彌補學(xué)費和生活費的上漲，聯(lián)邦政府、州政府、大學(xué)和私立院校都為學(xué)生提供了助學(xué)金。故該題選D正確。

5.單選題

Televisionsenableustoseethingshappenalmostattheexactmoment（

）.

問題1選項

A.whichtheyarehappening

B.theyarehappening

C.whichtheyhappen

D.theyhavehappened

【答案】B

【解析】句意:電視使我們能夠看到事情發(fā)生的那一瞬間。

語法題?？疾槊~性從句。moment后接的是省略關(guān)系副詞when的定語從句，井且根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞attheexactmoment可知此處應(yīng)該用進(jìn)行吋態(tài)，故選B。

6.單選題

Thenewspapermustprovideforthereaderobjectivelyselectedfacts;Butinthesedaysofcomplexnewsitmustprovideinterpretation,themeaningofthefacts.

However,theopponentsofinterpretationinsistthatthewriterandtheeditorshouldconfinethemselves（1）the"facts":Thisinsistence

（2）twoquestions:Whatarethefacts?Arethebarefactsenough?

Astothefirstquestion,considerhowaso-called"factual"storycomesabout.Thereportercollects

（3）

fiftyfacts;outofthesefiftyhisspace（4）

beingnecessarilyrestricted,heselectsten

（5）

heconsidersmostimportant.ThisisJudgmentNumberOne.Thenheorhiseditordecideswhichofthesetenfactsshall

（6）

theleadofthepiece.(Thisisanimportantdecisionbecausemanyreadersdonot

（7）

eyondthefirstparagraph.)ThisisJudgmentNumberTwo.Thenthenighteditordetermineswhetherthearticleshallbepresentedonpageone,whereithasalargeimpact,

（8）

onpagetwenty-four,whereithaslittle.JudgmentNumberThree.

Thus,inthepresentationofaso-called"factual"or"objective"story,atleastthreejudgmentsareinvolved.Andtheyarejudgmentsnotatallunlike

（9）

involvedininterpretation,inwhichreporterandeditor,calling

（10）

theirresearchresources,theirgeneralbackground,andtheir"newsneutralism"arriveataconclusionastothesignificanceofthenews.

問題1選項

A.with

B.by

C.through

D.to

問題2選項

A.raises

B.rises

C.arises

D.rouses

問題3選項

A.speak

B.state

C.remark

D.say

問題4選項

A.agreement

B.assignment

C.allotment

D.arrangement

問題5選項

A.what

B.which

C.how

D.whether

問題6選項

A.determine

B.involve

C.constitute

D.organize

問題7選項

A.progress

B.prolong

C.prospect

D.proceed

問題8選項

A.rather

B.than

C.or

D.instead

問題9選項

A.that

B.this

C.these

D.those

問題10選項

A.up

B.off

C.upon

D.for

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:B

第6題:C

第7題:D

第8題:C

第9題:D

第10題:C

【解析】第1題:考查固定搭配。confinesb.to“將某人限定在…內(nèi)”，答案D

第2題:考查固定搭配。此空意為提出問題raisequestions，答案A

第3題:考查動詞辨析。say做副詞用，前后用逗號隔開，表示“大約、例如”，答案D

第4題:考查名詞辨析。agreement協(xié)議；arrangement安排；assignment分派指定的任務(wù)；allotment分配、配發(fā)。由上下文可知此空意為“分配”，答案C

第5題:考查連詞辨析。此處由which引導(dǎo)定語從句，答案B

第6題:考查動詞辨析。determine決定、下決心；involve包含、牽涉；constitute組成，構(gòu)成；organize組織。句意：編輯要從這十個事實選一個構(gòu)成總領(lǐng)。答案C

第7題:考查動詞辨析。progress進(jìn)步；prolong延長；prospect勘探；proceed繼續(xù)進(jìn)行。句意：讀者不會繼續(xù)再讀下一段。答案D

第8題:考查固定搭配。whether…or…“不管…還是…”

第9題:考查代詞辨析。those指代judgments

第10題:考查詞組辨析。callup征召…入伍；calloff取消；callupon號召，要求，拜訪；callfor要求、需要。句意：記者和編輯會結(jié)合調(diào)查資源、大環(huán)境背景和新聞中立性原則……答案C

7.單選題

Wehadintendedtotalkaboutwork,but（

）startedtotalkaboutfootball.

