PEP人教版小學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法及習(xí)題

PAGEPAGE8小學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法及習(xí)題一、名詞復(fù)數(shù)規(guī)則一般情況下，直接加-s，如：book-books,bag-bags,cat-cats,bed-bedss.x.sh.ch-es，如：bus-buses,box-boxes,brush-brushes,watch-watches3．以“輔音字母+y”yi,再加-es，如：family-families,strawberry-strawberries4．以“ffe”ffev,再加-es，如：knife-knives5．不規(guī)則名詞復(fù)數(shù)：man-men,woman-women,policeman-policemen,policewoman-policewomen,mouse-micechild-children,foot-feet,.tooth-teethfish-fish,people-people,Chinese-Chinese,Japanese-Japanese寫(xiě)出下列各詞的復(fù)數(shù)I him this her watch child photo diary day foot book dress tooth sheep box strawberry thief yo-yo peach sandwich man woman paper juice water milk rice tea 二、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的功能表示事物或人物的特征、狀態(tài)。如：Theskyisblue.天空是藍(lán)色的。表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。如：Igetupatsixevery3.表示客觀現(xiàn)實(shí)。如：Theearthgoesaroundthesun.地球繞著太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的構(gòu)成be動(dòng)詞：主語(yǔ)+be(am,is,are)+Iama我是一個(gè)男孩。行為動(dòng)詞：主語(yǔ)+行為動(dòng)詞(+其它)Westudy我們學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)。(he,she,it或是名詞單數(shù))"-s"或"-es"如：MarylikesChinese.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的變化1.be動(dòng)詞的變化。否定句：主語(yǔ)+be+not+其它。如：Heisnotaworker.他不是工人。一般疑問(wèn)句：Be+主語(yǔ)+其它。如：-Areyouastudent?-Yes.Iam./No,I'mnot.特殊疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句。如：Whereismybike?2.行為動(dòng)詞的變化。否定句：主語(yǔ)+don't(doesn't)+動(dòng)詞原形(+其它)。如：Idon'tlikebread.doesn'tHedoesn'toftenplay.一般疑問(wèn)句：Do(Does)+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其它。如：Doyouoftenplayfootball?Yes,Ido./No,Idon't.當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，要用does構(gòu)成一般疑問(wèn)句。如：Doesshegotoworkbybike?Yes,shedoes./No,shedoesn't.特殊疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句。如：Howdoesyourfathergotowork?動(dòng)詞+s的變化規(guī)則一般情況下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks,milk-milkss.x.sh.ch.o-es，如：guess-guesses,wash-washes,watch-watches,3．以“輔音字母+y”yi,再加-es，如：study-studies一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)用法專練:一、寫(xiě)出下列動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù)drink go stay make look have pass carry come watch plant fly study brush do 二、用括號(hào)內(nèi)動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。Heoften (have)dinnerathome.DanielandTommy (be)inClassOne.We (notwatch)TVonMonday.Nick (notgo)tothezooonSunday. they (like)theWorldCup?

teach What theyoften (do)onSaturdays? yourparents (read)newspaperseveryday?Thegirl (teach)usEnglishonSundays.SheandI (take)awalktogethereveryevening.There (be)somewaterinthebottle.Mike (like)cooking.They (have)thesamehobby.Myaunt (look)afterherbabycarefully.Youalways (do)yourhomeworkwell.I (be)ill.I’mstayinginbed.She (go)toschoolfromMondaytoFriday.LiuTao (do)notlikePE.Thechildoften (watch)TVintheevening.SuHaiandSuYang (have)eightlessonsthis20.－Whatday (be)ittoday?－It’sSaturday.三、按照要求改寫(xiě)句子DanielwatchesTVeveryevening.(改為否定句)Idomyhomeworkevery改為一般疑問(wèn)句，作否定回答)Shelikesmilk.(改為一般疑問(wèn)句，作肯定回答)Amylikesplayingcomputer改為一般疑問(wèn)句，作否定回答)Wegotoschoolevery改為否定句)HespeaksEnglishverywell.(改為否定句)Iliketakingphotosinthepark.(對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn))JohncomesfromCanada.(對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn))Sheisalwaysagoodstudent.(改為一般疑問(wèn)句，作否定回答)SimonandDaniellikegoingskating.