控壓鉆井設(shè)備哈里伯頓課件

ManagedPressureDrilling(MPD)TechnologyOverview控壓鉆井技術(shù)GeoBalanceTMMANAGEDPRESSUREDRILLINGSYSTEMFeb112009ManagedPressureDrilling(MPD)GePresentationOutlineMPDIntroduction

控壓鉆井技術(shù)介紹JobDesign

控壓作業(yè)MPDEquipment

控壓鉆井工具Communication

控壓鉆井團(tuán)隊(duì)RigSiteProcedures控壓鉆井操作程序Casehistories

控壓鉆井實(shí)例PresentationOutlineMPDIntrodImportanceofHSEIfitcan’tbedonesafely….Itwon’tbedoneImportanceofHSEIfitcan’tbGlobalWellOperatorIssues

Highlydeviatedwellconditions

BoreholestabilityproblemsWellcontrolwhiledrillingNarrowdrillingmarginsDepletedReservoirsRiskofsticking,expensivefishingjobsandsidetracksShallowflowwatersandsIntroductiontoMPDTechnology

控壓鉆井技術(shù)介紹GlobalWellOperatorIssuesHiAdvantagesofMPD

控壓鉆井技術(shù)應(yīng)用效應(yīng)ImprovedROPandreduceddrillingtime 改善鉆速和減少鉆井時(shí)間Improvedsuccesswithdrillingnarrowpressuremargins 鉆井狹窄壓力窗口Reducedwellborebreathing,influxesandlostcirculation

減少的井筒呼吸，成功應(yīng)付井侵和失返Improvereservoirproductivitybydecreasingamountofoverbalanced

保護(hù)油氣層不受破壞Improvedwellborequalitybyminimisingwellborecollapse

減少井口崩潰AdvantagesofMPD控壓鉆井技術(shù)應(yīng)用效應(yīng)Im“Adaptivedrillingprocessusedtopreciselycontroltheannularpressureprofilethroughoutthewellbore.Theobjectivesaretoascertainthedownholepressureenvironmentlimitsandtomanagetheannularhydraulicpressureprofileaccordingly”.(IADC)ManagedPressureDrillingDefinition“AdaptivedrillingprocessuseManagedPressureDrillingOperationsControllingpressureintheannulus控制井口壓力

NotanewconceptTechniquehasbeenusedfordecadesWhenusedwhiledrillingwithconventionallywithstandardequipmentWellcontrolevent井控情況下ControlBHPbyapplyingback-pressureatsurface通過(guò)地面加回壓控制井底壓力Closed-loop(BOPisclosed)閉環(huán)（防噴器關(guān)閉)Circulationisthroughachoke通過(guò)節(jié)流閥循環(huán)ManagedPressureDrillingOperGeneralComparisonofdrillingmethods鉆井方法對(duì)比GeneralComparisonofdrillingPassiveMPD

(hydrostaticmudweightalwaysaboveporepressure)被動(dòng)控壓鉆井（泥漿靜液柱壓力總是高于地層壓力）

MPDusedasasafetysystem控壓鉆井作為一種安全體系RotatingControlDevice(RCD)旋轉(zhuǎn)控制設(shè)備ManualChoke(RigChokeforUSlandwells)手動(dòng)節(jié)流設(shè)備（用于美國(guó)陸上井的節(jié)流設(shè)備）ActiveMPD

(hydrostaticmudweightslightlyaboveorsometimesbelowporepressure)主動(dòng)控壓（泥漿靜液柱稍高于或有時(shí)低于地層壓力）

MPDbeingusedto‘walktheline’

使用MPD“壓線走”E.g.narrowporepressuretofracpressurewindow

如地層壓力和破裂壓力之間的窗口很窄RCDwithchangeoutsystemlikeadditionalBOPs

增加旋轉(zhuǎn)控制設(shè)備Manualchokewithcontinuouscontrolorautomatedchokesystem手動(dòng)節(jié)流，連續(xù)控制或自動(dòng)節(jié)流系統(tǒng)BackpressurepumpsystemforconstantBHP

回壓補(bǔ)償泵，保持井底壓力不變MPDOperations

控壓作業(yè)PassiveMPD(hydrostaticmudw

Mud-capdrilling

(withunderoroverbalancedfluid)泥漿帽鉆井（欠或過(guò)平衡）Usuallyuseforfracturedlimestonesorgranites通常用于裂縫性灰?guī)r或花崗巖Drillingwithlostreturns失返鉆進(jìn)Mayhavepartiallevelinannulus環(huán)空有部分液面MPDOperations

控壓作業(yè)MPDOperations控壓作業(yè)控壓鉆井設(shè)備哈里伯頓課件

RCDPLCControlledDRILLINGCHOKEMANIFOLDDRILLCUTTINGSPROCESSINGMUDtoPITSMudPitsPUMPECDequaltoorslightlygreaterthanporepressureManagedPressureDrilling–BasicOverviewRCDPLCControlledDRILLCUTTIHydraulicsModelling–CirculatingatTD

