2023屆高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)：狀語(yǔ)從句精品講義

狀語(yǔ)從句狀語(yǔ)從句在句中作狀語(yǔ)，修飾主句中的動(dòng)詞形容詞或副詞。狀語(yǔ)從句放主句之前，通常用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)；放在主句之后則不用。狀語(yǔ)從句按照其意義和作用可分為時(shí)間，條件，原因，讓步，目的，結(jié)果，方式，比較，地點(diǎn)共9種。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句一般不用將來(lái)時(shí)，如果主句為將來(lái)，我們用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)來(lái)代替。表示一。。。就。。。的句型有assoonas,themoment(theyear,theday,theminute)immediately(instantly,directly)hardly…when,nosooner…than其中hardly…when,nosooner…than句型注意1：時(shí)態(tài)常為：主句過(guò)去完成時(shí)從句一般過(guò)去時(shí)注意2：倒裝現(xiàn)象其他表示一。。。就。。。的結(jié)構(gòu)還有Ondoingatthesight/sound/thoughtofsince引導(dǎo)的從句注意1：從句中的動(dòng)詞若為短暫性動(dòng)詞意為做什么已經(jīng)有一段時(shí)間了從句中的動(dòng)詞若為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞意為不做什么已經(jīng)有一段時(shí)間了注意2：常用句型為it’s時(shí)間段since過(guò)去時(shí)間點(diǎn)或者ithasbeen時(shí)間段since過(guò)去時(shí)間點(diǎn)thefirsttime;thelasttime;lasttime;nexttime;everytime/eachtime;anytime*區(qū)別Itis（was）thefirsttimethat…h(huán)ave（had）done

Thefirsttimesbdidsth,…didForthe1sttime,….Bythetime+不同時(shí)態(tài)的時(shí)間點(diǎn)，主句的時(shí)態(tài)為不同時(shí)態(tài)的完成時(shí)6.before請(qǐng)熟記以下句型*Itwillbe/was…beforesbdoes/didsth…“還要過(guò)多久才……”

Itwillbetwoyearsbeforeheleavesthecountry.

*Itwon’tbe/wasnot…beforesbdoes/didsth…“不多久就…”

Itwasn’ttwoyearsbeforeheleftthecountry.

*AhaddonesthbeforeBcoulddo還沒(méi)來(lái)得及。。。就。。。BeforeIcouldgetinaword,he（had）measuredme.注意：若兩個(gè)動(dòng)作時(shí)間差不大也可用一般過(guò)去時(shí)*sbhad(already)donesthbeforesbdidsth已經(jīng)。。。才。。。ThetrainhadalreadypulledoffbeforeIarrived.7.As*當(dāng)。。。的時(shí)候?qū)?dòng)詞要求不強(qiáng)延續(xù)非延續(xù)都可以AsIexpressedmythanks,sheheldmyhandfirmly.*在某事發(fā)生的過(guò)程中，另一事情發(fā)生常用As(When/While)sthwasdoing，sthhappened.正。。。突然。。。Ps:此時(shí)的do為延續(xù)性的動(dòng)詞。如不是主從句都用一般過(guò)去時(shí)*意思為“隨著”。注意：與獨(dú)立主格或非謂語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)的轉(zhuǎn)換AsthewealthofChinaincreases,morewastewillbeproduced.=WiththewealthofChinadeveloping,morewastewillbeproduced.*還可表示一邊。。。一邊。。。8.when=1\*GB3①When的用途比較廣泛但也用比較典型的句型*Awasdoingsth,whensthhappened.正。。突然。注意：halfway/onthewaytodo,when…*Awasabouttodosth,whensthhappened.正要。。。突然。。。*Awasonthepointofdoingsth,whensthhappened.正要。。。突然。。。*Ahad(just)donesth,whensthhappened.剛。。。。，就。。。=2\*GB3②When表既然鑒于如果Ican’ttellyou,whenyouwon’tlisten.

