四級(jí)強(qiáng)化提高直播課

四級(jí)寫(xiě)作強(qiáng)化班第五節(jié)微博：新東方王江濤微信：jtwang2013一、論說(shuō)文框架結(jié)構(gòu)：3段，10句左右，120-180詞，3-5個(gè)關(guān)聯(lián)詞，3-5個(gè)從句（一）Introduction：第一段，引言/起始/淘金段，3句左右1、圖表或圖畫(huà)描述：圖表或圖畫(huà)作文1）Generaldescription總體描述：1句，人物/動(dòng)物/事物+動(dòng)作+環(huán)境（圖畫(huà)）或主題+對(duì)象+時(shí)間（圖表）2）Details1,2,3細(xì)節(jié)描述：1-2句，挖掘細(xì)節(jié)詞、串連成句3）（Caption文字說(shuō)明/Symbolicmeanings象征寓意）2、現(xiàn)狀說(shuō)明：提綱或情景作文1）Backgroundinformation背景交代：1句2）Generaltalkofthetopic引出主題：1句3）Thesis:statespecificallywhatyouropinionis

確立論點(diǎn)：1句，全文中心思想（二）Body：第二段，主體/拓展段，4句左右1、Topicsentence：主題句，圖畫(huà)象征寓意，1句2、Argument：論證，2-3句，四大論證手段1)CauseandEffect：因果論證2）Exemplification：舉例論證3）CompareandContrast：正反論證

4）圖畫(huà)作文創(chuàng)作原則：聯(lián)系現(xiàn)實(shí)以小見(jiàn)大，把握象征寓意，個(gè)體想為群體，具體想為抽象聯(lián)系現(xiàn)實(shí)核心詞：represent代表，symbolize象征，epitomize是…的縮影，benaturallyassociatedwith自然與…聯(lián)系起來(lái)3、（Summary：小結(jié)，概括論證、總結(jié)本段，1句）

（三）Conclusion：結(jié)論段，歸納結(jié)論或建議措施，3句左右1、Concludingsentence：結(jié)論句，1句2、Explanation：解釋論證：1句3、包裝結(jié)尾、展望未來(lái)：1句，三大優(yōu)秀句型1）倒裝句：2）強(qiáng)調(diào)句：3）虛擬語(yǔ)氣：二、圖表作文：（一）真題透視：1、1991年6月：Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositionofnolessthan100wordsonChangesinPeople’sDiet.Studythefollowingtablecarefullyandyourcompositionmustbebasedontheinformationinthetable.Writethreeparagraphsto:1）Statethechangesinpeople’sdiet（飲食）inthepastfiveyears;2）Givepossiblereasonsforthechanges;3）Drawyourownconclusions.Youshouldquoteasfewfiguresaspossible.Food/Year19861987198819891990Grain49%47%46.5%45%45%Milk10%11%11%12%13%Meat17%20%22.5%23%21%FruitandVegetables24%22%20%20%21%Total100%100%100%100%100%2、2002年6月真題：教育文化：流行文化Directions:Forthispart,youareallowedthirtyminutestowriteacompositiononthetopicStudentUseofComputers.Youshouldwriteatleast150words,andbaseyourcompositiononthechartandtheoutlinebelow:

1）下圖所示為1990年、1995年、2000年某校大學(xué)生使用計(jì)算機(jī)的情況，請(qǐng)描述其變化；

2）請(qǐng)說(shuō)明這些變化的原因，（可從計(jì)算機(jī)的用途、價(jià)格或社會(huì)發(fā)展方面加以說(shuō)明）；

3）你認(rèn)為目前大學(xué)生在計(jì)算機(jī)使用中有什么困難或問(wèn)題。3、2012年12月真題：Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledEducationPaysbasedonthestatisticsprovidedinthechartbelow(Weeklyearningsof2010).Pleasegiveabriefdescriptionofthechartfirstandthenmakecommentsonit.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.（二）圖表作文范文：2012年12月真題Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledEducationPaysbasedonthestatisticsprovidedinthechartbelow(Weeklyearningsof2010).Pleasegiveabriefdescriptionofthechartfirstandthenmakecommentsonit.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.第一段：Thecolumnchartaboveclearlyillustratesthestatisticsof

theweeklyearningsofpeoplewithdifferenteducationalbackgroundsintheUnitedStatesin2010.Accordingtothedatafrom

