現(xiàn)代造船技術(shù)

ModernShipConstructionModernShipConstructionTechnologyUnitPaintingandTightness

ModernShipConstructionWhatare5stepsforaxlesystemCenterline,openhole,screw-shafttube,propeller,Whatare4stepsofelectricalIndoorpreparation,cabling,equipmentinstallation,adjustmentandtest.Whatarethe3corrosionprotectionPaint,cathodic,oxideModernShipConstructionPaintingincludesallpaintingprocess,relativetechnologies,andmanagementactivities,justlikepaintingmaterial,paintingcover,surfacetreatmentetc.paintingthroughoutallshipvarietyofpaintingcomplexpaintingimportanceofpaintingModernShipConstructionPaintingthroughoutallShipThefirststepandlaststepofshipconstructionareallpainting.Andpaintingwillbethroughoutallshipconstruction.ModernShipConstructionVarietyofPaintingDifferentpartsoftheshipwillbeindifferentcorrosiveenvironment,sodifferentpartsoftheshiphavedifferentpaintingrequirements.Shippaintingneedsdecadesofpaintingmaterialswhichshouldbemixedinorder.Oneortwofirstcoatingandsurfacecoatingobviouslycannotsatisfytherequirements.Varietyofpaintingmaterialsdecidedifferentworkingconditions,workingmethods,workingprocessesandworkingtools.Itisnecessarytomakesuitableplan,tousesuitablemethods,toworkatsuitablestages.ModernShipConstructionComplexPaintingWeshouldarrangepaintingjobsatdifferentshipconstructionstages.Balancepaintingjobworkload,andnotaffectotherconstructionEnsurepaintingquality,andnotwastepaintingRaiseproductivitytoshortenpaintingcycletime,andnotagainstpaintingtechnicalandprocessrequirementstoensurepaintingquality.ModernShipConstructionImportanceofPaintingAlmostallmarinepaintingmaterialshaveflammabletoxicorganicPaintingjobsareoftenexecutedinpoorventilationnarrowspace,sometimesinconfinedTherearemanyfiresourcesduringallshipconstruction.TherearegreatdangerssuchasburningandThereisagreatdangertobeThereshouldbestrictsafetyprotection,suchas ModernShipConstructionPaintingissystematicprojectincludingdesign,process,technologyandmanagement.AdvancesinpaintingModernShipConstructionDesignisselectsuitableprocessandtechnologytreatmentstoanswerrequestsofcorrosionprotection,anti-foulinganddecorativelandsca QuoteContractDetailProductionModernShipConstructionSteelsurfacepretreatmentandfirstcoatinginSurfacetreatmentbeforepainting(secondarycleaningandsurfaceIthasblockpainting,berthpainting,pieronboardcoating,dockpaintingandoutfittingdocketc.manyModernShipConstructionPaintingCoatingCoatingPaintingPaintingPaintingPaintingsafetyModernShipConstructionAdvancesinPaintingNewprocessforsteelrawmaterialpretreatmentandworkshopfirstcoatingareusedwidely.IndoorshotblastingandpowertoolsreplacedmanualrustaymoreattentiontoclimaticconditionsforpaintingStandardsforpaintingjobsandpaintingqualitieshaveNewhighperformancepaintingmaterialsareAdvancedpaintingtoolsandtestingtoolsarewidelyAdvanceddesigntechnologies,productionmanagementmethodsareconstantlyModernShipConstructionModernPaintingLargepaintingfacilities,suchassteelpretreatmentindoorpaintingStandardsystem,suchasdesign,execution,qualitymanagement,materialsmanagementetc.Paintingplanning,suchastodecidepaintingtiming,paintingorderetc.Computeraidedjobs,suchasrunning,design,planning,materialsmanagement,andworkloadModernShipConstructionModernPaintingOrganizationimprovement,suchasdesign,executioninordertoadaptmodernshipconstruction. ,outfitting,painting”integration,suchastoproductiondesignwithpaintingPaintingsafetymanagement,suchassafetyeducation,individuallaborsafetyprotection,accidentspreventionandoccupationaldiseasepreventionetc.ModernShipConstructionPaintingPreparationbeforeCanopening,stirring,mixingandripening,dilution,filtration,toning.PaintingBrush,roller,compressedairspray,highpressureairlessPaintingModernShipConstructionPaintingManualbrushingtools:paintbrush,paintroller,steelskinscraper,hornscraper,plasticscraperandrubberscraperetc.Airspray:themaintoolisairsprayAirlessspray:themaintoolishigh-pressureairlesssprayer,Ithascompressedairdriven,electricdriven,diesel-driventhree大 槍 ModernShipConstructionPaintingPaintingmaterialsCanbedriedatroomShouldbesuitableforthickShouldhavegoodelectric andalkaliforhullunderwaterline.ShouldhavegoodfireproofperformanceandlesssmokecaseModernShipConstructionPainting名稱車間底磷化底漆（聚乙烯醇縮丁醛樹(shù)脂環(huán)氧富鋅環(huán)氧鐵紅．無(wú)機(jī)硅酸鋅船底銹瀝青船底防銹 ．氯化橡膠類船底防銹 d．環(huán)氧瀝青船底防船底污溶解型（瀝青、松香、氧化亞銅接觸型（氯化橡丙烯酸樹(shù)脂與氧化亞銅擴(kuò)散型（氯化橡丙烯酸樹(shù)脂與松香、有機(jī)錫自拋光型（有機(jī)錫高聚物ModernShipConstruction船用防銹