Whyusewoodwhenyoucanuseplastic?9.while*引導(dǎo)的從句只能與延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞或be動(dòng)詞連用表示當(dāng)。。。，趁著。。。*一般或現(xiàn)在情況Makehay,whilethesunshines.Wemuststrikewhiletheironishot.*將來(lái)情況從句部分用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)Whileyouarethere,canyougetmesomestamps?*過(guò)去情況=1\*GB3①主從句都用一般過(guò)去時(shí)Alettercame,whileyouwereill.=2\*GB3②主從句都用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)意為“與此同時(shí)”強(qiáng)調(diào)兩個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生Thekidswerehavingfuninthegarden,whiletheirmumswerepreparingfood.=3\*GB3③從句用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)主句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。表示“正。。。突然。。?！盇s(When/While)sthwasdoing，sthhappened.WhileIwaswonderingwhatwashappening,thecarrushedintothesideway.*while還可以表對(duì)比10.till,until和not…until：

*until/till引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句用于肯定句時(shí)，主句的動(dòng)詞是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，Wewaiteduntil/tillhecame.*用于否定句時(shí)，主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，從句為肯定，意為“某動(dòng)作直到某時(shí)間才開(kāi)始”。Hewon’tgotobeduntilshereturns.*till不可以置于句首，而until可以。

UntilyoutoldmeIhadnoideaofit.

*notuntil句型與其他句型結(jié)合Ididn’tgotosleepuntilhecameback.=1\*GB3①與強(qiáng)調(diào)句型結(jié)合

ItwasnotuntilhecamebackthatIwenttosleep.

=2\*GB3②與倒裝句式結(jié)合

NotuntilhecamebackdidIgotosleep.

例如：Whendidyougetthere?itwas9:00whenIgotthere.B.itwasat9:00thatIgotthere.Itwashismothercameintopreparehislessons.

A.notuntil；didtheboybegin

B.until；thattheboybegan

C.until；didtheboybegin

D.notuntil；thattheboybegan練習(xí)1.Don’tbeafraidofaskingforhelp_______itisneeded.A.unlessB.sinceC.although D.when2.Whydoyouwantanewjob____you’vegotsuchagoodonealready?A.thatB.whereC.which D.when3.－DidyouremembertogiveMarythemoneyyouowedher?

－Yes.Igaveittoher___Isawher.

A.while B.themoment C.suddenly D.once

4.Ithoughtherniceandhonest______Imether.

A.firsttimeB.forthefirsttime

C.thefirsttimeD.bythefirsttime

5.IcouldnotlearnEnglishwell_____hegavemesomegoodadvice.

A.until B.as C.since D.if6._____wegrowolder,wegrowwiser.

A.With B.Since C.While D.As7.－Washisfatherverystrictwithhimwhenhewasatschool?

－Yes.Hehadneverpraisedhim______hebecameoneofthetopstudentsinhisgrade.

A.after B.unlessC.until D.when8.Agoodstorytellermustbeabletoholdlisteners’curiosity__hereachestheendofthestory.A.whenB.unlessC.afterD.Until9.Itwasnot____shetookoffherdarkglasses____Irealizedshewasafamousfilmstar.

A.when;that B.until;that C.until;when D.when;then

10.Notuntilallthefishdiedintheriver_____howseriousthepollutionwas.

A.didthevillagersrealizeB.thevillagersrealized

C.thevillagersdidrealizeD.didn’tthevillagersrealize讓步狀語(yǔ)從句1.Although（句首）和though（句首，句中皆可）2.不可搭配but但可與yet或still連用3.eventhough/evenif盡管即使4.whether(…)ornot/whether…or…/nomatterwhether不管5.wh-ever=nomatterwh注意:名詞性從句里的wh-ever結(jié)構(gòu)不可以與nomatterwh結(jié)構(gòu)互換。6.as、though引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，要把狀語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞置首倒裝MuchasIhavetraveled，Ihaveneverseenanyonewho'sascapableasJohn.（1）如果表語(yǔ)為單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，這個(gè)名詞不帶冠詞Childasheis，heknowsalot.(2)如果句中謂語(yǔ)包含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或助動(dòng)詞，則將實(shí)意動(dòng)詞放在as之前TryasImight，Icouldn'tliftthestone.（3）如果句中謂語(yǔ)僅有實(shí)意動(dòng)詞，則將實(shí)意動(dòng)詞(原形)放在as之前，并在主語(yǔ)后面加助動(dòng)詞do,does,did或will。Failashedid,hewouldnevergiveup.7.while置于句首表讓步WhileIlikethecolorofthehat,Idonotlikeitsshape.8.Though可以做副詞放在句末，其他不行練習(xí)1.Inpeace，too，theRedCrossisexpectedtosendhelpthereishumansuffering.A.whoeverB.howeverC.whateverD.wherever

2.Thisisaveryinterestingbook.Iwillbuyit，.

