托福作文寫作范文詳解orre

托福作文寫作范文詳解ReadingInthe1950sTorreyataxifoha,atypeofevergreentreeonceverycommoninthestateofFlorida,startedtodieoutNooneissureexactlywhatcausedthedecline,butchancesaregoodthatifnothingisdone,Torreyawillsoonbecomeextinct.ExpertsareconsideringthreewaystoaddressthedeclineofTorreya.ThefirstoptionistoreestablishTorreyainthesamelocationinwhichitthrivedforthousandsofyears.TorreyausedtobefoundinabundanceinthenorthernpartofFlorida,whichhasaspecificmicroclimate.Amicroclimateexistswhenweatherconditionsinsidearelativelysmallareadifferfromtheregionofwhichthatareaisapart.NorthernFlorida'smicroclimateisveryfavorabletoTorreyafsgrowth.Thismicroclimateiswetterandcoolerthanthesurroundingregion'srelativelydry,warmclimate.ScientistshavebeenworkingtoplantTorreyaseedsinthecoolest,dampestareasofthemicroclimate.ThesecondoptionistomoveTorreyatoanentirelydifferentlocation,farfromitsFloridamicroclimate.Torreyaseedsandsaplingshavebeensuccessfullyplantedandgrowninforestsfurthernorth,wherethetemperatureissignificantlycooler.SomescientistsbelievethatTorreyaprobablythrivedinareasmuchfurthernorthinthedistantpast,sobyrelocatingitnow,inaprocessknownasassistedmigration,humanswouldsimplybehelpingTorreyareturntoanenvironmentthatismoresuitedtoitssurvival.ThethirdoptionistopreserveTorreyainresearchcenters.SeedsandsaplingscanbemovedfromthewildandpreservedinacloselymonitoredenvironmentwhereitwillbeeasierforscientistsbothtoprotectthespeciesandconductresearchonTorreya.Thisresearchcanthenbeusedtoensurethecontinuedsurvivalofthespecies.ListeningYou'vejustreadaboutthreewaystosaveTorreyataxifolia.Unfortunately,noneofthesethreeoptionsprovidesasatisfactorysolution.Aboutthefirstsolution-reestablishingTorreyainthesamelocation-thatsunlikelytobesuccessful,becauseofwhat'shappeningtothecoolestdampestareaswithintorreya'smicroclimate.Theseareasarebeingstronglyaffectedbychangesintheclimateofthelargerregion.ThiscouldbebecauseglobalwarminghascontributedtoanincreaseinoveralltemperaturesintheregionorbecausewetlandsthroughoutFloridahavebeendrained.Eitherway,manyareasacrosstheregionarebecomingdrier,soit'sunlikelythatTorreyawouldhavetheconditionsitneedstosurviveanywherewithinitsoriginalFloridamicroclimate.Nowaboutthesecondsolution,relocatingTorreyafarfromwhereitcurrentlygrows,well,letslookatwhathappenedwhenhumanshelpedanothertree,theblacklocusttree,movenorthtoanewenvironment.Whentheydidthis,theblacklocusttreespreadsoquicklythatitkilledoffmanyplantsandtreesinthenewenvironment,andsomeoftheseplantsandtreeswerethemselvesalreadyindangerofbecomingextinct.Soassistedmigrationcanhaveunpredictedoutcomesforthenewenvironment.Third,researchcentersareprobablynotasolutioneither.That7sbecausethepopulationofTorreyatreesthatcanbekeptinthecenterswillprobablynotbeabletoresistdiseases.Forapopulationoftreestosurviveadisease,itneedstoberelativelylargeanditneedstobegeneticallydiverse.TreepopulationsinthewildusuallysatisfythosecriteriabutresearchcenterswouldsimplynothaveenoughcapacitytokeepalargeadiversepopulationofTorreyatrees,sotreesinsuchcenterswillnotbecapableofsurvivingdiseasesinthelongterm.一、閱讀聽力要點概括ReadingPassageMainpoints:Thereare3WaystostopthedeclineofTorreya.Subpoint1:ReestablishTorreyainthesamelocation.Subpoint2:MoveTorreyatoanewlocation.Subpoint3:PreserveTorreyainresearchcenters.LectureAttitude:Notsatisfy.SubPoint1:Unlikelytosuccessful.(Changesofclimate,warming,areasdrier.)SubPoint2:Blacklocusttreekilledmanyplantsinnewenvironment.(Alreadyindanger,Unpredictable.SubPoint3:Notasolution.（Largeanddiverseneeded,notenoughcapacity,can'tsurviveinlongterm.）二、范文逐段賞析Paragraph1InthereadingpassagetheauthordescribesthreewaystoaddressthedeclineofTorreya.However,theprofessordoubtstheargumentspresentedinthepassagewillbeeffective,statingthatnoneofthethreewayswillwork.此段功能：（Listeningpassage后文提到用L代替）（Readingpassage后文用R代替）作者先用一句話描述例如R的論點（有三種防止T樹的數(shù)量下降的方法），L反駁說這些方面都沒用。確認(rèn)了邏輯關(guān)系為反，引出三個討論。此段結(jié)構(gòu)：開頭段作者先復(fù)述了R的論點，接著確立邏輯關(guān)系，接著準(zhǔn)備3個點的詳細(xì)論證。Paragraph2Tobeginwith,theprofessorpointsoutthatthefirstoptionmentionedinthepassage,reestablishingTorreyaintheecosystem,willnotsucceed.Why?ManyareaswithinFlorida7smicroclimateregionarebecomingdriereitherfromglobalwarmingorfromdisappearingwetlands.Consequently,thisregionnowcannotprovidethenecessaryconditionsTorreyaneedstosurvive.此段功能：以L的觀點起頭，談subtopic1，在原地區(qū)種植T樹是不會成功的。因為在Florida的氣候發(fā)生了變化，原因可能是全球變暖或者濕地消失?，F(xiàn)在這片地區(qū)已經(jīng)不能很好的使T樹生長了。此段結(jié)構(gòu):此段為總分結(jié)構(gòu)。第一句陳述L的觀點，接著說明具體原因，最后達(dá)到反駁R觀點的效果。Paragraph3Additionally,theprofessorclaimsthatthesecondoption,relocatingTorreya,willbeinvain.Toillustratethisargument,theprofessorintroducedanexampleofanothertreewhichwasmovedtoanewenvironmentandthenquicklyspreadtokilloffotherplantspecies,includingsomealready-endangeredones.此段功能：還是以L觀點出發(fā)，談subtopic2,異地種植T樹也不合適。教授舉例說,另外一種樹在移植后生長太瘋狂把別的樹包括稀有樹木都侵蝕了。此段結(jié)構(gòu)：總分結(jié)構(gòu)。第一句總結(jié)L觀點。第二句用類比手法舉例，達(dá)到支撐L觀點的作用。Paragraph4Finally,theprofessorobjectstothethirdoptionofpreservingTorreyainresearchcenters.Thepopulati