問題1選項

A.continuously

B.unwittingly

C.permanently

D.consistently

【答案】B

【解析】考察副詞詞義辨析。continuously“繼續(xù)地”；unwittingly“不知不覺地”；permanently“永久地”；consistently“一致地”。句意：我們原意是打算談?wù)摴ぷ鞯?，但是不知不覺就談到了足球。選項B符合題意。

8.單選題

I______withthanksthehelpofmycolleaguesinthepreparationofthisnewcolumn.

問題1選項

A.express

B.confess

C.verify

D.acknowledge

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A項express“表達(dá)”；B項confess“承認(rèn)、坦白”；C項verify“核實、查證”；D項acknowledge“承認(rèn)、答謝、報償”；句意：我感謝同事們在準(zhǔn)備這個新專欄時給予我的幫助。acknowledgewiththanksthehelpof“答謝……的幫助”；因此該題D項正確。

9.單選題

Theriverisalready（）itsbanksbecauseofexcessiverainfall;andthecityisthreatenedwithalikelyflood.

問題1選項

A.parallelto

B.levelto

C.flaton

D.flushwith

【答案】D

【解析】parallelto平行,

類似；level不與to搭配；flat也不與介詞on搭配；flushwith齊平,

同高。句意：由于雨水過多，河水已經(jīng)和堤岸齊平了，這座城市可能面臨洪水的威脅。選項D符合句意。

10.翻譯題

1.TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoChinese(5marks)

One-thirdoftheUSphysiciansareover65,andthatproportionisexpectedtorise.Asdoctorsinthebabyboomgenerationreach65,manyareunderincreasingfinancialpressuresthatmakethemreluctanttoretire.Manydoctors,ofcourse,retaintheirskillsandsharpnessofmindintotheir70sandbeyond.ButphysiciansarehardlyimmunetoParldnson’sdisease,strokeandotherillsofaging.Andsomeexpertswarnthattherearetoofewsafeguardstoprotectpatientsagainstthosewhoshouldnolongerbepracticing.“Myguessisthatpeoplethinkthereissomefail-safemechanismtoprotectthemfromincompetentphysicians”,Dr.Norcrosssaid.“Thereisnot.”

【答案】三分之一的美國醫(yī)生年齡在65歲以上，這一比例預(yù)計還會上升。隨著嬰兒潮一代的醫(yī)生年滿65歲，許多人面臨著越來越大的經(jīng)濟(jì)壓力，因此不愿退休。當(dāng)然，許多醫(yī)生在70多歲以后仍然保持著他們的技能和敏銳的頭腦。但是醫(yī)生很難對帕爾登森病、中風(fēng)和其他衰老疾病免疫。一些專家警告說，保護(hù)病人免受那些不應(yīng)該再執(zhí)業(yè)的人傷害的保障措施太少了。諾克羅斯博士說：“我的猜測是，人們認(rèn)為有某種故障安全機(jī)制可以保護(hù)他們免受不稱職的醫(yī)生的傷害。然而，實際上是沒有的?！?/p>

11.單選題

Inquiries（）theconditionofpatientsmaybemadepersonallyorbytelephone.