A.howmuchmayitcostB.nomatterhowitmaycost

C.howevermuchitmaycostD.howmayitcost

3.Theoldtowermustbesaved，thecost.

A.howeverB.whateverC.whicheverD.wherever4._____difficultthetaskmaybe,wewilltryourbesttofinishit.

A.NomatterB.NowonderC.Though D.However

5.Maryhadpromisedtogivemeaticketfortomorrow.Shefailed,_____.

A.either B.though C.butD.Too

6.Althoughheisconsideredagreatwriter,_____.

A.hisworksisnotwidelyread

B.buthisworksarenotwidelyread

C.howeverhisworksarenotwidelyread

D.yethisworksarenotwidelyread7.________herfaults,she’sArnold’smother.Don’tbesorudetoher.WhateverB.WhatC.WhicheverD.Whenever8._______thepunishmentwasunjust,heaccepteditwithoutcomplaint.A.SolongasB.EventhoughC.Since D.While9._____thegrandparentslovethechildren,theyarestrictwiththem.A.WhileB.AsC.Since D.Because10.MrZhangismildincharacter.Henevershouts____heisveryangry.A.ifB.evenC.though D.evenwhen11.Wewillnotgiveup_____weshallfailtentimes.

A.evenifB.since C.whether D.Until12.manytimes，buthestillcouldn’tunderstandit.

A.HavingbeentoldB.ThoughhadbeentoldC.HewastoldD.Havingtold

地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句where/wherever1.區(qū)別：Gowherethere’sfood.地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句Gototheplacewherethereisfood.定語(yǔ)從句That’swherewedisagreewitheachother.表語(yǔ)從句注意1：請(qǐng)?jiān)嚤容^Thelibraryisbuiltatwhatusedtobeawasteland.名從注意2：定語(yǔ)從句中的where可以用prep.+which的結(jié)構(gòu)替換，而狀語(yǔ)從句不能Hesaidhewashappywherehewas.處境，境況

It’smyfaultthatsheiswheresheis.地步

3.抽象含義

Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.

Whereverthereissmoke,thereisafire.1.Youshouldmakeitaruletoleavethings_______youcanfindthemagain.A.WhenB.whereC.then D.which2.Whenyoureadthebook,you’dbettermakeamark___youhaveanyquestions.A.atwhichB.atwhereC.theplacewhere D.where3.Waterpowerstationarebuiltbigwaterfalls.

A.wherethereareB.wheretherehaveC.whichhasD.whichare

目的狀語(yǔ)從句sothat/inorderthat引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句,常用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞may(might)/can(could)/shall（should）、will（would）等連用.(只能位于句子后半部)

Cf.Iraisedmyvoicesothateveryonecouldhearme.（目的狀語(yǔ)從句）Mywifedoesn’tlikethenoise，sothatwemovedtothecountryside.（結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句）注意與不定式的轉(zhuǎn)換soasto/inorderto注意soasto不可放句首incase+真實(shí)條件句以防forfearthat/lest+虛擬條件句唯恐結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句So/sothat/so…that/such…that

Iraisedmyvoice,sothateveryoneheardme.

Hewassoexcitedthathecouldn’tsayaword.

Shetoldussuchaninterestingstorythatweallforgotthetime.1.so…that的so后面跟形容詞或副詞;such在主句中修飾名詞（可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)和不可數(shù)名詞）注意1：修飾可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)時(shí)sucha/an…that可轉(zhuǎn)換為so+形容詞+a/an+名詞單數(shù)+that結(jié)構(gòu)。例句：1．Sheissuchagoodteacherthatallherstudentsloveherverymuch.

2．Sheissogoodateacherthatallhercolleaguesliketotalkwithher.

注意2：在名詞前有many,much,few,little(少)時(shí)，只能用so…that結(jié)構(gòu)，

例句：1．TherearesomanythingstobedonethatIfindnotimetogotothecinema.

2．Shegotsolittleeducationthatshecouldhardlydoasimplemathsproblem.

注意3?？疾榈那闆rso，such置首倒裝的情況注意4so引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句，最好不要放在句首。Thedestinationwassettled.Soeveryonesetoff.x注意5結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句so…that/such…that與定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別狀語(yǔ)從句中that不做從句成分Sheissuchagoodteacherthatallherstudentsloveherverymuch.

