管制中的不正常情況

特殊情況處置程序及通話

AbnormalSituationsoperatingproceduresandmunications管制中的不正常情況共246頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第1頁(yè)!EMERGENCYOVERVIEWFORCONTROLLERS

管制員對(duì)緊急情況的概覽ESTABLISHBASICINFORMATIONEARLY

盡早建立基本信息

-Informyoursupervisorimmediatelyandbegintowritetheinformation.NatureoftheEmergency

緊急狀態(tài)的性質(zhì)IntentionsoftheCrew

機(jī)組人員的意圖

TimeAvailable

可用時(shí)間

AdditionalInformation

其他信息

Alternativelyconsiderthetaskas:-

考慮其他因素

WHO istheaircraftinEmergency?哪一航空器在緊急狀態(tài)中

WHAT istheProblem?問(wèn)題所在

WHERE

arethey?在哪

WHERE dotheyneedtogo?往哪去

WHEN isitgoingtohappen?什么時(shí)間發(fā)生管制中的不正常情況共246頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第2頁(yè)!WHO,WHAT,WHERE,WHEN

人物、事件、地點(diǎn)、時(shí)間ESTABLISHTHENEEDTOKNOW&IGNORETHENICETOKNOW!!!

建立必須知道的信息和省略次要的信息ThecrewarelikelytobeVERY

busy!Theywillprioritizetasks!

機(jī)組人員可能非常繁忙！他們將予以排列優(yōu)先任務(wù)！Theywill他們會(huì)

:-1.OPERATEtheaircraft&pletethedrills.繼續(xù)飛行并完成有關(guān)應(yīng)急程序

2.Navigate

導(dǎo)航

3.COMMUNICATEwithATC

然后與空中交通控制部通信TheFollowingMayBeofInteresttoNote也許可注意下列事項(xiàng)

Inthecockpit,timewill

“COMPRESS”

whereas,forthecontroller,itwillseemto

“EXPAND”

在駕駛艙內(nèi),時(shí)間是緊迫的，相對(duì)管制員的時(shí)間似乎是寬松的。

Talktothecrewbut

DONOT

hassle對(duì)機(jī)組人員談話但不要爭(zhēng)論

Observearequestto

“Standby”依從「等待」之請(qǐng)求Trytojotdowntimesofcontactsoastorationalize

“TimeDistortion”

設(shè)法記下聯(lián)絡(luò)的時(shí)間，以便對(duì)時(shí)間合理化，以免有誤差管制中的不正常情況共246頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第3頁(yè)!HANDLINGOFEMERGENCIESBYCONTROLLERS

管制員處理緊急事故FIRSTPRIORITIES:-優(yōu)先處理事項(xiàng)Establishdegreeofurgency(PANorMAYDAYnotjustan“emergency”)

確立緊急程度

(是緊急/

PAN/MAYDAY)Aircrafttype.飛機(jī)型號(hào)

Immediateassistancerequired.要求立即協(xié)助

Immediateintentionsofcrew.機(jī)組人員的意向

RESPONSE:-應(yīng)對(duì)AcknowledgePANorMAYDAY.表示收到無(wú)線電呼救信號(hào)

Iftheyareunsure,advisecrewofposition.

如果他們是不肯定的，告知機(jī)組人員位置所在

Offerimmediateoptions.提議實(shí)時(shí)的方案

管制中的不正常情況共246頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第4頁(yè)!SUBSEQUENTLY隨后EstablishtheNATUREoftheEmergency,preferablyanon-technicaldescription.

以非技術(shù)性的描述緊急狀態(tài)的本質(zhì)REMEMBER:Thecrewmaynotbeawareofthefullsituation,

備忘：機(jī)組人員可能未意識(shí)到全面的情況

e.g.theextentofanydamageorthefulleffectitwillhaveonaircrafthandling.如損壞的程度對(duì)航空器運(yùn)作的影響

A“flyby”mayberequiredbeforelandingtoestablishthefullextent/natureofanydamage.

有需要在降落之前作一次“飛越”以充分評(píng)估損壞的程度/本質(zhì)

管制中的不正常情況共246頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第5頁(yè)!IFTIME/SITUATIONALLOWS

如果在時(shí)間/情況容許之下Considerclearingthefrequency/actionstominimizefrequencychanges.

考慮清除無(wú)線電其它通信/使變動(dòng)頻率減到最小

Providefurtherinformation-navigationadvice.

提供進(jìn)一步信息—導(dǎo)航指示W(wǎng)eatherinformation.氣象信息

Informadjacentsectors/units,other

appropriateagenciesandsupervisor.

通知鄰近的扇區(qū)/單位、其它有關(guān)的機(jī)構(gòu)和主管

管制中的不正常情況共246頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第6頁(yè)!SPECIALCONSIDERATIONSFORCONTROLLERS管制員之特別考慮DOESTHECREWHAVELOCALKNOWLEDGE?

