2019屆高三英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)專題訓(xùn)練卷之閱讀理解(全國(guó)通用)(6)科技類

needtobedoneandthatwillnotchange,”Microsoft'sJonathanGrudintoldresearchers.Wecaninferfromthetextthatinthefuture.peoplewillfacemanydifficultiespeoplewilltakeupmorecreativejobsartificialintelligencewillthreatenpeople'slivesD.mostjobswillbedoneintraditionalworkplacesAccordingtothereport,.A.peoplewon'tnecessarilylosejobsbigcompanieswillfacefewerchallengessmallcompanieswillwinagainstbigcompaniesmostpeoplewillbecomeinterestedintechnologyWhatistheattitudeofmostexpertsinartificialintelligenceandroboticstothefuture?Mixed.Worried.Hopeful.Doubtful.JonathanGrudin'swordsinthelastparagraphsuggestthat.therewillbeenoughjobsforpeoplethingswillchangealotinafewyearsmanypeoplewillbecomeunemployedtechnologywilltotallychangefuturejobs答案：l.B;2.A;3.C;4.A解析：1.選B推理判斷題。由第二段中的“Thenextfifteenyearswillseearevolutioninhowwework...thinkaboutworkplaces"以及第三段的描述可知,未來(lái)人們需要從事更具有創(chuàng)造性的工作。2.選A纟田節(jié)理解題。由第五段中的“Losingoccupationsdoesnotnecessarilymeanlosingjobs一justchangingwhatpeopledo.”可知，職業(yè)消失并不必然意味著工作丟失——它僅僅改變了人們做的事情。3.選C推理判斷題。由倒數(shù)第二段中的“52percentofexpertsinartificialintelligenceandroboticswereoptimisticaboutthefuture"和“Theoptimistspictured'afutureinwhichrobotsdonottaketheplaceofmorejobsthantheycreate,'"可知，大多數(shù)人工智能和機(jī)器人領(lǐng)域的專家對(duì)未來(lái)持樂(lè)觀態(tài)度。選A推理判斷題。由最后一段中的“morejobsseemlikelytobecreated...whenwereachedafewbillionpeopletherewerebillionsofjobs”可知，微軟公司的JonathanGrudin認(rèn)為，更多的工作會(huì)被創(chuàng)造出來(lái)，人們會(huì)有足夠的就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)。3、Abuld-it-yourselfsolarstill（蒸餾器）isoneofthebestwaystoobtaindrinkingwaterinareaswheretheliquidisnotreadilyavailable.DevelopedbytwodoctorsintheU.S.DepartmentofAgriculture,it'sanexcellentwatercollector.Unfortunately,youmustcarrythenecessaryequipmentwithyou,sinceit'sallbutimpossibletofindnaturalsubstitutes.Theonlycomponentsrequired，though，area5'5'sheetofclearorslightlymilkyplastic，sixfeetofplastictube，andacontainer—perhapsjustadrinkingcup—tocatchthewater.Thesepiecescanbefoldedintoaneatlittlepackandfastenedonyourbelt.Toconstructaworkingstill，useasharpstickorrocktodigaholefourfeetacrossandthreefeetdeep.Trytomaketheholeinadampareatoincreasethewatercatcher'sproductivity.Placeyourcupinthedeepestpartofthehole.Thenlaythetubeinplacesothatoneendrestsallthewayinthecupandtherestofthelinerunsup—andout—thesideofthehole.Next,covertheholewiththeplasticsheet,securingtheedgesoftheplasticwithdirtandweightingthesheet'scenterdownwitharock.Theplasticshouldnowformacone（圓錐體）with45-degree-angledsides.Thelowpointofthesheetmustbecentereddirectlyover，andnomorethanthreeinchesabove，thecup.Thesolarstillworksbycreatingagreenhouseundertheplastic.Groundwaterevaporates（蒸發(fā)）andcollectsonthesheetuntilsmalldropsofwaterform，rundownthematerialandfalloffintothecup.Whenthecontainerisfull，youcansucktherefreshmentoutthroughthetube,andwon'thavetobreakdownthestilleverytimeyouneedadrink.Whatdoweknowaboutthesolarstillequipmentfromthefirstparagraph?It'sdelicate.It'sexpensive.It'scomplex.It'sportable.