閱讀理解專項突破 意圖、觀點和態(tài)度題學案-高考英語專題復習

高考英語閱讀理解專項突破——意圖、觀點和態(tài)度題Class:NO.Name:作者的某種觀點和態(tài)度有的直截了當，有的含而不露，有的通過所用詞語的褒貶來體現(xiàn)，有的則需要通讀全文，把握主旨才能領會。此類題可細分為作者態(tài)度題（表明作者的好惡）和作者觀點題（表明作者對某事物的觀點）。1.做題時千萬不要把自己的態(tài)度糅入其中。同時要區(qū)分是作者的態(tài)度還是作者引用他人的態(tài)度。2.作者的態(tài)度一般與文章主旨有很大關系。一般來說，對作者的總的態(tài)度和傾向，必須在通讀全文，掌握了主題思想和主要事實后，方能作出判斷。3.根據(jù)文章中與問題相關的細節(jié)作出判斷，根據(jù)作者提供的例證推斷其暗示的態(tài)度、觀點。4.當作者的態(tài)度沒有明確提出時，要學會根據(jù)作者的語言的褒貶去判斷作者的態(tài)度。在許多文體當中，如議論文、記敘文、說明文等，作者都會有自己的觀點、態(tài)度和感情，但是隱蔽得較深，不易察覺。有時候作者的語氣好像是在客觀地對某一事物進行描寫，然而總會有幾處地方，幾個關鍵性的詞流露出作者的態(tài)度、感情色彩。如wonderfully，successfully，unfortunately，doubtfully等。2020全國Ⅰ卷C，312詞，難度★★Racewalkingsharesmanyfitnessbenefitswithrunning,researchshows,whilemostlikelycontributingtofewerinjuries.Itdoes,however,haveitsownproblem.Racewalkersareconditionedathletes.ThelongesttrackandfieldeventattheSummerOlympicsisthe50-kilometerracewalk,whichisaboutfivemileslongerthanthemarathon.Butthesport’srulesrequirethataracewalker’skneesstaystraightthroughmostofthelegswingandonefootremainincontact(接觸)withthegroundatalltimes.“It’sthisstrangeformthatmakesracewalkingsuchanattractiveactivity,however,”saysJaclynNorberg,anassistantprofessorofexercisescienceatSalemStateUniversityinSalem,Mass.“Likerunning,racewalkingisphysicallydemanding,”shesays,“Accordingtomostcalculations,racewalkersmovingatapaceofsixmilesperhourwouldburnabout800calories(卡路里)perhour,whichisapproximatelytwiceasmanyastheywouldburnwalking,althoughfewerthanrunning,whichwouldprobablyburnabout1,000ormorecaloriesperhour.”“However,racewalkingdoesnotpoundthebodyasmuchasrunningdoes,”Dr.Norbergsays.Accordingtoherresearch,runnershitthegroundwithasmuchasfourtimestheirbodyweightperstep,whileracewalkers,whodonotleavetheground,createonlyabout1.4timestheirbodyweightwitheachstep.“Asaresult,”shesays,“someoftheinjuriesassociatedwithrunning,suchasrunner’sknee,areuncommonamongracewalkers.”Butthesport’sstrangeformdoesplaceconsiderablestressontheanklesandhips,sopeoplewithahistoryofsuchinjuriesmightwanttobecautiousinadoptingthesport.“Infact,anyonewishingtotryracewalkingshouldprobablyfirstconsultacoachorexperiencedracertolearnpropertechnique,”shesays.Ittakessomepractice.()1.Whyareracewalkersconditionedathletes?A.Theymustrunlongdistances.B.Theyarequalifiedforthemarathon.C.Theyhavetofollowspecialrules.D.Theyaregoodatswingingtheirlegs.()2.Whatadvantagedoesracewalkinghaveoverrunning?A.It’smorepopularattheOlympics.B.It’slesschallengingphysically.C.It’smoreeffectiveinbodybuilding.D.It’slesslikelytocausekneeinjuries.()3.WhatisDr.Norberg’ssuggestionforsomeonetryingracewalking?A.Gettingexperts’opinions.B.Havingamedicalcheckup.C.Hiringanexperiencedcoach.D.Doingregularexercises.()4.Whichwordbestdescribestheauthor’sattitudetoracewalking?A.Skeptical. B.Objective.C.Tolerant. D.Conservative.答案：C【從第二段第三句可知答案】根據(jù)文章第二段Butthesport’srulesrequirethat...atalltimes.可知，競走運動要求運動員大部分時候膝蓋要保持筆直，一只腳始終與地面接觸。由此可知，競走運動員需要遵守一些特殊的規(guī)則。故正確答案為C項。答案：D【從最后一段最后一句可知答案】根據(jù)文章最后一段第一句可知，競走相比較跑步對膝蓋造成的損傷較小。故正確答案為D項。答案：A【從最后一段倒數(shù)第二句可知答案】根據(jù)最后一段中Infact,anyonewishingtotry...learnpropertechnique可知，Dr.Norberg建議嘗試競走的人要向教練或有經(jīng)驗的競走者進行咨詢。故正確答案為A項。答案：B【解析】本文主要介紹了競走這項運動的優(yōu)點和不足，全文描述事實時多引用他人的觀點。