機(jī)組人員有沒(méi)有本土知識(shí)？Understress,languageproblemswiththecrewwillbegreater.ThisisaparticularprobleminHongKong.

機(jī)組人員通常在受壓力或語(yǔ)言的問(wèn)題影響較大。UseSTANDARD

phraseology.使用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)術(shù)語(yǔ)

AVOIDBUILTUPAREAS

避開集居地區(qū)Controllersshould,whenpossible,avoidtakingaircraftoverbuiltupareassuchasflyingovercities.

管制員應(yīng)該盡可能避免引領(lǐng)航空器到集居地區(qū)管制中的不正常情況共246頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第7頁(yè)!FACTORSAFFECTINGTYPESOFEMERGENCY

影響緊急程度的因素Remember:Notwoemergencieswilleverbethesame!Thesameemergencycandevelopandberesolvedinanentirelydifferentwayondifferentoccasionsbecausetherearesomanyvariablesthatcaneventuallyaffecttheoute.Thefollowingisalistofsomeofthefactorsthatmayaffecttheprogressandouteofparticularemergencies.

備忘：沒(méi)有緊急事故是完全一樣的！類似的緊急事故可發(fā)展成不同情況，因?yàn)橛刑嘧償?shù)可影響特殊緊急狀態(tài)的進(jìn)展和結(jié)果。見(jiàn)下面例子管制中的不正常情況共246頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第8頁(yè)!WhatisAbnormalsituation?11、通訊失效；(municationfailure)12、液壓系統(tǒng)故障；(hydraulicproblem)13、醫(yī)療救護(hù)；(sickpersonreported)14、儀表故障；(instrumentproblems)15、增壓系統(tǒng)故障；(pressurizationproblem)16、鳥擊；(birdstrike)17、ACAS/TCAS18、空中放油；(fueldumping)19、不利氣象條件；(badweather)20、地面事件；(groundincident)21、復(fù)飛；(missedapproach)22、活動(dòng)通報(bào)；(trafficinformation)23、最低引導(dǎo)高度和最低扇區(qū)高度。(MVA/MSA)管制中的不正常情況共246頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第9頁(yè)!BOMBWARNINGIntheeventofabombwarningtheairtrafficcontrolleristhemostdirectpointofcontactwiththepilotandcrew.Therefore,muchofthecoordinationandofficialcountermeasureplanningwillberelayedthroughthecontrollertalkingtothepilot.管制中的不正常情況共246頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第10頁(yè)!BOMBWARNINGATCCanExpecta:aircraftmaystopclimbingb:requestforimmediatelevelchangec:possiblelandingatnextsuitableairportd:aircraftearlyinlandingconfiguration,suchasloweringlandinggearandflaps管制中的不正常情況共246頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第11頁(yè)!BOMBWARNINGf:keepsafetystripclearnearlandingrunwayg:arrangeparkingawayfrombuilding&otheraircraft管制中的不正常情況共246頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第12頁(yè)!爆炸物威脅jetway廊橋（美）airbridge/loadingbridge廊橋passengergate登機(jī)口

terminal候機(jī)樓groundhandling地勤conveyor輸送帶servicetruck地面特種車輛airportpassengerbus/ferry擺渡車tug/towingtractor拖車towbar拖把groundpowerunit地面電源車cateringtruck食品車（配餐車）管制中的不正常情況共246頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第13頁(yè)!爆炸物威脅securityvan保安運(yùn)貨車icemelter除冰車coach大客車loadingfuel加油車hydrantdispenser管線加油車runwaysnowblower吹雪車sweeper清掃車管制中的不正常情況共246頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第14頁(yè)!Controlsysteminoperative