水力參數(shù)模擬–

套管鞋處循環(huán)模擬HydraulicsModelling–CirculaMPDEquipment–MajorComponentsRCD旋轉(zhuǎn)控制頭Autochoke,ControlPanelandPLC自動(dòng)節(jié)流管匯,程序邏輯控制器系統(tǒng)BPP(Back-PressurePump)

回壓泵DataAcquisitionandControlSystem數(shù)據(jù)采集系統(tǒng)DrillstringFloatsandSubs(NRV’s)鉆柱止回閥PWD隨鉆測(cè)壓MPDEquipment–MajorComponen旋轉(zhuǎn)控制頭TheRCD5000?旋轉(zhuǎn)控制頭TheRCD5000?WhatareRCD’sRotatingControlDevicesareannularpressurecontroltoolsdesignedforstrippingtubularsindrillingapplications.RCD’scomplementtheRig’sBOPstack.RCD’sdonotreplaceBOPelements!WhatareRCD’sRotatingControlWhenShouldanRCDbeUsed?ThefollowingapplicationsareidealforRCDuse:ManagedPressureDrillingUnderbalancedApplicationsKickControlSevereLossCirculation(Loss/KickCycle)HighPressureWellsExplorationWellsWhenShouldanRCDbeUsed?TheLevel4AutochokeSkid自動(dòng)節(jié)流管匯

Level4AutochokeSkid自動(dòng)節(jié)流管匯AutochokeControlDisplay

AutochokeControlDisplayBackPressurePump回壓泵

BackPressurePump回壓泵PWD?DownholeEquipmentforMPD止回閥

NRVFloatSubs;Non-PortedFloats;Bleed-offtoolPWD?DownholeEquipmentforMPDMPDKickDetectionandControlEasytodetectsmallinflux更容易檢測(cè)小的井侵Increaseback-pressureimmediatelyandSTOPinflux能夠立即增加回壓,阻止井侵ContinuousdatafromPWD能夠通過(guò)PWD獲得連續(xù)的井內(nèi)數(shù)據(jù)AbletoaccuratelydetermineminimumBHPrequired能夠精確確定所需的最小井底壓力.Cancontinuedrillingorcirculatewhilepreparingheaviermud準(zhǔn)備重泥漿時(shí),能夠繼續(xù)鉆進(jìn)或循環(huán)MPDKickDetectionandControlMPDLossDetectionandControlEasytodetectsmallloss更容易檢測(cè)到微小漏失Decreaseback-pressureinstantlyandSTOPlosses能夠立即減少回壓，停止漏失ContinuousdatafromPWD

能夠從PWD中獲得連續(xù)的井內(nèi)數(shù)據(jù).AbletoaccuratelydeterminemaximumBHPpossible能夠精確確定最大可能的井底壓力Cancontinuedrillingorcirculatewhilepreparinglightermud,orLCMmud當(dāng)準(zhǔn)備低密度泥漿或者堵漏泥漿時(shí),能夠持續(xù)鉆進(jìn)或者保持循環(huán)Cankeepdroppingback-pressuretominimizelosses(withinoperationallimits)

能夠通過(guò)降低回壓,減少漏失(在操作范圍內(nèi))MPDLossDetectionandControlOnsiteMPDTeam&CommunicationsDrillSiteSupervisorRigCrewRigManager/ToolpusherMPDSupervisorDrillerMPD/DASEngineerPWDEngineerMPDOperatorsRCDSupervisorOnsiteMPDTeam&CommunicatioOperationalProcedures

操作程序Connection

接單根程序Tripping

起下鉆程序RCDSealingElementChangeOut

旋轉(zhuǎn)控制頭密封件更換程序NRVBleedOff

止回閥泄壓程序OperationalProcedures

操作程序CoContingencyProcedures

應(yīng)急程序

PluggedChoke節(jié)流閥和管線堵塞PluggedCoriolisMeter流量計(jì)堵塞NRVandDrillStringFailures止回閥或鉆柱失效EmergencyPressureTrapping緊急境況下加壓PowerFailure(buthaveindependentgenerators,withredundancy)動(dòng)力失效（控壓鉆井系統(tǒng)的動(dòng)力是由獨(dú)立的發(fā)電機(jī)提供的，失效情況基本不存在）Drillers’DogHouseGuides/emergencyinstructions司鉆房操作指南

DynamicMPDWellControl動(dòng)態(tài)井控SurfaceEquipmentFailure地面設(shè)備失效ContingencyProcedures

應(yīng)急程序PlGeoBalance:Optimized

CaseHistoryNorthAmerica

ChallengeTectonicallystressedformation,narrowcollapse/fracturepressurewindow,mudloss,stuckpipe.

