高中英語Unit2Reading課件新人教版選修9

英語：Unit2Reading課件（新人教版選修9）英語：Unit2Reading課件（新人教版選修9）ReadingModule9Unit2SailingtheoceansReadingModule9Discuss1.Howdoyouthinkseamenfoundtheirwaybeforemodernaccuratemethodsofnavigationwereinvented?Keptclosetotheshore,usednaturesuchasthesun,wind,birds,tide,etc,tohelpthem,andusedsomeoftheinstrumentsincludingacompass,astrolabe,etc.Discuss1.Howdoyouthinksea2.Whichdoyouthinkwaseasiertoworkout:latitudeorlongitude?Latitude,becauseitwasusedtomeasurehowfaryouhadtraveledfromlandonastraightline.Itwasdiscoveredalongtimebeforelongitude.2.Whichdoyouthinkwaseasi3.Canyouidentifytheseearlynavigationalinstrumentsseamenusedandexplainhowtheyareused?1)compass(inancientChina)2)astrolabe3)sextant4)sea/nautical/marinechart3.Canyouidentifytheseearl4.Whichonesdoyouthinkarestillusedtoday?Seachartsarestillusedtoday.4.WhichonesdoyouthinkareComprehending1.Readthepassageandanswerthefollowingquestions.Whatistheuseofabearingcircle,astrolabe,quadrantorsextant?()Whatistheuseofacompass?()

A.Tosetthecourseoftheship B.TomeasurethepositionoftheshipC.Tomeasurethespeedoftheship D.TotellthetimeABComprehending1.Readthepassa2)Whyarespeedandtimeimportantinworkingoutthelongitudeofaship? Speedandtimeareimportantinfindingoutthelongitudeofashipbecausetheearthmovesfifteendegreeswestwardseveryhour.Ifyouknowyourdirection,speedandtime,youcanworkouttheapproximatelongitudeorchangeinyourpositioninrelationtothestars.2)Whyarespeedandtimeimpo3)Whyisthepositionofthesunandvariousstarsusefulforworkingoutlatitude?Thepositionofthesunandstarsareusefulforworkingoutlatitudebecausetheyarefixedpointsintheskyandtheirmovementsinrelationtotheeartharealreadyknown.Sotheycanbeusedtomeasureaship'sposition.3)Whyisthepositionofthe2.SupposeyouwereaseacaptainaimingtosailroundAfrica.Discussingroups:1)Whatskillswouldyouseekinyoursailors?2)Whatproblemswouldyouanticipateforthisjourney?2.Supposeyouwereaseacapt3.Readthepassageagainandusetheinformationtoanalysethenavigationalskills.3.ReadthepassageagainandUsingnature1.Tofindtheship’spositionatseaasailorusedtheNorthStarandthesun.2.Asailorknewthatlandwasnearbyifhesaw_________________________________

_______________________.3.Sailorsused________________________

________toincreasetheirspeed.freshseaweed,nestingbirdsreturninghomeintheeveningorfogseacurrentsortidesandwindsUsingnature1.Tofindtheshi4.Thereweretwomethodstofindlongitude:1)_______________________2)__________________________________

Usinginstrumentsmeasuringtimeandspeedcompassandcomplicatedmathematicaltables4.Thereweretwomethodstof1.Howdoyouthinkseamenfoundtheirwaybeforemodernaccuratemethodsofnavigationwereinvented?

在現(xiàn)代精確的導航法尚未發(fā)明之前,你認為航海員是怎樣探路的?ExplanationonP111.Howdoyouthinkseamenfou①這是一個“特殊疑問詞+doyouthink…”的雙重疑問句結構。除think以外believe，guess,suppose等詞也可以用于此結構。Whatdoyousupposehashappenedtohim?在Ithink／believe／guess／suppose/imagine等詞的句式中，如果從句有否定，否定詞應該前移，即否定轉移。Idon’tthinkhewillcome．Ithinkhewillnotcome．[正][誤]①這是一個“特殊疑問詞+doyouthink…”②inventvt．發(fā)明，創(chuàng)作；虛構，杜撰AlexanderGrahamBellinventedthetelephonein1876.1876年阿歷山大·格雷厄姆·貝爾發(fā)明了電話。Thewholestorywasinvented.整個故事是虛構的。