ATCactiontobetaken:ALWAYSINFORMYOURSUPERVISORIMMEDIATELYa:askthepilotmoreaboutthesystemtrouble(makeclearofwhattheproblemisandwhatwillhappen)b:asktheneedandintentionofpilotc:preparethepriorityoflandingd:informthealternateairport,ACCandAPPe:cleartheairspaceifneeded管制中的不正常情況共246頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第15頁(yè)!操縱系統(tǒng)故障thecontrolsurfaces操縱面flaps襟翼elevators升降舵spoilers擾流板noflaplanding無(wú)襟翼落地flapsetting襟翼位置選定thefullflapsposition全襟翼位置retracttheflaps收襟翼brakesareunreliable剎車不可靠boostedcontrol助力系統(tǒng)lever/stick/column桿knobs按鈕或旋鈕管制中的不正常情況共246頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第16頁(yè)!操縱系統(tǒng)故障機(jī)組通報(bào)情況:P:We’rehavingdifficultiesinmaintainingastraightcourse,airplanetendstodrifttotheright.Wedon’thavethesteeringproblemanymore.Theremustbesomethingwrongwiththeboostedcontrol.我們保持航跡有困難，飛機(jī)有右偏的趨勢(shì)。轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng)沒(méi)有問(wèn)題，可能是助力系統(tǒng)的問(wèn)題。P:Flapsandslatsarejammed.Wecan’textendbeyond15degrees.P:Flapsarejammed.Theywon’textendfurtherdownthan15degrees.襟翼卡阻，不能放下超過(guò)15度。P:Wehavefullflapsnow,itmaybealubricationproblem.現(xiàn)在我們可以放下全部襟翼了，也許是潤(rùn)滑的問(wèn)題。管制中的不正常情況共246頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第17頁(yè)!操縱系統(tǒng)故障P:Wehavetroublewiththeelevatorcontrol,itisshakingslightly,wewillkeepafasterapproachspeedonfinal.升降舵操縱系統(tǒng)故障，輕微抖動(dòng)，我們?cè)谖暹叡３稚源筮M(jìn)場(chǎng)速度。P:Theaircraftisrollingrightandleftupto20degrees.Somethingiswrongwiththeruddersystem.飛機(jī)左右搖晃20度，方向舵系統(tǒng)發(fā)生故障。P:Reversethrustandtheairbrakeshavefailed.反噴和減速板故障。

管制中的不正常情況共246頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第18頁(yè)!操作系統(tǒng)故障詢問(wèn)機(jī)組:C:Reportendurance.剩余油量還能飛多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間？C:

Reportyourintentions.報(bào)告你的意圖。C:HowmayIhelpyou?你需要我們做什么？C:Doyouneedtheemergencyequipment?你需要緊急救援設(shè)備嗎？C:Doyouneedanyadditionalassistance?你需要其它幫助嗎？C:Theemergencyequipmentisstandingby.緊急救援設(shè)備已經(jīng)準(zhǔn)備好。C:Requestnumberofpeopleonboard.請(qǐng)報(bào)告機(jī)上人數(shù)。管制中的不正常情況共246頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第19頁(yè)!Anti-icingsysteminoperativeATCactionstobeexpectedandtakenALWAYSINFORMYOURSUPERVISORa:aircraftmayneedimmediatechangeofleveland/orheadingb:cleartheairspaceifneededc:aircraftmaydescendsloworfastd:aircraftmayflyatahigherspeed管制中的不正常情況共246頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第20頁(yè)!除/防冰系統(tǒng)故障補(bǔ)充詞匯：nose,windshield,hatch,fuselage,belly；landinggear,nosegear,maingear)；wing(port=left,starboard=right),engine,cabin,aileron；flightdeck(cockpit),flap,slat,wingtip,winglet；tail[horizontal(vertical)stabilizer],fin；trimtab,rudder,elevator,exhaustnozzle；cargopartment,

skin,wheelwell,tank；leadingedge,trailingedge,autopilot管制中的不正常情況共246頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第21頁(yè)!除/防冰系統(tǒng)故障詢問(wèn)機(jī)組:C:Reportyourintentions.Whatdoyouwanttodo?報(bào)告你的意圖。C:HowcanIhelpyou?你需要我們做什么？C:Doyouneedanymorehelp?你需要其它幫助嗎？指揮機(jī)組下降高度:C:DescendtoFL210toavoidtheicingarea,reportreaching.可以下降到兩萬(wàn)一千英尺避開結(jié)冰區(qū)域，到達(dá)報(bào)告。管制中的不正常情況共246頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第22頁(yè)!ElectricalproblemLossofelectricalpowerisanemergencysituation.Eventhoughmostaircraftcanstillfunctiononreducedpower,apossiblepletepowerfailuremustbeexpected.Therefore,partialfailureisalsotreatedasanemergency.Whenapilotreportstheaircrafttobeonstandbypower,remembermostaircraftwillhavebatterysuppliedelectricalpowerforonly20-30minutes,sourgentactionbyATCisrequired管制中的不正常情況共246頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第23頁(yè)!ElectricalproblemIncaseofallgeneratorfailurebutbatterycanbeusedthebatterywillnotberechargedandsupplywillbeverylimited.Onlythenavigationinstrumentswillbeworking,andeventhesemaybelimited.Systemaffectedbyelectricalpowersupply:Electronicdevices:transponders,puters,controlsandindicator、sensors;Electricalheating:galley,anti-icingLighting:cockpit,cabin,exteriorMechanicalpower:pumps,valves.管制中的不正常情況共246頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第24頁(yè)!ElectricalproblemATCactiontobetakena:givethepilotsuitablenearestairportb:givethepilotrunwaydetailsassoonaspossible,suchasthelengthandwidth.c:informthepilotofsuitablevectorsandpositioninformation管制中的不正常情況共246頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第25頁(yè)!ElectricalproblemATCactiontobedoneifallaircraftgeneratorshavefaileda:avoidallrequeststothepilot,b:phrasingATCmessagesothatthepilotcananswerthemwithaclickonthemicrophonebuttonorjust“roger”,“affirm”c:givingradarvectorsandpositioninformationtopilot管制中的不正常情況共246頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第26頁(yè)!電力系統(tǒng)故障powerfailureshortly瞬時(shí)斷電ACgenerator交流發(fā)電機(jī)fuse保險(xiǎn)絲blownoutfuse觸斷保險(xiǎn)絲lead連線、引線thebusbar匯流條warningflagsorlight警告信號(hào)/燈disconnect斷開shortcircuit短路rectifier整流器管制中的不正常情況共246頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第27頁(yè)!電力系統(tǒng)故障詢問(wèn)機(jī)組:C:Reportyourintentions.報(bào)告你的意圖。C:HowcanIhelpyou?你需要我們做什么？C:Doyouneedanymorehelp?你需要其它幫助嗎管制中的不正常情況共246頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第28頁(yè)!EnginefailureREMEMBERALWAYSINFORMYOURSUPERVISORIMMEDIATELYEnginefailuremaybecausedbyhydraulicorelectricalproblems,birdstrike,engineonfire,fuelproblems,lowoilpressure,icing,ingestionofdebris,orpiloterror.Theeffectsofanenginefailureareinfluenced

