中考名詞專練

精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-----傾情為你奉上精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-----傾情為你奉上專心---專注---專業(yè)專心---專注---專業(yè)精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-----傾情為你奉上專心---專注---專業(yè)名詞考點(diǎn)摘要：名詞的定義：

名詞是表示人、事物、地點(diǎn)，現(xiàn)象以及其他抽象概念的詞。如：man,radio,difficulty等。名詞的分類：

名詞可以根據(jù)其意義分為專有名詞和普通名詞。

名詞按照其所表示的事物的性質(zhì)有可以分為可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞。名詞的數(shù)：

（一）可數(shù)名詞

可數(shù)名詞有單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)兩種形式。

1.單數(shù)名詞表示一個(gè)可數(shù)的事物。在使用時(shí)，前面一般加不定冠詞a或an。

2.復(fù)數(shù)名詞表示大于1個(gè)以上的可數(shù)事物。

(1)可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式的規(guī)則變化及讀音如下表所示：

情況構(gòu)成方法讀音例詞一般情況在詞尾加上-s1.-s在清輔音后發(fā)/s/2.–s在濁輔音和元音后發(fā)/z/1.desk—>desksmap—>maps2.dog—>dogsday—>days以s,x,ch,sh結(jié)尾的名詞在詞尾加上-es-es發(fā)/iz/bus—>busesbox—>boxeswatch—>watchesdish—>dishes以ce,se,ze,(d)ge結(jié)尾的名詞在詞尾加上-s-s發(fā)/iz/face—>facesnurse—>nursesprize—>prizesorange—>oranges以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的名詞把y變?yōu)閕再加-es-ies發(fā)/iz/story—>storiesfamily—>families以f或fe結(jié)尾的名詞把f或fe變?yōu)関再加上es-ves發(fā)/vz/knife—>knivesleaf—>leavesthief—>thieveshalf—>halves以o結(jié)尾的名詞以輔音+o結(jié)尾，在詞尾加上-es以元音+o結(jié)尾或外來詞，在詞尾加上-s

但是有些并不規(guī)則

（簡(jiǎn)單的記憶：兩人(hero,negro)兩菜(potato,tomato)一回聲(echo)這五個(gè)單詞的復(fù)數(shù)是加-es，其余的是加-s.）-es發(fā)/z/-s發(fā)/z/1.photo—>photostomato—>tomatoes2.zoo—>zoos

radio—>radios

piano—>pianos

photo—>photos（2）可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式的不規(guī)則變化：

①少數(shù)名詞有不規(guī)則的復(fù)數(shù)形式，如man—>men，woman—>women，foot—>feet，goose—>geese，tooth—>teeth，child—>children，mouse—>mice等。②有些名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式相同，如sheep—>sheep，deer—>deer，Chinese—>Chinese，Japanese—>Japanese，means—>means等

③有些名詞形式上是單數(shù)，實(shí)際為復(fù)數(shù)意義。通常被稱為復(fù)數(shù)名詞，如：people，police等。

④由-man和-woman構(gòu)成的合成詞，其復(fù)數(shù)形式也是-men和-women，如Frenchman—>Frenchmen，Englishwoman—>Englishwomen，但是German不是合成詞，其復(fù)數(shù)形式為Germans。另外，man，woman作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，他的單復(fù)數(shù)形式與它所修飾的名詞保持一致，如：mandriver—>mendrivers，womanteacher—>womenteachers等。⑤有些名詞只有復(fù)數(shù)形式，如：clothes，trousers，glasses，chopsticks等。⑥數(shù)詞+名詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，常采用

i.數(shù)詞+單數(shù)名詞形式。如atwo-weekholiday。

ii.數(shù)詞+名詞's(或：數(shù)詞+名詞s’)如atwoweeks’holiday。⑦只用作單數(shù)的復(fù)數(shù)形式的名詞有：學(xué)科名稱，如mahts，physics；游戲名稱，如：bowls；專有名詞，如theUnitedStates，NiagaraFalls；其它名詞，如：news等。（二）不可數(shù)名詞不可數(shù)名詞沒有單復(fù)數(shù)形式，要表示不可數(shù)名詞的數(shù)量，可以用以下兩種方法。用much，alittle，alotof(=lotsof),some,any,plentyof等修飾。如：

Therichmanhasalotofmoney.

Thereissomemilkinthebottles.

Isthereanywaterintheglass?

Idon’tlikewinterbecausethere’stoomuchsnowandice.

ThereisplentyofwaterinsouthernChina.用量詞。如：twocupsoftea,fourpiecesofpaper.名詞所有格

名詞的所有格用來表示人或物的所有關(guān)系。所有格的構(gòu)成有以下幾種形式。

（一）有生命名詞的所有格

1.單數(shù)名詞后加’s，如mymother'sbirthday,theboy’sbook等.

2.不以s結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞后加’s，如theChildren'sPalace,women’sroom等.

3.以s結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)后加’,如theteachers’office,thetwins’room等。

4.并列名詞各有所屬時(shí)，在兩個(gè)名詞之后都加’s，如Mary’sandTom’sfather(兩個(gè)爸爸)。并列名詞有共同所屬時(shí)，只在最后一個(gè)名詞后加’s，如MaryandTom’sfather(同一個(gè)爸爸)。

（二）無(wú)生命名詞的所有格

1.通常用“of+名詞”的形式，如apictureofmine,amapofChina.