inventor

n．發(fā)明者，發(fā)明家，創(chuàng)造者

inventionn．發(fā)明，創(chuàng)造；發(fā)明物②inventvt．發(fā)明，創(chuàng)作；虛構，杜撰discover：invent：Gilbert___________electricity,butEdison_________theelectriclightbulb.Who_____________America?Who_____________thecomputer?客觀存在，被人發(fā)現(xiàn)客觀沒有，被人發(fā)明discoveredinventeddiscoveredinvented吉爾伯特發(fā)現(xiàn)了電，愛迪生發(fā)明了電燈。誰發(fā)現(xiàn)了美洲？誰發(fā)明了電腦？discover：客觀存在，被人發(fā)現(xiàn)客觀沒有，被人發(fā)明dis2.workout①tocalculateananswer,amount,price,orvalue計算②tothinkaboutsth.andmanagetounderstandit設法弄懂③tothinkcarefullyabouthowyouaregoingtodosth.andplanagoodwayofdoingit精心制定出，安排2.workouteg.⑴Seeifyoucanworkoutthisbillout.⑵Theplotissocomplicatedthatit’lltakeyouawhiletoworkitout.計算弄明白eg.計算弄明白⑶Ican’tworkoutGeoff;onedayhe’sfriendly,thenextdayheignoresmecompletely.⑷Ihaven’tworkedoutwho’sgongtolookafterthekidstonight.明白計劃⑶Ican’tworkoutGeoff;one3.latitude

Theangulardistancenorthorsouthoftheearth'sequator,measuredindegreesalongameridian,asonamaporglobe.緯度：地球赤道北或南的角距離，例如在地圖或地球儀上沿著子午線用度數(shù)測量e.g.Ourpositionislatitude40degreesnorth.我們的位置是北緯40度。3.latitude4.longitudeTheangulardistanceontheearth'ssurface,measuredeastorwestfromtheprimemeridianatGreenwich,England,tothemeridianpassingthroughaposition,expressedindegrees(orhours),minutes,andseconds.4.longitude經(jīng)線：地球表面的成角距離，從英國格林威治的本初子午線向東或向西至經(jīng)過某一點的子午線計量，以度（或小時）、分和秒表示。e.g.Ourpositionislongitude116degreeseast.我們的位置是東經(jīng)116度。經(jīng)線：地球表面的成角距離，從英國格林威治的本初子午線向東或向5.identify

vt.把…等同于;認出,鑒定,認為同一Iidentifiedthejacketatonce；itwasmybrother’s．Heidentifiesbeautywithgoodness．identifyoneselfwith

與……有聯(lián)系,支持Hepreferrednottoidentifyhimselfwiththatgroup.5.identifyidentificationn.

辨認,鑒定,證明,視為同一identityn.

同一性,身份,一致,特性,恒等式identitycard

身份證identification1.Wemaywellwonderhowseamenexploredtheoceansbeforelatitudeandlongitudemadeitpossibletoplotaship’spositiononamap.

在經(jīng)緯度未能繪出航船在地圖上的位置之前，我們很想知道航海員是怎樣在海上探險的。ReadingPage1

1.Wemaywellwonderhowseam①may/mightwell

很可能，極有可能

Theseareexcellentphotographsandwemaywellusetheminourmagazine.

這些是很不錯的照片，我們很有可能把它們用在我們的雜志上。

Youmightwellfindthatyou’llneedmorebytheweekend.

到周末你很可能會發(fā)現(xiàn)你需要更多東西。①may/mightwell很可能，極有可能②主語+think／feel／make／consider…+it+n.／adj.+for／ofsb.todo…其中it為形式賓語，for／of引出動詞不定式的邏輯主語。IthinkitimportantforhimtolearnEnglishwell．我認為學好英語對他很重要。IhavemadeitclearthatIobjecttotheplan.我已經(jīng)表明我反對這個計劃。②主語+think／feel／make／consider…2.Thevoyagesoftravelersbeforethe17thcenturyshowthattheywerenotatthemercyoftheseaeventhoughtheydidnothavemodernnavigationalaids.17世紀前的海上航行表明，即使沒有現(xiàn)代航海術的幫助，旅行者也沒有受大海的支配。2.Thevoyagesoftravelersbe①

voyage

n./vi.

