人教版七年級(jí)下冊(cè)英語(yǔ)8單元知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)及練習(xí)題

人教版七年級(jí)下冊(cè)英語(yǔ)8單元知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)及練習(xí)題人教版七年級(jí)下冊(cè)英語(yǔ)8單元知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)及練習(xí)題人教版七年級(jí)下冊(cè)英語(yǔ)8單元知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)及練習(xí)題資料僅供參考文件編號(hào)：2022年4月人教版七年級(jí)下冊(cè)英語(yǔ)8單元知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)及練習(xí)題版本號(hào)：A修改號(hào)：1頁(yè)次：1.0審核：批準(zhǔn):發(fā)布日期：詞匯拓展（1）turn翻；轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)；轉(zhuǎn)向→turningn.轉(zhuǎn)彎處（2）cross.橫過(guò)；穿過(guò)→acrossprep.橫過(guò)；在對(duì)面→crossingn.十字路口（3）enjoyv.享受；喜愛→enjoymentn.樂(lè)趣；愉快的事→enjoyableadj.快樂(lè)的；令人愉快的（4）noisen.噪音；嘈雜聲→noisyadj.嘈雜的；吵鬧的→noisilyadv.吵鬧地；嘈雜地（5）climbv.爬→climbern.攀登者；登山者（6）freeadj.自由的；閑著的；免費(fèi)的→freedomn自由（7）easyadj.容易的；簡(jiǎn)單的→easilyadv.容易地；輕而易舉地（8）quickadj.快的；迅速的→quicklyadv.快地；迅速地短語(yǔ)（1）postoffice郵局（2）payphone付費(fèi)電話（3）policestation警察局；派出斷（4）clothesstore服裝店（5）freetime空閑時(shí)間（6）freshair新鮮空氣（7）tumleft/right向左/右轉(zhuǎn)（8）tumleft/rightat..在……(地方）（9）goalong沿著……走（10）godown順著…….往下走（11）goacross橫過(guò)；穿過(guò)（12）goshopping去購(gòu)物（13）getto到達(dá)……同reach或arriveat/in.…（14）spendtime/weekends度過(guò)時(shí)光/周末（15）enjoydoingsth.喜歡做某事（16）watchsh/sth,doingsth.觀看某人/某物在做某事（17）watchsb./sth.dosth.觀看某人/物做某事（18）playChinesechess下中國(guó)象棋（19）walkout走出去；步行外出（20）crossthestreet橫過(guò)街道=goacrossthestreet（21）begoodat在……方面好，擅長(zhǎng)于=dowellin（22）befarfrom離……（地方）遠(yuǎn)（23acrossfrom在……對(duì)面（24）nextto在……旁邊；靠近同beside（25）betweenAandB在A與B之間（26）infrontof在.……前面（27）onone's/theleft/right在（某人的）左邊/右邊（28）onschooldays在學(xué)校上課（29）atthecrossing在十字路口（30）nearhere在附近（31）inlife在一生中；在生活中（32）intheneighborhood在附近，同nearhere（33）Noproblem沒(méi)問(wèn)題；沒(méi)什么；不用謝（34）onthestreet/road在街/路上（35）Excuseme打擾一下（36）onweekends在周末三、知識(shí)點(diǎn)spend動(dòng)詞，表示“花（時(shí)間、金錢）”①spend…onsth.（名詞）“在某事或某物上花費(fèi)金錢或時(shí)間”②spend…(in)doingsth.“花費(fèi)金錢或時(shí)間做某事”E.g.Iusuallyspendonehouronmyhomework.E.g.Iusuallyspendonehour(in)doingmyhomework.pay動(dòng)詞，表示“付錢；付費(fèi)；付款”（過(guò)去式為paid）①payfor+物“付錢買某物”E.g.Hepaidforthebooks.②pay+錢+for+物“付多少錢買某物”E.g.Hepaid200yuanforthebooks.③paysb.somemoneyforsth.E.g.Hepaidher20dollarsfortheshoes.cost“花費(fèi)”通常以物作主語(yǔ)，某物花費(fèi)某人多少時(shí)間或金錢。take；Ittakessb.+時(shí)間/金錢todosth.Ittakesmethreehourstofinishmyhomeworkeveryday.四、知識(shí)點(diǎn)enjoyv.表示“享受；喜愛”→enjoyableadj.表示“高興的”①enjoysth./sb.“喜歡某物/某人”E.g.Doyouenjoythisbook

