虛擬語氣復(fù)習(xí)

《虛擬語氣復(fù)習(xí)》教學(xué)設(shè)計江蘇省海門中學(xué)東雪珍課型：高三一輪復(fù)習(xí)教學(xué)內(nèi)容：虛擬語氣用法復(fù)習(xí)教學(xué)目標(biāo)：學(xué)生掌握主要虛擬語氣考點、提高單項選擇題解題能力，同時提升閱讀、寫作能力。教學(xué)步驟：一、導(dǎo)入：以殘奧會滑雪冠軍ChrisWaddell的演講導(dǎo)入虛擬語氣，在真實的語境中呈現(xiàn)虛擬語氣。Acoupleofyearsago,IspentalotoftimeinTibet;Ieventuallywenthome.OnedayIwenttocheckmymail.OnthewaythereImetalittlegirl,whowasaboutsix.Sheaskedme, ‘Whathappenelegs?'ItoldherthatIwasaskiracerhere.OnceIskiedwithmyfriends.Whentakingacoupleoftrainingruns,Ifellandbroketwovertebrae（椎骨）.Shereplied,‘Syou'Iheverwalkagain?'Andsaid,‘No,probablynot!'Thensheleftandsaid, ‘That'stoobad.'IwishthatIhadstoppedherbecauseifIhadneverhadmyaccident,Ineverwouldhavebeenthebestintheworldatanything.Iwouldn'thaveturnedahobbyintoaprofession.Idon 'tthinkIwouldhavehaithecouragetogetupinfrontofyouandtalk.Iwouldn 'thaveactedinasoapopera,andIwouldnmetpresidentsandheadsofstates.But,allthatlittlegirlsawwasthetragedy;shedidn 'tseethepoten-aCgiirftsWaddellChampionparalympic（殘奧會）skier二、考點回顧（講練結(jié)合，以單選為主，配有變式練習(xí)，如翻譯、句型轉(zhuǎn)換、填空等）（一）虛擬語氣在條件句中的運用讓學(xué)生回憶語法規(guī)則，然后呈現(xiàn)以下表格類別從句謂語動詞形式主句謂語動詞形式過去haddonewould/could/should/mighthavedone現(xiàn)在were/didwould/could/should/mightdo將來wereto/did/shoulddowould/could/should/mightdo【即時練習(xí)】1） theclouds,youwouldfindtheairplaneintheskyeasily.Haditnotbeenfor B.IfitwerenotC.Ifithadnotbeenfor D.Wereitnotfor2） WewouldhavecalledataxiyesterdayifHarold usaridehome.（天津卷）didn'tofferC.hasn'tofferedwouldn'tofferD.hadn'tofferedSorry,Iamtoobusynow.IfI time,Iwouldcertainlygoforanoutingwithyou. (湖南卷)A.havehad B.hadhadC.have D.hadIfmycar morereliable,IwouldhavedriventoLhasainsteadofflyinglastsummer.(陜西卷)A.wasB.hadbeenC.shouldbeD.wouldbe (keys:DDDB)A.wasB.hadbeenC.shouldbe注意點:if的省略Werethetraintoarrivelate,whatshouldwedo?tIfthetrainweretoarrivelate …Werethetraintoarrivelate,whatshouldwedo?Hadyougotherefiveminutesearlier,youwouldhavecaughtsightofthefilmstar.tIfyouhadgot…Shouldtheworldendtomorrow,Iwoulddonothingtoday.tIftheworldshouldendtomorrow…用法點撥：在If引導(dǎo)的虛擬條件句中省略 if時，只需把從句中的 had,should或were置于句首，主句不變?！炯磿r練習(xí)】 hedrivenmorecarefully,theaccidentcouldhavebeenavoidedyesterday.A.Were B.Had C.Have D.WouldhaveGracedoesn'twanttomovetoNewYorkbecauseshethinksifshe there,shewouldn'tbeabletoseeherparentsveryoften.(安徽卷)A.lives B.wouldlive C.havingasked D.weretolive (萬一你被解雇的話),Iwillpayyoutenthousand.(Keys:BDShouldyoubefired/Ifyoushouldbefired/Wereyoutobefired/Ifyouweretobefired)提醒：當(dāng)條件從句使用 “should動詞原形”這樣的謂語時， 主句也可用陳述語氣或祈使句。e.g.Shouldafireoccur,staycalm!含蓄條件句翻譯：如果沒有自然災(zāi)害，人會生活得更幸福。Iftherewerenonaturaldisasters,humanbeingswouldliveahappierlife.tWithout/Butfornaturaldisasters,humanbeingswouldliveahappierlife.用法點撥：虛擬語氣的含蓄可以通過一些詞或短語體現(xiàn)，如： with,without,or,otherwise,butfor等?！炯磿r練習(xí)】1)We Johnsnameonthera(1)We Johnsnameonthera(t^^sterdaybutforhisrecentinjury.