SolutionResultsADTanalysisofevent,Rt-WellboreIntegrity,hydraulicsmanagementwithconstantbottomholepressurecontrol.Drilledtoreservoirwithnofurtherproblem.SetcasingandbeganUnderbalancedDrilling,sellingwhiledrilling.GeoBalance:Optimized

CaseHiGeoBalance:Sigma?Service

CaseHistoryMexicoChallengeSolutionResultsGeoBalanceSpecialtyDrillingFluiddesign,BottomHolePressurecontrolwithinagivenpressurewindow,Multi-phasedrillingfluidswithhydraulicsmanagement,SperryLWD/Directional.Abletoisolatedepletedformationsandreduceddaystodrill.Drilldepletedreservoirwith2ppgpressureswhileminimizingmudlosses,differentialstickingandreservoirdamage.GeoBalance:Sigma?Service

CasManagedPressureDrilling(MPD)TechnologyOverview控壓鉆井技術(shù)GeoBalanceTMMANAGEDPRESSUREDRILLINGSYSTEMFeb112009ManagedPressureDrilling(MPD)GePresentationOutlineMPDIntroduction

控壓鉆井技術(shù)介紹JobDesign

控壓作業(yè)MPDEquipment

控壓鉆井工具Communication

控壓鉆井團(tuán)隊(duì)RigSiteProcedures控壓鉆井操作程序Casehistories

控壓鉆井實(shí)例PresentationOutlineMPDIntrodImportanceofHSEIfitcan’tbedonesafely….Itwon’tbedoneImportanceofHSEIfitcan’tbGlobalWellOperatorIssues

Highlydeviatedwellconditions

BoreholestabilityproblemsWellcontrolwhiledrillingNarrowdrillingmarginsDepletedReservoirsRiskofsticking,expensivefishingjobsandsidetracksShallowflowwatersandsIntroductiontoMPDTechnology

控壓鉆井技術(shù)介紹GlobalWellOperatorIssuesHiAdvantagesofMPD

控壓鉆井技術(shù)應(yīng)用效應(yīng)ImprovedROPandreduceddrillingtime 改善鉆速和減少鉆井時(shí)間Improvedsuccesswithdrillingnarrowpressuremargins 鉆井狹窄壓力窗口Reducedwellborebreathing,influxesandlostcirculation

減少的井筒呼吸，成功應(yīng)付井侵和失返Improvereservoirproductivitybydecreasingamountofoverbalanced

保護(hù)油氣層不受破壞Improvedwellborequalitybyminimisingwellborecollapse

減少井口崩潰AdvantagesofMPD控壓鉆井技術(shù)應(yīng)用效應(yīng)Im“Adaptivedrillingprocessusedtopreciselycontroltheannularpressureprofilethroughoutthewellbore.Theobjectivesaretoascertainthedownholepressureenvironmentlimitsandtomanagetheannularhydraulicpressureprofileaccordingly”.(IADC)ManagedPressureDrillingDefinition“AdaptivedrillingprocessuseManagedPressureDrillingOperationsControllingpressureintheannulus控制井口壓力

NotanewconceptTechniquehasbeenusedfordecadesWhenusedwhiledrillingwithconventionallywithstandardequipmentWellcontrolevent井控情況下ControlBHPbyapplyingback-pressureatsurface通過(guò)地面加回壓控制井底壓力Closed-loop(BOPisclosed)閉環(huán)（防噴器關(guān)閉)Circulationisthroughachoke通過(guò)節(jié)流閥循環(huán)ManagedPressureDrillingOperGeneralComparisonofdrillingmethods鉆井方法對(duì)比GeneralComparisonofdrillingPassiveMPD

(hydrostaticmudweightalwaysaboveporepressure)被動(dòng)控壓鉆井（泥漿靜液柱壓力總是高于地層壓力）

MPDusedasasafetysystem控壓鉆井作為一種安全體系RotatingControlDevice(RCD)旋轉(zhuǎn)控制設(shè)備ManualChoke(RigChokeforUSlandwells)手動(dòng)節(jié)流設(shè)備（用于美國(guó)陸上井的節(jié)流設(shè)備）ActiveMPD

(hydrostaticmudweightslightlyaboveorsometimesbelowporepressure)主動(dòng)控壓（泥漿靜液柱稍高于或有時(shí)低于地層壓力）

MPDbeingusedto‘walktheline’

使用MPD“壓線走”E.g.narrowporepressuretofracpressurewindow

如地層壓力和破裂壓力之間的窗口很窄RCDwithchangeoutsystemlikeadditionalBOPs

增加旋轉(zhuǎn)控制設(shè)備Manualchokewithcontinuouscontrolorautomatedchokesystem手動(dòng)節(jié)流，連續(xù)控制或自動(dòng)節(jié)流系統(tǒng)BackpressurepumpsystemforconstantBHP

