2013年全國入學(xué)統(tǒng)一考試英語二試題及解析

2013年入學(xué)統(tǒng)一考試SectionIUseofReadthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword（s）foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDonANSWERSHEET1.（10points）Giventheadvantagesofelectronicmoney,youmightthinkthatwewouldmovequicklytothecashlesssocietyinwhichallpaymentsaremadeelectronically.1,atruecashlesssocietyisprobablynotaroundthecorner.Indeed,predictionsofsuchasocietyhavebeen2fortwodecadesbuthavenotyetcometofruition.Forexample,BusinessWeekpredictedin1975thaectronicmeansofpayment“wouldsoonrevolutionizethevery3ofmoneyitself,”onlyto4itselfseveralyearslater.Whyhasthemovementtoacashlesssocietybeenso5inAlthoughemoneymightbemoreconvenientandmaybemoreefficientthanapaymentssystembasedonpaper,severalfactorswork6thedisappearanceofthepapersystem.First,itisvery7tosetupthecomputer,cardreader,and municationsnetworksnecessarytomakeelectronicmoneythe8formofpayment.Second,papercheckshavetheadvantagethatthey9receipts,somethingthatmanyconsumersareunwillingto10.Third,theuseofpaperchecksgivesconsumersseveraldaysof“float”—ittakesseveraldays11acheckiscashedandfundsare12fromtheissuersaccount,whieansthatthewriterofthecheckcanearninterestonfundsintheme.13electronicpaymentsareimmediate,theyeliminatethefloatforconsumer.Fourth,electronicmeansofpaymentmay14securityandprivacyconcerns.Weoftenhearmediareportsthatanunauthorizedhackerhasbeenabletoaccessacomputerdatabaseandtoalterinformation15there.Thefactthatthisisnotan16occurrencemeansthatdishonest smightbeabletoaccessbankaccountsinelectronicpaymentssystemsand17fromsomeoneelsesaccounts.The18ofthistypeoffraudisnoeasytask,andanewfieldofcomputerscienceisdeveloto19securityissues.Afurtherconcernisthattheuseofelectronicmeansofpaymentleavesanelectronic20thatcontainsalargeamountofaldataonbuyinghabits.Thereareworriesthaternment,employers,andmarketersmightbeabletoaccessthesedata,therebyviolatingourprivacy.［A］［B］［C］［D］［A］［B］［C］［D］［A］［B］［C］［D］［A］［B］［C］［D］［A］［B］［C］［D］［A］［B］［C］［D］［A］［B］［C］［D］［A］［B］［C］［D］［A］［B］［C］［D］［A］give［B］take［C］bring［D］pass［A］［B］［C］［D］［A］［B］［C］［D］［A］［B］［C］［D］［A］［B］［C］ ［B］［C］［D］［A］［B］ ［D］［A］［B］［C］［D］［A］［B］［C］［D］［A］cope［B］fight［C］adapt［D］call［A］［B］［C］［D］SectionIIReadingPartAReadthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsaftereachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.（40points）Inanessayentitled“MakingItinAmerica,”theauthorAdamDavidsonrelatesajokefromcottoncountryaboutjusthowmuchamoderntextilemillhasbeenautomated:Theaveragemillhasonlytwoemployeestoday,“amanandadog.Themanistheretofeedthedog,andthedogistheretokeepthemanawayfromthemachines.”Davidsonsarticleisoneofanumberofpiecesthathaverecentlyappearedmakingthethatthereasonwehavesuchstubbornlyhighunemploymentanddecliningmiddleclass todayisalsobecauseoftheadvancesinbothglobalizationandtheinformationtechnologyrevolution,whicharemorerapidlythaneverreplacinglaborwithmachinesorforeignworker.Inthepast,workerswithaverageskills,ngaagejob，couldearnaagelifestyle.But,today,averageisofficiallyover.Beingaveragejustwontearnyouwhatitusedto.Itcantwhensomanymoreemployershavesomuoreaccesstosomuoreaboveaveragecheapforeignlabor,cheaprobotics,cheapsoftware,cheapautomationandcheapgenius.Therefore,everyoneneedstofindtheirextra—theiruniquevaluecontributionthatmakesthemstandoutinwhateveristheirfieldofYes,newtechnologyhasbeeneatingjobsforever,andalwayswill.Buttheresbeenanacceleration.AsDavidsonnotes,“Inthe10yearsendingin2009,［U.S.