航海,航行ThevoyagefromEnglandtoIndiausedtotakesixmonths.過去從英國航行到印度要六個月。

goon/make/takeaseavoyage去航海旅行voyagern.航行者,航海者①voyagen./vi.航海,航行trip

指休閑或因商的短途旅行journey

指從一地出發(fā)直達目的地的長途陸路旅行或旅程，不含回到原出發(fā)點之意。travel

常指到國外或某個遙遠的地方去，不強調具體目的地。指具體的旅行時常用復數(shù)，用單數(shù)一般表示旅行的抽象概念。trip,journey,travel,voyage,tourtrip指休閑或因商的短途旅行trip,journeyvoyage

強調較遠距離的水上或空中旅行或游歷。tour

指周游或巡回旅行，常常是訪問一系列地方后再回到原出發(fā)點。e.g.WewillhaveacomfortablevoyagetotheFarEastthroughair.我們乘飛機去遠東旅游將會非常舒適。voyage強調較遠距離的水上或空中旅行或游歷。e.gThejourneytotheseasidewilltakenotmorethantwodays.到海邊去旅行最多需要花費兩天時間。Iatoncebeganmakingpreparationsforatriphome.我馬上開始為回家做準備。ThejourneytotheseasidewilOurAmericanfriendsaremakingatourofShanghai.我們的美國朋友正在對上海進行巡回旅行。Hecamebackhomeafteryearsofforeigntravel.在多年的國外旅行后他回到了家。OurAmericanfriendsaremakin②atthemercyofwithoutanyprotectionagainst;helplessbefore任由…擺布；在…面前無助

Theywerelostatsea,atthemercyofwindandweather.

他們在海上迷失了方向,任憑風和天氣的擺布。

Idon’tliketobeatthemercyofsuchaman.

我不愿受這樣一個人的擺布。②atthemercyofhavemercyon/showmercyto對……表示憐憫Theterroristsshowednomercytothehostages.恐怖分子對人質殘酷無情。withoutmercy毫不留情地Themotherleftthedyingbabyinthehospitalwithoutmercy.那位母親狠心地把垂死的嬰兒丟棄在醫(yī)院。havemercyon/showmercytoIt’samercy(that)(口)幸運的是,幸虧(用于表示更遭的情況得以避免總算是幸運)It’samercytheaccidenthappenedsonearthehospital.幸虧事故發(fā)生在離醫(yī)院很近的地方。It’samercyshewasn’tseriouslyhurt.幸運的是她傷勢不重。It’samercy(that)(口)幸運的是,幸③eventhough=evenif

雖然,即使引導讓步狀語從句A.引導把握不大或假設的事情

Evenifweachievegreatsuccessinourwork,weshouldnotbeproud.

即使我們在工作上取得了巨大的勝利，也不能驕傲。③eventhough=evenifHewillhaveproblemsinfindingajobevenifhecanpasstheexam.

即便他能通過考試，以后找工作也成問題。

Theywouldn’tlosehearteveniftheyfailedtentimes.

即使他們失敗十次也不灰心喪氣。HewillhaveproblemsinfB.引出事實Eventhoughhewaslate,hewasnotcriticizedbytheteacher.他雖然遲到了，也沒有挨老師的批評。Icanstillremember,eventhoughitwassolongago.雖然這是很久以前的事，我還記得。B.引出事實3.alongside

prep.=bythesideof;sidebysidewith在……旁邊；與……并排adv.=along,near,at,ortotheside在……旁邊，近旁，沿著邊Heparkedhiscaralongsidethefence.他把車沿著圍墻停放。Acardrewupalongside.一輛汽車開上來并排而行。3.alongside4.minimum(min)

adj.

最小的,最低的

n.

最小值,最小化。其反義詞為maximum(max)

adj.

最高的,最多的,最大極限的n.

最大量,最大限度,極大4.minimum(min)

Theminimumrequirementsforthejobareadegreeandtwoyears’experience.

該工作的最低要求是要有學位和兩年的工作經(jīng)驗。

Youmustgetaminimumof40questionsrighttopasstheexamination.

你最少必須答對40道題才能通過考試。Theminimumrequirementsfo

keep/reducesth.toaminimum

將某物保持在/降低到最低限度

Theschoolmanagestokeepbullyingtoaminimum.

學校設法最低限度得減少恃強凌弱的行為。

Themaximumnumberofstudentsineachclassis58.

