2023屆棗莊市薛城區(qū)高三最后一模英語(yǔ)試題（含解析）

2023學(xué)年高考英語(yǔ)模擬測(cè)試卷注意事項(xiàng)：1．答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。2．回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑，如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其它答案標(biāo)號(hào)。回答非選擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無(wú)效。3．考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分（共20小題，每小題1.5分，滿分30分）1．Allthephotographsinthisbook,statedotherwise,datefromthe1950s.A．unless B．until C．once D．if2．Itwasjustatthetimethebellranghefinishedthelastwordinhiscomposition. A．when;which B．that;when C．when;that D．that;which3．—Iamsearchingoneonlineshoppingsiteafteranotherforacomputer.—So__________IbeforeIdecidedtobuyanewcamera.A．had B．have C．a(chǎn)m D．would4．OurEnglishteacher,havingexplainedtoushowtodesignaproject,allowedusawholeweek’spreparationandthen______theclass.A．todismiss B．dismissedC．dismissing D．havingdismissed5．AccordingtoTheSun,Britishscientistshavesolvedtheancientriddleof________camefirst—chickenoregg?A．whoB．whatC．whichD．that6．－WhataboutinvitingTracytohosttheparty?－Goodidea!Sheisveryquickinmind.Oh,_______,hereshecomes.A．don’tpullmyleg B．a(chǎn)littlebirdtoldmeC．speakofthedevil D．it’sapieceofcake7．He________whethertosetasidetheminordifferences，thenhedid．A．debated B．predictedC．plotted D．calculated8．——Congratulationsonyourpromotion.Gooutfordinner,OK?——Good!__________,justyouandme.A．FollowmeB．MytreatC．MypleasureD．Allowme9．Youaresupposedtoleaveyourchild________hishomeworkalone.A．do B．todoC．beingdone D．done10．––Cathyisnotcomingtoyourbirthdaypartytonight.––Butshe______!A．promisedB．promisesC．willpromiseD．hadpromised11．8studentsand2teachersatSantaFeHighSchoolbya17-year-studentarmedwithashotgunandapistol.Thisisoneofthemanygun-relatedtragediesthathavehappenedinthelast2years.A．killedB．werekilledC．havekilledD．havebeenkilled12．--Whenwillyoucomehomefordinner?I’llprepareitforyou.--Don’t________it.I’lleatoutwithmyfriends.A．careabout B．worryabout C．botherabout D．talkabout13．ifIhadarrivedyesterdaywithoutlettingyouknowbeforehand?A．Wouldyoubesurprised B．WereyousurprisedC．Hadyoubeensurprised D．Wouldyouhavebeensurprised14．---MyGod!Ihaven’tpreparedthefilesforthenewprojectyet!---_______.Thebosswon’tneedituntilnextFriday.A．There’snodoubt B．There’snopanic C．Goodluck D．Soundsgood15．_____thelawyers,volunteersfromtheLibyanRedCrossSocietyalsojoinedtheeffortsinhelpingtheChinesegohomesafely.A．Exceptfor B．Inspiteof C．Apartfrom D．Insteadof16．_______progressitis,youcan’tstopmovingforward.A．WhatevergreatB．HowevergreatC．NomatterhowgreatD．Howgreata17．It’sreallystupidofyou____himthenewsyesterdaysothatithasbeendisturbinghimallthetime．A．havingtold B．telling C．totell D．tohavetold18．Itwas______wewerereturninghome______Irealizedwhatagoodfeelingitwastohavehelpedsomeoneintrouble.A．when;before B．when;thatC．before;where D．how;that19．—________thewomanwiththebabycomeover?Wehaveaseathere.—Thankyou,sir.ActuallyIdohavemyseathere.Butmybabylikestolookoutofthewindow.A．Would B．ShallC．Must D．May20．Historicsitesimpresswriterswiththeiramazingbeauty,whichareagreatsourceof________.A．inspirationB．compositionC．occupationD．combination第二部分閱讀理解（滿分40分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。21．