］factoriesshedworkerssofastthattheyerasedalmostallthegainsoftheprevious70years;roughlyoneoutofeverythreemanufacturingjobs—about6millionintotal—disappeared.”Therewillalwaysbechanged—newjobs,newproducts,newservices.ButtheonethingweknowforsureisthatwitheachadvanceinglobalizationandtheI.T.revolution,thebestjobswillrequireworkerstohavemoreandbettereducationtomakethemselvesaboveaverage.Inaworldwhereaverageisofficiallyover,therearemanythingsweneedtodotosupportemployment,butnothingwouldbemoreimportantthanpassingsomekindofG.I.Billforthe21stcenturythatensuresthateveryAmericanhasaccesstoposthighschooleducation.ThejokeinParagraph1isusedto［A］theimpactoftechnological［B］thealleviationofjob［C］theshrinkageoftextile［D］thedeclineofmiddle AccordingtoParagraph3,tobeasuccessfulemployee,onehas［A］workoncheap［B］askforamoderate［C］adopt age［D］contributesomethingThequotationinParagraph4explains［A］gainsoftechnologyhavebeen［B］jobopportunitiesaredisappearingatahigh［C］factoriesaremakingmuchlessmoneythan［D］newjobsandserviceshavebeenAccordingtotheauthor,toreduceunemployment,themostimportant［A］toacceleratetheI.T.［B］toensuremoreeducationfor［C］toadvanceeconomic［D］topassmorebillsinthe21stWhichofthefollowingwouldbethemostappropriatetitleforthe［A］NewLawTakes［B］TechnologyGoes［C］AverageIs［D］RecessionIsAcenturyago,theimmigrantsfromacrosstheAtlanticincludedsettlersandsojourners.AlongwiththemanyfolkslookingtomakeapermanenthomeintheUnitedStatescamethosewhohadnointentiontostay,andwhowouldmakesomemoneyandgohome.Between1908and1915,about7millionpeoplearrivedwhileabout2milliondeparted.AboutaquarterofallItalianimmigrants,forexample,eventuallyreturnedtoItalyforgood.Theyevenhadanaffectionatenickname,“uccellidipassaggio,”birdsofpassage.Today,wearemuorerigidaboutimmigrants.Wedivide ersintotwocategories:legalorillegal,goodorbad.WehailthemasAmericansinthemaking,orbrandthemasalienstobekickedout.Thatframeworkhascontributedmightilytoourbrokenimmigrationsystemandthelongpoliticalparalysisoverhowtofixit.Wedontneedmorecategories,butweneedtochangethewaywethinkaboutcategories.Weneedtolookbeyondstrictdefinitionsoflegalandillegal.Tostart,wecanrecognizethenewbirdsofpassage,thoselivingandthrivinginthegrayareas.Wemightthenbegintosolveourimmigrationchallenges.Croppickers,violinists,constructionworkers,entrepreneurs,engineers,homehealthcareaidesandphysicistsareamongtodaysbirdsofpassage.Theyareenergeticparticipantsinaglobaleconomydrivenbytheflowofwork,moneyandideas.Theyprefertocomeandgoasopportunitycallsthem.Theycanmanagetohaveajobinoneplaceandafamilyinanother.Withorwithoutpermission,theystraddlelaws,jurisdictionsandidentitieswithease.WeneedthemtoimaginetheUnitedStatesasaplacewheretheycanbeproductiveforawhilewithoutcommittingthemselvestostayingforever.Weneedthemtofeelthathomecanbebothhereandthereandthattheycanbelongtotwonationshonorably.modatingthisnewworldofpeopleinmotionwillrequirenewattitudesonbothsidesoftheimmigrationbattle.Lookingbeyondtheculturewarlogicofrightorwrongmeansopeningupthemiddlegroundandunderstandingthatmanagingimmigrationtodayrequiresmultiplepathsandmultiple