空氣質(zhì)量達(dá)標(biāo)規(guī)劃程序課件

AirQualityConformityProcess

空氣質(zhì)量達(dá)標(biāo)規(guī)劃程序

NewYorkExperience

大紐約地區(qū)的成功經(jīng)驗(yàn)

James

ChiaoDirectorofTechnicalServicesNewYorkMetropolitanTransportationCouncil紐約都會(huì)區(qū)運(yùn)輸委員會(huì)，技術(shù)服務(wù)處

AirQualityConformityProcess1Background

背景介紹AMetropolitanPlanningOrganizationAregionalgovernmentassociationProvideaplatformforpolicyimplementation,projectcoordination,regionalplanning,andfundingallocationAchieve3C(coordinating,continuing,andcomprehensive)transportationplanningrequirements紐約都會(huì)區(qū)運(yùn)輸委員會(huì)一個(gè)區(qū)域性的政府協(xié)會(huì)組織提供一個(gè)執(zhí)行政策、協(xié)調(diào)建設(shè)、進(jìn)行規(guī)劃、分配經(jīng)費(fèi)的平臺

以達(dá)到3C(協(xié)調(diào)性、延續(xù)性、綜合性)的運(yùn)輸規(guī)劃要求Background 背景介紹AMetropolitan2TheNYMTCRegion

紐約都會(huì)區(qū)TheNYMTCRegion

紐約都會(huì)區(qū)3TheNYMTCRegion

紐約都會(huì)區(qū)2,440squaremiles

平方英里12.2millionpopulation

百萬人口477routemilesofcommuterrail

通勤鐵路路線英里數(shù)225routemilesofrailrapidtransit

地鐵路線英里數(shù)22,870centerlinemilesofroadways

各級道路英里數(shù)TheNYMTCRegion紐約都會(huì)區(qū)2,440sq4TransitNetwork

大紐約地區(qū)

公交路網(wǎng)TransitNetwork

大紐約地區(qū)

公交路網(wǎng)5Onanaverage2002weekday,thetransportationsystemcarries

年平均每工作日紐約的運(yùn)輸系統(tǒng)承載:3.1milliononbuses

三百萬公車旅客4.6millionrailrapidtransit

五百萬地鐵旅客550,000passengersoncommuterrail五十五萬通勤鐵路旅客128,500onferries十三萬渡輪旅客150,000onairlines

十五萬航空旅客101,000onPATH

十萬紐約新澤西跨州地鐵旅客205,000onNJTransitRail

二十萬新澤西通勤跨州鐵路旅客520,000onNJTransitBus

五十二萬新澤西跨州公車旅客TheNYMTCRegion

紐約都會(huì)區(qū)Onanaverage2002weekday,th6NYMTCTransportationCapitalProgram

紐約都會(huì)區(qū)政府部門交通工程預(yù)算

2002-

2006‘02‘03‘04‘05‘06聯(lián)邦168155201228245州7155363233地方273142225282259總額512352462542536單位:億人民幣5年總預(yù)算:2兆404

億人民幣5yearsbudget:30billionsNYMTCTransportationCapitalP7NYMTCTransportationCapitalProgram

紐約都會(huì)區(qū)政府部門交通工程預(yù)算

種類分布

2002-

2004三年總預(yù)算:一百四十億美金($14billion)一千一百六十二億人民幣NYMTCTransportationCapitalP8ProjectedVehicularTravelGrowthinNYRegion:NoAction

紐約都會(huì)區(qū)車輛行車?yán)锍坛砷L預(yù)估:保持現(xiàn)狀

SuburbanCounties10-CountyRegionNewYorkCityHighestgrowthratewilloccurinthesuburbsModestgrowthinNewYorkCityProjectedVehicularTravelGro9EffectofTrafficGrowthonSpeeds:NoAction