②enjoydoingsth.“喜歡做某事”E.g.Heenjoyslisteningtomusic.③enjoyoneself=havefun=haveagoodtime表示“玩得高興”E.g.Doyouenjoyyourselftoday?havefun(in)doingsth.“做某事很有樂(lè)趣”E.g.Wehavefun(in)learningandspeakingEnglish.五、知識(shí)點(diǎn)cross動(dòng)詞表示“橫過(guò)；越過(guò)”=goacrossE.g.Hehastocrosstherivertoschool.across介詞表示“橫過(guò)；穿過(guò)”E.g.Hehastowalkacrosstherivertoschool.Through介詞，表示“（從中間）穿過(guò)”E.g.gothroughtheforest/park注：across表示從一定范圍的一邊另一邊,動(dòng)作在物體表面進(jìn)行。E.g.go/walkacrosstheroad/bridge/street六、知識(shí)點(diǎn)see/watch/hearsb.dosth.表示“看見/觀看/聽見某人做某事”的全過(guò)程see/watch/hearsb.doingsth.表示“看見/觀看/聽見某人正在做某事”E.g.Ilovetowatchthemonkeysclimbingaround.Ioftenhearsomegirlssingintheclassroom.七、知識(shí)點(diǎn)turn“轉(zhuǎn)變，轉(zhuǎn)身”turnleft/right向左/右轉(zhuǎn)含有turn的短語(yǔ)：Turnon/off打開/關(guān)閉turnup/down調(diào)高/調(diào)低Turn“變，變成”用作系動(dòng)詞，后接形容詞作表語(yǔ)。Thetreesturngreen.用作名詞“順序，輪流”It’sone’sturntodosth.表示“輪到某人做某事”E.g.Itisourturntocleantheclassroom.→taketurnstodosth.表示“輪流去做某事”Pleasetaketurnstotellstories.知識(shí)點(diǎn)Onthe

way

to

+地點(diǎn)

表示“去…的路”

E.g.Can

you

tell

me

the

way

to

the

post

office?

注意：home,here,there是地點(diǎn)副詞，表示到這幾個(gè)地方去的時(shí)候，前面的介詞要省略。知識(shí)點(diǎn)There

be

句型

1.There

be

句型

(1)結(jié)構(gòu)：There

be+sb./sth.

+地點(diǎn)

表示“在某地有某人或某物”E.g.There

is

a

bank

in

the

neighborhood.

(2)There

be

句型的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞be在人稱和數(shù)上應(yīng)以后面的第一個(gè)名詞保持一致?！绻竺娴拿~是可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用is.

E.g.There

is

some

salad

on

the

table

.

▲如果后面的名詞是可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)

動(dòng)詞用are.

E.g.There

are

some

students

in

the

classroom.

▲如果There

be

句型中有多個(gè)名詞，be

動(dòng)詞通常與第一個(gè)名詞保持人稱和數(shù)的一致。

g.There

is

a

boy

and

two

girls

in

the

room.Therearetwogirlsandaboyintheroom.

(3)There

be

句型的一般疑問(wèn)句：將be

動(dòng)詞提到句首。

→Arethere

any

students

in

the

classroom?

肯定回答：Yes,there

is

/are.

否定回答：No,there

isn’t/aren’t.

(4)There

be

句型的否定句：在be

后加notE.g.There

is

a

post

officenear

hear.→There

isn’t

a

post

office

near

hear.

(5)There

be

句型的特殊疑問(wèn)句：特殊疑問(wèn)詞（組）+be+there+其他E.g.There

are

threepensinmyschoolbag.(請(qǐng)對(duì)劃線部分進(jìn)行提問(wèn)).

→Howmanypensarethereinyourschoolbag?