問題1選項

A.regarding

B.considering

C.following

D.relating

【答案】A

【解析】考查介詞辨析。A選項regarding“關(guān)于，至于”，B選項considering“考慮到，就...而言”，C選項following“意為下述，由于”，D選項relating“關(guān)聯(lián)，聯(lián)系”，句意：有關(guān)病人情況的詢問可親自或電話詢問。因此，A選項符合句意。

12.翻譯題

都市寸土千金，地價炒得越來越高，今后將更高。擁有一個小小花園的希望，對尋常之輩不啻一種奢望，一種夢想。

我想，其實誰都有一個小小的花園，這便是我們的內(nèi)心世界。人的智力需開發(fā)，人的內(nèi)心世界也是需要開發(fā)的，人和動物的區(qū)別，除了眾所周知的諸多方面，恐怕還在于人有內(nèi)心世界，心不過是人的一個重要臟器，而內(nèi)心世界是一種景觀，它是由外部世界不斷作用于內(nèi)心漸漸形成的，每個人都無比關(guān)注自己及至親至愛之人心臟的健損，以至于稍有微疾便惶惶不可終日。但并非每個人都關(guān)注自己及至親至愛人的內(nèi)心世界的陰晴。

【答案】參考譯文：

Urbanspaceishighlyratedandthepricekeepssoaring.Thehopeforasmallgardenisluxuryforthecommonpeople.

However,Ithinkeveryonehasasmallgardenwithinourminds.Ourintelligenceneeddevelopment,sodoourinnerworld.Thedifferencebetweenhumansandanimals,inadditiontothewell-knownaspects,liesinourinnerworlds.Thephysicallyheartisonlyanimportantorganofhumanbeings,whiletheinnerworldisakindoflandscape,whichisgraduallyformedbythecontinuousactionoftheouterforces.Everyoneisextremelyconcernedaboutthehealthoflovedone’sheart,sothataslightdiseasewillmakehimanxiousalldaylong.Butnoteveryonepaysattentiontotheinnerworldoftheirbeloved.

13.單選題

Thisisanillnessthatcanresultintotalblindness（）leftuntreated.

問題1選項

A.after

B.if

C.since

D.unless

【答案】B

【解析】考查條件狀語從句。if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句，如果從句和主句的主語一致，則從句中的主語和be動詞可以一同省略，此句省略了theillnessis。句意：這種疾病如果不加以治療，就會導(dǎo)致完全失明。因此B選項正確。

14.單選題

Theamountoftabloidinkspilledoverher24-yeardifferenceinagewithhernewboyfrienddoes（）her.

問題1選項

A.rankle

B.stirup

C.emaciate

D.whipup

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項rankle“使怨恨；使疼痛；使痛苦”；B選項stirup“激起；煽動；攪拌；喚起”；C選項emaciate“使消瘦；使衰弱；消瘦”；D選項whipup“激起；鞭打”。句意：小報上關(guān)于她和新男友之間24歲的年齡差距的報道讓她很惱火。本句表示“小道消息所報道的事情讓她惱火”，因此A選項正確。

15.單選題

Oneofthemostauthoritativevoicesspeakingtoustodayis,ofcourse,thevoiceoftheadvertisers.Itsstridentclamordominatesourlives.Itshoutsatusfromthetelevisionscreenandtheradioloudspeakers;wavestousfromeverypageofthenewspaper;plucksatoursleevesontheescalator;signalstousfromtheroadsidebillboardsalldayandlashesmessagestousincoloredlightsallnight.Ithasforcedonusawholenewconceptionofthesuccessfulmanasamannolessthan20%ofwhosemailconsistsofannouncementsofgiantcarpetsales.

AdvertisinghasbeenamongEngland’sbiggestgrowthindustriessincethewar,intermsoftheratioofmoneyearningstodemonstrableachievement.Whyallthefantasticexpenditure?

Perhapstheansweristhatadvertisingsavesthemanufacturersfromhavingtothinkaboutthecustomer.Atthestageofdesigninganddevelopingaproduct,thereisquiteenoughtothinkaboutwithoutworryingoverwhetheranybodywillwanttobuyit.Thedesignerisbusyenoughwithoutaddingcustomer-appealtoallhisotherproblemsofman-hoursandmachinetolerancesandstressfactors.Sotheyjustgoaheadandmakethethingandleaveittotheadvertisertofindelevenwaysofmakingitappealtopurchasersaftertheyhavefinishedit,bypretendingthatitconformstatusoratractsloveorsignifiesmanliness.Iftheadvertisingagencycandothisauthoritativelyenough,themanufacturerisinclover.