U.S.BureauofLaborStatistics,therewasasteadyincreasefrom

$444forpeoplewithlessthanahighschooldiplomato$1,550forthosewithdoctoraldegrees.第二段：Thereasonsforthistrendareasfollows.Inthefirstplace,ithaslongbeenanacceptedfactthat

ahigherdegree

isapre-requisiteforapromisingcareer,orfindingagoodjob.Inthesecondplace,inourhighlycompetitivesociety,whetheroneisinChinaortheU.S.,itcanbesaidthatitisimpossibleforapersontofindagoodjobwithapromisingfuturewithoutatleastacollegedegree.第三段：Fromtheanalysisgivenabove,wemaypredictthatinordertoremaincompetitiveintheworkplace

aswellasinsalary,peopleinmountingnumberswillreturnbacktoschooltocontinuetheirhighereducation,eventhoughtheyalreadyhavetheircollegeoruniversitydegrees.(179words)三、書(shū)信類(lèi)應(yīng)用文：（一）、真題透視：1、

2001年6月：建議信Directions:Forthispart,youareallowedthirtyminutestowritealetter.SupposeyouareZhangYing.WritealettertoXiaoWang,aschoolmateofyourswhoisgoingtovisityouduringtheweek-longholiday.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsaccordingtothesuggestionsgivenbelowinChinese:

1）表示歡迎；

2）提出對(duì)度假安排的建議；

3）提醒應(yīng)注意的事項(xiàng)。2、2002年1月：投訴信Directions:Forthispart,youareallowedthirtyminutestowriteALettertotheUniversityPresidentabouttheCanteenServiceonCampus.Youshouldwriteatleast120words,andbaseyourletterontheoutlinegiveninChinesebelow:假設(shè)你是李明，請(qǐng)你就本校食堂的狀況給校長(zhǎng)寫(xiě)一封信，內(nèi)容應(yīng)涉及食堂的飯菜質(zhì)量、價(jià)格、環(huán)境、服務(wù)等，可以是表?yè)P(yáng)，可以是批評(píng)建議，也可以兼而有之。3、2004年1月：建議信Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowritealetterinreplytoafriend’sinquiryaboutapplyingforadmissiontoyourcollegeoruniversity.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsaccordingtotheoutlinegivenbelowinChinese:1.建議報(bào)考的專業(yè)及理由，2.報(bào)考該專業(yè)的基本條件，3.應(yīng)當(dāng)如何備考。

4、2016年6月真題第一套Directions:

Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowritealettertoexpressyourthankstooneofyourschoolteachersuponenteringcollege.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.5、2016年6月真題第二套Directions:

Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowritealettertoexpressyourthankstoyourparentsoranyotherfamilymemberuponmakingamemorableachievement.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.6、2016年6月真題第三套Directions:

Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowritealettertoexpressyourthanksto

oneofyourfriendswhohelpedyoumostwhenyouwereindifficulty.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.四、書(shū)信格式：（一）稱呼：1、寫(xiě)給機(jī)構(gòu)：DearSirorMadam,2、寫(xiě)給個(gè)人：Dear+人名，1）2001年6月：DearXiaoWang,2）2002年1月：DearMr.President,3）2016年6月：DearMr.Wang,DearFather,DearBob,3、寫(xiě)給集體：1）DearFriends,2）DearFellowClassmates,