es,includingsomethatarenoteasyto plishlegallyintheexisting“Birdsofpassage”referstothose［A］immigrateacrossthe［B］leavetheirhomecountriesfor［C］stayinaforeigncountry［D］findpermanentjobsItisimpliedinParagraph2thatthecurrentimmigrationsysteminthe［A］needsnewimmigrant［B］hasloosenedcontrolover［C］shouldbeadaptedtomeet［D］hasbeenfixedviapoliticalAccordingtotheauthor,todaysbirdsofpassage［A］financial［B］aglobal［C］opportunitiestogetregular［D］thefreedomtostayandTheauthorsuggeststhatthebirdsofpassagetodayshouldbe［A］asfaithful［B］witheconomic［C］withlegal［D］asmightyWhichisthebesttitleforthe［A］ComeandGo:Big［B］LivingandThriving:Great［C］LegalorIllegal:Big［D］WithorWithout:GreatScientistshavefoundthatalthoughwearepronetosnapoverreactions,ifwetakeamomentandthinkabouthowwearelikelytoreact,wecanreduceoreveneliminatethenegativeeffectsofourquick,hardwiredresponses.Snapdecisionscanbeimportantdefensemechanisms;ifwearejudgingwhethersomeoneisdangerous,ourbrainsandbodiesarehardwiredtoreactveryquickly,withinmilliseconds.Butweneedmoretimetoassessotherfactors.Toaccuraylwhethersomeoneissociable,studiesshow,weneedatleastaminute,preferablyfive.Ittakesawhiletojudgecomplexaspectsofality,likeneuroticism Butsnapdecisionsinreactiontorapidstimuliarentexclusivetotheinteralrealm.PsychologistsattheUniversityofTorontofoundthatviewingafastfoodlogoforjustafewmillisecondsprimesustoread20percentfaster,eventhoughreadinghaslittletodowitheating.Weunconsciouslyassociatefastfoodwithspeedandimpatienceandcarrythoseimpulsesintowhateverelsewereng.Subjectsexposedtofastfoodflashesalsotendtothinkamusicalpiecelaststoolong.Yetwecanreversesuchinfluences.Ifweknowwewilloverreacttoconsumerproductsorhousingoptionswhenweseeahappyface(onereasongoodsalesrepresentativesandrealestateagentsarealwayssmiling),wecantakeamomentbeforebuying.Ifweknowfemalejobscreenersaremorelikelytorejectattractivefemaleapplicants,wecanhelpscreenersunderstandtheirbiases—orhireoutsidescreeners.JohnGottman,themarriageexpert,explainsthatwequickly“thinslice”informationreliablyonlyafterwegroundsuchsnapreactionsin“thicksliced”longtermstudy.WhenDr.Gottmanreallywantstoassesswhetheracouplewillstaytogether,heinvitesthemtohisislandretreatforamuchlongerevaluation:twodays,nottwoseconds.Ourabilitytomuteourhardwiredreactionsbypausingiswhatdifferentiatesusfromanimals:dogcanthinkaboutthefutureonlyintermittentlyorforafewminutes.Buthistoricallywehavespentabout12percentofourdayscontemplatingthelongerterm.Althoughtechnologymightchangethewaywereact,ithasntchangedournature.Westillhavetheimaginativecapacitytoriseabovetemptationandreversethehighspeedtrend.Thetimeneededinmakingdecisions［A］varyaccordingtotheurgencyofthe［B］provethecomplexityofourbrain［C］dependontheimportanceofthe［D］predeterminetheaccuracyofourOurreactiontoafastfoodlogoshowsthatsnap［A］canbe［B］arenot［C］canbe［D］arenotToreversethenegativeinfluencesofsnapdecisions,we［A］trustourfirst［B］doaspeopleusually［C］thinkbeforewe［D］askforexpertJohnGottmansaysthatreliablesnapreactionarebased［A］critical［B］“thinsliced”［C］sensible［D］adequateTheauthorattitudetowardreversingthehigheedtrend［A］［B］［C］［D］Europeisnotagenderequalityheaven.Inparticular,thecorporateworkplacewillneverbe