紐約都會(huì)區(qū)行車速度改變預(yù)估:保持現(xiàn)狀SuburbanCounties10-CountyRegionNewYorkCityCongestionwillworsenandspeedswilldecreaseinthesuburbsSpeedsarealreadyslowinNewYorkCityEffectofTrafficGrowthonSp10EffectoftheTransportationPlaninReducingVehicularTravel

紐約都會(huì)區(qū)長期運(yùn)輸計(jì)劃對降低行車?yán)锍痰挠绊懠~約市郊SuburbanCounties紐約都會(huì)區(qū)10-CountyRegion紐約市NewYorkCityBothNewYorkCityandthesuburbswillBenefitfromtheTransportationPlan19952000200520102015降低約四十萬車?yán)飻?shù)EffectoftheTransportationP11EffectoftheTransportationPlaninReducingCongestion

紐約都會(huì)區(qū)長期運(yùn)輸計(jì)劃對提高行車速度的影響紐約市郊SuburbanCounties紐約都會(huì)區(qū)10-CountyRegion紐約市NewYorkCitySpeedsinthesuburbswillbenefitmoresignificantlyfromtheTransportationPlanEffectoftheTransportationP12EffectoftheTransportationPlaninReducingEmissions

紐約都會(huì)區(qū)長期運(yùn)輸計(jì)畫對降低汽車排污量的影響Toachieve

Conformity,theTransportationPlanmustreduceemissionsfromthe

No-Actioncondition.19952000200520102015NitrousOxide(NOX)Hydrocarbons(HC)運(yùn)輸達(dá)標(biāo)規(guī)畫程序規(guī)定長期運(yùn)輸計(jì)劃必須降低在保持現(xiàn)狀的情況下所產(chǎn)生的汽車排污量EffectoftheTransportationP13Howdoweimproveairqualitywhileimplementthetransportationimprovementprogram?我們?nèi)绾卧诮鉀Q交通擁擠的同時(shí)，確保改善空氣污染?TransportationConformity

運(yùn)輸達(dá)標(biāo)規(guī)劃程序Howdoweimproveairquality14WhatIsTransportationConformity

?

運(yùn)輸達(dá)標(biāo)規(guī)劃程序TransportationconformityisawaytoensurethatFederalfundingandapprovalaregiventothosetransportationactivitiesthatareconsistentwithairqualitygoals.Itensuresthatthesetransportationactivitiesdonotworsenairqualityorinterferewiththe"purpose"oftheSIP,whichistomeettheNAAQS.MeetingtheNAAQSoftenrequiresemissionsreductionsfrommobilesources.運(yùn)輸達(dá)標(biāo)規(guī)劃程序確保聯(lián)邦經(jīng)費(fèi)及核準(zhǔn)是給予合乎達(dá)到空氣質(zhì)量目標(biāo)的運(yùn)輸項(xiàng)目。同時(shí)確保這些運(yùn)輸項(xiàng)目不會(huì)使空氣質(zhì)量惡化或干擾以達(dá)到國家空氣質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)為目的的州執(zhí)行計(jì)畫。為達(dá)到國家空氣質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，時(shí)常需要自移動(dòng)污染源降低排污量。WhatIsTransportationConform15KeyFactorsofTransportationConformity

運(yùn)輸達(dá)標(biāo)規(guī)劃程序的成功要素TransportationConformityLinkedtoFundingTransportationConformityLinkedtoTransportationPlanningOptionsandTrade-offsBetweenEmissionReductionStrategiesCAALinkagestoTransportationPlanningChallengesforTransportationOfficials和聯(lián)邦經(jīng)費(fèi)掛鉤和運(yùn)輸規(guī)劃掛鉤權(quán)衡各種降低排污量的策略潔凈空氣法案和運(yùn)輸規(guī)劃掛鉤交通部門官員所面臨的挑戰(zhàn)KeyFactorsofTransportation16TransportationConformity&Pollutants

