英語劃分句子成分練習(xí)題及答案

英語劃句子成練習(xí)題答案（一）句子成分的定義：構(gòu)成句子的各個(gè)部分叫做句子成分。句子的主要成分有主語，謂語，賓語；次要成分有定語、狀語、補(bǔ)語、表語、和同位語。（二）主語：主語是一個(gè)句子所敘述的主體，一般位于句首。但在therebe結(jié)構(gòu)、一般疑問句和倒裝句中，主語位于謂語、助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后面。主語可由名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、不定式、動(dòng)名詞、名詞化的形容詞和主語從句等表示。Duringthe1990s,Americancountrymusichasbecomemoreandmorepopula（名詞）WeoftenspeakEnglishinclass.（代詞）One-thirdofthestudentsinthisclassaregirls.（數(shù)詞）Toswimintheriverisagreatpleasure.（不定式）Smokingdoesharmtothehealth.（動(dòng)名詞）Therichshouldhelpthepoor.（名詞化的形容詞）WhenwearegoingtohaveanEnglishtesthasnotbeendecided.（主語從句）Itisnecessarytomasteraforeignlanguage.（it作形式主語，真正的主語為后面的不定式）（三）謂語：謂語說明主語所做的動(dòng)作或具有的特征和狀態(tài)。動(dòng)詞在句中作謂語，一般放在主語之后。謂語的構(gòu)成如下：1簡(jiǎn)單謂語：由一個(gè)動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞短語構(gòu)成。如：Hepracticesrunningeverymorning.2復(fù)合謂語：（1由情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或其他助動(dòng)詞加動(dòng)詞原形構(gòu)成。如：Youmaykeepthebookfortwoweeks.Hehascaughtabadcold.（2由系動(dòng)詞加表語構(gòu)成。如：Wearestudents.（四）表語：表語用以說明主語的身份、特征和狀態(tài)，它一般位于系動(dòng)詞（如become,get,look,grow,turn,seem等）之后。表語一般由名詞、代詞、形容詞、分詞、數(shù)詞、不定式、動(dòng)名詞、介詞短語、副詞及表語從句表示。例如：OurteacherofEnglishisanAmerican.（名詞）Isityours?（代詞）Theweatherhasturnedcold.（形容詞）Thespeechisexciting.（分詞）Threetimessevenistwentyone?（數(shù)詞）HisjobistoteachEnglish.不定式）Hishobby（愛好）isfootball.（動(dòng)名詞）

Themachinemustbeoutoforder.介詞短語）Timeisup.Theclassisover.副詞）Thetruthisthathehasneverbeenabroad.表語從句）（五）賓語：賓語表示動(dòng)作的承受著或?qū)ο?，一般位于及物?dòng)詞和介詞后面。例如：Theywenttoseeanexhibition展覽）yesterday.（名詞）Theheavyrainpreventedmeformcomingtoschoolontime.（代詞）Howmanydictionariesdoyouhave?Ihavefive.（數(shù)詞）Theyhelpedtheoldwiththeirhouseworkyesterday.名詞化形容詞）Hepretendednottoseeme.（不定式短語）Ienjoylisteningtopopularmusic.動(dòng)名詞短語）Ithink（that）isfitforhisoffice.賓語從句）賓語種類（1）雙賓語（間接賓直接賓語），例如Lendmeyourdictionary,please.2復(fù)合賓語（賓語+賓補(bǔ)），例如：Theyhimtheirmonitor.（六）賓語補(bǔ)足語：英語中有些及物動(dòng)詞，除有一個(gè)直接賓語以外，還要有一個(gè)賓語補(bǔ)語才能使句子的意義完整帶有賓語補(bǔ)足語的一般句型為某些及物動(dòng)如make等+賓語+賓補(bǔ)）。賓補(bǔ)可由名詞、形容詞、副詞、不定式、分詞、介詞短語和從句充當(dāng)。例如：HisfathernamedhimDongming.名詞）Theypaintedtheirboatwhite.（形容詞）Letthefreshairin.副詞）Youmustn’tforcehimtolendhismoneyWesawherenteringtheroom.現(xiàn)在分詞）Wefoundeverythinginthelabingoodorder.介詞短語）Wewillsoonmakeourcitywhatyourcityisnow.（從句）（七）定語：修飾名詞或代詞的詞、短語或從句稱為定語。定語可由以下成分表示：Guilinisabeautifulcity.（形容詞）Chinaisadevelopingcountry;Americaisadevelopedcountry.（分詞）Therearethirtywomenteachersisourschool.（名詞）HisrapidprogressinEnglishmadeussurprised.（代詞）Ourmonitorisalwaysthefirsttoentertheclassroom.不定式短語）Theteachingplanfornexttermhasbeenworkedout.（動(dòng)名詞）HeisreadinganarticleabouthowtolearnEnglish.介詞短語）