每個班學生人數(shù)的最高限額是58名。keep/reducesth.toaminim

Wemustmakemaximumuseoftheresourcesavailable.

我們必須最大限度地利用可得到的資源。

Temperaturewillreachamaximumof40℃here.

這兒的最高氣溫將達40攝氏度。Wemustmakemaximumuseof5.indicatevt.

指出,顯示,象征,預示,需要,簡要地說明Iaskedhimwheremysisterwasandheindicatedtheshopopposite.我問他姐姐在哪兒,他朝對面的商店指了一下。Iindicatedthathishelpwasnotwelcome.我表明他的幫助不受歡迎。5.indicatevt.6.closeadj.

①nearinspaceortime

空間上或時間上靠近的②likely可能的③careful小心的6.closeadj.closetodeath

離死亡不遠takeacloselookatsth.嚴密注意某物keepaclosewatch/eyeon仔細地看closetodeathTheychoseaspotclosetotheriverfortheirpicnic.他們選擇了一個離河不遠的地方進行野餐。Yourbirthdayisclosetomine.你的生日離我的生日相隔不長。Thetwocountriesareclosetosigningapeaceagreement.兩國即將簽署和平協(xié)議。Theychoseaspotclosetothe7.usedtodo表過去習慣化的動作或狀態(tài)be/become/getusedtodoing/n.習慣于(to為介詞)beusedtodo為被動語態(tài)，表示“被用來做某事”IusedtogoswimmingonSaturdaysbutnowIdon’t.7.usedtodoThecountrylifehewasusedto_____greatlysince1992.(2005山東)A.change B.haschangedC.changing D.havechangedI’mnotusedtogettingupsoearly.Clothisusedtomakeclothes.Thecountrylifehewasusedtusedtodo與would用法對比1.usedtodo表示過去的動作、狀態(tài),重在與現(xiàn)在情況的對比,不一定要有時間狀語。would只表示過去動作的重復,有明確的時間狀語。

IwouldgotoseemygrandfatheronSundaywhenhewasinthemiddleschool.

Iusedtoplaycardsalot,butnowIseldomplay.usedtodo與would用法對比2.表示過去的習慣,可互換。

Whenwewereveryyoung,weusedto/wouldgoskatingeverywinter.注:usedtodo的否定式:usedn’ttodo/didn’tusetodo(usedn’t也可寫作usen’t.)疑問式:Didyouusetodo…?/Usedyoutodo…?Didn’tyouusetodo…?/Usedn’tyoutodo…?2.表示過去的習慣,可互換。8.nowhereadv.無處,到處都無

該詞用于句首時，要用倒裝語序。Ihavenojobandnowheretolive.我沒工作，也沒地方住。NowherecouldIseehim.我哪兒也看不到他。8.nowhereadv.

Maybeyouhavebeentomanycountries,butnowhereelse_____suchabeautifulpalace.(2004遼寧)A.canyoufindB.youcouldfindC.youcanfindD.couldyoufindMaybeyouhavebeento9.offshore

adj./adv.向海面吹的,離岸的,海面上的,

海上/下作業(yè)的offshoreworkers

海上作業(yè)的工人offshorebank/company/investment境外銀行/公司/投資9.offshoreadj./adv.offshorewind/currentetc.從陸地吹向海面的風/離岸的潮流Thestormmovedoffshore.風暴離岸移動。Aboatmooredoffshore.船在近海下錨。offshorewind/currentetc.10.acceleratevi./vt.=to(causeto)movefaster

加速,促進Sheacceleratedhercarandpassedthebusinfront.她加快車速超過了前面的公共汽車。Thecarsuddenlyaccelerated.那輛車突然開始加速。10.acceleratevi./vt.1.secureadj.安全的,可靠的,放心的,無慮的v.

保護,使安全

Ourhouseissecurefromflood.

我們的房子沒有被淹的危險。

Somemeasuresareneededtosecurethebankfromaflood.

這道堤防需要采取一些措施,免得被洪水沖壞。Page21.securePage2securityn.安全，保安，保護SecuritywastightduringthePresident’svisit.總統(tǒng)來訪期間，保安工作十分嚴密。Forsecurityreasonsthevisitorsweresearched.為了安全起見，來賓受到了檢查。securityn.安全，保安，保護2.no/not/never…until…

直到……才Washisfatherverystrictwithhimwhenhewasatschool?Yes.Hehadneverpraisedhim_____hebecameoneofthetopstudentsinhisgrade.(03北京春) A.after B.unless C.until D.when2.no/not/never…until…Was3.

knot

n.(繩等的)結,(樹的)節(jié);船速,＝海里/小時

v.打結

Hetiedhisbeltwithaknot.