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“thewatercatcher”inparagraph2referto?Thetube.Thestill.Thehole.Thecup.What'sthelaststepofconstructingaworkingsolarstill?Digaholeofacertainsize.Putthecupinplace.Weightthesheet'scenterdown.Covertheholewiththeplasticsheet.Whenasolarstillworks,dropsofwatercomeintothecupform.theplastictubeoutsidetheholetheopenairbeneaththesheet答案：l.D;2.B;3.C;4.D解析：1.根據(jù)第一段第三句前半句Unfortunately,youmustcarrythenecessaryequipmentwithyou…可知，太陽(yáng)能蒸餾器設(shè)備必須被攜帶。因此其是可以攜帶的。其余選項(xiàng)文章均未提及。故正確答案為Do2.根據(jù)第二段劃線詞組前面的句子可知，其為蒸餾器的制作過(guò)程以及放置地點(diǎn)。后面的increaseproductivity為增加產(chǎn)量。因此可以推斷該詞組為蒸餾器。故正確答案為Bo3?根據(jù)第三段Next,covertheholewiththeplasticsheet，securingtheedgesoftheplasticwithdirtandweightingthesheet'scenterdownwitharock.可知最后一步是weightingthesheet'scenterdownwitharock"放一塊石頭在覆蓋膜的中間，把它壓下去”,故正確答案為Co根據(jù)文章隨后一段第二句Groundwaterevaporatesandcollectsonthesheetuntilsmalldropsofwaterform,rundownthematerialandfalloffintothecup可知，地面上的水蒸發(fā)并且在塑料布上，形成小水滴后落在被子里。因此可以得知水滴來(lái)自塑料布下方。故正確答案為Do4、Thismonth,Germany'stransportminister,AlexanderDobrindt,proposedthefirstsetofrulesforautonomousvehicles（自主駕駛車(chē)輛）.Theywoulddefinethedriver'sroleinsuchcarsandgovernhowsuchcarsperformincrasheswherelivesmightbelost.Theproposalattemptstodealwithwhatsomecallthe“deathvalley”ofautonomousvehicles:thegreyareabetweensemi-autonomousandfullydriverlesscarsthatcoulddelaythedriverlessfuture.Dobrindtwantsthreethings:thatacaralwayschoosesproperty財(cái)產(chǎn)）damageoverpersonalinjury;thatitneverdistinguishesbetweenhumansbasedonageorrace;andthatifahumanremoveshisorherhandsfromthedrivingwheel—tocheckemail，say—thecar'smakerisresponsibleifthereisacrash.“Thechangetotheroadtrafficlawwillpermitfullyautomaticdriving,”saysDobrindt.Itwillputfullydriverlesscarsonanequallegalfootingtohumandrivers，hesays.Whoisresponsiblefortheoperationofsuchvehiclesisnotclearamongcarmakers，consumersandlawyers.“Theliability（法律責(zé)任）issueisthebiggestoneofthemall,"saysNatashaMeratattheUniversityofLeeds,UK.AnassumptionbehindUKinsurancefordriverlesscars,introducedearlierthisyear,insiststhatahuman“bewatchfulandmonitoringtheroad”ateverymoment.Butthatisnotwhatmanypeoplehaveinmindwhenthinkingofdriverlesscars.“Whenyousay‘driverlesscars',peopleexpectdriverlesscars.”Meratsays.“Youknow—nodriver.”Becauseoftheconfusion,Meratthinkssomecarmakerswillwaituntilvehiclescanbefullyautomatedwithouthumanoperation.Driverlesscarsmayendupbeingaformofpublictransportratherthanvehiclesyouown,saysRyanCaloatStanfordUniversity,California.ThatishappeningintheUKandSingapore,wheregovernment-provideddriverlessvehiclesarebeinglaunched.ThatwouldgodownpoorlyintheUS,however.“Theideathatthegovernmentwouldtakeoverdriverlesscarsandtreatthemasapublicgoodwouldgetabsolutelynowherehere,”saysCalo.Whatdoesthephrase“deathvalley”inParagraph2referto?Aplacewherecarsoftenbreakdown.Acasewherepassingalawisimpossible.Anareawherenodrivingispermitted.Asituationwheredrivers'roleisnotclear.TheproposalputforwardbyDobrindtaimsto.stoppeoplefrombreakingtrafficruleshelppromotefullyautomaticdrivingprotectdriversofallagesandracespreventseriouspropertydamageWhatdoconsumersthinkoftheoperationofdriverlesscars?Itshouldgettheattentionofinsurancecompanies.Itshouldbethemainconcernoflawmakers