運(yùn)輸達(dá)標(biāo)規(guī)劃程序

及

污染物Transportationconformityappliestothefollowingcriteriapollutants:Ozone,Carbonmonoxide(CO),Nitrogendioxide(NO2),andParticleswithanaerodynamicdiameterlessthanorequalto10microns(PM-10).運(yùn)輸達(dá)標(biāo)規(guī)程序應(yīng)用於四項(xiàng)空氣污染物臭氧一氧化碳二氧化氮可吸入顆粒物TransportationConformity&Po17InteragencyconsultationRegionalemissionsanalysisProjectlevelanalysisForTCMsthatareincludedinanapprovedSIP,assuranceoftimelyimplementationofTCMs,CertainISTEA,nowTEA-21,planningrequirements(e.g.,fiscalconstraint).Themajorrequirementsofthe

TransportationConformityProcess

運(yùn)輸達(dá)標(biāo)規(guī)劃程序的主要內(nèi)涵相關(guān)機(jī)構(gòu)的協(xié)商程序區(qū)域排污量分析個(gè)別運(yùn)輸項(xiàng)目分析確保在州執(zhí)行計(jì)畫內(nèi)的交通控制方法得以適時(shí)的實(shí)施聯(lián)邦運(yùn)輸法案中對運(yùn)輸規(guī)劃的要求(如財(cái)政限制)

InteragencyconsultationThem18CAARequirements

美國潔凈空氣法案的要求

AccordingtotheCAA,transportationplans,programs,andprojectscannot:CreatenewNAAQSviolations;IncreasethefrequencyorseverityofexistingNAAQSviolations;orDelayattainmentoftheNAAQS.

根據(jù)美國潔凈空法案，運(yùn)輸規(guī)畫、運(yùn)輸工作計(jì)畫以及個(gè)別項(xiàng)目不能：產(chǎn)生新的空氣質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)違規(guī)；增加現(xiàn)有違規(guī)的發(fā)生頻率或是嚴(yán)重性；或是延誤達(dá)到國家空氣質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。CAARequirements

美國潔凈空氣法案的要求19TransportationConformityRequirements

運(yùn)輸達(dá)標(biāo)規(guī)劃程序的要求每隔三年，每一未達(dá)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的地區(qū)必須展示其移動(dòng)污染源的目前及未來年的空氣污染分析都合乎州執(zhí)行計(jì)畫的污染預(yù)算。空氣污染分析必須使用環(huán)保署的空氣污染模式及最佳可得到的交通數(shù)據(jù)(車輛行車?yán)锍?，車速，車種混合比例等)。任何地區(qū)不能展示能夠合乎州執(zhí)行計(jì)畫的空氣污染預(yù)算，則進(jìn)入『權(quán)利中止』期，同時(shí)大部分該地區(qū)的聯(lián)邦補(bǔ)助款也停止撥款。Everythreeyearseachmaintenanceareamustdemonstrate“CONFORMITY”byshowingthatthemobilesourcesmeettheSIPbudgetforthecurrentandfutureanalysisyearsTheanalysismustusetheEPAEmissionsmodelandthebesttransportationdata(VMTs,speeds,vehiclemix,etc.)availableAnareanotabletodemonstrateconformitygoesinto“LAPSE”andmostfederalmoneystopsTransportationConformityRequ20臭氧未達(dá)標(biāo)分類臭氧未達(dá)標(biāo)分類21StateImplementationPlan

(SIP)

州空氣質(zhì)量改善執(zhí)行計(jì)畫Each(Nonattainment)maintenanceareamustdevelopaplan(SIP)detailinghowtheywillmaintaingoodairqualityI/MprogramReformulatedgasVarioustransportationrelatedmeasuresBasedonVMTforecasts,TheSIPassignsallowableemission“budgets”(tons/day)formobilesourcesforfutureyears(2005,2007,etc)每一未達(dá)標(biāo)的地區(qū)必須制定一份州空氣質(zhì)量改善執(zhí)行計(jì)畫，詳細(xì)說明如何維持好的空氣質(zhì)量汽車檢驗(yàn)維修計(jì)劃改良汽油各種交通控制方法根據(jù)車輛行車?yán)锍痰念A(yù)估，州空氣質(zhì)量改善執(zhí)行計(jì)畫對於未來年度指定從移動(dòng)污染源可容許的排污預(yù)算(每日噸數(shù))StateImplementationPlan(SIP22WhatTransportationVariablesImpactEmissions?