yfamilyiendlyuntilwomenarepartofseniormanagementdecisions,andEuropetopcorporate ernancepositionsremainoverwhelminglymale.Indeed,womenholdonly14percentofpositionsonEuropecorporats.TheEuropeUnionisnowconsideringlegislationtocompelcorporatstomaintainacertainproportionofwo pto60percent.Thisproposedmandatewasbornoffrustration.Lastyear,EuropeCommissionViceVivianeRedingissuedacalltovoluntaryaction.Redinginvitedcorporationstosignupforgenderbalancegoalof40percentfemaleboardmembership.Butherappealwasconsideredafailure:only24companiestookitup.Doweneedquotastoensurethatwomencancontinuetoclimbthecorporaadderfairlyastheybalanceworkandfamily? ally,Idontlikequotas,”Redingsaidrecently.“ButIlikewhatthequotasdo.”Quotasgetaction:they“openthewaytoequalityandtheybreakthroughtheglassceiling,”accordingtoReding,aresultseeninFranceandothercountrieswithlegallybindingprovisionsonplacingwomenintopbusinesspositions.IunderstandRedingsreluctance—andherfrustration.Idontlikequotaseither;theyruncountertomybeliefinmeritocracy,ernmentbythecapable.But,whenoneconsiderstheobstaclestoachievingthemeritocraticideal,itdoeslookasifafairerworldmustbetemporarilyAfterall,fourdecadesofevidencehasnowshownthatcorporationsinEuropeaswellastheUSareevadingthemeritocratichiringandpromotionofwomentotopposition—nomatterhowmuch“softpressure”isputuponthem.Whenwomendobreakthroughtothesummitofcorporatepower—as,forexample,SherySandbergrecentlydidat —theyattractmassiveattentionpreciselybecausetheyremaintheexceptiontotherule.Ifappropriatepubicpolicieswereinplacetohelpallwomen—whetherCEOsortheirchildrenscaregivers—andallfamilies,Sandbergwouldbenomorenewsworthythananyotherhighlycapable livinginamorejustsociety.IntheEuropeancorporateworkplace,［A］womentakethe［B］menhavethefinal［C］ ernanceis［D］seniormanagementisfamilyTheEuropeanUnionsintendedlegislation［A］areflectionofgender［B］areluctant［C］aresponsetoRedings［D］avoluntaryAccordingtoReding,quotasmayhelp［A］gettopbusiness［B］seethroughtheglass［C］balanceworkand［D］anticipaegalTheauthorsattitudetowardRedingsappealisone［A］［B］［C］［D］Womenenteringtop eheadlinesduetothelack［A］moresocial［B］massivemedia［C］suitablepublic［D］greater“softPartBYouaregoingtoreadalistofheadingsandatext.ChoosethemostsuitableheadingfromthelistAforeachnumberedparagraph(4145).MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.（10points）［A］Livelikea［B］Balanceyour［C］Shopkeepersareyour［D］Remembertotreat［E］Sticktowhatyou［F］Planningis［G］Wastenot,wantThehugelypopularblogtheSkintFoodiechronicleshowTonybalanceshisloveofgoodfoodwithlivingonbenefits.Afterbills,Tonyhas￡60aweektospend,￡40ofwhichgoesonfood,but10yearsagohewasearning￡130,000ayearworkingincorporatecommunicationsandeatingatLondonbestrestaurantsatleasttwiceaweek.Thenhismarriagefailed,hisburnedoutandhisdrinkingbecameserious.