Sheissuchagoodteacherasallherstudentslovexverymuch.

1.Rosesneedspecialcaretheycanlivethroughwinter.

A.becauseB.sothatC.evenifD.As2.Hehaslittleeducationheisunabletofindajob.

A.such；thatB.so；andC.so；thatD.such；and

比較狀語(yǔ)從句基本結(jié)構(gòu)as…asnotso…asthesameassuch…asthan

其他句型

1.Aistobwhatcistod

2.The比較級(jí)，the比較級(jí)

3.區(qū)別not比較級(jí)…Than

no比較級(jí)…ThanI'mnobetterthanyou.Ifailedtheexam,too.

4.JohnlikesHenrymorethanI.

JohnlikesHenrymorethanme.5.倍數(shù)表達(dá)法他們的房子是我們的兩倍.Theirroomistwicebiggerthanours.Theirroomistwiceasbigasours.Theirroomistwicethesizeofours.(length/height/weight/width)Theirroomistwicewhatoursis.Thesizeoftheirroomistwicethatofours.

1.Thevaseontheleftisthantheoneontheright,andnot.

A.morenicer；soexpensiveB.muchmorebetter；asexpensive

C.nicer；asexpensiveD.better；suchexpensive

2.Theseplanescanflythantheoldones.

A.asfastthreetimesB.threetimesasfast

C.threetimesfastD.threetimesfaster

方式狀語(yǔ)從句（just）asMayeverythingprocessasyouwish.thewayIwantmychildtobetreatedbyothersthewayItreatedtheirs.asif(though)+真實(shí)或虛擬條件句

注意：asitis=actually/infact1.Theactorisoverfifty.Butheactsasifhe_____ayoungman.

A.isB.willbe

C.shouldbeD.were2.Itseemsasifit____alreadysummernow.

A.wereB.beC.isD.hadbeen

原因狀語(yǔ)從句Because位置自由語(yǔ)氣強(qiáng)唯一可用于強(qiáng)調(diào)句的=dueto/owingto/….thefactthatSince常前“既然”

As前/后皆可但通常前語(yǔ)氣弱已知事實(shí)Nowthat前語(yǔ)氣弱“既然”

Consideringthat前“考慮到”

Seeingthat前“考慮到”

Inthat后“原因是”

For后前方必須有逗號(hào)，“其理由是”注意：When也可表既然

Ican’ttellyou,whenyouwon’tlisten.

Whyusewoodwhenyoucanuseplastic?1.____you’regotachance,youmightaswellmakefulluseofit.A.NowthatB.AfterC.Although D.AssoonasHecan'thavegoneout,thelightisstillon.

A.becauseB.sinceC.asD.for3.Criticismandself-criticismisnecessary______ithelpsustocorrectourmistakes.

A.soB.howeverC.thereforeD.inthat

條件狀語(yǔ)從句If/unless=ifnot/as(so)longas/onconditionthat/once/

Providing，provided（that）/supposing，supposed（that）、given（that）注意：When也可引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句提示：同時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句一樣條件狀語(yǔ)從句也不用將來(lái)時(shí)if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句,表示與事實(shí)相反的條件和結(jié)果時(shí)的時(shí)態(tài)變化

1)與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反：

If從句were、V-ed,主句should(would，could,might)+V原

2)與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反：

If從句hadVed,主句should(would，could,might)+haveVed

3)與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反：

If從句did，should，weretodo，主句should(would，could,might)提示：這種句型還會(huì)以倒裝的形式或者隱含的條件出現(xiàn)1.Whatdoyouthinkwouldhappenifthere_____nolightduringthenight?

A.isB.willbe

C.wereD.wouldbe2._____latetomorrow,whowouldtakeherplace?

A.ShouldMissGreencomeB.IfMissGreenwouldcome

C.MissGreenshouldcomeD.IfMissGreencomes3．_____it_____,thecrops_____besaved.

A.Had;rained;couldB.Should;rain;would

C.If;rains;shouldD.Would;rain;should

4.Sheshouldhaveattendedtheclass,butshe_____.

A.hadn’tB.hasn’tC.didn’tD.doesn’t

5._______Iknowthemoneyissafe,Ishallnotworryaboutit.A.Eventhough B.UnlessC.Aslongas D.while6._______Icansee,thereisonlyonepossiblewaytokeepawayfromthed