（6分）Inrecentyears,agrowingbodyofresearchhasshownthatourappetiteandfoodintakeareinfluencedbyalargenumberoffactorsbesidesourbiologicalneedforenergy,includingoureatingenvironmentandourperception（感知）ofthefoodinfrontofus.Studieshaveshown,forinstance,thateatinginfrontoftheTV(orasimilardistraction)canincreasebothhungerandtheamountoffoodconsumed.Evensimplevisualclues,likeplatesizeandlighting,havebeenshowntoaffectportionsizeandconsumption.Anewstudysuggestedthatourshort-termmemoryalsomayplayaroleinappetite.Severalhoursafterameal,people'shungerlevelswerepredictednotbyhowmuchthey’deatenbutratherbyhowmuchfoodthey'dseeninfrontofthem—inotherwords,howmuchtheyrememberedeating.Thisdisparity(新舊研究的差異）suggeststhememoryofourpreviousmealmayhaveabiggerinfluenceonourappetitethantheactualsizeofthemeal,saysJeffreyM.Brunstrom,aprofessorofexperimentalpsychologyattheUniversityofBristol."Hungerisn'tcontrolledindividuallybythephysicalcharacteristicsofarecentmeal.Wehaveidentifiedanindependentroleformemoryforthatmeal，"Brunstromsays."Thisshowsthattherelationshipbetweenhungerandfoodintakeismorecomplexthanwethought."Thesefindingsechoearlierresearchthatsuggestsourperceptionoffoodcansometimestrickourbody’sresponsetothefooditself.Ina2011study,forinstance,peoplewhodrankthesame380-caloriemilkshakeontwoseparateoccasionsproduceddifferentlevelsofhunger-relatedhormones（荷爾蒙），dependingonwhethertheshake’slabelsaiditcontained620or140calories.Moreover,theparticipantsreportedfeelingmorefullwhentheythoughtthey'dconsumedahigher-calorieshake.Whatdoesthismeanforoureatinghabits?Althoughithardlyseemspracticaltotrickourselvesintoeatingless,thenewfindingsdohighlightthebenefitsoffocusingonourfoodandavoidingTVandmultitaskingwhileeating.Theso-calledmindful-eatingstrategiescanfightdistractionsandhelpuscontrolourappetite,Brunstromsays.1、Whatissaidtobeafactoraffectingourappetiteandfoodintake?A．Howwefeelthefoodweeat.B．Whenweeatourmeals.C．Whatelementthefoodcontains.D．Howfastweeatourmeals.2、Whatwouldhappenatmealtimeifyourememberedeatingalotinthepreviousmeal?A．Youwouldprobablybemoreparticularaboutfood.B．Youwouldnotfeellikeeatingthesamefood.C．Youwouldhaveagoodappetite.D．Youwouldnotfeelsohungry.3、Whatdowelearnfromthe2011study?A．Foodlabelsmaymisleadconsumersintheirpurchases.B．Foodlabelsmayinfluenceourbody’sresponsetofood.C．Hungerlevelsdependonone'sconsumptionofcalories.D．Peopletendtotakeinalotmorecaloriesthannecessary.4、WhatdoesBrunstromsuggestwedotocontrolourappetite?A．Trickourselvesintoeatingless.B．Choosefoodwithfewercalories.C．Concentrateonfoodwhileeating.D．Pickdishesoftherightsize.5、Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A．Eatingdistractionsoftenaffectourfooddigestion.B．Psychologicalfactorsinfluenceourhungerlevels.C．Ourfoodintakeisdeterminedbyourbiologicalneeds.D．Goodeatinghabitswillcontributetoourhealth.22．（8分）ThreeFeetFromGoldDarby’sunclewascaughtbythe“goldfever”inthegold-rushdays,andwentwesttodigandgrowrich.Aftermonthsoflabor,hewasrewardedbythediscoveryoftheshiningore(礦石).Heneededmachinerytobringtheoretothesurface.So,withthe“strike”,hereturnedhome.AndwiththehelpofDarby,heborrowedalotofmoney.Afterbuyingthemachineryandhavingitshipped,UncleandDarbywentbacktoworkthemine.Thefirstcaroforewasmined.AndthereturnsprovedtheyhadoneoftherichestminesinColorado!Downwentthedrills!UpwentthehopesofUncleandDarby!Thensomethinghappened!Thevein(礦脈)ofgoldoredisappeared!Theydrilledon,butallinvain.Finally,theydecidedtoquitandsoldthemachinerytoajunkmanforafewhundreddollars.Thejunkmancalledinaminingengineertolookatthemineanddoalittlecalculating.Theengineer’scalculationsshowedthattheveinwouldbefoundjustthreefeetfromwheretheDarbyshadstoppeddrilling!Thejunkmantookmillionsofdollarsinthevein,becauseheknewenoughtoseekexpert’sadvicebeforegivingup.MostofthemoneywhichwentintothemachinerywasborrowedthroughtheeffortsofDarby,whowasthenaveryyoungman.Themoneycamefromhisrelativesbecauseoftheirfaithinhim.Hepaidbackeverydollarofit,althoughhewasyearsindoingso.Longafterward,Mr.Darbymadeanotherdiscoverythatdesirecanbechangedintogold.Thisdiscoverycameafterhewentintothebusinessofsellinglifeinsurance.Rememberingthathelostahugefortune,forhestoppedthreefeetfromgold,Darbyprofitedbytheexperienceinhischosenwork,sayingtohimself,“Istoppedthreefeetfromgold,butIwillneverstopbecausemensay‘no’whenIaskthemtobuyinsurance.”Darbysoldmorethanamilliondollarsinlifeinsuranceannually.Heoweshis“stickability”tothelessonhelearnedfromhis“quitability”inthegoldminingbusiness.1、Darby’sunclewentbackhometo________.A．receivehisrewardB．seekfinancialsupportC．lookformorehelpersD．consultanengineer2、TheDarbysfailedinminingbusinessbecauseof________.A．quittingdrillingonB．thedisappearanceoftheveinC．theshortageofthemachineryD．competingagainstthejunkman3、Fromthepassage,wecanknowDarby________.A．wasunabletopayoffthedebtsB．minedhisgoldfromthefailureC．learnedalessonfromsellinginsuranceD．devotedhimselftomakingnewdiscoveries4、Theauthorintendstotellusthat________.A．hopesanddifficultiesexistsidebysideB．correctdecisionsstemsfromcorrectjudgementC．weshouldcatchitwhenanopportunitycomesD．wewon’treachourgoalunlesswepersist23．（8分）MygrandmotherRosalindEinhornwasbornexactlyfifty-twoyearsbeforeIwas,onAugust28,1917.LikemanypoorJewishfamiliesinNewYorkCity,shelivedinasmall,crowdedapartmentclosetotheirrelatives.Herparents,auntsandunclesaddressedhermalecousinsbytheirgivennames,butsheandhersisterwerereferredtoonlyas"Girlie”.DuringtheDepression,mygrandmotherwaspulledoutofMorrisHighSchooltohelpsupportthehouseholdbysewingfabricflowersontoundergarmentsthathermothercouldresellforatinyprofit.Nooneinthecommunitywouldhaveconsideredtakingaboyoutofschool.Aboy'seducationwasthefamily'shopetomoveupthefinancialandsocialladder.Educationforgirls,however,waslesssignificantbothfinancially,sincetheywereunlikelytocontributetothefamily'sincome,andculturally,sincehoyswereexpectedtostudytheTorahwhilegirlswereexpectedtoruna“properhome.”Luckilyformygrandmother,alocalteacherinsistedthatherparentsputherbackintoschool.ShewentonnotonlytofinishhighschoolbuttograduatefromU.CBerkeley.Aftercollege,“Girlie”workedsellingpocketbooksandaccessoriesatDavid'sFifthAvenue.Whensheleftherjobtomarrymygrandfather,David'shadtohirefourpeopletoreplaceher.Yearslater,whenmygrandfatherspaintbusinesswasstruggling,shejumpedinandlooksomeofthehardstepshewasunwillingtotake,helpingtosavethefamilyfromfinancialruin.Shedisplayedherbusinessabilityagaininherforties.Afterbeingdiagnosed(診斷）withbreastcancer,shebeatitandthendevotedherselftoraisingmoneyfortheclinicthattreatedherbysellingsomewatches.GirlieendedupwithaprofitthatApplewouldenvy.Ihavenevermetanyonewithmoreenergyanddeterminationthanmygrandmother.Whenmygrandmotherhadchildrenofherown—mymotherandhertwobrothers—sheemphasizededucationforallofthem.MymotherattendedtheUniversityofPennsylvania.Whenshegraduatedin1965withadegreeinFrenchliterature,shesurveyedaworkforcethatshebelievedconsistedoftwocareeroptionsforwomen:teachingornursing.Shechoseteaching.ShebeganaPh.D．