(改為否定句)五、改錯(cuò)(劃出錯(cuò)誤的地方，將正確的寫(xiě)在橫線上)IsyourbrotherspeakEnglish? Doeshelikesgoingfishing? Helikesplaygamesafterclass. Mr.WuteachsusEnglish.ShedondherhomeworkonSundays. 三、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)1段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。be+ing.benot。be動(dòng)詞調(diào)到句首。+be+主語(yǔ)+ing?但疑問(wèn)詞當(dāng)主語(yǔ)時(shí)其結(jié)構(gòu)為：疑問(wèn)詞+be+動(dòng)詞ing?動(dòng)詞加ing的變化規(guī)則1．一般情況下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking2．以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾，去e加ing，如：make-making,taste-tasting3．如果末尾是一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音字母，雙寫(xiě)末尾的輔音字母，再加 ing，如run-running,stop-stopping現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)專項(xiàng)練習(xí)：一、寫(xiě)出下列動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞：play run swim make go like write _ski read have sing dance put see buy love live take come get stop sit begin shop 二、用所給的動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空：Theboy (draw)apicturenow.Listen.Somegirls (sing)intheclassroom.Mymother (cook)somenicefood now.What you (do)now?Look.They (have)anEnglishlesson.They (not,water)theflowersnow.Look!Thegirls (dance)intheclassroom.Whatisourgranddaughterdoing?She (listen)tomusic.It’s5o’clocknow.We (have)supper10. Helen (wash)clothes?Yes,sheis.三、句型轉(zhuǎn)換：Theyaredoinghousework.分別改成一般疑問(wèn)句和否定句)Thestudentsarecleaningtheclassroom.(改一般疑問(wèn)句并作肯定和否定回答)I’mplayingthefootballintheplayground.(對(duì)劃線部分進(jìn)行提問(wèn))Tomisreadingbooksinhisstudy對(duì)劃線部分進(jìn)行提問(wèn))四、一般將來(lái)時(shí)一、概念：表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計(jì)劃或準(zhǔn)備做某事。句中一般有以下時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：tomorrow,nextday(week,month,year…),soon,thedayaftertomorrow（后天）等。二、基本結(jié)構(gòu)：①begoingto+do；②will+do.三、否定句：在be動(dòng)詞（am,is,are）后加not或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞will后加not成won’t。例如：I’mgoingtohaveapicnicthisafternoon.→I’mnotgoingtohaveapicnicthisafternoon.四、一般疑問(wèn)句：be或will提到句首，some改為any,and改為or，第一二人稱互換。例如：Wearegoingtogoonanoutingthisweekend.→Areyougoingtogoonanoutingt weekend?五、對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)。一般情況，一般將來(lái)時(shí)的對(duì)劃線部分有三種情況。問(wèn)人。Who例如：I’mgoingtoNewYorksoon→Who’sgoingtoNewYorksoon.問(wèn)干什么。Whatdo.例如：Myfatherisgoingtowatcharacewithmethisafternoon.→Whatisyourfathergoingtodowithyouthisafternoon.問(wèn)什么時(shí)候。When.例如：She’sgoingtogotobedatnine.→Whenisshegoingtobed?六、同義句：begoingto=willIamgoingtogoswimmingtomorrow（明天）.=Iwillgoswimmingtomorrow.練習(xí)：填空。我打算明天和朋友去野炊。I haveapicnicwithmyfriends.I haveapicnicwithmyfriends.?我想去打籃球。What nextMonday?I playbasketball.What youdonextMonday?I playbasketball.3.你媽媽這個(gè)周末去購(gòu)物嗎？是，她要去買(mǎi)一些水果。 yourmother goshoppingthis ?Yes,she .She buysomefruit.4.你們打算什么時(shí)候見(jiàn)面。Whattime you meet?Nancyisgoingtogocamping.（改否定）Nancy goingtogocamping.I’llgoandjointhem.（改否定）I go jointhem.I’mgoingtogetupat6:30改一般疑問(wèn)句） togetupat6:30tomorrow?Wewillmeetatthebusstopat改一般疑問(wèn)句） meetatthebusstopat10:30.Sheisgoingtolistentomusicafterschool.