.Itshouldnotcausedeadlytrafficaccidents.Itshouldinvolvenohumanresponsibility.Driverlessvehiclesinpublictransportseenobrightfuturein.SingaporetheUKtheUSGermanyWhatcouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?AutonomousDriving:WhoseLiability?FullyAutomaticCars:ANewBreakthroughAutonomousVehicles:DriverRemoved!DriverlessCars:RootofRoadAccidents答案：l.D;2.B;3.D;4.C;5.A解析：5Anewkeyboardcantellwhetheryouareitsowner.Thekeyboardrecordsinformationaboutthetypingpatternandsendsittoacomputerprogram.Theprogramthencheckstoseeifthetypingpatternandsendsittoacomputerprogram.Theprogramthencheckstoseeifthepatternmatchestherightuser,Ifnot,analarmsounds,andthecomputerlocksthetypistout.Itlocksoutanyoneelse,evenifthanpersonknowspassword.What'smore,thisdeviceneedsnobatteries.Itharvestsallthepersonknowsyourpassword.What'smore,thisdeviceneedsnobatteries.Itharvestsalltheenergyitneedsfromtheactionofyourtyping.Besides,thekeyboardisalsoself-cleaningandthekeysarefreeofdamagefromwater,oilanddirt.Thekeysofthenewkeyboardaremadeofthesameinexpensiveplasticthatmightbefoundonanyotherstandardkeyboard.Butinsteadofbeingsmooth,thekeyshavemillionsoftinyplasticnanowires（納米線）ontheirsurfaceareatoeverykey,increasingthegffectivecontactareabetweentheplasticsandfingers.Thisensuresthatthere'senoughpowertorunthekeyboardassomeonetypes.LimingDai,ascientist,didnotworkonthenewkeyboard,buthethinksthedesigncouldbeimportantingettingbetterperformancefromavarietyofdevices.“Itcouldalsobeappliedtoatouchscreen,forinstance,”Daisays.“Thensmartphonesandnotepadscouldharvestenergyfromtheactionofsomeonetypingordrawing.”“Futureworkmightmakethekeyboardevenmoreuseful,"Daiadds.“Alaterdesignmightbuildtinycapacitors（電容器）ontothenanowires,"hesuggests.Capacitorsarelittledevicesthattemporarilystoreelectriccharges.ThosemightthenLEDstolightaKeyboardinthedark.ZhonglinWangisaco-designerofthenewkeyboard.Histeamhasbuildaworkingmodelofthekeyboard.“Ifacompanydecidestofund（投資）itsproduction,thiskeyboardcouldbeinstoresinaslittleastwoyears,"saysWang.Howdoesthenewkeyboardtellwhetheryouareitsowner?Bycheckingtherightuser'spasswords.Bysendingalarmstoacomputerprogram.Bymatchingthetypingpatterntotherightuser.Byrecordinginformationaboutthetypingpattern.Whyaretheremanynanowiresonthesurfaceofthekeys?Tomakethekeysbeautiful.Tohelpproducepower.Tomakethekeyssmooth.Toimprovethespeedoftyping.What'sDai'sattitudetothenewkeyboard?Unconcerned.Positive.Doubtful.Critical.4.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?ANewKeyboardMadeofNanowires.ANewKeyboardPoweredbyTyping.ANewKeyboard'sFuture.D.ANewKeyboardEntirelyOwnedbyYou答案：1.C;2.B;3.B;4.D6、PreparingCitiesforRobotCarsThepossibilityofself-drivingrobotcarshasoftenseemedlikeafuturist'sdream,yearsawayfrommaterializingintherealworld.Well,thefutureisapparentlynow.TheCaliforniaDepartmentofMotorVehiclesbegangivingpermitsinAprilforcompaniestotesttrulyself-drivingcarsonpublicroads.Thestatealsoclearedthewayforcompaniestosellorrentoutself-drivingcars,andforcompaniestooperatedriverlesstaxiservices.California,itshouldbenoted,isn'tleadingthewayhere.Companieshavebeentestingtheirvehiclesincitiesacrossthecountry.It'shardtopredictwhendriverlesscarswillbeeverywhereonourroads.Buthoweverlongittakes,thetechnologyhasthepotentialtochangeourtransportationsystemsandourcities,forbetterorforworse,dependingonhowthetransformationisregulated.Whilemuchofthedebatesofarhasbeenfocusedonthesafetyofdriverlesscars（andrightfullyso）,policymakersalsoshouldbetalkingabouthowself-drivingvehiclescanhelpreducetrafficjams,cutemissions（排放）andoffermoreconvenient,affordablemobilityoptions.Thearrivalofdriverlessvehiclesisachancetomakesurethatthosevehiclesareenvironmentallyfriendlyandmoreshared.Dowewanttocopy—orevenworsen—thetrafficoftodaywithdriverlesscars?Imagineafuturewheremostadultsownindividualself-drivingvehicles.Theytoleratelong,slowjourneystoandfromworkonpackedhighwaysbecausetheycanwork,entertainthemselvesorsleepontheride,whichencouragesurbanspread.Theytaketheirdriverlesscartoanappointmentandsettheemptyvehicletocirclethebuildingtoavoidpayingforparking.Insteadofwalkingafewblockstopickupachildorthedrycleaning,theysendtheself-drivingminibus.Theconvenienceevenleadsfewerpeopletotakepublictransport一anunwelcomesideeffectresearchershavealreadyfoundinride-hailing（fl叫車(chē)）services.AstudyfromtheUniversityofCaliforniaatDavissuggestedthatreplacingpetrol-poweredprivatecarsworldwidewithelectric,self-drivingandsharedsystemscouldreducecarbonemissionsfromtransportation80%andcutthecostoftransportationinfrastructure（基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施）andoperations40%by2050.Feweremissionsandcheapertravelsoundprettyappealing.Thefirstcommerciallyavailabledriverlesscarswillalmostcertainlybefieldedbyride-hailingservices,consideringthecostofself-drivingtechnologyaswellasliabilityandmaintenanceissues債任與維護(hù)問(wèn)題）.Butdriverlesscarownershipcouldincreaseasthepricesdropandmorepeoplebecomecomfortablewiththetechnology.Policymakersshouldstartthinkingnowabouthowtomakesuretheappearanceofdriverlessvehiclesdoesn'textendtheworstaspectsofthecar-controlledtransportationsystemwehavetoday.Thecomingtechnologicaladvancementpresentsachanceforcitiesandstatestodeveloptransportationsystemsdesignedtomovemorepeople,andmoreaffordably.Thecarofthefutureiscoming.Wejusthavetoplanforit.Accordingtotheauthor,attentionshouldbepaidtohowdriverlesscarscan.helpdealwithtransportation-relatedproblemsprovidebetterservicestocustomerscausedamagetoourenvironmentmakesomepeoplelosejobsAsfordriverlesscars,whatistheauthor'smajorconcern?Safety.Sideeffects.Affordability.Management.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"fielded"inParagraph4probablymean?Employed.Replaced.Shared.Reduced.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetothefutureofself-drivingcars?Doubtful.Positive.Disapproving.Sympathetic.答案：l.A;2.D;3.A;4.B解析：本文為議論文。文章主要討論有關(guān)無(wú)人駕駛汽車(chē)的發(fā)展前景和面臨的問(wèn)題。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段Whilemuchofthedebatesofarhasbeenfocusedonthesafetyofdriverlesscars（andrightfullyso）,policymakersalsoshouldbetalkingabouthowself-drivingvehiclescanhelpreducetrafficjams,cutemissions（排放）andoffermoreconvenient,affordablemobilityoptions可知,政策制定者應(yīng)該討論無(wú)人駕駛車(chē)怎么幫助削減交通阻塞,減少尾氣排放,提供更方便、更便宜的出行選擇,由此可見(jiàn)人們應(yīng)該多關(guān)注無(wú)人駕駛車(chē)怎么幫助處理與交通有關(guān)的問(wèn)題。故選A。