Othermanufacturersfindadvertisingsavesthemfromchangingtheirproduct.Andmanufacturershatechange.Theidealproductisonewhichgoesonunchangedforever.If，therefore,foronereasonoranother,somealternationseemscalledforastohowmuchbettertochangetheimage,thepacketorthepitchmadebytheproduct,ratherthangotoalltheinconvenienceofchangingtheproductitself.

Theadvertisingmanhastocombinethequalitiesofthethreemostauthoritativeprofessions:Church.Bar,andMedicine.Thegreatskillrequiredofourpriests,mosthighlydevelopedinmissionariesbutpresent,inall,istheskillofgettingpeopletobelieveinandcontributemoneytosomethingwhichcanneverbelogicallyproved.AttheBar，anessentialabilityisthatofpresentingthemostpersuasivecaseyoucantoajuryofordinarypeople,withemotionalappealsmasqueradingaslogicalexposition;acaseyoudonotnecessarilyhavetobelieveinyourself,justoneyouhavestudiouslyavoideddiscoveringtobefalse.AsforMedicine,anydoctorwillconfirmthatalargepartofhisjobisnotclinicaltreatmentbutfaithhealing.Hisapparentlyscientificapproachenableshispatientstobelievethatheknowsexactlywhatiswrongwiththemandexactlywhattheyneedtoputthemright,justasadvertisingdoes—“Rundown?Youneed...”“Noonewilldancewithyou?Alittleof...willmakeyoupopular”.

Advertisingmenusestatisticsratherlikeadrunkusesalamppost-forsupportratherthanillumination.Theywilldressanyoneupinawhitecoattoappearlikeanunimpeachableauthority,or,failingthat,theywillevenbyhappywiththeannouncement.“Asusedby90%oftheactorswhoplaydoctorsontelevision.”Theirengagingqualityisthattheyenjoyhavingtheirlatesttricksuncoveredalmostasmuchasanyoneelse.

1.Accordingtothepassage,modernadvertisingis“authoritative”becauseofthewayit（

）

2.Theformsofadvertisingmentionedinthefirstparagraphwouldhaveleastimpact（

）

3.Accordingtothepassage,customersareattractedtoaproductbecauseitappearsto（

）

4.TheadvertisingmanissaidtosharewiththeChurch,Bar,andMedicinetheabilityto（

）

5.Theadvertisers（

）.

問題1選項

A.influencesourimageofthekindofpersonweoughttobelike

B.interfereswiththeprivacyofhomelife

C.continuallyforcesusintobuyingthings

D.distractsusnomatterwhereweare

問題2選項

A.intherushhours

B.duringworkinghours

C.beforeworkinghours

D.afterworkinghours

問題3選項

A.haveasufficientlyattractivedesign

B.offergoodvalueformoneyspentonit

C.fulfillthemanufacturers’claims

D.satisfytheirpersonalneeds

問題4選項

A.convincepeopleofthetruth

B.winpeople’sconfidence

C.acceptpeople’sprejudices

D.exploitpeople’sfears

問題5選項

A.knowdeepdownwhattheywant

B.areinterestedinwhatisbeingdesigned

C.areindifferenttowhatisbeingadvertised

D.areuncriticalandeasilyinfluenced

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實。第一段:Itsstridentclamordominatesourlives...coloredlightsallnight,即D項(不管我們在哪里,廣告都會分散我們的注意力)。

2.歸納推理。第一段舉例講述的是廣告對我們?nèi)粘Ｐ蓍e時候的影響。題干問的是什么時候廣告對我們影響最小,因此推測B項(工作時間)正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實。第三段:Sotheyjustgoaheadandmakethethingandleaveittotheadvertisertofindelevenwaysofmakingitappealtopurchasersaftertheyhavefinishedit,bypretendingthatitconformstatusoratractsloveorsignifiesmanliness.由此推斷D項(滿足消費者個人需求)正確。

4.歸納推理。文章指出廣告人不得不結(jié)合三個最權(quán)威行業(yè)：教堂，酒吧和醫(yī)院。他們最大的本領(lǐng)就。是取得人們的信任。

5.判斷推理。從文章大意可以看出那些廣告客戶的目的十分明確。

16.案例題

BarbieDolls

Flashyclothes,theperfectboyfriend,aCorvette,Ferrari,fullsizeapartmentwithbeautifulfurnitureandaboat.She'sthewomanwhohaseverythingandeveryyearreceivesmore.Sinceherintroductionin1959,theBarbiedollmaybethemostinfluentialiconofAmericancultureinthelatetwentiethcentury.

（1）.Sheattractedlittlegirlsbecauseofheradult-likefeatures.Beforethis,childrenlookedattoyslikeYogiBear,HowdyDoody,andbabydollsforinspiration.Withthecreationof?Barbie,girlsnowhadanewtoytostimulatetheirimaginations.

Inthe1950smostwomenstayedathome,cooking,cleaningandcaringfortheirchildren;theydidn'tparadearoundintightlittleskirtsandhighheels.TheBarbiedollrepresentedindependenceandglamourshecouldsingsolosinthespotlightoneminuteandpilotanairplanethenext.ShewasexcitingandcompletelydifferentfromtheclingingBetsyWestsysandChattyCathysthatlittlegirlswereusedto.

InForeverBarbie:theUnauthorizedBiographyofaRealDoll,MG.LordtellsthestoryofBarbie'screators.RuthHandler,theyoungestoftensiblings（同胞）,workedasastenographerforParamountPicturesasayoungwoman.HerhusbandElliottdesignedlightfixturesandstudiedart.

（2）.TheHandlersbeganthefactoryintheirgaragebutquicklyexpandeduntiltheyhadhiredahundredworkerswhomadejewelryanddecorativeitems.WorldWarIIshortagesoflaborsoonputthemoutofbusiness.

Despitetheirfirstfailure,theHandlersdidn'tgiveupand,in1945,theyjoinedwithHaroldMatson,aformerworker,andtogetherthethreestarted"MattelCreations".Matson'slastnamealongwithElliot'swasfusedtogethertoformthenameMattel.

In1946,Matsonsoldouthisshare.TheHandlerswerenotdiscouraged,though,becauseoftheirstrongbeliefinfuturisticmaterialssuchasPlexiglas,Luciteandplastic.Theycontinued,lookingfortheperfectitemtomaketheircompanyasuccess.Littledidtheyknowthattheirpersistencewouldleadthemtoestablishamulti-millioncompanyinitiatedbytherevolutionaryBarbiedoll.

RuthHandlerfirstencounteredthemodelforBarbiein1955whilevacationinginSwitzerlandwithherfamily.TheLillidoll,acomiccharacterfromGermany,wasusuallyfoundintobaccostoresasathreedimensional（三維的）pinup（掛在墻上的照片,玩偶等）.Ruthbroughtbacktwodolls,oneforherdaughterBarbara,andoneforherself.

（3）.Handlerrecalls:"ThroughtheirplayBarbaraimaginedtheirlivesasadults.Theyusedthedollstoreflecttheadultworldaroundthem.Theywouldsitandcarryonconversations,makingthedollsrealpeople.Ithoughtifonlywecouldtakethisplaypatternandthreedimensionalizeit,wewouldhavesomethingveryspecial."

BarbiedebutedattheAmericanToyFairinNewYorkCityinthewinterof1959.Butinherunseasonableblack-and-whitestripedswimsuit,thedolldidnotimpresstoybuyers.EvenScars,Mattersbiggestcustomer,refusedtoputthesexydollontheirshelves.LordsaysitwasMattel'sadvertisingstrategyaimedatthechildrenthatfinallypavedthewayforBarbie'ssuccess.

The1950swasabigdecadeforchildculture.DisneylandhadopenedinJulyof1955,andWaltDisney'sMickeyMouseClubtelevisionserieswasahitforchildrenundertheage