Paintinga．紅丹防銹漆（油基、醇酸樹(shù)脂、酚醛樹(shù)脂、環(huán)氧酯） 云鐵防銹漆（油基、酚醛樹(shù)脂、環(huán)氧樹(shù)脂、環(huán)氧酯）d．

b項(xiàng)常帶加入水線

酚醛水線 ．丙烯酸樹(shù)脂水e．乙烯樹(shù)脂水線

氯化橡膠水線d．環(huán)氧水

c項(xiàng)常以氯化橡膠改f．水線防污漆（接觸型、擴(kuò)散型、自拋光型水線 涂料

醇酸船

船殼漆主要用于船室外船f常生產(chǎn)環(huán)氧酯船殼貨艙艙室面

銀艙漆（油基、留酸樹(shù)脂與鋁粉氯化橡膠貨油基調(diào)合醇酸

ModernShipConstruction液

Paintingaa

a

ModernShipConstructionWorkshopFirstWorkshopfirstcoating,isthefirstpaintingstepmaterialafterrustcleaningduringsteelsurfacepretreatment.Workshopfirstcoatingistopreventcorrosionatfollowingfabrication,assembly,blockanddockbuildingModernShipConstructionWorkshopFirstWorkshopfirstcoatingisatemporarypainting.Itcanberemovedorremainedatblockpaintingstage.Workshopfirstcoatingwillberemainedatweldingandcuttingstages.Workshopfirstcoatingcanberemainedatrightstage,ifitissuitabletomixotherWorkshopfirstcoatingissprayedonautomatictreatmentModernShipConstructionWorkshopFirstCoatingItshouldberecognizedbyshipinspectionIthasquick-dryingperformance,bedriedin5minutesatroomtemperature(23C).Ithasastrong Itsthicknessshouldbe15-25μm,inordertopreventcorrosionforatleastthreemonths.Ithasgoodheat ,inordertopreventcorrosionafterlineheatingandcooling.Ithasgood andIthaslowtoxicity,especiallyinhighIthasgood ,inordertofitshipModernShipConstructionPaintingAnti-rustpaintingmaterialhasrustprotectionandcorrosionprotection2functions.Anti-foulingpaintingmaterialistopreventtheadhesionofmarinefoulingandmarinelives,tokeepshipbottomclean.Itincludestoxicmaterial,exudationaids,binders,pigment,additives,solventetc.ModernShipConstructionPaintingMaterialofSurfacesabovePaintingmaterialofsurfacesabovewaterlineincludeswaterlinepaint,hullpaint,deckpaint,cargopaint,cabininteriorpaintetc.Waterlinepaint:ithasgood ,andbetterdecoration,becauseareanearwaterlinehasseriouscorrosionconditions,andisinalternatingwetanddrystate.Hullpaint:ithasgoodweather ,water andbetterdecoration.Itiswidelyusedinshiphullabovewaterline,superstructure,anddeckoutfittingModernShipConstructionPaintingMaterialofSurfacesaboveDeckpaint:ithasgoodadhesion,water andabrasion Cargopaint:ithasgoodadhesion,highhardnessand ,usuallyusedinsidecargocompartments.Cabininteriorpaint:ithasgoodadhesion,betterdecoration,goodfireproofperformanceandlesssmokeincaseburning.Itisusuallyusedinsideengineroomandlivingcabins.ModernShipConstructionPaintingMaterial havewater includesfreshwater