推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段Buthoweverlongittakes,thetechnologyhasthepotentialtochangeourtransportationsystemsandourcities,forbetterorforworse,dependingonhowthetransformationisregulated可知，不管花多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間，這項(xiàng)技術(shù)都有可能改變我們的交通系統(tǒng)和我們的城市,不管是好是壞,這取決于如何這種轉(zhuǎn)變?nèi)绾伪灰?guī)范,再根據(jù)文章最后一句話Thecarofthefutureiscoming.Wejusthavetoplanforit可知，我們需要為其做好計(jì)劃,故作者的主要關(guān)注點(diǎn)是對(duì)這種轉(zhuǎn)變的管理規(guī)范,故選D。詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第四段Thefirstcommerciallyavailabledriverlesscarswillalmostcertainlybefieldedbyride-hailingservices,consideringthecostofself-drivingtechnologyaswellasliabilityandmaintenanceissues（責(zé)任與維護(hù)問(wèn)題）.可知，鑒于自主駕駛的費(fèi)用以及責(zé)任和維護(hù)問(wèn)題,無(wú)人駕駛車(chē)幾乎可以肯定將會(huì)被打車(chē)服務(wù)使用。故劃線詞是“被應(yīng)用”的意思。A.Employed被應(yīng)用;B.Replaced被取代;C.Shared被分享;D.Reduced被減少。故選A。觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)文章最后一段Thecomingtechnologicaladvancementpresentsachanceforcitiesandstatestodeveloptransportationsystemsdesignedtomovemorepeople,andmoreaffordably.Thecarofthefutureiscoming.Wejusthavetoplanforit.中的advancement,movemorepeople,andmoreaffordably以及planforit可推知，作者是積極的態(tài)度。故選B。點(diǎn)睛:根據(jù)用詞風(fēng)格,推斷情感態(tài)度。一篇好的文章,其用詞風(fēng)格常常直接流露或蘊(yùn)含作者的內(nèi)心世界和情感態(tài)度。所以閱讀時(shí)要善于捕捉表達(dá)或暗示情感態(tài)度的詞句或短語(yǔ),捕捉那些烘托氣氛,渲染情感的詞句,進(jìn)而很好地洞察作者的思想傾向,是支持、反對(duì)抑或中立?對(duì)于選項(xiàng)而言,要分清選項(xiàng)中的褒義詞、中性詞和貶義詞,以此對(duì)照全文。如本題最后一題為觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題，根據(jù)文中reducecarbonemissions,cutthecostoftransportationinfrastructure（基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施）andoperations40%,appealing,comfortable,advancement,movemorepeople,andmoreaffordably.等詞匯可以推斷出作者對(duì)無(wú)人駕駛汽車(chē)持積極態(tài)度。故選B。7、Anyonewhohashadalong-termillnessknowsthatrecoveringathomecanbeboring.Thiscanbeespeciallytrueofchildren.Theymayfeelcutofffromtheirfriendsandclassmates.Now,thesechildrenmayhaveahigh-techfriendtohelpfeellesslonely.Thatfriendisarobot.TherobotiscalledAvatarl(AV1).Ittakestheirplaceatschool.Throughtherobot,thechildrencanheartheirteachersandfriends.Theyalsocantakepartinclassesfromwherevertheyarerecovering.Andthechildren'sschoolfriendsmusthelp.Theycarrytherobotbetweenclassesandplacetherobotontheirdesks.ANorwegiancompanycalledNoIsolationcreatedtherobot.Thereareanothertwoco-founders:KarenDolvaandMariusAabel.Dolvaexplainshowtherobotworks.ShesaysfromhomethechildusesaniPadoraphonetostarttherobot,controltherobot'smovementswithtouch,andtalkthroughit.Thechildcantakepartinclassroomactivities.Therobotisequippedwithspeakers,microphonesandcamerasthatmakecommunicatingeasy.Soit'stheeyesandtheearsandthevoiceofthechildatschool.InsideAVIisasmallcomputerconnectedtoa4Gnetwork.Asmallcameraconnectedtoasmallcomputercoulddothejob.Butthatwouldnotbethesame.AVIwasdesignedtobetough.Itwon'tallowwatertopassthroughitandcantakeafallfromadeskwithoutdamage.AV1islargeandlookslikeahumanforareason.Dolvasaysitcan'tbejustatinycamerabecausetheotherkidscan'tpickitupandtakeitwiththem.Thisisimportantbecausetherobotissupposedtobeafriendtothechildren.HopefullyAV1willhelpsomechildrenfeellesslonelywhiletheyareabsentfromclass.