（八）狀語：修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞或整個(gè)句子，說明動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)特征的句子成分，叫做狀語?？捎梢韵滦问奖硎荆篖ighttravelsmostquickly.（副詞及副詞性詞組）Hehaslivedinthecityfortenyears.（介詞短語）Heisproudtohavepassedthenationalcollegeentranceexamination.（不定式短語）Heisintheroommakingamodelplane.（分詞短語）Waitaminute.名詞）Onceyoubegin,youmustcontinue.（語從句）狀語種類如下：Howaboutmeetingagainatsix?時(shí)間狀語）Lastnightshedidn’ttothedancepartybecauseofthe（原因狀語）Ishallthereifdoesn’train.（條件狀語）MrSmithlivesonthethirdfloor.（地點(diǎn)狀語）Sheputtheeggsintothebasketwithgreatcare.（方式狀語）Shecameinwithadictionaryinherhand.伴隨狀語）Inordertocatchupwiththeothers,Imustworkharder.（目的狀語）Hewassotiredthathefellasleepimmediately.（結(jié)果狀語）Sheworksveryhardthoughsheisold.（讓步狀語）Iamtallerthanheis.（比較狀語）練習(xí)一一、指出下列句子劃線部分是什么句子成分：1.Thestudentsgotontheschoolbus.2.Hehandedmethenewspaper.3.Ishallansweryourquestionafterclass.4.WhatabeautifulChinesepainting!5.Theywenthuntingtogetherearlyinthemorning.6.Hisjobistotrainswimmers.7.HetookmanyphotosofthepalacesinBeijing.8.ThereisgoingtobeanAmericanfilmtonight.9.HeistoleaveforShanghaitomorrow.10.Hiswishistobecomeascientist.

11.Hemanagedtofinishtheworkintime.12.Tomcametoaskmeforadvice.13.HefounditimportanttomasterEnglish.14.Doyouhaveanythingelsetosay?15.Tobehonest;yourpronunciationisnotsogood.16.Wouldyoupleasetellmeyouraddress?17.Hesatthere,readinganewspaper.18.Itisourdutytokeepourclassroomcleanandtidy.19.Henoticedamanentertheroom.20.Theapplestastedsweet.二、用符號(hào)劃出下列短文各句中的主語（—）、謂語（＝）、賓語（～）：Ihopeyouareverywell.I'mfine,buttired.RightnowitisthesummervacationandI'mhelpingmyDadonthefarm.Augustisthehottestmonthhere.Itisthetimeofyearforthericeharvest,soeverydayIworkfromdawnuntildark.Sometimeswegoonworkingafterdarkbythelightsofourtractors.WegrowriceinthesouthoftheStates,butinthenorthwhereitiscoldertheygrowwheat.Wehavealotofmachinesonthefarm.Althoughthefarmislarge,myDadhasonlytwomenworkingforhim.Butheemploysmoremenfortheharvest.Mybrothertakescareofthevegetablegarden.Itdoesn'toftenraininthesummerhere.Asaresult,wehavetowaterthevegetablegarden.Everyeveningwepumpwaterfromawell.Itthenrunsalongchannelstodifferentpartsofthegarden.三、用符號(hào)劃出下列短文各句中的定語（—）、狀語（＝）、補(bǔ)語（～）：MostSaturdayeveningsthereisaparty,evenatharvesttime.Thesepartiesoftenmakeusveryhappy.Wecookmeatonanopenfireoutside.It'sgreat!Americanseatalotofmeattoomuchinmyopinion.Someofmyfriendsdrinkbeer.Idon't,becauseIhavetodrivehomeaftertheparty.InyourletteryouaskedaboutthetimeindifferentareasoftheStates.TherearefivedifferenttimeareasintheStates.InmystatewearefourteenhoursbehindBeijingtime.HowmanydifferenttimeareasdoyouhaveinChina?Well,Imuststopandgetsomesleep.Pleasegivemybestregardstoyourparents.

