XXXX年6月21日綠色經(jīng)濟(jì)與企業(yè)管理課件

ManagingaCompanyintheComingGreenEconomyEdwardClarence-SmithUNIDORepresentativeChina,DPRK,Mongolia21June2010

ManagingaCompanyintheComTheGreenEconomyiscomingPresidentHuJintao,atUNGeneralAssembly,Sept.2009“Wewillstepupoureffortstodevelopagreeneconomyandlowcarboneconomy”P(pán)remierWenJiaobei,commentingFifthChina-EUBusinessSummit,Nov.2009“WeagreedthatiftheChina-EUComprehensiveStrategicPartnershipistomoveforward,itshouldbeanchoredonafoundationofeconomiccooperation,behi-techdriven,andmakegreeneconomyapriority.”

VicePremierLiKeqiang,atInternationalConferenceonGreenEconomyandClimateChange,May2010“TheChinesegovernmentattachesgreatimportancetothedevelopmentofgreeneconomyandcopingwithclimatechange.”TheGreenEconomyiscomingPreToday’sPresentationWhydoweneedaGreenEconomy?WhatwouldaGreenEconomylooklike?ManagingaCompanyinaGreenEconomyToday’sPresentationWhydoweDevelopment-GlobalPoliticalContextDevelopingcountrieswanttodevelop.Puttingitverysimply,theywanttobecomeliketheUS,likeEurope,likeJapan.Development-GlobalPolitical5IndustrializationisKeyDevelopmentisonlygoingtohappenthroughindustrialization.Thatishowthe“rich”countriesdeveloped,andnoonehascomeupwithadifferentwayofdoingit.BUTthatcreatesaproblem!5IndustrializationisKeyEcologicalFootprint–AnIntroductionOureconomiesneedtheplanetfortwothings:Asthesourceofthematerialresourcesweconsume(crops,animals,cleanwater,coal,oil,minerals,landforbuilding,…)Astheplacewhereallthewasteandpollutionwegenerategetsbrokendown,absorbed,andmadeharmless.“EcologicalFootprint”isameasure,inhectaresperperson,oftheamountofbiologicallyproductivelandandseaareaweneedtoregeneratetheresourcesweconsumeandtoabsorbandmakeharmlessthewasteandpollutionwegenerate.EcologicalFootprint–AnIntr7EcologicalfootprintofdifferentnationsSource:Factor57EcologicalfootprintofdiffeAGrimFutureContinuingthesegrowthtrendsissimplyunsus-tainable.EcologicalFootprint:IfeveryonelivedlikedEuropeans,ourecologicalfootprintwouldbe~5hectares/person.Thatwouldneed2.5Planets!IfeveryonelivedlikedAmericans,ourecologicalfootprintwouldbe~10hectares/person.Thatwouldneed4.5Planets!!!Theplanetwillcollapse,andsowillwe.AGrimFutureContinuingtheseTheUnderlyingProblemDevelopmentistoomuchseenasimproving/maintaininganECONOMICstandardofliving.Thismeansconsuminglargeamountsofresources.Butdevelopmentshouldbemuchbroader:personal,social,cultural,political,…ItshouldbeaboutincreasingourQualityofLifeTheUnderlyingProblemDevelopmQualityofLife:HumanDevelopmentIndexHumanDevelopmentIndex(HDI):acompositestatisticusedtorankcountriesbylevelof“humandevelopment”.HDIiscomposedfromdataon:Lifeexpectancyatbirth(indicatorofpopulationhealthandlongevity)Adultliteracyrateandenrollmentratesinprimary,secondary,andtertiaryeducationalinstitutions(indicatorofknowledgeandeducation)PercapitaGDP(indicatorofeconomicstandardofliving)QualityofLife:HumanDevelop11HumanDevelopmentIndexandEcologicalFootprintofNationsSource:GlobalFootprintNetworkandWWF2006GreenEconomy11HumanDevelopmentIndexandTheChallengefortheDevelopingCountriesdecreasetheecologicalfootprintincreasethequalityoflifeEconomicgrowthGreenEconomyshould:

TheChallengefortheDevelopiTheChallengeoftheFuturedecreasetheecologicalfootprintincreasethequalityoflifeEconomicgrowthSowhatdoesthismeanforacompany?GreenEconomyshould:

TheChallengeoftheFuturedecThechallengeforCompaniesReducetheecologicalfootprintoftheirfactories;Reducetheecologicalfootprintoftheirproducts;Improvethequalityoflifeoftheircustomers;Improvethequalityoflifeoftheiremployees;Improvethequalityoflifeofthecommunitiesinwhichtheyarelocated.Today,focusontheecologicalfootprintaspectsThechallengeforCompaniesRedReducingtheEcologicalFootprint:

TwosetsofstrategicoptionsAcompanycanchangeitsbusinessmodeltosellgreenproducts/offergreenservices:“GreenIndustries”.

Itcankeepondoingwhatit’sdoingbutdoitinagreenerway:ThroughitsproductsAttheprocesslevel(inthefactory)Beyondthecompany=>“GreeningofIndustries”15ReducingtheEcologicalFootprTwosetsofstrategicoptions:

CreateGreenIndustriesGreenExistingIndustries16Twosetsofstrategicoptions:HugeNumberofOpportunities-1Companiescanstartmanufacturinggreentechnologiesandproducts:Renewableenergy:wind,solarthermal,photovoltaic,hydroelectric,biomass,geothermal,tidal,hydrogen,smartgrids,….EquipmentandproductstoimproveenergyandmaterialsefficiencyWater:watertreatmentandpurification,moreefficientuseofwater,…Transport:electriccars,hydrogen-fueledcars,fasttrains,planesusingbiofuels,…Wasteandpollution:technologiesforrecyclingortreatingwasteandpollutionHugeNumberofOpportunities-HugeNumberofOpportunities-2Companiescanstartofferinggreenservices:Wastecollectorsandtransporters;Eco-designfirms:designfirmsthatspecializeindesigningproductsfromanenvironmentalpointofview;ESCOs:companiesthatmanageotherorganization’senergyforthem;Environmentalconsultants;Laboratoriesthatspecializeinenvironmentalmeasurementandanalysis….HugeNumberofOpportunities-Twosetsofstrategicoptions:

CreateGreenIndustriesGreenExistingIndustriesThroughproductsAttheprocesslevel(inthefactory)Beyondthecompany19Twosetsofstrategicoptions:Throughproducts-goodsRedesignyourgoodssothat:Theycanbemadewiththeleastamountofmaterials(“dematerialization”);Theyconsumetheleastamountofmaterialsandenergyduringuse(“l(fā)ifecycleanalysis”);Theycanbeeasilyrecycledattheendoftheirusefullife.Throughproducts-goodsRedesiDematerialization-exampleDematerialization-exampleLessconsumptionduringuse-exampleASSESSMENTOFENVIRONMENTALIMPACTWashingMachineLessconsumptionduringuse-Recyclingatendoflife–theidealRecyclingatendoflife–theRecyclingatendoflife–therealitytodayRecyclingatendoflife–theManagingaProcesstoGreenGoodsPointstoremember:Youneed(accessto)strongeco-designcapabilities.Youneedtoeducateyourusers.Youneedtoworkwiththerecyclingindustry.