bythefollowingfactors:Atwhatstageoftheaircraft'sflightdoesthefailureoccur?

Isitduringdepartureorcruise?

Howmanyenginesdoestheaircrafthave?

Isitsingleengineormulti-engine?管制中的不正常情況共246頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第29頁(yè)!Enginefailureb:Enginefailureduringcruise管制中的不正常情況共246頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第30頁(yè)!Enginefailure6:pressurizationproblems7:fueldumping8:forcedlanding9:blockedrunwayafterlanding管制中的不正常情況共246頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第31頁(yè)!發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)故障通話關(guān)鍵詞:enginefailure發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)失效enginetrouble發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)故障engineflameout發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)熄火engineshutdown發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)停車enginefeathered發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)順漿enginesurge發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)喘振enginerunsrough發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)工作不平穩(wěn)enginerunssmoothly發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)工作平穩(wěn)管制中的不正常情況共246頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第32頁(yè)!發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)故障engineislowonpower發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)馬力低loudthump很大的響聲vibrations振動(dòng)lowrumble發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)發(fā)出低沉的響聲loudbangs發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)放炮prioritylanding優(yōu)先著陸birdingestion鳥擊warninglightflashing告警燈閃爍boostpump增壓泵管制中的不正常情況共246頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第33頁(yè)!發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)故障機(jī)組通報(bào)情況:P:Take-offabortedbecausenopoweronengineNo.3.我們中斷起飛了，因?yàn)槿?hào)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)沒(méi)有動(dòng)力。P:EngineNo.1isoverheating,probablyduetobirdingestionontake-off,requestprioritylandingatrunway36R.

一發(fā)超溫，可能是在起飛時(shí)鳥吸入發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)，請(qǐng)求用36R跑道優(yōu)先著陸。P:No.3enginefeatheredunabletocontinueclimb,levelingat3600m.三發(fā)順槳，不能繼續(xù)爬高，3600米保持。P:Enginestartertrouble.發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)啟動(dòng)機(jī)故障。

管制中的不正常情況共246頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第34頁(yè)!發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)故障P:Starboardengineflamedout.Wearetrouble-shooting.P:Portengineflamedout右發(fā)（左發(fā)）熄火，正在排除故障。

P:WehaveafuelleakinNo.4engine.

第四發(fā)漏油。

P:WehaveshutdownNo.4engine,duetoafuellineleak.

已關(guān)掉第四號(hào)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)，因油管漏油。

P:Seriousfuelleak.

嚴(yán)重漏油。

P:Fuelboostpumpinrightmaintankisinoperative.