由此可推測，作者對競走持客觀的態(tài)度。故正確答案為B項。練習Ifyouthinkofthejobsthatrobotscouldneverdo,youwouldprobablyputdoctorsandteachersontopofthelist.It’seasytoimaginerobotsandfactoryworkers.Butareweunderestimating(低估)whatrobotscando?Insomecases,theyalreadydobetterthandoctorsatdiagnosing(診斷)illness.Also,somepatientsmightfeelmorecomfortablesharingpersonalinformationwithamachinethanaperson.Couldtherebeaplaceforrobotsineducationafterall?BritisheducationexpertAnthonySeldomthinksso.Heevenhasadatefortherobottakeover(接管)oftheclassroom:2027.Heforecaststhatrobotswilldothemainjobofdisseminatingknowledgeandteacherswillbelikehelpers.Intelligentrobotswillreadstudents’faces,movementsandevenbrainsignals.Thentheywillpasstheinformationontoeachstudentinthewayheorshecanunderstand.However,it’snotapopularopinion.Mostpeoplethinkit’simpossiblethatrobotswillhavetheabilitytoreallyconnectwithhumanslikeanotherhumancan.Onethingiscertain,though.Arobotteacherisbetterthannoteacheratall.Insomepartsoftheworld,therearen’tenoughteachersand9%-16%ofchildrenundertheageof14don’tgotoschool.Thatproblemcouldbepartlysolvedbyrobotsbecausetheownerscanteachanywhere.Beingateacherisadifficultjobandteachersoftenfeeltiredfromtoomuchwork.Perhapsthequestionisnot“Willrobotsreplaceteachers?”but“Howcan’trobotshelpteachers?”Teachersspendalotoftimedoingnon-teachingwork,includingmorethan1houraweekmarkinghomework.Ifrobotscouldcutthetimeteachersspendmarkinghomeworkandwritingreports,teacherswouldhavemoretimeandenergyforthepartsofthejobthathumansshoulddo.()1.Whatdoestheauthormainlyintendtoshowinthefirstparagraph?A.Robotscandocreativework. B.Robotsworkbetterthanhumans.C.Robotswillreplacedoctorssoon. D.Robotscandomorejobsthanimagined.()2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“disseminating”inParagraph3probablymean?A.Storing. B.Spreading. C.Analyzing. D.Replacing.()3.Whichwordbestdescribesthepublic’sattitudetoAnthonySeldom’sforecast?A.Unacceptable. B.Uncreative. C.Unconcerned. D.Unchangeable.()4.What’sthemainideaofthetext?A.Whatrobotsareneverabletodo. B.Whattheweaknessesofrobotsare.C.Whetherrobotswillevolvebythemselves.D.Whetherrobotswillcompletelyreplacehumanteachers.【翻譯練習】請從文章中找到下面句子，并將其翻譯成中文。1.[P1]Butareweunderestimatingwhatrobotscando?______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2.[P3]Intelligentrobotswillread…andevenbrainsignals.Thentheywillpasstheinformation…h(huán)eorshecanunderstand.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3.[P4]However,it’snotapopularopinion.Mostpeoplethinkit’simpossible…likeanotherhumancan.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4.[P2]Couldtherebeaplaceforrobotsineducationafterall?______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【詞匯過關】請寫出下面英文單詞在文章中的中文意思。1.robot/?r??b?t/n.____________________2.imagine/??m?d??n/v.________________3.factory/?f?ktri/n.___________________4.case/ke?s/n._______________________5.personal/?p??s?nl/adj._______________6.machine/m???i?n/n._________________7.expert/?eksp??t/n.__________________8.forecast/?f??kɑ?st/v._________________9.intelligent/?n?tel?d??nt/adj._____________10.brain/bre?n/n.______________________11.signal/?s?ɡn?l/n.____________________12.opinion/??p?nj?n/n._________________13.conne