ManagingaProcesstoGreenGoServicesratherthanGoods

Customerswantaservice;thegoodtheybuyoffersthemaservice.Sowhynotselltheserviceratherthanthegood?i.e.,leasetheproductratherthansellit.Strongenvironmentaladvantages:Thegoodscanbeusedmoreefficientlyandforlongerperiodsoftime;So,lessgoodsaresold=>lessmaterialsareconsumed;Theycanberecycledbetterattheendoftheirusefullife.Therearemanyexamplesouttherealready.26ServicesratherthanGoodsCusOfficeequipment…Lookingforaphotocopier,faxmachine,printer,digitalprojectororofficeshredderforrentalhire?OMMhasasolutionforyou.Wehaveafullrangeofofficeequipmentforallyourofficeequipmentrentalneeds.WecanprovideofficeequipmentforshorttermhireandLongtermrentalforallyourofficeequipmentrequirementsincludingCanoncolourphotocopiers,computers,digitalprojectors,officeshredders,faxmachinesandofficefurniturethroughoutLondonandthehomecountiesTermscanrangefrom1day,1week,1monthor1yeardependantonyourrequirementsandallofficeequipmentrentalscomecompletewithfreedeliveryandmaintenanceservicebyqualifiedengineers.Wehaveanextensiverangeofstockandsubjecttostocklevelscanrespondquicklyandefficientlytoyourrequirements.Pricesaredependantonthetermoftherentalperiodandthetypeofofficeequipmentyouwishtorent.

OMMUKOfficeequipment…Lookingfor…AutomobilesinCitiesReservationandtransfer24hadayFeesfrom€1,50/hourand€0,40/kmAll-inratesincludefuelEnvironmentallyfriendlyvehicleswithlowCO2At200majortrafficnodesinAustriaCombinationofferswithpublictransportDenzelMobility,Switzerland…AutomobilesinCitiesDenzelWhysellServicesratherthanGoods?Advantagesfortheserviceuser:GettheserviceyouwantDon’thavetodealwithalltheotherproblemsthatcomewithownershipDoesn’tcostyoumore,andoftencostsyoulessBusinessadvantagesfortheserviceprovider:Canmakeasmuch,ifnotmore,money“Lockin”yourcommercialrelationshipCanbecomepartoftheclient’sinnovationefforts(strongerlock-in)WhysellServicesratherthanTwosetsofstrategicoptions:

CreateGreenIndustriesGreenExistingIndustriesThroughproductsAttheprocesslevel(inthefactory)Beyondthecompany30Twosetsofstrategicoptions:InthefactoryRedesignyourprocessessothat:Theyusetheleastamountofmaterialandenergyinputs;Theygeneratetheleastamountofpollutionandwaste;Theyusetheleastamountoftoxicmaterials;Theymaximizetheuseofrecycledinputs;Theymaximizetheuseofrenewableinputs.InthefactoryRedesignyourprMinimizingMaterialandEnergyInputs:

PurchasesofFuel–newspapermanufacturingModernMillQ1Q3MinimizingMaterialandEnergy33MinimizingPollution,ReducingToxics:

Useofsolvent–manufactureofpackagingandothertape

Ina3MplantinBrazilmanufacturingpackagingtapeandothertypesoftape,theyreplacedasolvent-basedprocesswithanew,water-basedprocess.Theplantreducedtoxicsolventemissionsby45tonnesayear.Also,itnolongerneededequipmenttoburnthesolventemissions,eliminating25tonnesofCO2emissionsayear.Theprojectsavedtheplantover$850,000initsfirstyearofimplementation.Source:3MPollutionPreventionPaysProgramme,200533MinimizingPollution,ReduciMaximizingtheuseofrenewableresources

Useofsolarthermal–textileproductionMaximizingtheuseofrenewablMaximizingtheuseofrenewableresources

Useofphotovoltaics–productionofelectricityMaximizingtheuseofrenewablManagingaprocesstogreenfactoriesPointstoremember:ManagementcommitmentApplyingasystematicapproachChangingattitudesInvolvingallemployees,motivatingthem,trainingthemReportingprogress–internallyandexternallyManagingaprocesstogreenfaTwosetsofstrategicoptions:

CreateGreenIndustriesGreenExistingIndustriesThroughproductsAttheprocesslevel(inthefactory)Beyondthecompany37Twosetsofstrategicoptions:Goingbeyondthecompany–1Useyoureconomicleverage:Usesuppliersthatarealsocommittedtobeinggreen(“greeningthesupplychain”)Procureservicesfromprovidersthatarecommittedtobeinggreen(greenenergysuppliers,recycledpaperproducts,…)Useyoursocialties:Helpyourlocalcommunitiesgogreen(wheremanyofyouremployeeswillbeliving)Useyourpoliticalinfluence:Getpublicpoliciesadoptedthatsupportyoutobegreen–andtakeawaysupportfromcompaniesthatremain“brown”Goingbeyondthecompany–1UsGoingbeyondthecompany–2Getpublicrecognitionofyourefforts:CertifiedenvironmentalmanagementsystemsCSRmanagementsystemsUNGlobalCompact…Re-brandyourselfgreen:TogetnewcustomersTokeepexistingcustomersGoingbeyondthecompany–2GeConclusionWemustallmovetowardsgreeneconomies:economiesthatimprovethequalityoflifewhilereducingourecologicalfootprint.Companiescandotheirpart,by:Offeringcustomersnew,greenproductsandnew,greenservices;Greeningtheircurrentbusinesspractices.Makingthishappenrequirescompaniestomakechangestothewaytheymanagethemselves:GreenManagement.40ConclusionWemustallmovetowThankyou!Thankyou!演講完畢，謝謝觀看！演講完畢，謝謝觀看！

ManagingaCompanyintheComingGreenEconomyEdwardClarence-SmithUNIDORepresentativeChina,DPRK,Mongolia21June2010

ManagingaCompanyintheComTheGreenEconomyiscomingPresidentHuJintao,atUNGeneralAssembly,Sept.2009“Wewillstepupoureffortstodevelopagreeneconomyandlowcarboneconomy”P(pán)remierWenJiaobei,commentingFifthChina-EUBusinessSummit,Nov.2009“WeagreedthatiftheChina-EUComprehensiveStrategicPartnershipistomoveforward,itshouldbeanchoredonafoundationofeconomiccooperation,behi-techdriven,andmakegreeneconomyapriority.”

VicePremierLiKeqiang,atInternationalConferenceonGreenEconomyandClimateChange,May2010“TheChinesegovernmentattachesgreatimportancetothedevelopmentofgreeneconomyandcopingwithclimatechange.”TheGreenEconomyiscomingPreToday’sPresentationWhydoweneedaGreenEconomy?WhatwouldaGreenEconomylooklike?ManagingaCompanyinaGreenEconomyToday’sPresentationWhydoweDevelopment-GlobalPoliticalContextDevelopingcountrieswanttodevelop.Puttingitverysimply,theywanttobecomeliketheUS,likeEurope,likeJapan.Development-GlobalPolitical47IndustrializationisKeyDevelopmentisonlygoingtohappenthroughindustrialization.Thatishowthe“rich”countriesdeveloped,andnoonehascomeupwithadifferentwayofdoingit.BUTthatcreatesaproblem!5IndustrializationisKeyEcologicalFootprint–AnIntroductionOureconomiesneedtheplanetfortwothings:Asthesourceofthematerialresourcesweconsume(crops,animals,cleanwater,coal,oil,minerals,landforbuilding,…)Astheplacewhereallthewasteandpollutionwegenerategetsbrokendown,absorbed,andmadeharmless.“EcologicalFootprint”isameasure,inhectaresperperson,oftheamountofbiologicallyproductivelandandseaareaweneedtoregeneratetheresourcesweconsumeandtoabsorbandmakeharmlessthewasteandpollutionwegenerate.EcologicalFootprint–AnIntr49EcologicalfootprintofdifferentnationsSource:Factor57EcologicalfootprintofdiffeAGrimFutureContinuingthesegrowthtrendsissimplyunsus-tainable.EcologicalFootprint:IfeveryonelivedlikedEuropeans,ourecologicalfootprintwouldbe~5hectares/person.Thatwouldneed2.5Planets!IfeveryonelivedlikedAmericans,ourecologicalfootprintwouldbe~10hectares/person.Thatwouldneed4.5Planets!!!Theplanetwillcollapse,andsowillwe.AGrimFutureContinuingtheseTheUnderlyingProblemDevelopmentistoomuchseenasimproving/maintaininganECONOMICstandardofliving.Thismeansconsuminglargeamountsofresources.Butdevelopmentshouldbemuchbroader:personal,social,cultural,political,…ItshouldbeaboutincreasingourQualityofLifeTheUnderlyingProblemDevelopmQualityofLife:HumanDevelopmentIndexHumanDevelopmentIndex(HDI):acompositestatisticusedtorankcountriesbylevelof“humandevelopment”.HDIiscomposedfromdataon:Lifeexpectancyatbirth(indicatorofpopulationhealthandlongevity)Adultliteracyrateandenrollmentratesinprimary,secondary,andtertiaryeducationalinstitutions(indicatorofknowledgeandeducation)PercapitaGDP(indicatorofeconomicstandardofliving)QualityofLife:HumanDevelop53HumanDevelopmentIndexandEcologicalFootprintofNationsSource:GlobalFootprintNetworkandWWF2006GreenEconomy11HumanDevelopmentIndexandTheChallengefortheDevelopingCountriesdecreasetheecologicalfootprintincreasethequalityoflifeEconomicgrowthGreenEconomyshould:

TheChallengefortheDevelopiTheChallengeoftheFuturedecreasetheecologicalfootprintincreasethequalityoflifeEconomicgrowthSowhatdoesthismeanforacompany?GreenEconomyshould:

TheChallengeoftheFuturedecThechallengeforCompaniesReducetheecologicalfootprintoftheirfactories;Reducetheecologicalfootprintoftheirproducts;Improvethequalityoflifeoftheircustomers;Improvethequalityoflifeoftheiremployees;Improvethequalityoflifeofthecommunitiesinwhichtheyarelocated.Today,focusontheecologicalfootprintaspectsThechallengeforCompaniesRedReducingtheEcologicalFootprint:

TwosetsofstrategicoptionsAcompanycanchangeitsbusinessmodeltosellgreenproducts/offergreenservices:“GreenIndustries”.

Itcankeepondoingwhatit’sdoingbutdoitinagreenerway:ThroughitsproductsAttheprocesslevel(inthefactory)Beyondthecompany=>“GreeningofIndustries”57ReducingtheEcologicalFootprTwosetsofstrategicoptions:

CreateGreenIndustriesGreenExistingIndustries58Twosetsofstrategicoptions:HugeNumberofOpportunities-1Companiescanstartmanufacturinggreentechnologiesandproducts:Renewableenergy:wind,solarthermal,photovoltaic,hydroelectric,biomass,geothermal,tidal,hydrogen,smartgrids,….EquipmentandproductstoimproveenergyandmaterialsefficiencyWater:watertreatmentandpurification,moreefficientuseofwater,…Transport:electriccars,hydrogen-fueledcars,fasttrains,planesusingbiofuels,…Wasteandpollution:technologiesforrecyclingortreatingwasteandpollutionHugeNumberofOpportunities-HugeNumberofOpportunities-2Companiescanstartofferinggreenservices:Wastecollectorsandtransporters;Eco-designfirms:designfirmsthatspecializeindesigningproductsfromanenvironmentalpointofview;ESCOs:companiesthatmanageotherorganization’senergyforthem;Environmentalconsultants;Laboratoriesthatspecializeinenvironmentalmeasurementandanalysis….HugeNumberofOpportunities-Twosetsofstrategicoptions:

CreateGreenIndustriesGreenExistingIndustriesThroughproductsAttheprocesslevel(inthefactory)Beyondthecompany61Twosetsofstrategicoptions:Throughproducts-goodsRedesignyourgoodssothat:Theycanbemadewiththeleastamountofmaterials(“dematerialization”);Theyconsumetheleastamountofmaterialsandenergyduringuse(“l(fā)ifecycleanalysis”);Theycanbeeasilyrecycledattheendoftheirusefullife.Throughproducts-goodsRedesiDematerialization-exampleDematerialization-exampleLessconsumptionduringuse-exampleASSESSMENTOFENVIRONMENTALIMPACTWashingMachineLessconsumptionduringuse-Recyclingatendoflife–theidealRecyclingatendoflife–theRecyclingatendoflife–therealitytodayRecyclingatendoflife–theManagingaProcesstoGreenGoodsPointstoremember:Youneed(accessto)strongeco-designcapabilities.Youneedtoeducateyourusers.Youneedtoworkwiththerecyclingindustry.

ManagingaProcesstoGreenGoServicesratherthanGoods

Customerswantaservice;thegoodtheybuyoffersthemaservice.Sowhynotselltheserviceratherthanthegood?i.e.,leasetheproductratherthansellit.Strongenvironmentaladvantages:Thegoodscanbeusedmoreefficientlyandforlongerperiodsoftime;So,lessgoodsaresold=>lessmaterialsareconsumed;Theycanberecycledbetterattheendoftheirusefullife.Therearemanyexamplesouttherealready.68ServicesratherthanGoodsCusOfficeequipment…Lookingforaphotocopier,faxmachine,printer,digitalprojectororofficeshredderforrentalhire?OMMhasasolutionforyou.Wehaveafullrangeofofficeequipmentforallyourofficeequipmentrentalneeds.WecanprovideofficeequipmentforshorttermhireandLongtermrentalforallyourofficeequipmentrequirementsincludingCanoncolourphotocopiers,computers,digitalprojectors,officeshredders,faxmachinesandofficefurniturethroughoutLondonandthehomecountiesTermscanrangefrom1day,1week,1monthor1yeardependantonyourrequirementsandallofficeequipmentrentalscomecompletewithfreedeliveryandmaintenanceservicebyqualifiedengineers.Wehaveanextensiverangeofstockandsubjecttostocklevelscanrespondquicklyandefficientlytoyourrequirements.Pricesaredependantonthetermoftherentalperiodandthetypeofofficeequipmentyouwishtorent.

OMMUKOfficeequipment…Lookingfor…AutomobilesinCitiesReservationandtransfer24hadayFeesfrom€1,50/hourand€0,40/kmAll-inratesincludefuelEnvironmentallyfriendlyvehicleswithlowCO2At200majortrafficnodesinAustriaCombinationofferswithpublictransportDenzelMobility,Switzerland…AutomobilesinCitiesDenzelWhysellServicesratherthanGoods?Advantagesfortheserviceuser:GettheserviceyouwantDon’thavetodealwithalltheotherproblemsthatcomewithownershipDoesn’tcostyoumore,andoftencostsyoulessBusinessadvantagesfortheserviceprovider:Canmakeasmuch,ifnotmore,money“Lockin”yourcommercialrelationshipCanbecomepartoftheclient’sinnovationefforts(strongerlock-in)WhysellServicesratherthanTwosetsofstrategicoptions:

CreateGreenIndustriesGreenExistingIndustriesThroughproductsAttheprocesslevel(inthefactory)Beyondthecompany72Twosetsofstrategicoptions:InthefactoryRedesignyourprocessessothat:Theyusetheleastamountofmaterialandenergyinputs;Theygeneratetheleastamountofpollutionandwaste;Theyusetheleastamountoftoxicmaterials;Theymaximizetheuseofrecycledinputs;Theymaximizetheuseofrenewableinputs.InthefactoryRedesignyourprMinimizingMaterialandEnergyInputs:

PurchasesofFuel–newspapermanufacturingModernMillQ1Q3MinimizingMaterialandEnergy75MinimizingPollution,ReducingToxics:

Useofsolvent–manufactureofpackagingandothertape