CertificationofRotorcraftandFHAProcess：旋翼機(jī)和FHA過(guò)程認(rèn)證課件_第1頁(yè)
CertificationofRotorcraftandFHAProcess：旋翼機(jī)和FHA過(guò)程認(rèn)證課件_第2頁(yè)
CertificationofRotorcraftandFHAProcess：旋翼機(jī)和FHA過(guò)程認(rèn)證課件_第3頁(yè)
CertificationofRotorcraftandFHAProcess：旋翼機(jī)和FHA過(guò)程認(rèn)證課件_第4頁(yè)
CertificationofRotorcraftandFHAProcess：旋翼機(jī)和FHA過(guò)程認(rèn)證課件_第5頁(yè)
已閱讀5頁(yè)，還剩29頁(yè)未讀， 繼續(xù)免費(fèi)閱讀

下載本文檔

版權(quán)說(shuō)明：本文檔由用戶提供并上傳，收益歸屬內(nèi)容提供方，若內(nèi)容存在侵權(quán)，請(qǐng)進(jìn)行舉報(bào)或認(rèn)領(lǐng)

文檔簡(jiǎn)介

CertificationofRotorcraftandFHAProcessAEAJanuary31,2012CertificationofRotorcraftanOUTLINECertificationProcessInstallationofComplexSystemsinNormalCategoryRotorcraftXX.1301&XX.1309ComparisonGuidanceMaterialCompliancewith27/29.1309SystemSafetyAssessmentItemstobeawareof…FHA/SSAQuestions2OUTLINECertificationProcess2CertificationProcessApplication(e.g.TC,ATC,STC,ASTC)CertificationBasisdefined.CertificationPlans:Detailhowcompliancewillbeshownforeachrule(27.1309analysis,groundtest,flighttest,etc.).DefinelevelofFAAinvolvement(delegation).Testplanning&execution.Data/TestReview:FAAreviews/witnessestestsasnecessary.TC/STCissued.3CertificationProcessApplicatiComplexSystemsinSmallRotorcraftSubjectequipmentAttitudeDirectionIndicatorSyntheticVisionAHRSi.e.MEMStechnologyAirDataNavigationHTAWSTrafficWeatherRADALTAutopilots/stabilityaugmentationSystemintegrationCertificationBasesthatrangefromCAR6topart27amndt.46IntendedFunctionWillitonlybeusedforDay/NightVFR?Single/DualPilotCATA/CATBFHA/SSAProperhazardsclassificationProperdesignlevels,includingsoftwareRequiresinputfromvariousengineeringdisciplinesandPilots4ComplexSystemsinSmallRotor14CFR2X.1301Comparison2X.1301:Eachitemofinstalledequipmentmust-Beofakindanddesignappropriatetoitsintendedfunction;BelabeledastoitsfunctionandoperationallimitationsBeinstalledaccordingtoitslimitationsFunctionproperlywheninstalled.Althoughtherule&itsapplicationarethesame,theyresultindifferentrequirementsduetotheplatform’sdesign&operationaldifferences.514CFR2X.1301Comparison2X.132X.1309Comparison2X.1309:Whiletherearesomedifferencesinthe14CFRParts23,25,27,29,ingeneral,theyallsaythateachitemshouldbesafeandreliableandnotadverselyaffectanyothersystem.Basically,thisistheregulationthatrequiresthathazardsposedbythesystemsinstalledonaircraftmustbeaddressedaspartofthecertificationprocess.RESOURCESAC27/29.1309SAEARP4754“GuidelinesforDevelopmentofCivilAircraftandSystems”.SAE

ARP4761"GuidelinesandMethodsforConductingtheSafetyAssessmentProcessonCivilAirborneSystemsandEquipment".OtherpublishedACGuidance(e.g.,21-40,27-1B,29-2B),FAAOrders,RTCADocuments.62X.1309Comparison2X.1309:Wh27.1309&29.1309ComparisonItisassumedthatthebasicPart27aircraftwillbecertifiedVFR.