那些交通變數(shù)影響排污量SpeedTypeoftripRoadwaytype(interstatetravel,localroadtravel,etc.)LengthoftripNumberanddurationofstopsVehicleDataTypeandageofvehicle(truck,car)BasicemissionsratesdescribingtheemissionscharacteristicsofthevehiclefleetAnticipatedcontrolprogramsVMTbytimeofdayandtimeofyear(temperatureisabigfactor)車速出行種類道路種類出行長度出行中暫停的次數(shù)和停留長度車輛車輛種類及車齡排污率車輛排污控治系統(tǒng)不同時(shí)間及季節(jié)的車輛行車程(溫度是一個(gè)重要的因素)WhatTransportationVariables23RegionalAirQualityConformityAnalysisTOOLS

達(dá)標(biāo)規(guī)劃分析工具TransportationDatabasesMethodstoforecasttravelchanges:GrowthSensitivitytoTransportationPlanactionsMethodstoestimateVMTandspeedchangesTravelmodelsOthertechniquesMethodstoestimateemissionfactorsAdaptationoftheMOBILEsoftware交通數(shù)據(jù)庫預(yù)估交通改變的方法:成長對運(yùn)輸規(guī)畫中所列未來改善計(jì)畫的敏感度分析估計(jì)行車?yán)锍碳败囁俑淖兊姆椒ń煌ㄐ枨竽Ｐ推渌椒ü烙?jì)汽車排污量的方法MOBILE軟件RegionalAirQualityConformit24ProjectLevelTransportationConformityCriteria個(gè)別運(yùn)輸項(xiàng)目達(dá)標(biāo)規(guī)劃程序用最近的規(guī)畫假設(shè)用最新的汽車排污模式相關(guān)機(jī)構(gòu)的協(xié)商交通控制方法目前已達(dá)標(biāo)的運(yùn)輸規(guī)畫及整體項(xiàng)目投資計(jì)劃一氧化碳及可吸入顆粒物的熱點(diǎn)分析可吸入顆粒物控制方法排污預(yù)算及降低LatestplanningassumptionsLatestemissionsmodelInteragencyConsultationTCMsCurrentlyconformingplan/TIPCOandPM-10hotspotsPM-10controlmeasuresEmissionsbudgetoremissionsreductionProjectLevelTransportationC25WhatDoWeLearned?目標(biāo)導(dǎo)向的戰(zhàn)略思考:運(yùn)輸達(dá)標(biāo)規(guī)劃程序可以達(dá)到在解決交通擁擠的同時(shí)，確保改善空氣污染的雙贏目標(biāo)。另外還可以得到一個(gè)非常重要的副產(chǎn)品：

一套可以促進(jìn)有效使用資源的系統(tǒng)評估程序。Goal-orientedStrategicThinking:Transportationconformitycouldachievetheimprovementoftransportationproblems,whileensurethetransportationactivitiesdonotworsenairquality..Awin-winsolutiontobothtransportationandairqualityproblems.Couldgetansystemevaluationprocesstoimprovetheresourcesutilization.WhatDoWeLearned?目標(biāo)導(dǎo)向的戰(zhàn)略思考:26AirQualityConformityProcess

空氣質(zhì)量達(dá)標(biāo)規(guī)劃程序

NewYorkExperience

大紐約地區(qū)的成功經(jīng)驗(yàn)

James

ChiaoDirectorofTechnicalServicesNewYorkMetropolitanTransportationCouncil紐約都會(huì)區(qū)運(yùn)輸委員會(huì)，技術(shù)服務(wù)處