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?Therobothasbeenusedwidelyinmanyfields.Therobotcanmakefriendswithsickchildren.Therobotwilltakesickchildrentotakepartinclasses.Therobotmayhelpsickchildrenfeellesslonely.Accordingtothepassage,AV1maybestartedthrough.aniPadacameraacomputeraspeakerWhatdoestheunderlinedword"tough"inParagraph5mean?Strong.Amazing.Attractive.Fancy.Wheredoesthispassageprobablycomefrom?Atouristguide.Anexhibitionguide.Asciencetextbook.Asciencereport.答案：l.D;2.A;3.A;4.D解析：8、Theworld'sfirstrobotpoliceofficerhasstartedworking.Itsnameis‘RoboCop'anditwentintoservicefortheDubaiPoliceearlierthisweek.Robocop'sfirstofficialdutywastogreetguestsattheopeningofasecurityconferenceinDubai.Apartfromgreetingvisitors'itsjobwastoanswerquestionsandgivedirections.RoboCophasabuilt—intabletforpeopletointeractwith.Peoplecanusethetablettopaytrafficfinesanduseothersmartpoliceservices.Thetabletislinkedtoapolicestation,sopeoplecantalktohumanpoliceofficers.Inaddition,RoboCopcanspeaksixlanguages,includingEnglishandArabic.The170-centimetre-tallrobotcanalsoshakehands,salutepeopleandrecognizepeople'semotionsandfacialexpressions.DubaiPolicesaysRoboCopisthefirstofmanyrobotpoliceofficersforthecity.Aspokesmansaidthatby2030,25percentoftheDubaiPoliceforcewillberobots.Hesaid:“WearelookingtomakeeverythingsmartinDubaiPolice.By2030,wewillhavethefirstsmartpolicestationwhichwon'trequirehumanemployees.”“TheRoboCopisthelatestsmartadditiontothepoliceforceandhasbeendesignedtohelpusfightcrime,keepthecitysafeandimprovehappinesslevels,”Headded.HealsosaidthatRoboCopwould,“assistandhelppeopleinthemallsoronthestreets".Anofficialatthesecurityconferencecommentedthatthefutureisherenow,saying:'Theageoftherobotsisnolongercoming.Ithasarrived."WhatwasRobocop'sfirstofficialduty?Tospotcriminalsinthecrowd.Toserveguestsatameeting.Toorganizeasecureconference.Toofferhelptothepeopleonthestreet.WhathasmadeRobocop'smart"?Itssocialskills.Itsbuilt-intablet.Itslanguagetalent.Itsabilitytorecognizepeople.Whatcanwelearnfromthespokesman?Humanpolicewillbecomesmarter.RoboCophasdoneagoodjobatthemeeting.Robotswillsoontaketheplaceofhumanpolice.RobotswillhelpDubaiPolicedodangerouswork.Whatdotheunderlinedsentencesmeaninthelastparagraph?Theageofrobotsisnowontheway.Robotswillchangetheworld.Scientistsaremakingsmarterrobots.Theageofrobotsisalreadyhere.答案：l.B;2.B;3.C;4.D解析：9、Everyday,wearemovingclosertosomekindofartificialintelligence人工智能）.Progressinbigdata,machinelearningandroboticsaregoingtogiveusaworldwherecomputersareeffectivelyintelligentintermsofhowwedealwiththem.Shouldyoubescaredbythis?Absolutely,butnotintheusual“robotoverlords”（機(jī)器人帝國(guó)）kindofway.Instead,therealfearshouldbeaboutgettinghumanbeingswrong,notgettingAIright.Thekeytothetechnologyistheabilityofcomputerstorecognizehumanemotionsbasedonthe‘‘a(chǎn)ctivation”ofmusclesintheface.Acomputercanidentifythepositionsoffacialmusclesandusethemtoinfertheemotionalstateofitsuser.Thenthemachinerespondsinwaysthattakethatemotionalstateintoaccount.Onepotentialapplicationofitistoprovide“emotionalrobots”fortheelderly.Havingamachinethatcouldspeakinakindwaywouldcomfortalonelyolderperson.Thatisagoodthing,right?Butthatwon'talsorelieveusfromquestioninghowweendedupinasocietythattakescareoftheelderlybecausewedon'tknowwhatelsetodowiththem?Can'twehavemorehumanesolutionsthanrobots?