“Thecommunitymentalhealthteamsavedmylife.AndIfeltlikethatagain,toacertaindegree,whenpeoplerespondedtotheblogsowell.ItgavemethevalidationandconfidencethatIlost.Butitstilladayby aything.”Nowhelivinginacouncilflatandfieldingoffersfromliteraryagents.Hefeelingpositive,butcarryonblogging—notabouteatingascheaplyasyoucan—“therearesomanypeopleinamuchworsestate,withbarelyanymoneytospendonfood”—buteatingwellonabudget.Herehisadviceforeconomicalfoodies.Impulsivespendingisnanoption,soplanyour inadvance,shoplistsforyouringredientsintheirexactties.IhaveanExceltemplateforaweekofbreakfast,lunchanddinner.Stoplaughing:itsnotjustcosteffectivebuthelpsyoubalanceyourdiet.Itsalsoagoodideatoshopdailyinsteadofweekly,because,beinghuman,youllsometimeschangeyourmindaboutwhatyoufancy.Thisiswheresupermarketsandtheiranonymitycomeinhandy.Withthem,theresnotthesameembarrassmentaswhenbuyingonecarrotinalittlegreengrocer.Andifyouplanproperly,youllknowthatyouonlyneed,say,350gofshinofbeefandsixrashersofbacon,notwhateverweightisprepackedinthesupermarketchiller.Youmayproudlyclaimtoonlyhavefrozenpeasinthefreezer—thatsnotgoodenough.Mineisfilledwithleftovers,bread,stock,meatandfish.Planningaheadshouldeliminatewastage,butifyouhavesurplusvegetablesyoulldoavegetablesoup,andallfruitsthreateningto“gooff”willbecookedorjuiced.Everyonesaysthis,butitreallyisatoptipforfrugaleaters.Shopatbutchers,delisandfishsellersregularly,evenforsmallthings,andbesuperfriendly.Soonyoullfeelcomfortableaskingiftheyveanyknucklesofhamforsoupsandstews,orbeefbones,chickencarcassesandfishheadsforstockwhich,moreoftenthannot,theyllletyouhaveforfree.Youwontbeeatingoutalot,butsaveyourpenniesandonceeveryfewmonthstreatyourselftoasetlunchatagoodrestaurant—￡1.75aweekforthreemonthsgives￡21—morethanenoughforathreecourselunchatMichelinstarredArbutus.Itsthere—or￡12.99foralargepizzafromDominos:IknowwhichIdratherSectionIIITranslatethefollowingtextfromEnglishtoChinese.WriteyourtranslationonANSWERSHEET2.（15points）Icanpickadatefromthepast53yearsandknowinstantlywhereIwas,whathappenedinthenewsandeventhedayoftheweek.Ivebeenabletodothis,sinceIwas4.Ineverfeeloverwhelmedwiththeamountofinformationmybrainabsorbs.Mymindseemstobeabletocopeandtheinformationisstoredawayneatly.WhenIthinkofasadmemory,Idowhateverybodydoes—trytoputittooneside.Idontthinkitsharderformejustbecausemymemoryisclearer.Powerfulmemorydoesntmakemyemotionsanymoreacuteorvivid.IcanrecallthedaymygrandfatherdiedandthesadnessIfeltwhenwewenttothehospitalthedaybefore.IalsorememberthatthemusicalHairopenedonBroadwayonthesameday—theybothjustpopintomymindinthesameway.SectionIVPartSupposeyourclassistoholdacharitysaleforkidsinneedofhelp.WriteyourclassmatesantoinformthemaboutthedetailsencouragethemtoYoushouldwriteabout100wordsonANSWERSHEET2.Donotsignyourownnameatoftheletter.Use“LiMing”instead.Dontwriteyouraddress.（10points）PartWriteanessaybasedonthefollowingchart.Inyourwriting,youinterpretthechart,giveyourYoushouldwriteabout150words.（15【2013［答案］［考點］［解析］此類考題形式表明本題考查上下文之間存在的邏輯關(guān)系，理解上下文并［B］［C］Therefore意為“因此”［D］Otherwise意為“否則”，表對比。［答案］［考點］［解析］but可知，本句前后兩個分句存在轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。