他把帶子打了個結。

Thewireistoostifftoknoteasily.

這根鐵絲太硬了,不容易打結。3.knot4.involvevt.

包括，使陷于,使參與，影響

Don’tinvolveotherpeopleinyourmistakes.

別把別人牽涉到你的錯誤中去。4.involvevt.Allthechildrenwereinvolvedintheschoolplay.

所有的孩子都參加了學校排練的戲劇。

Thematterisseriousbecauseitinvolvesyourreputation.

這件事很嚴重，因為它影響到你的聲譽。Allthechildrenwereinvolinvolve指必然包括的結果

include指包括屬于整體的部分

contain指包含在內或含有幾種成分

hold常指含有多少容量，可與contain互換involve,include,contain,holdinvolve指必然包括的結果involve,inTakingthejob_________livingabroad.接受這項工作就一定要住在國外。Theprice__________postagecharges.價格包括郵資在內。Beer___________alcohol.啤酒里含有酒精。Howmuchwaterdoesthepan_______?那盤子能盛多少水？involvesincludescontainsholdTakingthejob_________living5.nauticalmile

海里（合1.852公里）在航海和航空上應用的長度單位，按地球大圓一弧分長計，尤指國際和美國單位。5.nauticalmile6.magneticadj.磁的,有磁性的,有吸引力的

magnet

n.磁體,磁鐵

amagneticrecorder

磁錄音機6.magneticamagneticcompassbearing可分辨磁極方向的羅盤amagneticperson有魅力的人Theironhaslostitsmagneticforce.這鐵已失去磁力。amagneticcompassbearing7.directionn.方向;指導;趨勢(常用復數(shù))指示,用法,說明(書),收件人地址

Fulldirectionsinside.

內附詳細說明書。

inalldirections=ineverydirection

向四面八方7.directionn.方向;指導;趨勢followone’sdirections遵照某人的指示Inwhichdirectionareyougoing,northorsouth?你準備朝哪個方向走？向北還是向南？Thisteamisundermydirection.這個小隊由我指揮。followone’sdirections遵照某人8.randomn.

隨意,任意

adj.

任意的,隨便的,胡亂的

makearandomchoice

任意選擇

atrandom=aimlessly;withoutanyplan隨機，隨便8.randomn.隨意,任意Thetravelersattheairportweresearchedatrandom.（搜查人員對）機場上的旅客隨便選幾個人加以搜查。

Soileddisheswerepiledatrandom.

臟碟子亂七八糟地堆著。Thetravelersattheairpor9.awkwardadj.

難使用的,笨拙的,尷尬的;

棘手的,難處理的

anawkwardremark

令人窘迫的評論

Therewasanawkwardsilence,whennooneknewwhattosay.

當誰都不知道說什么時，出現(xiàn)了令人尷尬的沉默。9.awkwardadj.他很笨，總是丟東西。Heisawkward;hekeepsdroppingthings.Anawkwardsituationaroseduringthepeacetalks.在和平談判中出現(xiàn)了棘手的情況。他很笨，總是丟東西。Heisawkward;heke10.reference

n.提及,涉及,參考,參考書目,證明書(人),介紹信(人)Atthemeetingtheteachermadereferencestohisheroicdeeds.在會上老師提到了他的英雄事跡。Thesearereferencebooksforteachers.這些是教師參考書。10.referencen.refer

v.提到,涉及,查閱,咨詢Theteacheroftenrefersherpupilstothisdictionary.老師經(jīng)常讓她的學生查這本字典。Herpupilsoftenrefertothisdictionary.她的學會經(jīng)常查這本字典。Don’trefertoitagain.別再提那件事。referv.11.precise

adj.精確的,準確的

precision

n.精確(性),精密(度)Alawyerneedsaprecisemind.律師需要一絲不茍的精神。Acameraisaninstrumentofprecision.照相機是一種精密儀器。11.preciseadj.精確的,準確的12.simplifyvt.單一化,簡單化

simpleadj.簡單的

TheEnglishinthisstoryhasbeensimplifiedtomakeiteasiertounderstand.