two,drink,ballast

,cooling

,bottometc.,sumpproduct

includesfuel,cargo

,lubricationofcrude Paintingmaterialofballastwater ,saltspray

:ithas, Itshouldbefinishedinonetimewithhighercoatingthicknessbecauseoftheharshworkingconditions.ModernShipConstructionPaintingMaterialPaintingmaterialofdrinkwater :ithasgoodadhesion, ,rust andnopollutionfactors.Itshouldberecognizedbyhealthauthorities.Paintingmaterialofoil :oil generallydonotneedpainting.Butoil willstillbepaintedbypetroleumresincoating(dryanti-rustoil)atblockpaintingstage,inordertopreventcorrosionduringshipconstructionandreducetheworkloadofcleaning.ModernShipConstructionPurposesofTightnessTocheckleakagephenomenaatweldingseamsofplatesandbulkheadsetc.Toeliminatedefects,inordertoensurevoyageTofindreasonsofdefectsduringwelding,inordertoprovideimprovementsuggestionsatcertainprocesses.Tocheckstrengthofshipstructuresunderstaticloads,iftherearerequirementsforstructuretests.ModernShipConstruction otypestructuresshouldbeexperimentedbetightnesstests:Allliquidcabinsandcabinets,includingthefore,aft andbottomvalveAllothertightnesscabinsandShipconstructionrulesgivecleardefinedforshiptightnessModernShipConstructionTest

TightnessCommonmethods:waterpressuretest,hosetest,airpressuretest,kerosenetestan lmisttestetc.NewMethod:negativepressuretest(blockoutfitting),ultrasoundandX-raynondestructivetestetc.Weshouldcleanupbothsidesofweldingseams,toensurenopaint,cementandotherresidueleftbeforethetest.ModernShipConstructionWater oneofthetightnesstestapprovedbyclassificationsocieties.ItistopullwaterintoonebyoneandcheckleakagephenomenaoutsidetheThewaterpressureshouldsatisfyrequirementsofThewatertemperatureshouldbeabove+5℃.WeshouldwateriftheoutsidetemperatureisbelowWeshouldwait10minafterthewaterpressurereachesthepredeterminedvalue,tostartcheckingleakagephenomena.Weonlycanconsidernoproblemwhenwaterleveldoesnotchangeandnoleakagephenomenaafterlhour.Waterpressure mostusefulforcabinswhichneedstructuretestsonnewdesignedship.ModernShipConstructionHose tohosewateratonesideofweldingseams,checkleakagephenomenaattheotherHosewaterpressureshouldnotbelessthanHosediametershouldnotbelessthanDistanceshouldnotbelargerthanHosetestobjectsarewatertightdoorsandwindows,hatches,sideplates,decks,shafttunnels,bulkheads,openpartsofdeckhouses,roomwallplatesetc. replacedairpressuretestoroilmisttestModernShipConstructionAirPressureAirpressure toblowcompressedairwithcertainpressureintotightnesscabinatonesideofweldingseams,andspreadfoamingagent(soap)ontheotherside,tocheckleakageWecanuseairpressuretestinsteadofwaterpressuretestifthestrengthisOKandthicknessofplatesislargerthan6mm.Weshouldinstall2pressuremeasurersand1safetyvalve.Weonlycanconsidernoproblemwhenairpressureis1.5-5×104Pa,pressuredropislessthan5%,andnobubblephenomenaafterlhour.ModernShipConstructionKerosene tospreadwhitepowderononesideofweldingseams,andspreadkeroseneontheotherside,toseewhetherthereiskerosenestainonwhitepowder.Whitepowdersolutionshouldbecoatedwithwidthof40-50mm,andwaititdry.Weshouldwaitcertaintimetocheckkerosenestain,andtakedoubletimeifthetemperatureisbelow0℃orfordouble-sideModernShipConstructionOilMistOil