右主油箱燃油增壓泵失效。

P:FuelflowindicatorofNo.3engineoutofoperationbutwefoundNo.3engineworkingnormally.第三發(fā)燃油油量顯示失效（擺動(dòng)），但發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)工作正常。管制中的不正常情況共246頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第35頁(yè)!發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)故障詢問(wèn)機(jī)組:C:Canyoumaintainyourlevel?你能保持高度嗎？C:Whichengineisintrouble?哪臺(tái)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)有故障？C:Reportyourintentions.報(bào)告你的意圖。C:Canyouacceptaradarvector?你能接受正常的雷達(dá)引導(dǎo)嗎?C:Whataltitudeandspeedwouldyoulike?你希望什么樣的高度和速度？管制中的不正常情況共246頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第36頁(yè)!發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)故障C:Doyouneedanyadditionalassistance?你需要其它幫助嗎？C:Theemergencyequipmentisstandingby.緊急救援設(shè)備已經(jīng)準(zhǔn)備好。C:Reportregistrationnumberofyouraircraft.請(qǐng)報(bào)告你的航空器注冊(cè)號(hào)。C:Requestnumberofpeopleonboard.請(qǐng)報(bào)告機(jī)上人數(shù)。管制中的不正常情況共246頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第37頁(yè)!發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)故障實(shí)例：1P:PAN-PAN,PAN-PAN,PAN-PAN,AirChina366,wehavelostnumberthreeengine.C:AirChina366,ShanghaiControl,copyPAN-PAN,howmayIassistyou?P:AirChina366,requestvectortoShanghai,runway36forlandingandemergencyequipmentready.C:AirChina366,roger,turnrightheading340forvectortotheILSRunway36Approach,descendandmaintain3000meterswhenready.P:ShanghaiApproach,AirChina366isreturning,numberthreeengineisshutdown.Pleasehavetheemergencyequipmentstandby.C:ShanghaiApproach,wilco.PAN-PAN,PAN-PAN,PAN-PAN-indicatesanurgentcondition,oneofbeingconcernedaboutsafety,andrequiringtimelyBUTNOTimmediateassistance.

管制中的不正常情況共246頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第38頁(yè)!WindshieldproblemACTIONbyATCandExpectedactionbypilotIMMEDIATELYTELLYOURSUPERVISORa:emergencydescentispossibleb:depressionispossiblec:forcedlanding—maybeormaybenotd:fueldumpingispossible管制中的不正常情況共246頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第39頁(yè)!風(fēng)擋問(wèn)題通話關(guān)鍵詞:thewindscreen(windshield)風(fēng)擋windshieldproblemWindshieldproblem風(fēng)擋問(wèn)題windshieldisicedover風(fēng)擋完全結(jié)冰birdstrike鳥擊depression失壓oxygenmasks氧氣面罩

管制中的不正常情況共246頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第40頁(yè)!風(fēng)擋問(wèn)題機(jī)組通報(bào)情況:P:Itlookslikeourwindshield’sicedover.Doestheweatherservice{Met}confirmsevereicinginthearea?我們的風(fēng)擋被冰覆蓋了。這個(gè)區(qū)域是否有嚴(yán)重積冰？P:Outerwindshieldpanelhasbeencrackedbyhailstonesorlightning,becauseweheardathump.我們的風(fēng)擋好像被冰雹或閃電擊碎，因?yàn)槲覀兟牭街負(fù)袈暋:Firstofficerwindshieldwassmasheddueunknownforeignobjectstrike.副駕駛的風(fēng)擋玻璃被不明外來(lái)物擊碎。管制中的不正常情況共246頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第41頁(yè)!風(fēng)擋問(wèn)題詢問(wèn)機(jī)組:C:Reportyourintentions.報(bào)告你的意圖。C:Doyouhaveadepressionproblem?是否有失壓?jiǎn)栴}？C:Whataltitudeandspeedwouldyoulike?你希望什么樣的高度和速度？C:HowcanIhelpyou?你需要我們做什么？C:Doyouintendtodumpfuelorholdtoburnfuelbeforelanding?C:Doyouwanttojettisonfuel?C:Doyouwanttowastefuelbeforelanding?C:Doyouwanttoconsumefuelbeforelanding?你準(zhǔn)備在落地前放油或盤旋耗油嗎？C:Doyouneedanymorehelp?你需要其它幫助嗎？管制中的不正常情況共246頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第42頁(yè)!Unlawfulinterferenceb:Theactionagainstahijackerarelimited,becausetheinitialintensionsofthehijackerisunknown.c:calmnessofcrewandcontrollersisnecessarytoavoidmoreriskandprovokingthehijacker.管制中的不正常情況共246頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第43頁(yè)!Unlawfulinterferenced:thecrewmayhaveproblemsaskingATCforinstructionandadvice.e:thehijackingmaybeeknowntoATCbytheinformationpassedbycrewcovertly.f:pilotsmaynotplywithgiveninstructionsandATCcanexpectsuddencourseandleveldeviations.Pilotsmaynottalk.管制中的不正常情況共246頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第44頁(yè)!Unlawfulinterferencee:transmitimportantinformationwithoutexpectingreplyf:monitorallflightactionsandcleartheairspaceg:collectanynecessaryinformation,forexample:destinationairport,WXsituation,routing,etc.h:keepsafetystripcleari:arrangeparkingaircraftawayfrombuildings&otheraircraft管制中的不正常情況共246頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第45頁(yè)!劫持補(bǔ)充詞匯：slipstream,rubberpulsatingboot;electricelement;atmosphericpressure,MSL,cabinpressure;airpressor,heatexchanger,galley,oven;oxygenmask,DC,AC,alternator,APU;headwind,tailwind,crosswind,throttle,noisesensitivemunities,horsepower,inbound/outboundtraffic;airdensity;decisionspeed(velocityone),takeoffspeed(velocityR);管制中的不正常情況共246頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第46頁(yè)!劫持P:We’rebeinghijacked,theguywantsustolandinXYZ,butwe’llhavetorefuelatNanjingairport,requestimmediatedescent.我們被劫持，這家伙要我們降落XYZ，但我們需要在南京加油，請(qǐng)求立即下降。C:Roger,descendto6000m,canwepassanymessagetoXYZ.