（二）正文：3段，10句，3-5個(gè)關(guān)聯(lián)詞，3-5個(gè)從句1、第一段：2句1）自我介紹：私人書(shū)信除外Iamfreshman/sophomore/junior/senior/undergraduateintheDepartmentofChineseLanguageandLiteratureofPekingUniversity.2）寫(xiě)作目的：書(shū)信中心思想，改寫(xiě)提綱一（1）Iamwritingtheletterforpurposeofexpressingmysincereapologytoyou.（道歉信）（2）Iamwritingthelettertogive/propose/offersome/severaluseful/conducive/practicalmendationstoyou.（建議信）（3）Iamwritingthelettertomendmyfavoritemovietoyou.（推薦信）2、第二段：3句左右，改寫(xiě)提綱二1）主題句：1句2）分論點(diǎn)一：1句3）分論點(diǎn)二：1句3、第三段：2句，改寫(xiě)提綱三1）表示感謝：部分私人書(shū)信除外（1）Mythanksforyoutoyourgeneroushelparebeyondwords.我對(duì)您慷慨幫助的感謝難以言表。（2）WordsfailmewhenIwishtoexpressmysinceregratitudetoyou.感激之情，溢于言表。（3）Itakethisopportunitytoshowmyheartfeltappreciationtothekindassistanceyourenderme.我想借此機(jī)會(huì)對(duì)您的熱心幫助表示衷心的感謝。2）期待回信（1）Ilookforwardtohearingfromyousoon.盼即賜復(fù)。（2）Iamlookingforwardtoyourfavorablereplyatyourearliestconvenience.期待您在方便之時(shí)盡快給予我圓滿的答復(fù)。（3）Yourpromptattentiontomyinquirywouldbehighlyappreciated.十分感謝您對(duì)我的詢問(wèn)給予及時(shí)的關(guān)注。3）寫(xiě)作目的（三）落款：1、結(jié)尾客套：1）萬(wàn)能：Yourssincerely,或Sincerelyyours,2）私人：Yoursfaithfully,或Faithfullyyours,3）公務(wù)：Yourstruly,或Trulyyours,2、落款：LiMing書(shū)寫(xiě)格式：縮進(jìn)式段與段之間不空行，每段首行縮進(jìn)四個(gè)字母五、致辭類(lèi)應(yīng)用文：（一）真題透視：1、2004年6月真題：導(dǎo)游詞Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositionentitledABriefIntroductiontoaTouristAttraction.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsaccordingtothefollowingguideline:Yourrole:atourguideYouraudience:agroupofforeigntouristsYourintroductionshouldinclude:1）Someingwords2）Theschedulefortheday3）Adescriptionoftheplacethetouristswillbevisiting(e.g.ascenicspotorahistoricalsite,etc.)Youshouldmaketheintroductioninterestingandthearrangementsforthedaycleartoeverybody.2、2005年1月：競(jìng)選演講Directions:Forthispart,youareallowedtowriteACampaignSpeechinsupportofyourelectiontothepostofchairmanofthestudentunion.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelowinChinese:

1.你認(rèn)為自己具備了什么條件（能力、性格、愛(ài)好等）可以勝任學(xué)

生會(huì)主席的工作，

2.如果當(dāng)選你將會(huì)為本校同學(xué)做什么？（二）致辭類(lèi)范文：2005年1月真題Directions:Forthispart,youareallowedtowriteACampaignSpeechinsupportofyourelectiontothepostofchairmanofthestudentunion.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelowinChinese:

1.你認(rèn)為自己具備了什么條件（能力、性格、愛(ài)好等）可以勝任學(xué)

生會(huì)主席的工作，

2.如果當(dāng)選你將會(huì)為本校同學(xué)做什么？

TodayIamverygladtorunforthechairpersonoftheStudentUnion.IamjuniorintheDepartmentofChineseLanguageandLiterature.Iamsurethat

Iamqualifiedforthisposition.

First,

Iamgoodatcommunicatingandorganizing.Bytheway,withmyoutstandingleadership,Ihavebeenelectedpresidentofourdepartmentseveraltimes.

Second,

Iamwarm-heartedandeasygoing.Notonlydomyqualificationsandworkexperiencemakemeaperfectcandidate,mycheerfulpersonalityiswellsuitedfortheposition.Last,

myhobbiesincludesportsandmusic.IfIamelected,Iwillexertallmyefforts.Firstly,Iwillorganizesuitableactivities.Secondly,Iwilltrytoreachyourdemandsaswell.Therefore,Idonothesitatetomendmyselfasanidealcandidate.Iamsureyouwillmakeawisedecisioninvotingforme.(146words)六、告示類(lèi)應(yīng)用文（一）真題透視：1、2006年6月17日：Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteaposterrecruitingvolunteers.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow:

1．校學(xué)生會(huì)將組織一次暑假志愿者活動(dòng)，現(xiàn)招募志愿者

2．本次志愿者活動(dòng)的目的、內(nèi)容、安排等

3．報(bào)名條件及聯(lián)系方式2、2007年6月：招新啟事Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanannouncementtoestudentstojointoaclub.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow:1、本社團(tuán)的主要活動(dòng)內(nèi)容，2、參加本社團(tuán)的好處，3、如何加入本社團(tuán)。（二）告示類(lèi)范文：2007年6月真題Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanannouncementtoestudentstojointoaclub.Yous