(2011江西卷28)D.wouldhaveputD.wouldhavecomeD.wouldhaveputD.wouldhavecomeA.willput B.willhaveput C.wouldputHewasverybusyyesterday,otherwisehe tothemeeting.A.came B.hadcomeC.wouldcometIfhehadnotbeenbusyyesterday,hewouldhavecometothemeeting.Welostourwayinthatsmallvillage,otherwisewe moreplacesofinterestyesterday.(福建卷)A.visitedB.hadvisitedC.wouldvisitD.wouldhavevisitedI throughthatbitterperiodwithoutyourgeneroushelp.(陜西卷)A.couldn'thavegoneB.didn'tgo C.wouldn'tgoD.hadn'tgone(keys:DDDA)混合虛擬語氣從句與主句動作發(fā)生的時間不同。此時，需要按時間來確定虛擬形式。如：Ifhehadlistenedtome,hewouldnotbeintroublenow.用法點撥：從句與過去事實相反，主句與現(xiàn)在事實相反IfIwereyou,Iwouldnothavestayeduplatelastnight.用法點撥：從句與現(xiàn)在事實相反，主句與過去事實相反【即時練習(xí)】MaybeifI science,andnotliteraturethen,Iwouldbeabletogiveyoumorehelp.(北京卷)A.studiedB.wouldstudyC.hadstudiedD.wasstudyingIt'shardtoimaginewhatlife (be)liketodayiftherehadnotbeenadvancedtechnologies.(keys:C,wouldbe)(二)虛擬語氣在名詞性句中的運用以兩道例題以及兩道變式練習(xí)題呈現(xiàn)虛擬語氣在主語從句、賓語從句、同位語從句、表語從句的用法：Theschoolrecommendsparents theirchildrentoswiminriversduringsummerholidays.A.notpermitB.donotpermitC.mustn'tpermit D.couldn'tpermitTOC\o"1-5"\h\zt thatparentsnotpermittheirchildren …王先生提出建議，每年多種一些樹。MrWangputforwardasuggestionthat .tThesuggestionputforwardbyMrWangwasthat .(keys:1)A,Itisrecommended2)moretreesshouldbeplantedeveryyear【即時練習(xí)】具體用法復(fù)習(xí):虛擬語氣在主語句中的運用It＋is＋suggested/ordered/recommended/requested/required/desired/insisted/proposedthat...句型中用“(should＋)do”表示建議、命令或請求等。有人提議更多的學(xué)生應(yīng)該上大學(xué)。Itisproposedthatmorestudents(should)gotouniversity.It＋is＋important/necessary/strange/naturalthat …Itisapity/ashamethat...句型中用“(should＋)動詞原形”表示虛擬語氣。e.g.It'snecessarythatastudent(should)havegoodmanners.Itisapitythattheteachershouldmisssuchagoodopportunity.比較：It'sapitythatyoumsedthebeginningofthefilm.虛擬語氣在賓語從句中的運用用于表示建議、命令、要求、愿望等詞后的賓語從句中，其虛擬語氣的結(jié)構(gòu)為“ should+動詞原形”，should可省略。常見動詞：一個堅持，兩個命令，三個建議，四個要求。即insist,order/command,advise/suggest/propose,demand,require,request,desire比較：當(dāng)suggest表示暗示，表明”、insist表示堅持認(rèn)為，堅持說"時，后接的賓語從句中應(yīng)當(dāng)用陳述語氣。翻譯下列句子：他的沉默表明他同意我的決定。Hissileneesuggestedthatheagreedwithmydecision.他堅持說他沒有偷錢。Heinsistedthathehadn'tstolenthemoney.wish后接賓語從句用括號中動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空：IwishI (be)asstrongasyou.Iwishyou (go)withustomorrow.IwishI (tell)himthewaytothesupermarketjustnow.(were,wouldgo/went,hadtold)用法點撥：wish后的賓語從句，用一般過去式表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反, 用haddone表示與過去事實相反，用woulddo表示與將來事實相反。wouldrather后接從句改錯：Iwouldratheryouwouldcometomorrow.Iwouldratheryoucametomorrow.用括號中動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空：Iwouldratheryou (do)itrightnow.Iwouldratheryou (do)thehouseworkyesterday.(did,haddone)用法點撥：wouldrather后接從句時，用過去式表示與現(xiàn)在/將來事實相反,用haddone表示與過去事實相反?！炯磿r練習(xí)】Gorgeisgoingtotalkaboutthegeographyofhiscountry,butI 'dratherhe moreonitsculti(江蘇)A.focus B.focused C.wouldfocus D.hadfocused(B)虛擬語氣在同位語、表語從句中的運用