AirQualityConformityProcess27Background

背景介紹AMetropolitanPlanningOrganizationAregionalgovernmentassociationProvideaplatformforpolicyimplementation,projectcoordination,regionalplanning,andfundingallocationAchieve3C(coordinating,continuing,andcomprehensive)transportationplanningrequirements紐約都會(huì)區(qū)運(yùn)輸委員會(huì)一個(gè)區(qū)域性的政府協(xié)會(huì)組織提供一個(gè)執(zhí)行政策、協(xié)調(diào)建設(shè)、進(jìn)行規(guī)劃、分配經(jīng)費(fèi)的平臺

以達(dá)到3C(協(xié)調(diào)性、延續(xù)性、綜合性)的運(yùn)輸規(guī)劃要求Background 背景介紹AMetropolitan28TheNYMTCRegion

紐約都會(huì)區(qū)TheNYMTCRegion

紐約都會(huì)區(qū)29TheNYMTCRegion

紐約都會(huì)區(qū)2,440squaremiles

平方英里12.2millionpopulation

百萬人口477routemilesofcommuterrail

通勤鐵路路線英里數(shù)225routemilesofrailrapidtransit

地鐵路線英里數(shù)22,870centerlinemilesofroadways

各級道路英里數(shù)TheNYMTCRegion紐約都會(huì)區(qū)2,440sq30TransitNetwork

大紐約地區(qū)

公交路網(wǎng)TransitNetwork

大紐約地區(qū)

公交路網(wǎng)31Onanaverage2002weekday,thetransportationsystemcarries

年平均每工作日紐約的運(yùn)輸系統(tǒng)承載:3.1milliononbuses

三百萬公車旅客4.6millionrailrapidtransit

五百萬地鐵旅客550,000passengersoncommuterrail五十五萬通勤鐵路旅客128,500onferries十三萬渡輪旅客150,000onairlines

十五萬航空旅客101,000onPATH

十萬紐約新澤西跨州地鐵旅客205,000onNJTransitRail

二十萬新澤西通勤跨州鐵路旅客520,000onNJTransitBus

五十二萬新澤西跨州公車旅客TheNYMTCRegion

紐約都會(huì)區(qū)Onanaverage2002weekday,th32NYMTCTransportationCapitalProgram

紐約都會(huì)區(qū)政府部門交通工程預(yù)算

2002-

2006‘02‘03‘04‘05‘06聯(lián)邦168155201228245州7155363233地方273142225282259總額512352462542536單位:億人民幣5年總預(yù)算:2兆404

億人民幣5yearsbudget:30billionsNYMTCTransportationCapitalP33NYMTCTransportationCapitalProgram

紐約都會(huì)區(qū)政府部門交通工程預(yù)算

種類分布

2002-

2004三年總預(yù)算:一百四十億美金($14billion)一千一百六十二億人民幣NYMTCTransportationCapitalP34ProjectedVehicularTravelGrowthinNYRegion:NoAction

紐約都會(huì)區(qū)車輛行車?yán)锍坛砷L預(yù)估:保持現(xiàn)狀

SuburbanCounties10-CountyRegionNewYorkCityHighestgrowthratewilloccurinthesuburbsModestgrowthinNewYorkCityProjectedVehicularTravelGro35EffectofTrafficGrowthonSpeeds:NoAction

紐約都會(huì)區(qū)行車速度改變預(yù)估:保持現(xiàn)狀SuburbanCounties10-CountyRegionNewYorkCityCongestionwillworsenandspeedswilldecreaseinthesuburbsSpeedsarealreadyslowinNewYorkCityEffectofTrafficGrowthonSp36EffectoftheTransportationPlaninReducingVehicularTravel

紐約都會(huì)區(qū)長期運(yùn)輸計(jì)劃對降低行車?yán)锍痰挠绊懠~約市郊SuburbanCounties紐約都會(huì)區(qū)10-CountyRegion紐約市NewYorkCityBothNewYorkCityandthesuburbswillBenefitfromtheTransportationPlan19952000200520102015降低約四十萬車?yán)飻?shù)EffectoftheTransportationP37EffectoftheTransportationPlaninReducingCongestion

