主謂一致語法總結(jié)

PAGEPAGE4/4主謂一致語法總結(jié)安順一中曹方平供稿一．就近原則：在notonly…butalso,not…but,neither…nor,either…or,therebe…句型中，謂語動(dòng)詞由相鄰的主語來確定。例：1.NotonlytheybutalsoIamgoingtocollectmoneyfortheHopeProject.2.EitheryouorJackisabouttotaketheplaceofthemanager.二．集合名詞做主語，指成員時(shí)，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)；指團(tuán)體，組織時(shí)，謂語用單數(shù)：如classteam,group,family,audience(聽眾),government,company,crowd,public,enemy,committee(委員會(huì))等。例：1.Theclassarebusyworkingontheexercisesatthemoment.2.Theteamwasanexcellentoneinthe25thOlympicGames.三．當(dāng)兩個(gè)名詞用with,togetherwith,aswellas,ratherthan,morethan,but,except,besides,alongwith,including,like等連接起來做主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞與前面的主語一致。例：1.Jackie,withhisparents,intendstosetoutforEuropeonbusinessnextweek.2.Theson,ratherthanhisparents,isresponsibleforthefireaccident.(對(duì)火災(zāi)事故負(fù)責(zé)的是兒子而不是父母)each,neither,either以及由every,any,no,some與one,body,thing構(gòu)成的不定代詞做主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。例：1.Eachofthegirlsisfondofpopmusicinherclass.2.Someoneisexpectingyouattheschoolgate.但none做主語時(shí)謂語用單復(fù)數(shù)都行。例：Noneofthemare/isinterestedinlocalmusic.另外：當(dāng)every,each,no做定語時(shí)，即使用and例：1.Eachstudentispreparingforthefinalexaminationnow.2.Everyboyandeverygirlisproudoftheresultoftheexperiment.3.Noteacherandnostudentisadmittedtoentertheplace.4.TheyeachhaveanEnglishdictionary.(此句中each做同位語，謂語由主語they確定)五.當(dāng)主語表示時(shí)間，重量，距離，價(jià)格時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。例：1.Fivehundreddollarsisquiteenoughforthereturnvoyage(返航)。2.Sevenkilometerswascoveredintwohours.但算式做主語時(shí)，謂語用單數(shù)，復(fù)數(shù)都可以。例：1.Fourtimesfiveis/aretwenty.(Fourtimesfivemake/makestwenty.)六．當(dāng)主語是一個(gè)從句，不定式或動(dòng)名詞時(shí)，謂語一般用單數(shù)。但由and或動(dòng)名詞時(shí)，動(dòng)詞則用復(fù)數(shù)，表示不同的兩件事。例：1.whetherhesucceedsorfailsdoesn'tconcernme.(他成功或失敗與我無關(guān))2.SwimmingintheYangtzeRiverneedsgreatcourage.Tosaysomethingisonething,todoitisanother.Toplaybasketballandtogoswimmingareofgreatuseforcharacter-training.另外：當(dāng)what,all(that)such.例：1.WhathewantsissomeadviceonhowtolearnEnglish,whilewhathelooksforwardtoaresomeEnglishdictionaries.2.Allthattheyaskforarevegetables,fruits,quiltsandclothes.3.SucharethethingsIoftendoinaday.4.SuchismybestfriendMary.七．當(dāng)一個(gè)復(fù)數(shù)名詞用做書名，人名，學(xué)科名或報(bào)刊名時(shí)，謂語用單數(shù)。例：1.Guiliver'sTravelsisanovelwrittenbyJonathanSwift.（格列佛游記）2.TheTimesisaveryhelpfulnewspaperforourstudies.（泰晤士報(bào)）八．定語從句的關(guān)系代詞在從句中充當(dāng)主語時(shí)，從句的謂語應(yīng)與先行詞保持一致。例：1.Sheistheonlyoneofthestudentswhohaspassedtheexamination.2.Theytoldussomethingaboutthehouseswhichwerebuiltinthe1540's/1540s.九．在強(qiáng)調(diào)句中，強(qiáng)調(diào)主語時(shí)，后面的動(dòng)詞還是由被強(qiáng)調(diào)的主語來確定。例：1.Iaminthesearchformymissinggoldring.其強(qiáng)調(diào)句為：ItisIwhoaminthesearchformymissinggoldring.十．幾種較為特殊的主語與謂語的一致。and與both…andand并列的兩個(gè)份。若后一個(gè)名詞前有冠詞，則表示兩個(gè)人，謂語則用復(fù)數(shù)。例：1.Theteacherandwriterisgivingtheboysaverywonderfullecture.2.Theteacherandthesingeraretalkinginthehall."the+形容詞/分詞therest要看它代表的東西來確定。例：1.Thewoundedarebeingdonefirstaidbesidetheroadnow.2..Shehastakensomeofthevegetables.Therestarestillonthetable.3.Hehaseatenupsomeofthecheese.Theresthasgonebad.4.TherestofthestorywaswonderfullymovingandIwasmovedtotearsmany修飾主語時(shí)，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)。但"manya…,morethanone+"（不，雖說具有復(fù)數(shù)意義，但謂語仍用單數(shù)。例：1.Manystudentshavemadethatmistakebefore.2.Manyastudenthasmadethatmistakebefore.3.Morethanonestudenthasmadethatmistakebefore.trousers,shoes,glasses,clothes,socks,glovesapairof,akindof等連用時(shí)，謂語用單數(shù)。例：1.Histrousersaretornintopiecesinthebikeaccident.2.Thispairoftrousersbelongstomysister.Minearebeingwashed.主謂一致專練 eitherheorIproudofthejob?Neitherhenoryou .A.Am,areB.Is,areC.Are,areD.Am,isAknifeandfork lyingonthefloor.A.wasseenB.wereseenC.seeD.seesThefactory,includingitsequipmentsandbuildings, burntlastnight.A.isB.areC.wasD.were4.I,who yourclosefriend,willshareyourjoysandsorrows(悲傷).A.wasB.areC.isD.amOver70percentofthepopulationinthisprovince farmers.isB.areC.hasD.haveSomeperson askingforyouattheentrancetothecinema.willbeB.isbeingC.isD.areTherestofthenovel verywonderfulandinstructive.A.wereB.areC.isD.seemEverymeans tried,butthereisnoabsoluteresultyet.A.havebeenB.hasbeenC.willbeD.wereWhatIwant aninterestingbookwhilewhatheexpects twocupsofcoffee.A.is,areB.are,isC.is,isD.are,are10.Ateacher,togetherwithfourstudents, senttohelpwiththisresearchthenextweek.A.wasB.hasC.wereD.areHelostoneofthebookswhich borrowedfromthelibraryyesterday.wereB.wasC.hadD.haveJack,aswellashisrelativesandfriends, apartyathomenow.arehavingB.ishaveC.isholdingD.areholdingThe26thOlympicGames heldsuccessfully.isB.willbeC.areD.wereAllbuttheonethataskedforleaveyesterday herejustnow.isB.wasC.hasbeenD.wereOneachsideoftheroad alotoftalltrees.standsB.isstandingC.growD.isgrowingThreehourswithyouroldfriends tobeashorttime.seemB.seemsC.isseemingD.hasseemedWhenandwheretobuildthenewfirstaidcenter yet.hasn'tbeendecidedB.doesn'tdecidedC.haven'tbeendecidedD.aren'tdec