27.1309onaVFRHelicopterdoesnotaddresssystemswhosefailureconditionsareassessedtobehigherthanmajor(i.e.hazardousorcatastrophic).Mayrequirespecialconditions

IftherotorcraftistobecertifiedforIFRflight,thenyoumustuse27appendix“B”whichinvokessomePart29rulesincludingportionsof29.1309.727.1309&29.1309ComparisonItGuidanceMaterialAC27.1B,27.1309providesguidanceforcompliancetoFAR27.1309AC29-2C,29.1309providesguidanceforcompliancetoFAR29.1309BothACsrecognizeSAE-ARP4761/4754SystemSafetyAssessment(SSA)processAC20-174forcompliancetothenewARP4754A.8GuidanceMaterialAC27.1B,27.Complianceto27/29.1309XX.1309ComplianceData:Qualitative&QuantitativeanalysisrequiredforCatastrophic,Hazardous,andforcomplexsystemsthathaveMajorfailureclassifications.FHA,PSSA,FTA,FMEA&CCArequired.MustSubstantiateprobabilityoffailurereqmts.OnlyQualitativeassessmentrequiredfornon-complexMajorandMinorsystems.Noprobabilityoffailuresubstantiationrequired.9Complianceto27/29.1309XX.130SafetyAssessmentProcessFunctionalHazardAssessment(FHA)AircraftLevel&SystemsLevelFHAsUsedtoIdentifyEffects(i.e.FailureConditionCategories)ofSystemFailuresonAircraft5FailureConditionCategoriesCatastrophicHazardous/Severe-MajorMajorMinorNo-Effect10SafetyAssessmentProcessFunctSystemSafetyAssessmenthardwarerequirementsCatastrophic-

<1x10-9probabilityofOccurrenceHazardous/Severe-Major-

<1x10-7Major-

<1x10-5Minor-

<1x10-3No-Effect-noprobabilityofoccurrencereqmts.AsdefinedinAC27/29.1309&SAE

ARP4761"GuidelinesandMethodsforConductingtheSafetyAssessmentProcessonCivilAirborneSystemsandEquipment".11SystemSafetyAssessmenthardwSystemSafetyAssessmentSoftware&AEHRequirementsRTCA/DO-178BSoftwareLevelandRTCA/DO-254AEHLevelCommensuratewithFailureConditionCategoryLevelA(Catastrophic)LevelB(Hazardous/Severe-Major)LevelC(Major)LevelD(Minor)LevelE(NoSafetyEffect)12SystemSafetyAssessmentSoftw

AssessingtheEffectsofFailuresIntegrationofCockpitDisplaySystemsandPilotInterfaceInadditiontothesystemsengineeringspecialists,bothflighttestandHFevaluationofpilot-systeminterfaceisusedtoevaluateandclassifythehazardlevelofaparticularfailurecondition.Especiallyifitinvolvesthepilot–systeminterface(controlormisrepresentationtothepilotofinformation)13

AssessingtheEffectsofFailIssuestobeawareof:FHAshouldnotbeaccomplishedaftersystemdesignandinstallation.

PrimarypurposeofFHAistosetdesignstandards;nottoappeaseFAA

Donotusetheequipmentreliabilitytodefinefailureclassification.

ThehighesthazardclassificationforequipmentthatisnotrequiredbycertificationoroperationalrulesNOTis“minor”.14Issuestobeawareof:FHAshouFHA/SSAquestionsforthegroupShouldthehazardclassification/threattotheaircraftandoroccupantschangeformisleadinginformationasafunctionof…ItsRequiredvs.non-requiredinCAR6/part27?Whatifitcanbeclassifiedas“safetyenhancing”equipment?ItsbeinginstalledtosatisfyandOperationalequipmentrequirementsi.e.(135)?15FHA/SSAquestionsforthegrDiscussionTime:BacktoKim…16DiscussionTime:BacktoKim…1QuestionstoindustryandtheFAA:

Dowe,theFAAandindustry,understandtherisktradeoffsifweallowtheinstallationofequipmentwithalowerlevelofcertitudethanourguidanceallows?GiventheuniquecharacteristicsofrotorcraftWhataretherisktradeoffsandwhatdotheybuyus?Dowegetanetgaininsafety(asreflectedbyloweraccidentnumbers)?Howarewediscouragingapplicantsandoperatorsfrominstallingsafetyenhancingequipmentthatisnotrequiredbyanyregulations?