紐約都會(huì)區(qū)長期運(yùn)輸計(jì)劃對提高行車速度的影響紐約市郊SuburbanCounties紐約都會(huì)區(qū)10-CountyRegion紐約市NewYorkCitySpeedsinthesuburbswillbenefitmoresignificantlyfromtheTransportationPlanEffectoftheTransportationP38EffectoftheTransportationPlaninReducingEmissions

紐約都會(huì)區(qū)長期運(yùn)輸計(jì)畫對降低汽車排污量的影響Toachieve

Conformity,theTransportationPlanmustreduceemissionsfromthe

No-Actioncondition.19952000200520102015NitrousOxide(NOX)Hydrocarbons(HC)運(yùn)輸達(dá)標(biāo)規(guī)畫程序規(guī)定長期運(yùn)輸計(jì)劃必須降低在保持現(xiàn)狀的情況下所產(chǎn)生的汽車排污量EffectoftheTransportationP39Howdoweimproveairqualitywhileimplementthetransportationimprovementprogram?我們?nèi)绾卧诮鉀Q交通擁擠的同時(shí)，確保改善空氣污染?TransportationConformity

運(yùn)輸達(dá)標(biāo)規(guī)劃程序Howdoweimproveairquality40WhatIsTransportationConformity

?

運(yùn)輸達(dá)標(biāo)規(guī)劃程序TransportationconformityisawaytoensurethatFederalfundingandapprovalaregiventothosetransportationactivitiesthatareconsistentwithairqualitygoals.Itensuresthatthesetransportationactivitiesdonotworsenairqualityorinterferewiththe"purpose"oftheSIP,whichistomeettheNAAQS.MeetingtheNAAQSoftenrequiresemissionsreductionsfrommobilesources.運(yùn)輸達(dá)標(biāo)規(guī)劃程序確保聯(lián)邦經(jīng)費(fèi)及核準(zhǔn)是給予合乎達(dá)到空氣質(zhì)量目標(biāo)的運(yùn)輸項(xiàng)目。同時(shí)確保這些運(yùn)輸項(xiàng)目不會(huì)使空氣質(zhì)量惡化或干擾以達(dá)到國家空氣質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)為目的的州執(zhí)行計(jì)畫。為達(dá)到國家空氣質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，時(shí)常需要自移動(dòng)污染源降低排污量。WhatIsTransportationConform41KeyFactorsofTransportationConformity

運(yùn)輸達(dá)標(biāo)規(guī)劃程序的成功要素TransportationConformityLinkedtoFundingTransportationConformityLinkedtoTransportationPlanningOptionsandTrade-offsBetweenEmissionReductionStrategiesCAALinkagestoTransportationPlanningChallengesforTransportationOfficials和聯(lián)邦經(jīng)費(fèi)掛鉤和運(yùn)輸規(guī)劃掛鉤權(quán)衡各種降低排污量的策略潔凈空氣法案和運(yùn)輸規(guī)劃掛鉤交通部門官員所面臨的挑戰(zhàn)KeyFactorsofTransportation42TransportationConformity&Pollutants

運(yùn)輸達(dá)標(biāo)規(guī)劃程序

及

污染物Transportationconformityappliestothefollowingcriteriapollutants:Ozone,Carbonmonoxide(CO),Nitrogendioxide(NO2),andParticleswithanaerodynamicdiameterlessthanorequalto10microns(PM-10).運(yùn)輸達(dá)標(biāo)規(guī)程序應(yīng)用於四項(xiàng)空氣污染物臭氧一氧化碳二氧化氮可吸入顆粒物TransportationConformity&Po43InteragencyconsultationRegionalemissionsanalysisProjectlevelanalysisForTCMsthatareincludedinanapprovedSIP,assuranceoftimelyimplementationofTCMs,CertainISTEA,nowTEA-21,planningrequirements(e.g.,fiscalconstraint).Themajorrequirementsofthe