四、選擇填空：()1.____willleaveforBeijing.A.NowtherethemanB.ThemanherenowC.ThemanwhoisherenowD.Themanisherenow()2.Theweather____.A.wetandcoldB.iswetandcoldC.notwetandcoldD.werewetandcold()3.Theappletasted____.A.sweetsB.sweetlyC.nicelyD.sweet()4.Hegotup____yesterdaymorning.A.latelyB.lateC.latestD.latter()5.Theactor______attheageof70.A.deadB.diedC.dyedD.deaded()6.____wereallverytired,butnoneof____wouldstoptotakearest.A.We,usB.Us,weC.We,ourD.We,we()7.Hefoundthestreetmuch______.A.crowdB.crowdingC.crowdedD.crowdedly()8.Ithink_____necessarytolearnEnglishwell.A.itsB.itC.thatD.thatis()9.Thedog____mad.A.looksB.islookedC.isbeinglookedD.waslooked()10.Iwillneverforgettheday______Ijoinedthearmy.A.thatB.whenC.inwhichD.where練習(xí)一：一、、主語，定語2、間接賓語3謂語，狀語4定語5狀語，狀語6定語，表語；7、賓語，狀語；謂語，主語；9謂語；10主語，表語；、謂語，賓語12狀語13、形式賓語，真正賓語、賓語、定語、插入語，狀語；16、賓語(間賓直賓；17、狀語，狀語18、形式主語，表語，賓補(bǔ)19、賓補(bǔ)；20、表語二、略三、略四、1~5CBDBB6~10ACBAB練習(xí)二：

一、簡(jiǎn)單句；復(fù)合句；3、簡(jiǎn)單句4、簡(jiǎn)單句；并列句；6、復(fù)合句7、并列句；8復(fù)合句；9、簡(jiǎn)單句；、簡(jiǎn)單句二、Ihopeyouareverywell（復(fù)合句.I'mfine,but（簡(jiǎn)單句.RightnowitisthesummervacationandI'mhelpingmyDadonthefarm（并列句）Augustisthehottestmonthhere（簡(jiǎn)單句Itisthetimeofyearforthericeharvest,soeverydayIworkfromdawnuntildark.（并列句）wegoonworkingafterdarkbythelightsofour簡(jiǎn)單句）.WegrowriceinthesouthoftheStates,butinthenorthwhereitiscoldertheygrowwheat并列復(fù)合句）.Wehavealotofmachinesonthefarm（簡(jiǎn)單句）Althoughthefarmislarge,myDadhasonlytwomenworkingforhim復(fù)合句）Butheemploysmoremenfortheharvest簡(jiǎn)單句.Mybrothertakescareofthevegetable（簡(jiǎn)單句.Itdoesn'toftenraininthesummer（簡(jiǎn)單句.Asaresult,wehavetowaterthevegetabl