第二個分已經(jīng)進行（或存在）［D］around作表語，表示“在存在，在使用中”，符［答案］［考點］［解析］該句大意為《商業(yè)于1975年就電子支付“將很快徹底改變金錢的”。［A］power意為“力量，權(quán)利”［B］concept意為“理念，”［C］”［D］［答案］［考點］［解析］本句空格之前部分大意為：商業(yè)于1975年就說電子支付“將徹底改變金錢這一概念”，onlyto意為“卻；不料竟會”，表示結(jié)果出乎意料，itself指代商業(yè)，”［B］”［C］”［D］［答案］［考點］”［B”［D［答案］［考點］［解析］上一段最后提問“為什么無現(xiàn)金社會的到來如此緩慢”，本段將分析其原因；同時，althoughmightbemoreconvenientandmaybemoreefficient(便捷，高效)，空格所在主句與從句之間存在轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，意思是說幾個因素使得系統(tǒng)不會。空格之前的動詞work意為“起作用”；與［B］項構(gòu)成workagainst,意為“”［C］workwith,意為“與…………起作用”；與［D］workon，意為“從事……工作，對……起作用”，都不符合題意，［答案］［考點］［解析］空格所在句為支付“不會”的第一個原因，同時，空格中的形容詞是對tosetupthecomputer,cardreader,and municationsnetworks（安裝電腦、，［B］［C］意［D］項productive意為“多產(chǎn)的”，不符合句意。［答案］［考點］”［B］”［C］時的，臨時的”，與題意不符，排除［D］項dominant意為“的，處于支配地位的”，符［答案］［考點］［解析］空格所在句是電子貨幣不會取代紙質(zhì)貨幣的第二個原因，就是紙質(zhì)支票的一［B］”［D］［答案］［考點］［解析］somethingadvantage，即：紙質(zhì)支票［B］”［C］”［D］［答案］［考點］［解析］兌現(xiàn)，由此確定本題答案為［A］before。［注意］...time/times/number/amount/all...before…可視為固定句式，表示“多長時間/多［答案］［考點］［解析］空格所在部分與acheckiscashed（支票兌現(xiàn)）and連接，為并列關(guān)系，語義相近；同時空格中態(tài)動詞的主語為funds（。由此推斷空格中需要“提取，提”［B］”［C］released意為“釋放，發(fā)布”［D］withdrawn意為“取錢，提［答案］［考點］［解析］空格所在句子的上一句已經(jīng)說明一個事實：theuseofpaperchecksgives的）是theyeliminatethefloatfortheconsumer(排除了消費者的在途)的原因［A］項［B］［C］意為“因為，由于”［D］Though意為“然而”，表讓步關(guān)系。［答案］［考點］句內(nèi)語義理解與動詞詞［解析］electronicmeansofpayment（電子”［B］”［C］意為“引起；抬高；撫養(yǎng)”［D］ease意為“減輕，緩解”。［答案］［考點］句內(nèi)語義理解與動詞詞［解析］空格之前提到hacker（）能夠進入電腦數(shù)據(jù)庫，那么下一個動作就是修”［B］［D］［答案］［考點］［解析］上一段最后一句提到我們常常聽到進入電腦數(shù)據(jù)庫修改信息的事實，空”［B］意為“不自然的”［］項mon意為“不是普遍的”，符合題意［D］unclear意為“不［答案］［考點］［解析］空格中動詞與accessbankaccountsinelectronicpaymentssystems(進入電子支付系統(tǒng)的銀行賬戶)是并列謂語，其主語是dishonest ，”［C”［D［答案］［考點］［解析］thistypeoffraud（這種詐騙）指代上文進入銀行賬戶盜取他”［B］［C］”［D］［答案］［考點］［解析］and與上句連接，是并列關(guān)系，上句提到預(yù)防此類詐騙并非［B］”［D］［答案］［考點］［解析］空格所在句子了人們對電子支付的另一個擔(dān)憂：電子支付會留下電子形式的痕跡，其中包括大量有關(guān)個人購物的信息［A］項chunk意為“厚塊,大塊”［B］”［C］”［D］統(tǒng)不會。首先，要使電子貨幣成為主流支付方式，就必須安裝電腦和并建立通訊第三，使用紙質(zhì)支票，顧客就有幾日的在途，也就是說：要過幾天支票才兌現(xiàn)，賬戶中的才被提取，這就意味著寫支票的人可以得到幾日的利息。由于電子支付時是即時的，經(jīng)常聽到這樣的：就能夠進入電腦數(shù)據(jù)庫，篡改其中的信息。而個人隱私。［答案］［考點］［正確項精解］題中的joke出現(xiàn)在文章開頭，其作用首先是引出文章，但是也有證明觀點的作用。閱joke的內(nèi)容，于是要證明的觀點應(yīng)該出現(xiàn)在第二段，閱讀第二段joke所要闡明的觀點，其大意為：高失業(yè)率和中產(chǎn)階層收入下降的一個原因是全球化和的進步。由此確定［A］為本題答案。是對該句內(nèi)容的“概括和同義替”［C］紡織廠規(guī)模的縮減，與文章內(nèi)容無關(guān)，屬于“無中生有”［D］中產(chǎn)收入減少，不是文［答案］［考點］［正確項精解］限定在第三段。根據(jù)題干tobeasuccessfulemployee,精確定位Therefore,everyoneneedstofindtheirextra—theiruniquevaluecontributionthatmakesthemstandoutinwhateveristheirfieldofemployment，其中，standout(突出)tobesuccessful,由此理解到要成為成功的員工，everyoneneedstofindtheirextra（人人都需要找到自己超常的價值theiruniquevaluecontribution（他們獨特的貢獻［D］contributesomethinguniquetheiruniquevaluecontribution［干擾項分析］［A］項的干擾來自于第三段:Itcantwhensomanymoreemployershavesomuoreaccesstosomuoreaboveaveragecheapforeignlabor,cheaprobotics,cheapsoftware,cheapautomationandcheapgenius.文中意思是，雇主（employer）可以到便宜的軟件，而不是說員工（employee）的情況，屬于“偷換概念”［B］amoderatesalary在文中沒有相關(guān)信息，屬于“無中生有”［C］Inthepast,withaverage ng agefe