TransportationConformityProcess

運(yùn)輸達(dá)標(biāo)規(guī)劃程序的主要內(nèi)涵相關(guān)機(jī)構(gòu)的協(xié)商程序區(qū)域排污量分析個(gè)別運(yùn)輸項(xiàng)目分析確保在州執(zhí)行計(jì)畫內(nèi)的交通控制方法得以適時(shí)的實(shí)施聯(lián)邦運(yùn)輸法案中對運(yùn)輸規(guī)劃的要求(如財(cái)政限制)

InteragencyconsultationThem44CAARequirements

美國潔凈空氣法案的要求

AccordingtotheCAA,transportationplans,programs,andprojectscannot:CreatenewNAAQSviolations;IncreasethefrequencyorseverityofexistingNAAQSviolations;orDelayattainmentoftheNAAQS.

根據(jù)美國潔凈空法案，運(yùn)輸規(guī)畫、運(yùn)輸工作計(jì)畫以及個(gè)別項(xiàng)目不能：產(chǎn)生新的空氣質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)違規(guī)；增加現(xiàn)有違規(guī)的發(fā)生頻率或是嚴(yán)重性；或是延誤達(dá)到國家空氣質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。CAARequirements

美國潔凈空氣法案的要求45TransportationConformityRequirements

運(yùn)輸達(dá)標(biāo)規(guī)劃程序的要求每隔三年，每一未達(dá)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的地區(qū)必須展示其移動(dòng)污染源的目前及未來年的空氣污染分析都合乎州執(zhí)行計(jì)畫的污染預(yù)算。空氣污染分析必須使用環(huán)保署的空氣污染模式及最佳可得到的交通數(shù)據(jù)(車輛行車?yán)锍?，車速，車種混合比例等)。任何地區(qū)不能展示能夠合乎州執(zhí)行計(jì)畫的空氣污染預(yù)算，則進(jìn)入『權(quán)利中止』期，同時(shí)大部分該地區(qū)的聯(lián)邦補(bǔ)助款也停止撥款。Everythreeyearseachmaintenanceareamustdemonstrate“CONFORMITY”byshowingthatthemobilesourcesmeettheSIPbudgetforthecurrentandfutureanalysisyearsTheanalysismustusetheEPAEmissionsmodelandthebesttransportationdata(VMTs,speeds,vehiclemix,etc.)availableAnareanotabletodemonstrateconformitygoesinto“LAPSE”andmostfederalmoneystopsTransportationConformityRequ46臭氧未達(dá)標(biāo)分類臭氧未達(dá)標(biāo)分類47StateImplementationPlan

(SIP)

州空氣質(zhì)量改善執(zhí)行計(jì)畫Each(Nonattainment)maintenanceareamustdevelopaplan(SIP)detailinghowtheywillmaintaingoodairqualityI/MprogramReformulatedgasVarioustransportationrelatedmeasuresBasedonVMTforecasts,TheSIPassignsallowableemission“budgets”(tons/day)formobilesourcesforfutureyears(2005,2007,etc)每一未達(dá)標(biāo)的地區(qū)必須制定一份州空氣質(zhì)量改善執(zhí)行計(jì)畫，詳細(xì)說明如何維持好的空氣質(zhì)量汽車檢驗(yàn)維修計(jì)劃改良汽油各種交通控制方法根據(jù)車輛行車?yán)锍痰念A(yù)估，州空氣質(zhì)量改善執(zhí)行計(jì)畫對於未來年度指定從移動(dòng)污染源可容許的排污預(yù)算(每日噸數(shù))StateImplementationPlan(SIP48WhatTransportationVariablesImpactEmissions?

那些交通變數(shù)影響排污量SpeedTypeoftripRoadwaytype(interstate