明白，下降到6000米，如有電報(bào)我們可以轉(zhuǎn)到XYZ。P:Thehijackerwants700,000USdollarsincash,therewillhavetobeacarwaitingforhimattheendofrunway,hesayshe’llhavetokeep2passengersashostagesandhewillshootthemifthepoliceattempttocatchhim.

這家伙（劫持者）需要現(xiàn)金七十萬(wàn)美金，有一輛汽車在跑道頭等他，他說(shuō)：他將扣留兩名旅客做人質(zhì)，如警察企圖抓他，他就向人質(zhì)開槍。管制中的不正常情況共246頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第47頁(yè)!劫持詢問(wèn)意圖及要求:C:ConfirmsquawkingA7500?證實(shí)應(yīng)答機(jī)7500？C:Didyoudeclarehijacking?

你聲明被劫持了嗎？

C:Reportyourintentions.報(bào)告你的意圖。C:HowcanIhelpyou?你需要我們做什么？管制中的不正常情況共246頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第48頁(yè)!劫持C:Doyouneedtheemergencyequipment?你需要緊急救援設(shè)備嗎？C:Doyouwantanyadditionalhelp?你需要其它幫助嗎？C:Theemergencyequipmentisstandingby.緊急救援設(shè)備已經(jīng)準(zhǔn)備好。管制中的不正常情況共246頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第49頁(yè)!SmokeorfireinthecockpitEXPECTa:ifsmokeisuncontrolled,rapidrateofdescentbelow10,000ft,ortoMSAb:radarvectortolandatthenearestsuitableairportc:runwaywillpossiblybeblockedafterlanding管制中的不正常情況共246頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第50頁(yè)!SmokeorfireinthecockpitATCactionstobetakena:informyoursupervisorimmediatelyb:informlandingairportACC,APPorTOWERc:askifdangerouscargoonboardd:askfornumberofpeopleonboarde:clearingtheairspaceandrunwayf:keepsafetystripclearh:checkapproachandrunwaylightingsystem管制中的不正常情況共246頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第51頁(yè)!空中失火通話關(guān)鍵詞:pilot’scabin駕駛艙cockpitorflightdeck駕駛艙passengercabin客艙rearcabin后艙toiletcabin衛(wèi)生間baggagehold行李艙firewarning火警cargopartment貨艙extinguisher滅火器evacuation撤離，疏散管制中的不正常情況共246頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第52頁(yè)!空中失火P:Smokewasdetectedintherearcargopartment,extinguisherhasbeenused.探明后艙有煙霧，我們已使用滅火器。P:Threepassengersareseriouslyburned.三名旅客被嚴(yán)重?zé)齻:Wegotadeckfire,we’llexecuteemergencyevacuationafterlanding.座艙失火，我們要在落地后實(shí)施緊急撤離。P:MAYDAY,MAYDAY,MAYDAY,CCA109,abortedtakeoff,engineonfire,requestemergencyassistance.險(xiǎn)情！國(guó)航109，中止起飛，發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)失火，請(qǐng)求緊急援助。管制中的不正常情況共246頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第53頁(yè)!空中失火詢問(wèn)機(jī)組:C:Reportyourintentions.報(bào)告你的意圖。C:HowcanIhelpyou?你需要我們做什么？C:Doyouintendtodumpfuelbeforelanding?你需要在落地前放油嗎？管制中的不正常情況共246頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第54頁(yè)!空中失火實(shí)例：P:Nanjingapproach,HDA686,ourcabinisonfire.C:HDA686,Nanjingapproach,reportfirepositionandcondition.P:Therearaislecarpetisonfire.Someonesetfiretothegasolineinacan,HDA686.C:HDA686We’veinformedfirefighting.P:Theillegalguyhasbeenarrested.Firehasbeenputoutbythepassengersandflightattendants,HDA686C:HDA686Roger,Doyouwishtodeclareanemergency?

管制中的不正常情況共246頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第55頁(yè)!GearproblemATCactionstobetakenWhatdoyoudoifyoucan’tfindasupervisor?a:askthepilotquestionstounderstandtheproblemclearlyb:cleartheairspaceandrunwayc:prioritytolandd:radarvectorforfueldumpingorconsumingfuel管制中的不正常情況共246頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第56頁(yè)!起落架故障通話關(guān)鍵詞:landinggear起落架gearlocked起落架鎖定thewheeldoors輪艙門burst爆破aflattire撒氣的輪胎extendorretractthegear放下/收起落架crankthegeardown人工放下起落架appearsdownorup看上去已放下/收上lowpass低空通場(chǎng)bellylanding機(jī)腹著陸foamcarpet泡沫毯管制中的不正常情況共246頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第57頁(yè)!起落架故障機(jī)組報(bào)告:P:We’rehavingdifficultieswiththelandinggear.P:Wehaveundercarriagetrouble,wewouldliketoovershoot.