過上一般的生活，而［C］aagelifestylesuccessfulemployee身上，屬于“張［答案］［考點］［正確項精解］本題中的quotation出現(xiàn)在第四段，屬于文中（舉例，要證明的觀點便是其上一句：Yes,newtechnologyhasbeeneatingjobsforever,andalwayswill.Buttheresbeenacceleration（新技術(shù)一直并將繼續(xù)吞噬工作崗位，但是近來有加速的趨勢。由［干擾項分析］［A］gainsoftechnologyhavebeenerasedbeenerased在文中找［C］［技巧點撥］事例、和數(shù)據(jù)在文章中具有相同的作用：引出文章或者證明某［答案］［考點］［正確項精解］根據(jù)本題toreduceunemployment,精確定位到最后一段：therearemanythingsweneedtodotosupportemployment(需要很多東西來支持就業(yè))，所謂支持就butnothingwouldbemoreimportantthan(但最重要的是)給出了本題答案：passingsomekindofG.I.Billforthe21stcenturythatensuresthateveryAmericanhasaccesstoposthighschooleducation,其大意為：通過某些法案確保每個人都有機會接受［B］highunemploymentanddecliningmiddleclass estodayisalsobecauseoftheadvancesinbothglobalizationandtheinformationtechnologyrevolution，即失業(yè)率一直居高不下、中產(chǎn)階［答案］［考點］Inthepast,workerswithaverageskills,nganaveragejob,couldearnanaveragelifestyle,But立刻把中心轉(zhuǎn)移到：today,averageis［C［技巧點撥］主旨題大多都可以通過第一段的理解、對文章引出方式的辨認來解答首段提問轉(zhuǎn)移中心事例開頭類比開頭都是引出的方式本文開頭顯然是，AdamDavidson在其題為“成功在”的文章中講述了這樣一個棉花生產(chǎn)國的笑話，是AdamDavidson的文章只是眾多類似文章的代表,，凡廉價的外國勞動者到廉價的機器人和軟件，低成本實現(xiàn)自動化，也可以挖掘到廉價，AdamDavidson年招工人數(shù)的總和；大約三分之一的制造業(yè)崗位不見，失業(yè)總數(shù)高達600萬。IT技術(shù)的進步，將來最好的工作都會對從業(yè)者提出新的要求：他們必須接受更好的教過某種《退伍權(quán)利法案》之類的法案，確保每個人在21世紀(jì)都有機會接受高中之［答案］［考點］［正確項精解］根據(jù)題irdsofpassage，精確定位到第一段最后一句。分析該句中birdsofpassage所指其作nickname的同位語是they的這時理解的重點就是they。根據(jù)代詞回指的特點去上句尋找答案，“AboutaquarterofallItalianimmigrants,forexample,they［干擾項分析］［A］theimmigrantsfromacrosstheAtlantic設(shè)置干擾，此處說的是100年前的，而不是birdsofpassage所指，屬于“張冠李戴”［B］項與［技巧點撥］［答案］［考點］［正確項精解］本題是thecurrentimmigrationsystemintheU.S.，該信息點出現(xiàn)在第二段第四句話：Thatframeworkhascontributedmightilytoourbrokenimmigrationsystemandthelongpoliticalparalysisoverhowtofixit（那樣的構(gòu)架導(dǎo)致制度，也導(dǎo)，要修改；隨后了修改的目標(biāo)：Wemightthenbegintosolveourimmigrationchallenges（那，［干擾項分析］［A］項與文章內(nèi)容Wedontneedmorecategories［B］項與Today,wearemuorerigidaboutimmigrants（如今對更加嚴格）相反，都屬于“正反”［D］項hasbeenfixed在文中沒有體現(xiàn)，屬于“無中生有”。［答案］［考點］［正確項精解］本題是todaysbirdsofpassage。該信息點出現(xiàn)在文章第三段第Theytodaysbirdsof［干擾項分析］［A］項的干擾來自aglobaleconomydrivenbytheflowofwork,money［答案］［考點］［正確項精解］本題是thebirdsofpassagetodayshouldbetreated（應(yīng)該以何種 modatingthisnewworldofpeopleinmotionwillrequirenewattitudesonbothsidesoftheimmigrationbattle中的requirenewattitudes（需要新的態(tài)度）表明本段涉及如何對待短期的信息根據(jù)上下文連貫的原則我們可以確定，下句將說明什么樣的態(tài)度：Lookingbeyondtheculturewarlogicofrightorwrongmeansopeningupthemiddlegroundandunderstandingthatmanagingimmigrationtodayrequiresmultiplepathsand es，includingsomethatarenoteasy plishlegallyintheexisting今的管理體系需要各種途徑和多樣化結(jié)果包括當(dāng)前體系下用法律很難解決的［答案］［考點］［正確項精解］本文第一段介紹過去的狀況，并數(shù)據(jù)，在第二段開頭引入主旨：Today，wearemuorerigidaboutimmigrants（如今，關(guān)于我們更加嚴格下句如何嚴格：Wedivide ersintotwocategories：legalorillegal，goodorbad（我們把新分為兩類：合法和不合法，好與壞。由此可見，本文作者要論證的就是對嚴［C］［干擾項分析］本文論述的是遷徙自由問題，目前的制度，應(yīng)鼓勵［A］”［B］100年前，而來的中有者，也有旅居者。伴隨很多打算在永久安家的而來的還有一些無意的人他們賺了錢就會返回家鄉(xiāng)1908到1915們不需要的分類而是需要改變我們考慮分類的方式。我們應(yīng)該合法與的嚴定義（來思考類別。首先，我們應(yīng)該承認那些新來的短期，也就是那些在灰色地想象成他們可以暫時取得成果而無需承諾居留的地方我們需要他們感覺到家可以安在調(diào)和這個人口在不斷流動的需要在問題上爭論的雙方新的態(tài)度文管理體系需要各種途徑和多樣化結(jié)果，包括當(dāng)前體系下用法律很難解決的問題。［答案］［考點］［正確項精解］本題是Thetimeneededinmakingdecision第一段的ifwetakeamomentandthinkabout...