在與suggestion,proposal,order,request,advice,demand等詞有關(guān)的表語從句、同位語從句中用“(should*動詞原形”表示虛擬語氣。如：MyadviceisthatyoushouldpractisespeakingEnglishasoftenaspossible.Therequestthattheyshouldgetmoreisreasonable.【即時練習(xí)】Mysuggestionisthatyou muchmeat.A.wouldn'ttakeB.shallnottakeC.nothave D.won'thave(C)(三)虛擬語氣的幾種特殊情況ifonly若是…那該多好??；真希望..;只要…就好IfonlyIhadarrivedintime!Ifonlyshedidn'tdrivesofast.在asif/asthough從句中Itlookedasifsheweremadeofice.Shetalksasthoughshehadbeentothemoonbyherself.特別提醒：asif后接從句也可用陳述語氣。e.g.Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain.It's(high/right)timethat …that從句中用虛擬語氣：謂語用過去時或 should+動詞原形”其中should不能省略)。Itis(high)timethattheteacherputanendtothisdiscussion.Itis(high)timethatweshouldstartout.【即時練習(xí)】1)---ThisisthefirsttimeI myfirstpicturewithmyownhands.---It'stimethatyou apictureforme.A.took;took B.havetaken;tooktook;willtake D.willtake;havetakenYouunderstandnotonlywhattherulesaysbutwhatitmeans,asifyouyourself it.A.make B.made C.havemade D.hadmade(BD)三、鞏固練習(xí)單項選擇:1)Maryinsistedthatheradvice correctandthatit takenrightaway.A.was;be B.was;mustbe2)—Ididn A.was;be B.was;mustbe2)—Ididn 'tattendthelectureyesterday.—I ,either,ifmymotherhadnA.wouldn't B.wouldn'tbavC.be;shouldbe'tremindedme.C.didn'tD.be;wouldbeD.hadn'tTheordercamethatthemedicalsupplies toBeijingfortheH7N9flusoon.Theordercamethatthemedicalsupplies toBeijingfortheH7N9flusoon.A.wouldbesentB.shouldsendC.besentD.mustbesentA.wouldbesentB.shouldsendC.besentD.mustbesent—Itwasthedrug,notthedisease,thatkilledtheboy.—Hewouldbestillalivetodayifhe thatdrug.A.nottakeB.shouldn'thavetakenC.didn'ttakeD.hadn'ttakenIfRose herdiamondinasaferplace,it stolen.A.hadput;mightnothavebeen B.hadput;couldbeC.hadput;mightbe D.hadnotput;couldnothavebeenButfortheirhelp,we theprogramintime.A.cannotfinishB.willnotfinishC.hadnotfinishedD.couldnothavefinished-It'sreallyapitythatIdidn 'tseeyouinShanghai.--I toseeyouinthehotel,butIwastoobusy.A.hope B.hadhoped C.hoped D.amhoping itrain,thecropswouldbesaved.A.Will B.Should C.Would D.Could(Keys:ABCDADBB)閱讀理解1)閱讀并選擇正確答案HadU.SAirwaysCaptainChesleySullenbergernotguidedhisjettoasafelandingontheHudsonRiver,justwestofNewYorkCity,morethan100peopleontheplanemighthavedied,alongwithmanymoreontheground.Whatdoweknowaboutthe ‘MiracleontheHudson'?Theplanecrashedtotheground.About100peoplediedintheincident.Thecaptainhandledthesituationmasterfully.TheplanetookofffromJohnF.KennedyAirport.(C)2)PutthefollowingsentenceintoChinese.Simplesolutionssuchasallowinggrassaroundtherunwaystogrowseveralincheshighercankeepawayflocksofgeesethatwouldotherwisebedrawntotheshortgrass.簡單的方法如讓跑道周圍的草長高幾英寸就能趕走天鵝群，而如果草低矮一些的話，這些天鵝就會被吸引過來。四、名言(含虛擬語氣)通過記名言學(xué)語法。Iftherewerenoclouds,wewouldnotenjoythesun.---AlfredTennyson.(阿爾弗雷德.丁尼生)經(jīng)歷風(fēng)雨，怎么見彩虹。Lifewouldbetoosmoothifithadnorubs(困難)init.Withoutapurposenothingshouldbedone.Willyoulookbackonlifeandsay, ‘IwishIh‘a(chǎn)dI''mgo