起落架故障，我們?cè)敢鈴?fù)飛。

P:Wehaveanemergencynow.We’reunabletolowerextendthenosewheel.We’dliketomakealowpasssothatyoucancheckwhetherthenosewheelisdown.

我們有緊急情況，無(wú)法放下前輪。我們打算低空飛越，以便你證實(shí)前輪放下P:Wehavetroubleextendingthelandinggear.我們放不下起落架。管制中的不正常情況共246頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第58頁(yè)!起落架故障了解故障情況、機(jī)組意圖及建議:C:Reportyourintentions.報(bào)告你的意圖。C:Doyouintendtomakeanotherapproachorholdsomewhere?你想再接著做一次進(jìn)近，還是到別的地方等待？C:Reportendurance.C:Reportfuelremainingintime.剩余油量還能飛多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間？C:Suggestyoumakealowpassforavisualcheck.建議低空通場(chǎng)目視檢查。C:Doyouwanttolandontheconcreterunwayoronthegrassrunway?

你需要在水泥跑道上降落還是在草地跑道降落？

管制中的不正常情況共246頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第59頁(yè)!起落架故障機(jī)組報(bào)告情況及意圖:P:We’dliketoholdoverHURtomakefurtherchecks.我們希望到HUR等待，做進(jìn)一步檢查。P:I’llhavetoholdforawhiletosortthisout.我要盤旋等待以便找出原因。P:We’dliketomakealowpasssothatyoucancheckifthenosewheelisdown.我要低空通場(chǎng)以便你們幫我檢查前輪是否放下。P:Requestlowpassforvisualcheck.請(qǐng)求低空通場(chǎng)做目視檢查。管制中的不正常情況共246頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第60頁(yè)!起落架故障管制員指令:C:ProceedtoHUR,holdaspublished,maintain2100meters,reportcheckpleted.直飛HUR,保持2100米加入標(biāo)準(zhǔn)等待程序，檢查完畢報(bào)告。C:Clearedlowpassrunway36R,notbelow150meters,reportfinal.可以低空通過(guò)36R跑道，不要低于150米，五邊報(bào)告。C:Makethelowpassontheleft-handsideoftherunway36R.I’llkeepyouadvised.在36R跑道左側(cè)低空通過(guò)，我將保持與你聯(lián)系。C:Clearedfortouchandgoonrunway36R.可以在36R跑道做一個(gè)觸地拉升。C:Clearedtolandatpilot’sowndiscretiononthesoftgrassateastoftherunway.可以由機(jī)長(zhǎng)自行決定在跑道東面柔軟的草地降落。

管制中的不正常情況共246頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第61頁(yè)!起落架故障機(jī)組報(bào)告檢查情況:P:Checkpleted.Ithinkgearisstilljammed,butI’mnotquitepositiveaboutit.檢查完畢。機(jī)輪仍然卡著，但我不能十分肯定。P:Nosewheelstillappearstobejammed.前輪好像仍然卡著。P:We’reunabletocranklandinggeardown.我們無(wú)法搖下起落架。管制中的不正常情況共246頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第62頁(yè)!起落架故障2.詢問(wèn)是否需要放油或盤旋耗油:C:Checkyourlandingweight.檢查你的著陸重量。C:Doyouintendtodumpfuelorholdtowastefuelbeforelanding?你準(zhǔn)備在落地前放油或盤旋耗油嗎？管制中的不正常情況共246頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第63頁(yè)!起落架故障C:Runwayisbeingfoamed,expectapproachshortly.跑道上正在鋪設(shè)泡沫毯，很快就可以進(jìn)近。C:Thefoamcarpetis900mafterthethreshold,itis15mwideand800mlong,reportestablishedonthelocalizer.

泡沫墊在跑道入口端以后900米，15米寬，800米長(zhǎng)，對(duì)準(zhǔn)航向時(shí)報(bào)告。C:Haveathoroughcheckbeforelanding.