回壓補(bǔ)償泵，保持井底壓力不變MPDOperations

控壓作業(yè)PassiveMPD(hydrostaticmudw

Mud-capdrilling

(withunderoroverbalancedfluid)泥漿帽鉆井（欠或過(guò)平衡）Usuallyuseforfracturedlimestonesorgranites通常用于裂縫性灰?guī)r或花崗巖Drillingwithlostreturns失返鉆進(jìn)Mayhavepartiallevelinannulus環(huán)空有部分液面MPDOperations

控壓作業(yè)MPDOperations控壓作業(yè)控壓鉆井設(shè)備哈里伯頓課件

RCDPLCControlledDRILLINGCHOKEMANIFOLDDRILLCUTTINGSPROCESSINGMUDtoPITSMudPitsPUMPECDequaltoorslightlygreaterthanporepressureManagedPressureDrilling–BasicOverviewRCDPLCControlledDRILLCUTTIHydraulicsModelling–CirculatingatTD

水力參數(shù)模擬–

套管鞋處循環(huán)模擬HydraulicsModelling–CirculaMPDEquipment–MajorComponentsRCD旋轉(zhuǎn)控制頭Autochoke,ControlPanelandPLC自動(dòng)節(jié)流管匯,程序邏輯控制器系統(tǒng)BPP(Back-PressurePump)

回壓泵DataAcquisitionandControlSystem數(shù)據(jù)采集系統(tǒng)DrillstringFloatsandSubs(NRV’s)鉆柱止回閥PWD隨鉆測(cè)壓MPDEquipment–MajorComponen旋轉(zhuǎn)控制頭TheRCD5000?旋轉(zhuǎn)控制頭TheRCD5000?WhatareRCD’sRotatingControlDevicesareannularpressurecontroltoolsdesignedforstrippingtubularsindrillingapplications.RCD’scomplementtheRig’sBOPstack.RCD’sdonotreplaceBOPelements!WhatareRCD’sRotatingControlWhenShouldanRCDbeUsed?ThefollowingapplicationsareidealforRCDuse:ManagedPressureDrillingUnderbalancedApplicationsKickControlSevereLossCirculation(Loss/KickCycle)HighPressureWellsExplorationWellsWhenShouldanRCDbeUsed?TheLevel4AutochokeSkid自動(dòng)節(jié)流管匯

Level4AutochokeSkid自動(dòng)節(jié)流管匯AutochokeControlDisplay

AutochokeControlDisplayBackPressurePump回壓泵

BackPressurePump回壓泵PWD?DownholeEquipmentforMPD止回閥

NRVFloatSubs;Non-PortedFloats;Bleed-offtoolPWD?DownholeEquipmentforMPDMPDKickDetectionandControlEasytodetectsmallinflux更容易檢測(cè)小的井侵Increaseback-pressureimmediatelyandSTOPinflux能夠立即增加回壓,阻止井侵ContinuousdatafromPWD能夠通過(guò)PWD獲得連續(xù)的井內(nèi)數(shù)據(jù)AbletoaccuratelydetermineminimumBHPrequired能夠精確確定所需的最小井底壓力.Cancontinuedrillingorcirculatewhilepreparingheaviermud準(zhǔn)備重泥漿時(shí),能夠繼續(xù)鉆進(jìn)或循環(huán)MPDKickDetectionandControlMPDLossDetectionandControlEasytodetectsmallloss更容易檢測(cè)到微小漏失Decreaseback-pressureinstantlyandSTOPlosses能夠立即減少回壓，停止漏失ContinuousdatafromPWD

能夠從PWD中獲得連續(xù)的井內(nèi)數(shù)據(jù).AbletoaccuratelydeterminemaximumBHPpossible能夠精確確定最大可能的井底壓力Cancontinuedrillingorcirculatewhilepreparinglightermud,orLCMmud當(dāng)準(zhǔn)備低密度泥漿或者堵漏泥漿時(shí),能夠持續(xù)鉆進(jìn)或者保持循環(huán)Cankeepdroppingback-pressuretominimizelosses(withinoperationallimits)

能夠通過(guò)降低回壓,減少漏失(在操作范圍內(nèi))MPDLossDetectionandControlOnsiteMPDTeam&CommunicationsDrillSiteSupervisorRigCrewRigManager/ToolpusherMPDSupervisorDrillerMPD/DASEngineerPWDEngineerMPDOperatorsRCDSupervisorOnsiteMPDTeam&CommunicatioOperationalProcedures

操作程序Connection

接單根程序Tripping

起下鉆程序RCDSealingElementChangeOut

旋轉(zhuǎn)控制頭密封件更換程序NRVBle