tousekeroseneandcompressedairtooilmistwithcertainpressurebysprayfacility,thenleakageKeroseneusedinoilmisttightnesstestshouldbefiltratedtoremoveimpurities.Nozzlediameterofsprayfacilityshouldlessthan16mm.Thedistanceshouldbe50-100mm.Thenozzlemovingspeedshouldbe5-10m/min.AirpressureintheconduitshouldnotbelessthanWeshouldcheckleakagephenomenaattheothersideofweldingseamsafter3-5min(temperaturesabove20℃)or10-15min(temperaturesbelow20℃).ModernShipConstructionModernShipConstructionModernShipConstructionTechnologyUnit38Launching,TrialandDeliveryModernShipConstructionLaunchingistomovebuildingshipfrombuildingareatowaterarea.Usuallywecalllaunchingwhenshipfromberthtowater,andcallundockingwhenshipfromdocktoriver.LaunchingAccordingtolaunchingprinciple,therearegravity,floatingandtowinglaunching3types.Accordingtolaunchingdirection,therearetransverseandlongitudinallaunching2types.Accordingtolaunchingprocess,therearegrease,ballandsmallcarslipwaylaunchingModernShipConstructionLaunching下水入水重力縱向涂油滑 橫向涂油滑道漂浮垂直造船塢（或修船塢）注水式船塢浮船牽引縱向縱向船道道道架縱橫向橫向高低軌滑道道斜架垂向升船機(jī)ModernShipConstructionLongitudinalGreaseSlipwayModernShipConstructionLongitudinalBallBearingSlipwayModernShipConstructionModernShipConstructionFloatingDockisabetterfacilitytosolvethelargeshipconstructionandlaunching.ItismoresuitablefortheareawithsmalltidalModernShipConstructionTowinglaunchingistotowshipusingtowingmachineryintowater.LongitudinalslipwaytowingVerticalshipliftingModernShipConstructionLongitudinalSlipwayTowingModernShipConstruction2SupportPointsLongitudinalSlipwayTowingModernShipConstructionWedgeLaunchVehicleLongitudinalSlipwayTowingLaunchingModernShipConstructionTransverseMovingChangedSlopeLongitudinalSlipwayTowingLaunchingModernShipConstructionHigh-lowRailsTransverseSlipwayTowingModernShipConstructionHigh-lowLegsTransverseSlipwayTowingModernShipConstructionModernShipConstructionOtherLaunchingBalloonlaunching:uselargerdiameterballoonstoliftship,removeallsupportpiersusedinshipconstruction,putrollingballoonsinsteadofliftingballoons,usethewinchtomoveshiptowardwater.Watercushionlaunching:usewatercushionwoodenpierstosupportship,usehighpressurewatertoliftshipupslightly,thendragtheshipintowater.ModernShipConstructionSelectionofLaunchingWeshouldselectsuitablelaunchingmethodandfacilities,accordingtoshipyardarrangementandprocessflowwhenbuildingnewshipyardorreformshipyards.Weshouldconsiderfollowingfactors:shipyardareaandterrainshorelineandgeologicalwaterwidthandhydrologicalwaterlevelshipyardproductionprogram(thelargestshipdimensioncapacitythetotalshipbuildingModernShipConstructionMechanicsofLongitudinalGreaseSlipwayThelaunchinghasfollowingfourFromstartmovingtofirsttouchwater(shoreFromfirsttouchwatertosternfloating(intoFromsternfloatingtocompleteshipfloating(sternFromcompleteshipfloatingtostopmoving(fullModernShipConstructionShoreModernShipConstructionShoreAnecessaryconditionforshiptomoveDcsin0DccostgGreasestaticfrictioncoefficientwilldeterminetheshipcanmoveiftheslipwayβisModernShipConstructionIntoTheshipstillmovesalongslipwaydirectionatthisThereisbuoyancyforceγVatbuoyancycenterC,becausethesternisalreadyonthewater.TheforcewillincreasewithshipgravityforceDcisatgravitycenterG.SetRisreactionfromsupporting,andlc,lG,lRarerelativedistancesfromRDcVRlRDClGVlCModernShipConstructionSternllRDclGDcBeginningofstern