Arewegoingtoexacerbatepoorpilotdecisionmakingbyprovidingasystemthatmayprovideafalsesenseofsecurity(i.e.“snowtiresyndrome”)17QuestionstoindustryandtheCertificationofRotorcraftandFHAProcessAEAJanuary31,2012CertificationofRotorcraftanOUTLINECertificationProcessInstallationofComplexSystemsinNormalCategoryRotorcraftXX.1301&XX.1309ComparisonGuidanceMaterialCompliancewith27/29.1309SystemSafetyAssessmentItemstobeawareof…FHA/SSAQuestions19OUTLINECertificationProcess2CertificationProcessApplication(e.g.TC,ATC,STC,ASTC)CertificationBasisdefined.CertificationPlans:Detailhowcompliancewillbeshownforeachrule(27.1309analysis,groundtest,flighttest,etc.).DefinelevelofFAAinvolvement(delegation).Testplanning&execution.Data/TestReview:FAAreviews/witnessestestsasnecessary.TC/STCissued.20CertificationProcessApplicatiComplexSystemsinSmallRotorcraftSubjectequipmentAttitudeDirectionIndicatorSyntheticVisionAHRSi.e.MEMStechnologyAirDataNavigationHTAWSTrafficWeatherRADALTAutopilots/stabilityaugmentationSystemintegrationCertificationBasesthatrangefromCAR6topart27amndt.46IntendedFunctionWillitonlybeusedforDay/NightVFR?Single/DualPilotCATA/CATBFHA/SSAProperhazardsclassificationProperdesignlevels,includingsoftwareRequiresinputfromvariousengineeringdisciplinesandPilots21ComplexSystemsinSmallRotor14CFR2X.1301Comparison2X.1301:Eachitemofinstalledequipmentmust-Beofakindanddesignappropriatetoitsintendedfunction;BelabeledastoitsfunctionandoperationallimitationsBeinstalledaccordingtoitslimitationsFunctionproperlywheninstalled.Althoughtherule&itsapplicationarethesame,theyresultindifferentrequirementsduetotheplatform’sdesign&operationaldifferences.2214CFR2X.1301Comparison2X.132X.1309Comparison2X.1309:Whiletherearesomedifferencesinthe14CFRParts23,25,27,29,ingeneral,theyallsaythateachitemshouldbesafeandreliableandnotadverselyaffectanyothersystem.Basically,thisistheregulationthatrequiresthathazardsposedbythesystemsinstalledonaircraftmustbeaddressedaspartofthecertificationprocess.RESOURCESAC27/29.1309SAEARP4754“GuidelinesforDevelopmentofCivilAircraftandSystems”.SAE

ARP4761"GuidelinesandMethodsforConductingtheSafetyAssessmentProcessonCivilAirborneSystemsandEquipment".OtherpublishedACGuidance(e.g.,21-40,27-1B,29-2B),FAAOrders,RTCADocuments.232X.1309Comparison2X.1309:Wh27.1309&29.1309ComparisonItisassumedthatthebasicPart27aircraftwillbecertifiedVFR.

27.1309onaVFRHelicopterdoesnotaddresssystemswhosefailureconditionsareassessedtobehigherthanmajor(i.e.hazardousorcatastrophic).Mayrequirespecialconditions