programme,gotmarried,andthendroppedoutwhenshebecamepregnantwithme.Itwasthoughttobeasignofweaknessifahusbandneededhiswife’shelptosupporttheirfamily,somymotherbecameastay-at-homeparentandanactivevolunteer.Thecenturies-olddivisionoflaborstood.EventhoughIgrewupinatraditionalhome,myparentshadthesameexpectationsforme,mysister,andmybrother.Allthreeofuswereencouragedtodowellinschool,doequalroutinetasks,andparticipateinafter-schoolactivities.Wewereallsupposedtobeathletictoo.Mybrotherandsisterjoinedsportsteams,butIwasthekidwhogotpickedlastingym.Despitemyathleticshortcomings,Iwasraisedtobelievethatgirlscoulddoanythingboyscoulddoandthatallcareerpathswereopentome.WhenIarrivedatcollegeinthefallof1987,myclassmatesofbothgendersseemedequallyfocusedonacademics.Idon'trememberthinkingaboutmyfuturecareerdifferentlyfromthemalestudents.Ialsodon'trememberanyconversationsaboutsomedaybalancingworkandchildren.MyfriendsandIassumedthatwewouldhaveboth.Menandwomencompetedopenlyandaggressivelywithoneanotherinclasses,activities,andjobinterviews.Justtwogenerationsremovedfrommygrandmother,theplayingfieldseemedtobelevel.Butmorethantwentyyearsaftermycollegegraduation,theworldhasnotevolvednearlyasmuchasIbelieveditwould.Almostallofmymaleclassmatesworkinprofessionalsettings.Someofmyfemaleclassmatesworkfull-timeorpart-timeoutsidethehomeandjustasmanyarestay-at-homemothersandvolunteerslikemymom.Thismirrorsthenationaltrend.Incomparisontotheirmalecounterparts(相同能力者),highlytrainedwomenarescalingbackanddroppingoutoftheworkforceinhighnumbers.1、Whywerethewriter'sgrandmaandhersisterscalled"Girlie”?A．Theyhadnotyetgottheirgivennames.B．Theywerehighlyvaluedbytheirciders.C．Theysharedapparentsimilaritiesinmanyways.D．Theywereregardedaslessimportantthanboys.2、Whatconclusioncanwedrawaboutthewriter'sgrandmother?A．Shebenefitedgreatlyfromherfamilybackground.B．Shewasfullofideasforsolvingvariousproblems.C．Shewasanextraordinarilyableandtoughwoman.D．Shehadspecialwaysofteachingherownchildren.3、Whatmightpeoplethinkwhenthewriter’smothergaveupherjob?A．Itwasquitenormalforawomanlikehertodoso.B．Herjobshouldbetakenoverbyayoungerperson.C．Itwasarealshameaboutherlosingthatgoodjob.D．Herfreedomofchoiceoughttobewellrespected.4、Fromthedescriptionofthewriter’sownlife,wecansee________.A．greatexpectationsinthestudents'mindsB．seemingsocialprogressincertainaspectC．innocentfriendshipbetweenboysandgirlsD．positiveattitudestoworkandcompetitions5、Bywritingthepassagethewriterintendstoreveal________.A．thenecessityofwomen'seducationB．theimportanceofwomen'sliberationC．theexistenceofgenderdiscriminationD．thelivesofthreegenerationsofwomen24．（8分）Awomanlostthesightinoneeyeaftergoingswimminginapoolatahotelwearingcontactlenses（隱形眼鏡）.JennieHurst,fromSouthampton,sufferedfromarareandpainfulinfectioncausedbyamoeba（變形蟲）inwater.Theinfectioncausespeopletobesensitivetolightandthe28-year-oldsaidshehadtostayinadarkroomforthreemonths.Sheisnowwarningofthedangersofswimmingorshoweringwearingcontacts.MsHurstexperiencedfouroperationsandatreatmentinwhichshehadeyedropseveryhalfhour."DuringthattimeIstayedinmybedroomwithblackcurtainsatthewindow.TheonlythingIcoulddowastolistentotheradio.Oneevening,IwassoeagertolookoutofwindowtogetalookoftheoutsideworldthatIopenedmycurtainsinthemiddleofthenight.AssoonasIdidthisthemoonshoneinmyeyesanditreallyhurt.Ididn'tdothatagain.Ihavebeenleftwithnosightinmylefteyeandthedamagetomyrighteyecouldbelasting,"shesaid.MsHursthadbeenwearingcontactlensesforfiveyears."Idon'tevenlikeswimming,"shesaid."MyfriendswerequitesurprisedthatIhadgoneswimmingandprobablythoughtthatIhadbeenabitlazy.Iwasn'tawareoftheproblematall—itdidn'tevenentermybraintotakethemout.IfeltresponsiblethatIhadletithappenwhenactuallyIcouldhavejusttakenmycontactsout."1、What'sthetextmainlyabout?A．Thewomanlosingsightwhileswimming.B．Arareinfectioncausedbycontactlenses.C．Anaccidenthappeninginahospital.D．Thetroubleofstayinginadarkroom.2、Amertheoperations,JennieHurstfeltA．frightenedB．calmC．regretfulD．a(chǎn)nxious3、WhatdoesJennieHurstmeaninthelastparagraph?A．Sheusedtogoswimmingveryoften.B．Shehasalsobeenhurtinherbrain.C．Shewillbebusywithherworkinfuture.D．Shemightbemorecarefulwhenswimmingnexttime.4、What'sthepurposeofthetext?A．Toanalyze.B．Toexplain.C．Towarn.D．Toencourage.25．（10分）Shinythingsabsorblessheatwhenleftinthesun.ThismeansthatiftheEarthcouldbemadealittleshinieritwouldbelesslikelytosufferglobalwarming.Waystobrightenit,suchasaddingnanoscalespecks（納米級(jí)）ofsalttolowclouds,makingthemwhiter,orputtingathinhazeofparticlesintothestratosphere（平流層）,arethefieldof“geoengineering”（地球工程）.Asmallbandofscientistswhichhavemostlybeenusingcomputermodelstostudythesubject.Someofthemarenowproposingoutdoorexperiments—usingseawater-fedsprayerstochurnoutparticlesoftheexactsizeneededtobrightenclouds,orscatteringsulphurparticles（硫粒子）fromunderneathalargeballoon20kmupinthesky.Thescientistshopetounderstandsomeoftheprocessesonwhichthesetechnologiesdepend,asawayofbothmeasuringtheirpossibility(canyoureliablymaketheproperamountofseasaltbrightenclouds?)andassessingtheirrisks(howmuchdamagetotheozonelayermightastratospherichazedo,andhowmightsuchdamagebeminimized?).Theexperimentswouldbefartoosmalltohaveanyclimaticeffects.Theamountofsulphurputintothestratospherebytheexperimentalballoonwouldbe2%ofwhatapassengerjetcrossingtheAtlanticemitsinanhour.However,manyscientistsdoubtwhethergeoengineeringexperimentshaveanyeffects.Andsomeenvironmentalistssaythatsuchexperimentsreflectthehubris（傲慢）ofhumans,whobelievetheycantoywithnature.Geoengineeringisnotanalternativetorelievingclimatechangebycuttingcarbonemissions.Evenifemissionsdostarttofall,thecutswilllakedecadestohaveanyeffectsotemperaturesarelikelytogoonrisingforsometime.Theplanetisnotgettingcoolerandthepressuresontheclimateareunlikelytogoaway.Itisthereforenottoohardtoimagineaworld,decadesfromnow,inwhichemissionsarefallingbuttemperaturesarerisingsteeplyandtheabilitytoadapttothemhasbeenstretchedtoofar.Anadditionalwaytostabilizetemperaturesmightthenseemappropriate.Geoengineeringoffersthatpossibility.1、Theaimoftheoutdoorexperimentsinparagraph1is.A．torelievetheglobalwarmingB．tobrightenthecloudsC．totestthecomputermodelsD．tostudygeoengineering2、Thegeoengineeringclimateexperimentwouldhardlytakeanyclimateeffectbecause.A．scientistsaren'tsurewhetherseasaltcanbrightencloudsB．geoengineeringwouldminimizethedamagetotheozonelayerC．theamountofsulphuremittedbyaballoonisverysmallD．a(chǎn)passengerjetemitsmuchmoresulphurthanaballoondoes3、Evenifcarbonemissionisreducedrightaway,.A．globalwarmingwillberelievedB．climaticpressurewillberemovedC．