（對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)） she afterschool?Myfatherandmotheraregoingtoseeaplaythedayafter同上) goingtoseeaplaythedayaftertomorrowPEP小學(xué)英語(yǔ)重點(diǎn)句型語(yǔ)法總結(jié)人教版PEP教材在小學(xué)階段涉及的重要語(yǔ)法知識(shí)主要有7種：tobe句型、therebecan引導(dǎo)的型、begoingto5-8冊(cè)書(shū)為例，簡(jiǎn)要總結(jié)如下：[一]tobe句型：用于介紹個(gè)人情況如姓名、健康狀況、身份、國(guó)籍、家庭成員、朋友、職業(yè)等，描述5—8型主要有：Who’syourEnglishteacher? Mr.Carter.What’shelike? He’stallandstrong.Isshequiet?No,sheisn’t. Sheisveryactive.Isshestrict? Yes,sheis,butshe’sverykind.Whatdayisittoday?It’sWednesday.What’syourfavouritefruit/food…?They’resweet/sour/salty/healthy/…Whenisyourbirthday?It’sinMay.MybirthdayisinJune. UncleBill’sbirthdayisinJune,too.IsherbirthdayinJune? Yes,itis.What’sthedate?ThisisZhangPeng.Whereisthecinema,please?It’snexttothehospital.Howtallareyou？I’m164cmtall.Youareshorterthanme.16.You’re4cmtallerthanme.17.Howheavyareyou? I’m48I’mthinnerthanyou,andshorter.What’sthematterwithyou? Mythroatissore.Howareyou,LiuYun/Sarah?[二]therebe句型：某處有某物”或“某時(shí)有某事”is+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞+時(shí)間或地點(diǎn)。Thereare+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)+地點(diǎn)。該句型主要分布在第Unit5Unit6中，如：Therearetwobedrooms,akitchen,abathroomandalivingroom.Thereisamirror,abedandabigcloset.Isthereaforestinthepark? Yes,thereis.Isthereariver? No,thereisn’t.Arethereanypandasinthemountains? No,therearen’t.Arethereanyfishintherivers? Yes,thereare.[三]一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)句型：+行為動(dòng)詞ses，其他人稱作主語(yǔ)時(shí)則用動(dòng)dodoes。這種句型通常有一些標(biāo)志詞，如：usuallyoftensometimesneveralways5Unit2&36Unit1&2,7Unit4,5,6,8Unit2中。如：Book5:WhatdoyouhaveonThursdays? WehaveEnglish,mathandscienceonThursdays.WhatdoyoudoonSaturdays? IwatchTVonSaturdays.Idomyhomework.WhatdoyouhaveforlunchonMondays? Wehavetomatoes,tofuandfish.Ilikefruit.ButIdon’tlikegrapes.Book6:Whendoyoueatdinner?Ieatdinnerat7:00intheevening.Whendoyougetup? Iusuallygetupat12:00noon.Whatdoyoudoontheweekend? UsuallyIwatchTVandgoshopping.SometimesIvisitmygrandparents.Ioftenplayfootball.SometimesIgohiking.Whichseasondoyoulikebest?Ilikewinterbest.Whydoyoulikesummer/winter?Book7:Howdoyougotoschool,Sarah?UsuallyIgotoschoolonfoot. SometimesIgobybike.Ilikecollectingstamps.Helikescollectingstamps,too.Doessheteachmath? Yes,shedoes.DoessheteachEnglish？No,shedoesn’t. Sheteachesmath.Whatdoesyourmotherdo? Whatdoesyourfatherdo?Wheredoesshework? Sheworksinacarcompany.Howdoesshegotowork? Shegoestoworkbybus.Wheredoestheraincomefrom? Itcomesfromtheclouds.Wheredoesthecloudcomefrom? Itcomesfromthevapour.Wheredoesthevapourcomefrom? Itcomesfromthewaterintheriver.Thesunshinesandthewaterbecomesvapour.HowdoyoudoBook8:Mynosehurts.Howdoyoufeel? Ifeelsick. HowdoesAmyfeel?Youlooksohappy. Youlooksadtoday.[四]現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)句型：nowLook!Listen!等后面。句型主要結(jié)構(gòu)為：be動(dòng)詞（am,is,are）+動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞(v.ing)6Unit4,5,6中。如：Whatareyoudoing? I’mdoingthedishes. I’mreadingabook.Grandpaiswritingaletter. Brotherisdoinghomework.Momiscookingdinnerinkitchen.Heiswritingane-mailinthestudy.Whatisitdoing? It’seatingbananas.Whatisshedoing? She’sjumping.Whataretheydoing? They’reswimming. They’reclimbingtrees.Areyoueatinglunch? No,wearen’t.Aretheyeatingthehoney? Yes,theyare.Isheplayingchess? Yes,heis.Isshecountinginsects? No,sheisn’t.[五]一般過(guò)去時(shí)句型：表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的而現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)結(jié)束的事件、動(dòng)作或情況。句型基本結(jié)構(gòu)為：主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式+其他。標(biāo)志詞通常是：yesterday,lastweek, lastyear等，在問(wèn)句與否定句中要用助詞did。該句型分布在第8冊(cè)Unit3&4中。如：Whatdidyoudolastweekend? Iplayedfootball.Didyouhelpthemcleantheirroom? Yes,I3.Whatdidyoudoyesterday? Iwentfishing.Did