2.表示特定時(shí)間，距離，集體，城市，國(guó)家，機(jī)構(gòu)等所屬的名詞，可以用’s來表示所有關(guān)系，如today’snewspaper,tenminutes’walk。知識(shí)鏈接：?jiǎn)螖?shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)形式；可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式；集體名詞做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，如果強(qiáng)調(diào)整個(gè)集體這一個(gè)概念，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，如果強(qiáng)調(diào)組成集體的成員，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)：如：Class10haveagoodtimeinthemountains.Class10isthebestclassinourschool.hair,fruit常用單數(shù)表示總稱，但表示“若干根頭發(fā)”，“若干種水果”，則用復(fù)數(shù)。如：afewhairs意為：“幾根頭發(fā)”，manykindsoffruits意為“許多種水果”。選擇題：Itisfiveyearssincewebegantoenjoya________springholidayeacyear.

A.ten-day B.tenday C.tenday’s D.ten-daysAstherewherenotenoughchairsinthepark,theyhadtositonthe________.

A.ground B.earth C.land D.fieldTakeiteasy.Thereisstill_______timeleft.

A.little B.alittle C.few D.afewBethhasabeautiful_________.Listen!Sheissingingverywell.

A.voice B.look C.sound D.smell----Ihearyouhavetogetupearlyeverymorning.

----Right.It’soneofthe_________inmyfamily.

A.plans B.orders C.rules D.suggestions----Whosekeyisthis?

----Isit__________?Sheislookingforitontheplayground.

A.Tom’s B.Kate's C.Tom D.KateTherearetwo_________inthecity.

A.car’sfactory B.car’sfactories C.factoriesofcars D.carfactoriesHedroppedthe_________andbrokeit.

A.cupofcoffee B.coffee’s C.cupforcoffee D.coffeecupWecangetmuch______fromtheprogramsonCCTV10.

A.ideas B.information C.photos D.stories----DoyouknowMrSmith?

----Yes,heisafriendof__________.

A.Lucy’suncle B.Lucy’suncle’s C.uncle’sofLucy D.Lucyuncle’s----Whatcanyouseeoverthere?

----Oh,Isee_______areeatinggrass.

A.manysheep B.manysheeps C.thesheeps D.muchsheepIt’sraining.Wouldyoupleasmake________forthestudentsoutside?

A.place B.spaces C.room D.seats----WhatcanIdoforyou?

----Iwanttobuysome______clothes.

A.man’s B.news C.men D.men’sThiskindoftreehasgreen______allaroundtheyear.

A.leaf B.leafs C.leaves D.leaveWeare_________andyoutwoare__________.

A.Chinese;Germans B.Chinese;Germen

C.Chinese;Germen D.Chineses;GermmansJuliewenttothe________shoptobuy________.

A.shoes;shoes B.shoe;shoes C.shoe;shoe D.shoes;shoeThemaninblackis_________.

A.afriendofmyfather B.myfather’sfriends

C.afriendofmyfather’s C.myfatherfriendOurEnglishteachergaveus________onEnglishlearning.

A.aadvice B.anadvice C.someadvice D.someadvices----Wouldyoulike________?

----Thankyou,butI'mnotthirty.

A.somesandwiches B.somecakes C.somebread D.someorange----Wherearetheboystudents?

----Theyareplayingfootballontheplayground.

A.boysstudents B.boystudents C.boystudent D.boysstudent----Howsoonshallwestartthebiketrip?

----___________.

A.Infiveday’stime B.Infivedays’time C.Infivedaystime D.ForfivedaysThereare51________inourschool.

A.womanteacher B.womenteacher C.womenteachers D.womanteachersIhavemade_______withBilly.

A.friends B.friend C.afriend D.thefriendI’llbuy__________trousers.

A.a B.two C.apairof D.apieceof----Areyousureyoudon'twanttogotothemoviestonight?

----Ican’t.Ihave_____todo.

A.muchhomework’s B.toomuchhomework

C.Toomanyhomework D.toomanyhomework’sGrandpawasillyesterday,andhehad_________sleep.

A.anightbad B.anight’s C.abadnight D.abadnight’s----WhatdoesVictorusuallydoafterschool?

----Hejustplayscomputergames________,doingnothingelse.

A.onceuponatime B.moreorless C.hourafterhour D.fromnowon----Whoarefishingoverthere?

----________.

A.Brown’s B.Brown C.TheBrowns D.TheBrownJackhadatoothache.Sothedentisttookoutoneofhis_________.

A.teeth B.tooth C.tooths D.teethsWritingarticlesinEnglishisnot_______.

A.easyjobs B.aneasyjob C.theeasywork D.aneasywork.March8this________Day.

A.Woman’s B.Women’s C.Womans’ D.Womens'__________mothersbothworkinthesamehospital.

A.TimandPeter’s B.Tim’sandPeter C.Tim’sandPeter’sD.TimandPeter_________are__________forcuttingthings.

A.Knife,used B.Knives,using C.Knife,using D.knives,used----Howfarisitfromhere?

----About________walk.

A.tenminutes B.tenminutes’ C.tenminute’s D.tenminuteIdon'tknowthatman,butIthinkheis_________father.

A.LucyandLily’s B.Lucy’sandLily C.Lucy’sandLily’sD.LucyandLilyShewasborninHangzhou,butWenzhouhasbecomehissecond__________.

A.family B.hometown C.house D.countryTwelve_________werehurt,butno______werelostinthataccident.

A.person,life B.people,lives C.peoples,lives D.persons,life單詞拼寫：Therearealotof________(綿羊)eatinggrassonthegrassland.Therearetwo___________(嬰兒)inthepicture.Therearetwo___________(嬰兒)dogsinthepicture.These______________(手表)aremadeby___________(德國(guó)人)There’ssomeamazing___________(消息)intoday’snewspaper.Therearesixty-five_________________(女)doctorsinthishospital.Tomhashadhistwo____________(牙齒)pulledout.Hisfatheris