這個故事里的英語被簡寫以便更容易理解。

Hisfatherlivedasimplelifeinthecountry.

他父親在農(nóng)村過著簡樸的生活。12.simplifyvt.單一化,簡單化13.portable

adj.

輕便的,手提(式)的,便攜式的

aportabletypewriter

提式打字機

aportablegenerator

便攜式發(fā)電機13.portableadj.14.shortcoming

n.

缺點,短處（常用復數(shù)）

Inspiteofallhershortcomings,sheisstillthebestteachertheschoolhas.

他盡管有些缺點，但仍然是該校最好的教師。14.shortcomingn.15.update

v.

使現(xiàn)代化,修正,校正,更新

n.

現(xiàn)代化,更新

updated

adj.

最新的，現(xiàn)代化的，適時的

anupdatedandrevisededition

最新修訂本15.update16.tendency

n.

趨向,傾向

We’venoticedagrowingtendencyforpeopletoworkathomeinsteadofinoffices.

我們注意到一種趨勢，越來越多的人在家里工作而不在辦公室里上班。16.tendencyn.趨向,傾向haveatendencytodosth.

傾向于做某事，往往會做某事

Jean’snicebutshehasatendencytotalktoomuch.

簡人倒不錯，就是往往太嘮叨。haveatendencytodosth.17.reliableadj.可靠的,可信賴的

rely

v.依賴,依靠,信賴,信任,依賴于

reliabilityn.可靠性

Shemayforgettocomesheisnotveryreliable.

她可能忘了來，她不太可信賴。17.reliableadj.可靠的,可信賴的LanguagepointsonP141.course

n.過程,經(jīng)過,進程,方針,路線,跑道,課程,一道菜

Tommademuchnoiseinthecourse

ofdiscussion.

在討論期間湯姆弄出了很大的響聲。LanguagepointsonP141.coursTheshipwasblownoffcourse.

那船被吹離了航向。

Wemadethreecourses:soup,meatandvegetables,andfruit.

我們有三道菜:湯,肉和蔬菜,還有水果。TheshipwasblownoffcourPhraseswith“course”incourseof

正在……過程中,在……期間induecourse=attheproperorrighttime在合適或正好的時間ofcourse①inthenaturalorexpectedorderofthings;naturally.按事物自然的或預期的順序;自然地Phraseswith“course”2.aim

n.目標,目的,瞄準v.

對...瞄準,打算Heaimedthegunattheenemyofficer.他用槍瞄準了敵軍官。Thehuntertookaimatawolf.獵手瞄準了一匹狼。②withoutanydoubt;certainly.無疑地；當然地2.aim②withoutanydoubt;cer3.bepreparedtodo

準備做某事（思想上準備好了）

preparetodo

準備做某事（強調動作）

Theyarepreparedtodoit.

（準備好或愿意）

Theyarepreparingtodoit.

（正在準備）3.bepreparedtodo

preparesth.

準備……

prepareforsth.

為……做準備

Theteacherispreparingthereviewingexercises,andthestudentsarepreparingforthefinalexamination.

老師正在準備復習用的練習,而學生們正在為期末考試做準備。preparesth.準備……4.justifyv.

證明……是正當?shù)模粸椤q護

Thecourseofeventsfullyjustifiesourviews.

事情的發(fā)展完全證明我們的意見是正確的。

Howcanyoujustifyyourrudeandfoolishbehavior?

你怎樣為你粗魯而愚蠢的行為辯護？4.justifyv.高中英語-Unit2-Reading課件-新人教版選修9英語：Unit2Reading課件（新人教版選修9）英語：Unit2Reading課件（新人教版選修9）ReadingModule9Unit2SailingtheoceansReadingModule9Discuss1.Howdoyouthinkseamenfoundtheirwaybeforemodernaccuratemethodsofnavigationwereinvented?Keptclosetotheshore,usednaturesuchasthesun,wind,birds,tide,etc,tohelpthem,andusedsomeoftheinstrumentsincludingacompass,astrolabe,etc.Discuss1.Howdoyouthinksea2.Whichdoyouthinkwaseasiertoworkout:latitudeorlongitude?Latitude,becauseitwasusedtomeasurehowfaryouhadtraveledfromlandonastraightline.Itwasdiscoveredalongtimebeforelongitude.2.Whichdoyouthinkwaseasi3.Canyouidentifytheseearlynavigationalinstrumentsseamenusedandexplainhowtheyareused?1)compass(inancientChina)2)astrolabe3)sextant4)sea/nautical/marinechart3.Canyouidentifytheseearl4.Whichonesdoyouthinkarestillusedtoday?Seachartsarestillusedtoday.4.WhichonesdoyouthinkareComprehending1.Readthepassageandanswerthefollowingquestions.Whatistheuseofabearingcircle,astrolabe,quadrantorsextant?()Whatistheuseofacompass?()

A.Tosetthecourseoftheship B.TomeasurethepositionoftheshipC.Tomeasurethespeedoftheship D.TotellthetimeABComprehending1.Readthepassa2)Whyarespeedandtimeimportantinworkingoutthelongitudeofaship? Speedandtimeareimportantinfindingoutthelongitudeofashipbecausetheearthmovesfifteendegreeswestwardseveryhour.Ifyouknowyourdirection,speedandtime,youcanworkouttheapproximatelongitudeorchangeinyourpositioninrelationtothestars.2)Whyarespeedandtimeimpo3)Whyisthepositionofthesunandvariousstarsusefulforworkingoutlatitude?Thepositionofthesunandstarsareusefulforworkingoutlatitudebecausetheyarefixedpointsintheskyandtheirmovementsinrelationtotheeartharealreadyknown.Sotheycanbeusedtomeasureaship'sposition.3)Whyisthepositionofthe2.SupposeyouwereaseacaptainaimingtosailroundAfrica.Discussingroups:1)Whatskillswouldyouseekinyoursailors?2)Whatproblemswouldyouanticipateforthisjourney?2.Supposeyouwereaseacapt3.Readthepassageagainandusetheinformationtoanalysethenavigationalskills.3.ReadthepassageagainandUsingnature1.Tofindtheship’spositionatseaasailorusedtheNorthStarandthesun.2.Asailorknewthatlandwasnearbyifhesaw_________________________________

_______________________.3.Sailorsused________________________

________toincreasetheirspeed.freshseaweed,nestingbirdsreturninghomeintheeveningorfogseacurrentsortidesandwindsUsingnature1.Tofindtheshi4.Thereweretwomethodstofindlongitude:1)_______________________2)__________________________________

Usinginstrumentsmeasuringtimeandspeedcompassandcomplicatedmathematicaltables4.Thereweretwomethodstof1.Howdoyouthinkseamenfoundtheirwaybeforemodernaccuratemethodsofnavigationwereinvented?

在現(xiàn)代精確的導航法尚未發(fā)明之前,你認為航海員是怎樣探路的?ExplanationonP111.Howdoyouthinkseamenfou①這是一個“特殊疑問詞+doyouthink…”的雙重疑問句結構。除think以外believe，guess,suppose等詞也可以用于此結構。Whatdoyousupposehashappenedtohim?在Ithink／believe／guess／suppose/imagine等詞的句式中，如果從句有否定，否定詞應該前移，即否定轉移。Idon’tthinkhewillcome．Ithinkhewillnotcome．[正][誤]①這是一個“特殊疑問詞+doyouthink…”②inventvt．發(fā)明，創(chuàng)作；虛構，杜撰AlexanderGrahamBellinventedthetelephonein1876.1876年阿歷山大·格雷厄姆·貝爾發(fā)明了電話。Thewholestorywasinvented.整個故事是虛構的。

inventor

n．發(fā)明者，發(fā)明家，創(chuàng)造者

inventionn．發(fā)明，創(chuàng)造；發(fā)明物②inventvt．發(fā)明，創(chuàng)作；虛構，杜撰discover：invent：Gilbert___________electricity,butEdison_________theelectriclightbulb.Who_____________America?Who_____________thecomputer?客觀存在，被人發(fā)現(xiàn)客觀沒有，被人發(fā)明discoveredinventeddiscoveredinvented吉爾伯特發(fā)現(xiàn)了電，愛迪生發(fā)明了電燈。誰發(fā)現(xiàn)了美洲？誰發(fā)明了電腦？discover：客觀存在，被人發(fā)現(xiàn)客觀沒有，被人發(fā)明dis2.workout①tocalculateananswer,amount,price,orvalue計算②tothinkaboutsth.andmanagetounderstandit設法弄懂③tothinkcarefullyabouthowyouaregoingtodosth.andplanagoodwayofdoingit精心制定出，安排2.workouteg.⑴Seeifyoucanworkoutthisbillout.⑵Theplotissocomplicatedthatit’lltakeyouawhiletoworkitout.計算弄明白eg.計算弄明白⑶Ican’tworkoutGeoff;onedayhe’sfriendly,thenextdayheignoresmecompletely.⑷Ihaven’tworkedoutwho’sgongtolookafterthekidstonight.明白計劃⑶Ican’tworkoutGeoff;one3.latitude