【拓展】therebe和have都表示“有...”，但有所區(qū)別：①含義不同。therebe結(jié)構(gòu)表示的是“某地有某物/人”，強(qiáng)調(diào)“存在關(guān)系”；have則表示“某人/某物所有”，強(qiáng)調(diào)“所屬關(guān)系”。E.g.Thereisabusinourfactory.Ourfactoryhasabus.②句型不同。therebe結(jié)構(gòu)的句型為“Therebe+某物/某人+某地”，否定句是把not放在be之后，疑問(wèn)句是把be提到句首；have句型為“某人/某物+have/has+某物/某人”，否定句通常是在have前加don’t(has前加doesn’t)，疑問(wèn)句是在句首加do（第三人稱單數(shù)加does）。E.g.Thereisn’tacatunderthechair.Shedoesn’thavetwobrothers.③用thereis或thereare還是用have或has均取決于句子的主語(yǔ)。但therebe句型里有兩個(gè)或多個(gè)并列主語(yǔ)時(shí)，be習(xí)慣上和最靠近的那個(gè)在數(shù)上保持一致。g.Thereisabikeunderthetree.Therearesomebikesunderthetree.Thereisanappleandtwoorangesonthetable.Youhaveanewbook./Youhavesomenewbooks.Hehasanewbook./Hehavesomenewbooks.④當(dāng)表示某物的構(gòu)成和組成部分時(shí)，用therebe和have均可。E.g.Ourschoolhastwentyclasses.(=Therearetwentyclassesinourschool.)十、知識(shí)點(diǎn)表示地點(diǎn)方位的主要介詞運(yùn)用under“在......下面”Behind“在......后面”Near“在......附近”nearhere=intheneighborhoodnext

to

表示“在...旁邊；靠近；緊挨著”，后接表地點(diǎn)的名詞或代詞。

Thepayphoneisnexttothelibrary.【辨析】near也表示“在...旁邊”，但與nextto有所區(qū)別：從空間上講，near只表示“在...旁邊；在...附近”而nextto有“緊挨著”之意；也就是說(shuō)nextto比near靠的更近。acrossfrom意為“在……的對(duì)面”，后面接表示地點(diǎn)的名詞或代詞。Weliveacrossfromthestreet.【辨析】between和amongbetween表示“在....中間”，常與and連接，構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)between....and.....，指在兩者之間E.g.IsitbetweenLucyandLily.▲among也表示“在....中間”，指在三者或三者以上的中間。Mybrotherisamongthoseboys.【辨析】infrontof/inthefrontof都表示“在...前面”①infrontof 指在物體外部的前面 Thereisabankinfrontofthehospital.②inthefrontof 指在物體內(nèi)部的前面 Theteacher’sdeskisinthefrontoftheclassroom.一、用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.Herbrothersenjoy__playing__(play)soccerafterclass.2．Katespendsmuchtime__speaking__(speak)Englisheverymorning.3．Rosecanfindthehotel__easily__(easy)withthehelpofthegirl.4．Youshouldturnrightatthesecond__crossing__(cross)．5．Thechildrenlovetowatchmonkeys__climbing__(climb)trees.6.Myuncleoftenworkslatebecausehehasalotofworktodo(do)．7.Afterschoolheoftengoes(go)shoppinginthesupermarket．8.Doesyoursisterlikereading(read)inhersparetime(業(yè)余時(shí)間)

9.Theyhavefun___walking__(walk)inthepark.10.Thanks(thank)forhelpingme．二、單項(xiàng)選擇(B)1.Youmustrideyourbike________therightsideoftheroad.A．a(chǎn)tB．onC．inD．for(A)2.TherearealotofpeopleandcarsonNewStreet.It'sa________street.A．busyB．smallC．bigD．dirty(D)3.—Peter，arethesepicturesyours?

—Yes.Ispendtwohours________everyday.A．drawB．todrawingC．drewD．drawing(C)4.Idon'thavemuch________timeonschooldays.A．cleanB．easyC．freeD．cute(A)5.—Walk________thisstreet，andturn________．Youcanseethesupermarket.—Thankyou.A．a(chǎn)long；leftB．a(chǎn)long；theleftC．to；leftD．to；theleft(D)6.Howmuchdoyou________thebook?payB．takeC．spendD．payfor(B)7.—Whois________manwithamonkeyoverthere?