thetemperaturewillremainstableD．globalwarmingwilllastforyears4、Wecaninferfromthepassagethat.A．passengerjetsareamajorcauseofglobalwarmingB．scientistsdon’tshowduerespectfortheenvironmentC．geoengineeringisbetterthancuttingcarbonemissionsD．cuttingemissionsisn'tenoughtorelieveclimatechange第三部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)．26．（30分）Goodafternoon,everyone,I’dliketointroducemyfriendChristytoyouall.Christyisagreatexampleofhowonepersonwith1canmakeherdreamareality,sosheshouldwintheStudentoftheYearAward.Christylovestoridebikes.Shedoesnotjustridealongcitystreets,2Sheisinterestedin3trail(小路)rides.4Christyknewthatpeoplewholoveridinghadtotravel5thecitytolocategoodbiketrails,soshe6todosomething.ChristyknewthatRooseveltParkhadaclean,livelycreek（小溪）7throughit.12milesoflandaroundthecreekwas8used.Christydecidedtogettogetherwithothertrail9toaskthecitycouncilto10abikepathalongtheunusedland.Christy11apetition(請(qǐng)?jiān)笗?.Sheandotherridersaskedalloftheirbikingfriendsiftheywould12thelist,andtheygathered300signatures.Thecitycouncilevaluatedthe13and,more14,agreedtoallowthebiketrail.The15tooktwomonthsofwork,andnowRooseveltParkhasa16biketrail.Ithasmanyupsanddowns;itisagreatride.Thistrailisbecomingoneofthecommunity’simportant17spots.Ican’t18withChristywhenweridetogether,butIamgladthatshedecidedtoworkhardtobeginthe19oftheRooseveltParkbikepath.Christy20thisawardbecausesheactedonherdream,causingacommunitytocometogether.Thankyou!1、A．patience B．satisfaction C．determination D．permission2、A．still B．instead C．either D．though3、A．tough B．vacant C．convenient D．remote4、A．However B．As C．But D．Since5、A．a(chǎn)round B．beyond C．a(chǎn)long D．outside6、A．expected B．decided C．offered D．claimed7、A．running B．going C．coming D．walking8、A．often B．ever C．seldom D．even9、A．runners B．players C．passengers D．riders10、A．a(chǎn)pprove B．a(chǎn)pply C．prove D．a(chǎn)ccuse11、A．formed B．developed C．drew D．described12、A．write B．view C．call D．sign13、A．demand B．request C．invitation D．scheme14、A．importantly B．naturally C．obviously D．necessarily15、A．destruction B．organization C．construction D．protection16、A．interesting B．competing C．parking D．rewarding17、A．match B．exercise C．play D．game18、A．putup B．keepup C．endup D．turnup19、A．discovery B．invention C．creation D．collection20、A．deserves B．preserves C．reserves D．serves第二節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。27．（15分）Startingin1972,theNationalParkServiceestablishedapolicyforforestfirescalledNaturalBum.Itwastrue1．someforestfires,suchasthosewhichwerecausedbylightningwerenecessaryforforests2．(keep)balancedecosystems,sothefireshouldbeallowedtoburn3．,abigfireinYellowstoneNationalParkin1988causedthispolicytobeabandoned(放棄）sincethefirewasinitiallyallowedtobumyetsoonoutofcontrol.Asaresult,thefireof1988destroyedmuchofYellowstone,whichisAmericas4．(old)andmostbelovednationalpark.Massiveareasofplantsweredestroyed,andlargeemptyspacesandacresofburnedandblackenedtreesgreeted5．(visit).Theriversandstreamswerechokedwithash,andtheecosystemoftheparkwaschanged6．repair.Inaddition,greatnumbersofanimals7．(kill)bythefiresthatburnedoutofcontrol.Thefiresweredrivenbyhighwinds,8．(move)asmanyastenmilesaday.Manysmallanimalsdiedintheflames.Thefires'rapidadvances9．(give)thewildlifelittlechancetoescape.Eventoday,fewofthesesmallforestanimalshavereturnedtoliveinthepark.Intheyear