Theangulardistancenorthorsouthoftheearth'sequator,measuredindegreesalongameridian,asonamaporglobe.緯度：地球赤道北或南的角距離，例如在地圖或地球儀上沿著子午線用度數(shù)測量e.g.Ourpositionislatitude40degreesnorth.我們的位置是北緯40度。3.latitude4.longitudeTheangulardistanceontheearth'ssurface,measuredeastorwestfromtheprimemeridianatGreenwich,England,tothemeridianpassingthroughaposition,expressedindegrees(orhours),minutes,andseconds.4.longitude經(jīng)線：地球表面的成角距離，從英國格林威治的本初子午線向東或向西至經(jīng)過某一點的子午線計量，以度（或小時）、分和秒表示。e.g.Ourpositionislongitude116degreeseast.我們的位置是東經(jīng)116度。經(jīng)線：地球表面的成角距離，從英國格林威治的本初子午線向東或向5.identify

vt.把…等同于;認出,鑒定,認為同一Iidentifiedthejacketatonce；itwasmybrother’s．Heidentifiesbeautywithgoodness．identifyoneselfwith

與……有聯(lián)系,支持Hepreferrednottoidentifyhimselfwiththatgroup.5.identifyidentificationn.

辨認,鑒定,證明,視為同一identityn.

同一性,身份,一致,特性,恒等式identitycard

身份證identification1.Wemaywellwonderhowseamenexploredtheoceansbeforelatitudeandlongitudemadeitpossibletoplotaship’spositiononamap.

在經(jīng)緯度未能繪出航船在地圖上的位置之前，我們很想知道航海員是怎樣在海上探險的。ReadingPage1

1.Wemaywellwonderhowseam①may/mightwell

很可能，極有可能

Theseareexcellentphotographsandwemaywellusetheminourmagazine.

這些是很不錯的照片，我們很有可能把它們用在我們的雜志上。

Youmightwellfindthatyou’llneedmorebytheweekend.

到周末你很可能會發(fā)現(xiàn)你需要更多東西。①may/mightwell很可能，極有可能②主語+think／feel／make／consider…+it+n.／adj.+for／ofsb.todo…其中it為形式賓語，for／of引出動詞不定式的邏輯主語。IthinkitimportantforhimtolearnEnglishwell．我認為學好英語對他很重要。IhavemadeitclearthatIobjecttotheplan.我已經(jīng)表明我反對這個計劃。②主語+think／feel／make／consider…2.Thevoyagesoftravelersbeforethe17thcenturyshowthattheywerenotatthemercyoftheseaeventhoughtheydidnothavemodernnavigationalaids.17世紀前的海上航行表明，即使沒有現(xiàn)代航海術的幫助，旅行者也沒有受大海的支配。2.Thevoyagesoftravelersbe①

voyage

n./vi.

航海,航行ThevoyagefromEnglandtoIndiausedtotakesixmonths.過去從英國航行到印度要六個月。

goon/make/takeaseavoyage去航海旅行voyagern.航行者,航海者①voyagen./vi.航海,航行trip

指休閑或因商的短途旅行journey

指從一地出發(fā)直達目的地的長途陸路旅行或旅程，不含回到原出發(fā)點之意。travel

常指到國外或某個遙遠的地方去，不強調具體目的地。指具體的旅行時常用復數(shù)，用單數(shù)一般表示旅行的抽象概念。trip,journey,travel,voyage,tourtrip指休閑或因商的短途旅行trip,journeyvoyage

強調較遠距離的水上或空中旅行或游歷。tour

指周游或巡回旅行，常常是訪問一系列地方后再回到原出發(fā)點。e.g.Wewillhaveacomfortabl