lRRDcModernShipConstructionUpwardUpwardtiltwillhappenifthegravitymomentislargerthanbuoyancymomentwhengravitycenterGmovedoverslipwayModernShipConstructionSternRDcDClG ofsternDc=γV,floatingintheDc>γV,suddenbowdropModernShipConstructionFullShipwillstillmoveafterfullfloatinguntilstopmoving Themovingdistancesarenormallyabout2to3timesofshipWeshouldconsiderwaterareasizetodeterminewhetherspecialbrakingtoshortenshipglidingModernShipConstructionLaunchingWecancalculaaunchingcurvesaccordingtostaticsmechanics,andknowwhetherupwardtilt,suddenbowdropdownwillhappen.Launchingisadynamicprocess.Wecancalculateaccuratespeed,accelerationandstop positionetc.bydynamicModernShipConstructionLaunchingModernShipConstructionProcessofLongitudinalGreaseSlipwayModernShipConstructionLaunchingWoodenSandboxlaunchingwoodenModernShipConstructionSlipwayisthebasetosupportslip-board,launchingpiersandshipweight,andalsoisshiplaunchingrail.Longitudinalgreaseslipwayhasmainparameters,asslipwayslopeangle,centerlinedistance,waterdepthatslipwayend,slipwaylength,slipwaywidth,andslipwayweightloaddistributionetc.ModernShipConstructionWaterDepthatSlipway waterdepthatslipwayend —thedraftatlastpierwhenfullfloating distancebetweenthebottomandslipwayatlastpier,forbigshiph＝0.5-0.8m,smallshiph=0.3-0.4m. margin,usuallyModernShipConstructionSlip-Slip-boardislaunchingfacilitytosupportshipandlaunchingpiers.Itconsistsof200×200mmor300×300mmpinesquaretimberconnectedeachotherbybolts.Eachslip-boardis6-8mor3-4mlong.ModernShipConstructionLaunchingItshouldhavesufficientbearingstrengthlargerthan(1525)×104ItshouldhavesmallfrictioncoefficientlessthanItshouldhavestrongadhesion,nocrackingandItshouldhavegoodperformancestability,evenintemperature>30℃andlowtemperature<-ItshouldhavenochemicalreactionwithseaItshouldhavesmallsensitivitytoModernShipConstructionLaunchingModernShipConstructionSternLaunchingModernShipConstructionLaunchingSlipModernShipConstructionLaunchingProcessToavoidcannotsliporstopslip :sethydraulicpushingdeviceorinstalltowingropepulleygroup.Toavoidupwardtilt:increaseslopeangle,addweightatboworaddbuoyancyboxesatstern,fulltidelaunching.Toavoidsuddenbowdropdown:addweightatstern,tideModernShipConstructionBrakingshieldplate cableModernShipConstructionBraking loadanchorModernShipConstructionBrakingwireropeModernShipConstructionTrialandThemainpurposeoftrailistocheck,evaluateandadjustinstallationqualityandworkingconditionsofequipmentandsystems,inordertoconfirmwhetherthenewshipanswertherequirementsofdesigntaskbookandrelevantrules,toobtaintherelevant sissuedbyshipclassificationsocieties.Deliveryisaceremonyafterallrepresentativesconfirmallshipperformancecanmeetcontractrequirements.Usually,deliveryisnot ofshipcontract.ShipyardstillbearsresponsibilityforwarrantywithintheprescribedperiodafterModernShipConstructionTrailanddeliveryareusuallyfinishedbyclassificationsociety,ship-ownerandshipyardstogether.Forfirstnewship,designcompanyalsoshouldparticipate.Classificationsociety:tomakerulesregulations,toshipsandto Ship-owner:toapplya fromcertainclassificationsociety,tocheckships,tosendcrewtoattendtrailsandacceptships.Shipyards:tofinishtrail,todeliveryModernShipConstructionTrailhas5followingTrailpreparation:tounsealandcleanmarineequipment,tocheckpipesandsystems,topoweronelectriccircuits,andcommissioningvarietyofinstrumentsandequipment.Piertestincludingtilttest:tocheckshiphull,machineryandequipment.electricalfacilities,enginesandpowerdevices,andidentifytheirquality,toensuretrialconditions.Voyagetrail:tocheckshipperformanceincludingpropulsion,maneuvering,sea-kee andmainenginepower,accordingtoshipbuildingcontractandapprovedtechnicaldesign.Equipmentdismantling:todismantleandcheckequipmentwhichhasproblemsduringprevioussteps,tounderstanddetailInspectionsailingtrial:tocheckdismantledModernShipConstructionPierPiertestsareexecutedatthepierofastationaryGeneratorsetMainenginepierBoilerignitionInspectionandtestofrudderAnchordeviceOtherModernShipConstructionGeneratorSetGeneratorsetistoprovidepowerforthewholeship,maingeneratorsetandemergencygeneratorsettwoDieselgeneratorsetshouldhasinstantaneouschangeofrotationspeed≤10%,speedstabilitydeviation≤5%,settlingtime≤5s,during0%→100%→0%loadchangetest.負(fù)載率（對(duì)額定機(jī)組功率試驗(yàn)時(shí)間（min或次數(shù)160或120（海船3315或30（海船23450→100（或7ModernShipConstructionMainEnginePierMainenginepier tocheckmanufactureandinstallationqualityofshipmainengine,inordertoprepareforvoyagetrail.MainenginepiertestshouldhavefollowingFueloil,lubricationoil,seawaterandfreshwatersystemshavebeenaccepted.MainengineandaxlesysteminstallationshavebeenGeneratorsethasbeenaccepted,canprovideelectricFueloil,lubricationoilandwatermusthavebeenreadyPierhasenoughwaterModernShipConstructionMainEnginePierMainenginepiertestshouldadjustbalanceofeachenginecylinder,tochangethethermalparameters(compressionpressure,explosionpressure temperature)againandagain,inordertoleteachenginecylinderhavesameMainenginepiertestshoulddoloadstresstest,conditionsof25%,50%,75%,100%operatingMainengineshouldhavenobitecylinder,nodamageonturbocharger,whentheitison100%loadtooperate2-4h.WecanthinkmainengineisOK.ModernSh