—Oh，heismyuncle.Heis________acrobat(雜技演員)．A．the；aB．the；anC．a(chǎn)；anD．a(chǎn)；a(B)8.—Doyouenjoy________computergamesonweekends?

—Yes，Ido.A．playB．playingC．toplayD．plays(B)9.There________somemilkinthebox.A．hasB．isC．a(chǎn)reD．have(A)10.—Paul，isthereapostofficenearourschool?

—________．It'sjustnexttothesupermarket.A．Yes，thereisB．Yes，itisC．No，thereisn'tD．Yes，theyare(A)11.—What'sinthebox?

—________．A．TherearesomeapplesinitB．TheyareapplesC．ItisanappleD．Thisisanapple(C)12.—Isthereapayphoneintheneighborhood?

—Yes，it's________CenterStreet________theright.A．from；onB．on；atC．on；onD．on；in(C)13.—Doyouknowthestudent________DavidandJack?

—Yeah.It'sJim.A．a(chǎn)mongB．inC．betweenD．a(chǎn)round(A)14.________thejobin10days，wehavetoworkdayangnight.A．TofinishB．FinishC．FinishingD．Isfinishing(C)15.—Whereisthebank?

—________．It'sblackB．It'sinterestingC．It'snexttotheparkD．It'sgreat(C)16.Istherea________nearhere？Iwanttoeatriceandchicken.A．policestationB．ParkC．restaurantD．zoo(A)17.—Isthejuice________

—Yes，youdon'tneedtopayforit.A．freeB．healthyC．deliciousD．cold(B)18.Theworkisnotdifficult.Icanfinishit________.A．lateB．easilyC．backD．hard(A)19.—Jimalways________toomuchtimeoncomputergames.—That'stoobad.A．spendsB．makesC．turnsD．keeps(B)20.Ienjoy________intherivernearmyhouseinsummer.A．swimB．SwimmingC．toswimmingD．toswim(B)21.Iliketowatchmysister________.A．todrawB．drawingC．todrawingD．draws(B)22.________toschoolontime，Jackie________upearlyeverymorning.A．Getting；getsB．Toget；getsC．Getting；getD．Toget；get(D)24.Sign________tellsusthatwehavetoturnleft.(B)25.—Arethereanybooksonthedesk?

—________.ButtherearesomeCDs.A．Yes，thereareB．No，therearen'tC．Yes，theyareD．No，thereisn't(B)26.—________isthepostoffice?

—It'snexttothehospital.A．HowB．WhereC．WhatD．When(A)27.There________asmallpostofficeandsomebookstoresintheschool.A．isB．a(chǎn)reC．a(chǎn)mD．be(C)28.—________

—Well，I'mnewhere.Isthereaparkaroundhere?

A．WhoareyouB．HowareyouC．HowcanIhelpyouD．Whereareyoufrom(C)29.—Thankyousomuch.—________.That'srightB．GoodluckC．NoproblemD．Soundsgrea（B）30.Just_______straightandturnright.A.goingB.goC.togoD.goes三、完形填空。從題中所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。MynameisDavid.I__16__inabigcitywithmyparents.Myhomeisonthesixth__17__ofatallbuilding(建筑物)．It'sabeautifulbuilding.It__18__14floors.It'sona__19__street.Therearealotofcarsandpeoplethere.Andthestreetisvery__20__，soIdon'tlikeit.Buttherearealotof__21__tohavefun.Wecan__22__gamesinthepark.Andwecantakea__23__inthegarden(花園)．SometimesIreadbooksinthe__24__．It'sreallyquiet.Ienjoyreadingthere.Doyoulikeourneighborhood？Ifyoulike，__25__tomyhome.It'sonGreenStreet.(B)16.A.takeB．liveC．haveD．go(C)17.A.streetB．parkC．floorD．house(D)18.A.isB．haveC．a(chǎn)reD．has(A)19.A.busyB．newC．oldD．quiet(B)20.A.cleanB．dirtyC．bigD．good(C)21.A.gardensB．parksC．placesD．restaurants(D)22.A.makeB．takeC．doD．play