體現(xiàn)了該，ifwetakeamomentandthinkabouthowwearelikelytoreact，wecanreduceoreveneliminatethenegativeeffectsofourquick，hardwired來的影響這也就是說，我們做決定所花的時間決定了我們判斷的準(zhǔn)確性。另外，本題還出現(xiàn)在第二段第二、三句：Butweneedmoretimetoassessotherfactors.Toaccuraylwhethersomeoneissociable，studiesshow，weneedatleastaminute，preferably［干擾項分析］［A］項中的urgencyofthesituation和［C］項中的importanceofthe”［B］whiletojudgecomplexaspectsof ality設(shè)置，屬于“偷換概念”。［答案］［考點］［正確項精解］本題是Ourreactiontoafastfoodlogo，該出現(xiàn)在第三段第二句話：viewingafastfoodlogoforjustafewmillisecondsprimesustoread20percentfaster，eventhoughreadinghaslittletodowitheating（看到快餐商標(biāo)會使我們閱讀速度加快20%，而實際上閱讀與吃幾乎無關(guān)Weunconsciouslyassociatefastfoodwithspeedandimpatienceandcarrythoseimpulsesintowhateverelsewereng（人們無意識的將［干擾項分析］［B］Weunconsciouslyassociatefastfoodwithspeedand”［C］屬于“無中生有”［D］項與文章carrythoseimpulsesintowhateverelsewereng的意思相反，屬于“正反”。［答案］［考點］［正確項解］本是evreeneavenuenesofapdcons。關(guān)鍵eteaneerehnfuenefwenowwewlovrectocnserrodcsorhousgoponsenweeeaappyc（nerangodaesepentavesndraleaeaensreaaysngwecanaeaoentefreuyn（如果道我們面對銷售表和房人笑臉時會感情用事，我們可以在買之前花點時間考慮，也就是說思考一會再買。由此可見［］項”。［B］”［D］［答案］［考點］［正確項精解］本題是reliablesnapreactionsarebasedon，同時限定在JohnGottmanJohnGottman，...explainsthatwequickly“thinslice”informationreliablyonlyafterwegroundsuchsnapreactionin“thicksliced”longtermstudy，其中的quickly“thinslice”informationreliably對應(yīng)reliablesnapreaction；ground在此為動詞，意為“以……為基礎(chǔ)”arebasedonWhenDrGottmanreallywantstoassesswhetheracouplewillstaytogether，heinvitesthemtohisislandretreatforamuchlongerevaluation：twodays，notto“無中生有”［項“thinsliced”study與文中g(shù)roundsuchsnapreactioninthicksliced”longtermstudy意思正好相反，屬于“正反”。［答案］［考點］［正確項精解］根據(jù)reversingthehighspeedtrend精確定位到最后一段。最后一段最后兩句是：Althoughtechnologymightchangethewaywereact,ithasntchangednatureWestillhavetheimaginativecapacitytoriseabovetemptationandreversethehighspeed力去克服并扭轉(zhuǎn)這種快速反應(yīng)的趨勢。其中的westillhavetheimaginativecapacity表［C］［干擾項分析］文章沒有信息表明作者的寬容態(tài)度，故［A］項屬于“無中生有”；文，準(zhǔn)確判斷是否友善，人們至少需要一分鐘來判斷更好。人們需要一點時間判斷，餐商標(biāo)短短幾毫秒就會使人們閱讀速度提高20%，雖然閱讀和進餐幾乎沒任何關(guān)系。人們快餐的實驗對象往往也會認為一小段音樂持續(xù)太長。，我們知道女性招聘者更有可能有的女性求職者（的事實，我們就可以幫助招聘者JohnGottman解釋說，只有我們把快速反應(yīng)建立在多方面的長期研究上，快思考過程不連續(xù)，持續(xù)時間很短。但是從歷史上來看，我們一天內(nèi)會用12%的時間進行長有想象力去克服并扭轉(zhuǎn)快速反應(yīng)的趨勢。［答案］［考點］［正確項精解］本題是theEuropeancorporateworkplace。根據(jù)theEuropeancorporateworkplace，精確定位到文章的第一段第二句：thecorporateworkplacewillneverbecomple yfamilyfiendlyuntilwomenarepartofseniormanagementdecisions,andEuropetopcorporate ernancepositionsremainoverwhelminglymale，本句話中并列連詞and說明企業(yè)職場的兩個特點(1)neverbecomple iendl（；(2)top ernancepositionsremainoverwhelminglymale（管理崗位數(shù)量［干擾項分析］干擾［A］與原文Europetopcorporateernancepositionsremainoverwhelminglymale正好相反［D］項也與原文意思相反，屬于“正反”［C］項中的overwhelmedoverwhelmingly，屬于“偷換概念”。［答案］［考點］［正確項精解］本題是EuropeanUnionintendedlegislation。該可以精確定位到第二段第一句：TheEuropeanUnionisnowconsideringlegislationtocompelcorporateboardstomaintainacertainproportionofwo pto60percent，其中的isnowconsideringlegislation對應(yīng)intendedlegislation。其大意為：歐盟正在考慮通過強制公司董事會保持一定比例的女性——可高達60%。由此可見：是為了保持比例的平衡。所以［A］s reluctance設(shè)置的干s項,并不是說EuropeanUnion的，屬“張冠李戴”［C］項aresponsetoRedingcall不是compel（被迫，而不是自愿行動，屬于“正反”。［答案］［考點］［正確項精解］本題是quotasmayh