深航防除培訓(xùn)材料-b737-300除冰防冰操作程序

B737-300B737-300除冰/防冰操作程序B737-300Deicing/Anti-icingMaintenance適用性：適用于深航B737-300Applicability:B737-300fleetofShenzhen在地面結(jié)冰條件下，在飛機(jī)起飛前，需要飛行機(jī)組確認(rèn)機(jī)翼、舵面、發(fā)進(jìn)氣道及其他Note：Thismaintenanceproceduremainlyprovidesairplanedeicing/anti-icingprocedure.Inadditionto,thismaintenanceprocedurealsoincludeothersystemmaintenanceprocedureincoldweather.Duringice,snowand/orfrostcondition,beforetheairplanetakeoff,theflightcrewshouldinspectwhetherthewing,controlsurface,engineinletductandothercriticalflightsurfaces,areattachedwiththeice,snow,anddeterminewhethertheseconditionsaresafetytoflight,orshoulddothedeicing/anti-icingprocedure.ColdWeatherMaintenanceProcedure(Figure301,Figure302,Figure303,FigureSafeairplaneoperationincoldweatherconditionscancausespecialproblems.Theseproblemsoccurbecauseoftheeffectsoftheice,snow,slush,frost,andlowtemperatures.Maintenancesmustknowtheeffectofcoldweathertokeepthecostsandtimetoaminimum.Thisproceduregivesdataforremovalofice,snow,slushandfrostfromtheairplane.Thisproceduregivesdataforthepreventionofsubsequentice,snow,slushandfrost.Italsoincludesotherrelateddatafortheoperationoftheairplaneincoldweather.Theoperatormustfindandusecorrectproceduresfortheweatherconditionsthat thatdoestheworkmustmakesuretheproceduresforoperationofequipmentduringice,snowand/orfrostconditionsaresatisfactoryfortheconditionsofoperation.Usethedatathatfollowtomakesuretheproceduresaresatisfactory:ThecoldweatherconditionsthatoccurredTheequipmentormaterialsthatareTheweatherconditionsattheairportwhereyouwillIncoldweatheritisnecessarytodrainthefuelumpspriortorefuelingtoremovewaterfromthefuel iftheairplanehasbeenidleformorethan45minutespriortorefueling.Drainthefuel umpsagainafterrefuelingiftheairplanehasbeenidlefor2hoursormoreafterrefueling,priortodeparture.Incoldweatherwatercanfreeze,andnotletthedrainvalvesopen.Deicingisaproceduretoremovethefrost,iceorsnowfromtheairplane.Hotwaterorahotmixtureofwateranddeicing/anti-icingfluidisappliedtodothis.Anti-icingisaproceduretomakesurethatice,snowand/orfrostdoesnotcollectand attachedtotheairplanesurfaces.Anti-icingfluidoramixtureofanti-icingfluidandwaterisappliedtotheairplanetodothis.Onestepiceremoval/anti-icingappliesahotdeicing/anti-icingfluidormixtureoffluidandwater.Usetheconditionsthatfollowtomakeadecisiononhowhottomakethefluidorthefluidandwatermixture:TheambientTheweatherTwostepiceremoval/anti-icinghasthestepsthatApplyhotwaterorahotmixtureofdeicing/anti-icingfluidandwatertoremovetheImmediayfollowwithasprayofadeicing/anti-icingfluidoramixtureofdeicing/anti-icingfluidandwaterforanti-icing.Thisstepmustbedonelessthan3minutesafteryoustartedthefirststep.Ifitisnecessary,dotheprocedureareabyarea.Holdovertimeistheapproximatetimeanti-icingfluidwillkeepthefrost,ice,orsnowofftheairplanesurfacesthathaveprotection.NOTE:Youcannotfindthelevelofprotectionortheholdovertimewithprecision.Theweatherconditionsandthefluid/fluidmixturewillhaveaneffectontheholdovertime.Thethatdoestheproceduremustusefluidmanufacturers’instructionstomakeanestimateoftheprotectiontime.Whenthereisprecipitation,removetheicefromtheairplaneasneartodepartureaspossible.TypeI除冰/80%TypeI粘度改變，但不會改變其切應(yīng)力。