“Emotiondata”aren'tthesamethingastherealandvividemotionalexperienceswehumanbeingshave.Ouremotionsaremorethanourfacesorvoices.Howcantheybepulledoutlikeathread,onebyone,fromthefabric組織）ofourbeing?Researchprogramscancomewithmuchphilosophical哲學(xué)的）concern,too.Fromthecomputers'pointofview,whatthecomputingtechnologycapturesareemotions,butatitsrootisareductionofhumanexperiencewhoseoutwardexpressionscanbecapturedalgorithmically（計(jì)算上）.Asthetechnologyisusedintheworld,itcanreframetheworldinwaysthatcanbehardtoescapefrom.Thetechnologywillclearlyhaveusefulapplications,butonceittreatsemotionsasdata,wemayfindthatitistheonlyaspectofemotionwecometorecognizeorvalue.Oncebillionsofdollarsfloodsintothisfield,wewillfindourselvestrappedinatechnologythatisreducingourlives.Evenworse,our“emotiondata”willbeusedagainstustomakemoneyforsomeoneelse.AndthatiswhatscaresmeaboutAI.Whydoestheauthorfeelscaredofthedevelopmentofartificialintelligence?Thetechnologyisdevelopingmuchtooslowly.Computerscan'trecognizehumanemotions.Robotswouldgetcontrolofhumanbeings.Peoplemayuseartificialintelligenceimproperly.Whydoestheauthordisliketheideaofproviding“emotionalrobots”fortheelderly?Theagedpeoplewillfindithardtolivewiththem.Whatelderlypeopleneedismuchmorethanthat.Itcan'trelieveusofthepressurefrommodernsociety.It'simpossibletousethemtokeeptheelderlyhealthy.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNottrue?Acomputercanmakeoutthepositionoffacialmuscles.ItisagoodthingfortheelderlytouseAI.Ouremotionsareourfacesandvoices."Emotiondata"aredifferentfromtherealemotionalexperienceshumanshave.Howdoestheauthorfeelabout“emotiondata”accordingtothelastparagraph?worriedcuriousconfusedessential答案：l.D;2.B;3.C;4.A解析：10、NASA'sJetPropulsion(噴氣推進(jìn))Laboratory(JPL)attractedMarlyseReevesfromanearlyage.GrowingupinPasadena,California,inJPL'sbackyard,Reevesdevelopedaloveforeverythingrelatedtoouterspace,andthelabwasaregulardestinationforschoolfieldtrips.Evenasachild,Reeves,nowasanMITsenior,knewshewantedtoworkinthespaceindustry.Herloveofspacewascultivatedathome,too.AtMIT,ReevesquicklyfoundherplaceintheDepartmentofAeronauticsandAstronautics(航空航天系).Asajunior,ReeveswasselectedtoparticipateintheGordon-MITEngineeringLeadershipProgram.Theprogramfocusesonleadershipforengineers—peoplewhomayhavehightechnicalIQsbutwhomaybenotgoodatexpressingthemselves.Reevesholdsthepointthatinindustry,peoplehavetocommunicatewithotherengineers—toexplaintheirideasandfitintotheorganizationalstructure.Inthesecondyearoftheprogram,studentsbecomecoachesforthenewstudents,whichmeansateamcoachobserves,andinstructstheyoungergroup.SoReevesthinksit'sreallythesecond­yearstudentswhoareguidingthefirst-yearstudentsintohowtheycanimproveasleaders.ReeveshasbeenwithWomeninAerospaceEngineering(WAE)sinceitsbeginninginhersophomoreyear.Thegroupbuildsacommunityforwomeninallaspectsofaeronautics.Lastmonth,ReeveshelpedorganizethefirstWAEDay,aneventfor18highschoolgirlsintheBostonareatocometoMITtolearnaboutaerospaceengineering.Reevessayseventsliketheseareespeciallyimportantforexposingyoungwomentothepossibilitiesofthefield.Justasshesays,“Beingapersonwhohasgoneintotheaerospaceindustryandhasseenthelackofwomen,thereareoftentimeswhenIamtheonlyfemaleintheroom.Ithinkit'simportantforyoungwomenandgirlstohaverolemodels,andjustseethattherearewomendoingit.Ihavemetalotofstrongfemalerolemodelsformyselfinindustry...Alotofoureventsareopentomenaswell.Wewanttobuildacommunityofpeoplewhosupportwomeninaerospace.”Whatcanwelearnfromthefirstparagraph?ReevesseldomvisitedJPLatanearlyage.Reevesbecameinterestedinspacefromchildhood.ReevesisnowanewstudentstudyingatMIT.ReeveswouldliketostudyintheDepartmentofMathematicsatMIT.WhatistheaimoftheGordon-MITEngineeringLeadershipProgram?Itisaimedatdevelopingengineers'leadership.Itfocusesonincreasingstudents'technicalskills.Ittendstoimprovestudents'observationabilities.ItaimstotrainexcellentengineersforMITinadvance.WhatistheattitudeofReevestowardswomenintheaerospaceindustry?Shethinkstheindustryisprejudicedagainstwomen.ShethinkswomenhaveahigherIQthanmeninthefield.Shebelieveshavingrolemodelshasapositiveeffectonwomen.Shefeelsitisdifficultforwomentobecomesuccessfulinthefield.WhydoesReevesattachimportancetotheWAEDay?Becauseit'sagirl'sdream.Becauseitmakesheraleader.Becauseithelpswomenexperiencemoreaboutaeronautics.Becauseitcanstrengthenthecommunity.答案：l.B;2.A;3.C;4.C解析：1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第二句可知答案。2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句可知答案。3?觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)最后一段第二句可知,Reeves認(rèn)為行業(yè)內(nèi)優(yōu)秀的女性為其他女性樹(shù)立榜樣有助于提升該行業(yè)女性的自信心。因此選Co4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段,可知答案選C。本文講述了麻省理工學(xué)院航空航天專業(yè)大四的學(xué)生MarlyseReeves致力于為該領(lǐng)域的女性建立榜樣系統(tǒng)，以鼓勵(lì)更多女性投入航空航天領(lǐng)域。ll、3Dprintingisbecomingmoreandmorepopular.Wearenowabletocreatethingsweneedveryquicklyandeasilyusing3Dprinters.Butcanyouimagineprintingfood?Somescientistsaretryingtochangethediningexperiencebydoingthis.Theyhopethathavinga3Dprinterinthekitchenwillbeascommonasthemicrowaveoven（微波爐）.Scientistssaythatit'llbequiteeasy:yousimplyhavetoselectarecipe（食譜）andputtheraw（生的）food‘inks'intotheprinter.Youcanalsoreadtheinstructionstomakethefoodexactlyhowyouwantit.Thismeansthatitwouldbeveryquickandeasytocreatetastyandnutritiousmeals.Printingfoodcouldalsohelppeoplewhosufferfromdysphasia（aswallowingdisorder）.Theycouldprogramtheprintertoprintsofterversionsoftheirfavoritefoodssothattheywouldnothavetroubleinswallowingthem.However,somepeoplethinkthatafutureof3Dfoodprintingwouldbeadisaster.Itcouldtakeawaymanyjobs,includingthosefromgrowing,transportingandpackagingfood.Imagineaworldwheretherewasnoneedforfarmingorgrowingcropsandthesametastescouldbeprintedfromaraw“foodink”.Likewise,traditionalcafesandrestaurantsmightlosebusiness.Also,thereareconcernsaboutthenutritionalvalueofprintedfood:isitreallypossibletobegetthenutrientsweneedfromfood-basedinksandgels（凝膠）？What'smore,cookingandeatingtogetherwithfamilyandfriendshaslongbeenatraditionalandenjoyableactivity.Itishardtoimagineaworldwherethepleasureofcookingisdeadandmealscanbecreatedatthetouchofa