IftherotorcraftistobecertifiedforIFRflight,thenyoumustuse27appendix“B”whichinvokessomePart29rulesincludingportionsof29.1309.2427.1309&29.1309ComparisonItGuidanceMaterialAC27.1B,27.1309providesguidanceforcompliancetoFAR27.1309AC29-2C,29.1309providesguidanceforcompliancetoFAR29.1309BothACsrecognizeSAE-ARP4761/4754SystemSafetyAssessment(SSA)processAC20-174forcompliancetothenewARP4754A.25GuidanceMaterialAC27.1B,27.Complianceto27/29.1309XX.1309ComplianceData:Qualitative&QuantitativeanalysisrequiredforCatastrophic,Hazardous,andforcomplexsystemsthathaveMajorfailureclassifications.FHA,PSSA,FTA,FMEA&CCArequired.MustSubstantiateprobabilityoffailurereqmts.OnlyQualitativeassessmentrequiredfornon-complexMajorandMinorsystems.Noprobabilityoffailuresubstantiationrequired.26Complianceto27/29.1309XX.130SafetyAssessmentProcessFunctionalHazardAssessment(FHA)AircraftLevel&SystemsLevelFHAsUsedtoIdentifyEffects(i.e.FailureConditionCategories)ofSystemFailuresonAircraft5FailureConditionCategoriesCatastrophicHazardous/Severe-MajorMajorMinorNo-Effect27SafetyAssessmentProcessFunctSystemSafetyAssessmenthardwarerequirementsCatastrophic-

<1x10-9probabilityofOccurrenceHazardous/Severe-Major-

<1x10-7Major-

<1x10-5Minor-

<1x10-3No-Effect-noprobabilityofoccurrencereqmts.AsdefinedinAC27/29.1309&SAE

ARP4761"GuidelinesandMethodsforConductingtheSafetyAssessmentProcessonCivilAirborneSystemsandEquipment".28SystemSafetyAssessmenthardwSystemSafetyAssessmentSoftware&AEHRequirementsRTCA/DO-178BSoftwareLevelandRTCA/DO-254AEHLevelCommensuratewithFailureConditionCategoryLevelA(Catastrophic)LevelB(Hazardous/Severe-Major)LevelC(Major)LevelD(Minor)LevelE(NoSafetyEffect)29SystemSafetyAssessmentSoftw

AssessingtheEffectsofFailuresIntegrationofCockpitDisplaySystemsandPilotInterfaceInadditiontothesystemsengineeringspecialists,bothflighttestandHFevaluationofpilot-systeminterfaceisusedtoevaluateandclassifythehazardlevelofaparticularfailurecondition.Especiallyifitinvolvesthepilot–systeminterface(controlormisrepresentationtothepilotofinformation)30

AssessingtheEffectsofFailIssuestobeawareof:FHAshouldnotbeaccomplishedaftersystemdesignandinstallation.

PrimarypurposeofFHAistosetdesignstandards;nottoappeaseFAA

Donotusetheequipmentreli

溫馨提示

  • 1. 本站所有資源如無(wú)特殊說(shuō)明，都需要本地電腦安裝OFFICE2007和PDF閱讀器。圖紙軟件為CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.壓縮文件請(qǐng)下載最新的WinRAR軟件解壓。
  • 2. 本站的文檔不包含任何第三方提供的附件圖紙等，如果需要附件，請(qǐng)聯(lián)系上傳者。文件的所有權(quán)益歸上傳用戶所有。
  • 3. 本站RAR壓縮包中若帶圖紙，網(wǎng)頁(yè)內(nèi)容里面會(huì)有圖紙預(yù)覽，若沒(méi)有圖紙預(yù)覽就沒(méi)有圖紙。
  • 4. 未經(jīng)權(quán)益所有人同意不得將文件中的內(nèi)容挪作商業(yè)或盈利用途。
  • 5. 人人文庫(kù)網(wǎng)僅提供信息存儲(chǔ)空間，僅對(duì)用戶上傳內(nèi)容的表現(xiàn)方式做保護(hù)處理，對(duì)用戶上傳分享的文檔內(nèi)容本身不做任何修改或編輯，并不能對(duì)任何下載內(nèi)容負(fù)責(zé)。
  • 6. 下載文件中如有侵權(quán)或不適當(dāng)內(nèi)容，請(qǐng)與我們聯(lián)系，我們立即糾正。
  • 7. 本站不保證下載資源的準(zhǔn)確性、安全性和完整性, 同時(shí)也不承擔(dān)用戶因使用這些下載資源對(duì)自己和他人造成任何形式的傷害或損失。

最新文檔

評(píng)論

0/150

提交評(píng)論