著落前請(qǐng)徹底地檢查一下。

C:Sorry,thefoamcarpetserviceisnotavailableatthisairport,suggestyouproceedtoyouralternateairport.很遺憾，我們機(jī)場(chǎng)泡沫地毯設(shè)備（沒(méi)有泡沫噴射設(shè)備）使用不了，請(qǐng)飛往備降機(jī)場(chǎng)。

管制中的不正常情況共246頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第64頁(yè)!起落架故障4.詢問(wèn)機(jī)組是否有足夠復(fù)飛的油量：C:Confirmyouhaveenoughfueltoovershoot?證實(shí)是否有足夠的油復(fù)飛。C:Reportyourenduranceplease.請(qǐng)告你的續(xù)航時(shí)間。

管制中的不正常情況共246頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第65頁(yè)!FuelproblemATCactionstobetakena:informyoursupervisorb:keeptheaircraftatahighleveltosavefuelc:checkforasuitableairportimmediatelyd:informthelandingairportACC,APP,orTWRe:askifdangerousgoodsareonboard管制中的不正常情況共246頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第66頁(yè)!燃油問(wèn)題通話關(guān)鍵詞:fuelleak漏燃油gettinglowonfuel低燃油告警fuellines燃油管路joints接頭fuelshut-offlevers切斷油路操縱桿fuelpressureindicators油壓表aviationgradepetrol航空等級(jí)燃油rubberysealant橡膠密封劑fuel-tightpartment密封艙electricorair-drivenboosterpump電動(dòng)或風(fēng)動(dòng)增壓泵管制中的不正常情況共246頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第67頁(yè)!燃油問(wèn)題機(jī)組通報(bào)情況:P:Wearerunningshortoffuelbecauseweheldforonehourduetofog.我們油量不夠了，因?yàn)槲覀冇捎诖箪F已經(jīng)等待了一個(gè)小時(shí)。P:Fuelwarninglightisonduetoholding,requestprioritylanding.因?yàn)榈却加途鏌袅?，?qǐng)求優(yōu)先著陸。P:FuellevelisgoingdownontheNo.1tank.一號(hào)油箱指示燃油量下降。P:Requestprioritylandingduetofuelleakonleftwing.由于左翼漏油，請(qǐng)求優(yōu)先著陸。管制中的不正常情況共246頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第68頁(yè)!燃油問(wèn)題機(jī)組要求:P:Requestprioritylandingonrunway36R.請(qǐng)求用36R跑道優(yōu)先著陸。P:RequestdiverttoTianjinairport.請(qǐng)求備降天津。P:WeareingbackduetoNo.2engineflamedoutafteringestingsomebirds,requestdumpinginstructions.第二發(fā)吸鳥熄火，我們正回場(chǎng)，請(qǐng)求放油指令。管制中的不正常情況共246頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第69頁(yè)!CommunicationfailureREMEMBERCommunicationfailurecanoriginatewithaircraftorATC,orboth.Therearedifferenttypes:a:transmitbutnotreceiveb:receivebutnottransmitc:sendcarrierwavesonly.ThisiscalledNON-VERBALorSPEECHLESSmunication管制中的不正常情況共246頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第70頁(yè)!Communicationfailured:ifbeingradarvectored.orproceedingoffsetaccordingtoRNAVwithoutspecifiedlimit,e:theaircraftwillproceedinthemostdirectmannertorejointhecurrentflightplanroutenotlaterthanthenextsignificantpoint,takingintoconsiderationtheminimumsafealtitude.管制中的不正常情況共246頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第71頁(yè)!Communicationfailure管制中的不正常情況共246頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第72頁(yè)!Communicationfailured:establishiftheaircrafthasaworkingtransmitter&receivere:ifthefrequencyisblocked,establishthesource(groundorairborne)f:maintainseparationg:informallunitsconcerned管制中的不正常情況共246頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第73頁(yè)!通訊失效

通話:機(jī)組盲發(fā)：P:Transmittingblindduetoreceiverfailure…nexttransmissionat(time).我們因?yàn)榻邮諜C(jī)故障盲發(fā)…，下次發(fā)送時(shí)間…

請(qǐng)其他機(jī)組轉(zhuǎn)報(bào)：P:IwillestablishmunicationwithGZZACCon135.5tellthemIamtransmittingintheblind.請(qǐng)?jiān)凇l率與…聯(lián)系，告訴他…管制中的不正常情況共246頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第74頁(yè)!通訊失效無(wú)應(yīng)答機(jī)：C:Replynotreceived,ifyoureadturnrighthead060.沒(méi)有收到回答，如果能收到右轉(zhuǎn)航向060。C:Turnobserved,position10kmnorthofVYK,willcontinuetopassinstructions.看到轉(zhuǎn)彎了,現(xiàn)在位置大王莊以北10公里，我將繼續(xù)發(fā)送指令。當(dāng)通訊狀況不穩(wěn)定時(shí):C:Ifradiocontactlost,(instructions)如果無(wú)線電聯(lián)絡(luò)中斷（具體指令）C:Ifnotransmissionsreceivedfor(number)minutes/seconds,(instructions)如（時(shí)間）內(nèi)未收到指令,（具體指令）。管制中的不正常情況共246頁(yè)，您現(xiàn)在瀏覽的是第75頁(yè)!通訊失效實(shí)例：2C:Aircraftsquawking7600,Beiji