TypeI防冰液所起到的防冰持續(xù)效應(yīng)時間比較短。TypeI(notthickened)deicing/anti-icingfluidsusuallyhaveaminimumof80percentGlycol.Thetemperaturemakestheviscositychange,buttheshearstressdoesnotchange.Thesefluidsgiveanti-icingprotectionforonlyashorttime.TypeIITypeIV除冰/50%的乙二醇。當(dāng)切應(yīng)力改變，液體的粘度下降非?？?。TypeIITypeIV除冰/TypeI除冰/防冰液要長。TypeIIandTypeIVthickened)deicing/anti-icingfluidsusuallyhaveaminimumof50percentGlycol.Thereisalso45to50percentwaterplusthickenersandinhibitors.Thetemperatureandtheshearstressthatisappliedcanmaketheviscosityofthesefluidschange.Theyareusuallyveryviscousatlowlevelsofshearstress.Whentheshearstresschanges,theirviscositydecreasesveryquickly.TypeIIandTypeIVfluidsgivelongerholdovertimesthanTypeIdeicing/anti-icingfluids.Anairplanethatisparked,forthiscoldweatherprocedure,isanairplaneintheloadingareaforashorttimetobepreparedforthedeparture.Iftheairplanestaysintheloadingareathroughthenightincoldweatherconditions,refertotheguidelinesforParkedAirplanesinthisprocedure.Coldweatheroperationdoesnotincludeanairplanethatisparkedforalongtime.NOTE:ThisisincludedinPuttheAirplaneBacktoAServiceableConditionAftertheStorage,AMM10-12-00/201.Slushisiceand/orsnowthatisnotfullymelted.Thus,theiceremoval/anti-icingproceduresforiceandsnowremovalapplytoslush.Aspecialprocedureforslushisnotnecessary.Starectronicequipmentinthecoldweatherconditionsthesameasintheusualconditions.Aspecialprocedureisnotnecessary.Theenginestartprocedureforcoldweatheroperation.ProceduretoPreparetheEngineforOperation,AMM71-00-00/201WARNING:MAKESUREYOUUSETHECORRECTEQUIPMENTFORTHEFLUIDYOUUSE.MECHANICALOREQUIPMENTSHEAROFTHEFLUIDCANOCCURIFTHECORRECTEQUIPMENTISNOTUSED.IFTHISOCCURS,THEVISCOSITYOFMANYTYPEIIANDTYPEIVFLUIDSWILLDECREASEAND,THUS,THEAPPROXIMATEHOLDOVERTIME.MAKESUREYOUREFERTOTHEMANUFACTURER’SGUIDELINESFORTHEFLUIDTHATYOUUSE.GroundequipmentthatiscorrectandsatisfactorytousewiththematerialsthatBoomtruckorcherry-TypeIII,IVTypeI,II,orIVdeicingTypeIII,IVTypeI,II,orIVanti-icingHotAirTYPEIITYPEIV除冰/TYPEI除冰/防冰液或熱水，會導(dǎo)致殘余物在靜止的氣動表面上。在某些高溫、高濕度和/或雨水天氣條件下，這些殘余CAUTION:THEREPEATEDAPPLICATIONOFTYPEIIANDTYPEIVDEICING/ANTI-ICINGFLUIDS,WITHOUTTHESUBSEQUENTAPPLICATIONOFTYPEIDEICING/ANTIICINGFLUIDORHOTWATER,MAYCAUSEARESIDUETOCOLLECTINAERODYNAMICALLYQUIETAREAS.THISRESIDUEMAYREHYDRATEANDFREEZEUNDERCERTAINHIGHTEMPERATURE,HIGHHUMIDITYAND/ORRAINCONDITIONS.THISRESIDUEMAYBLOCKORIMPEDECRITICALFLIGHTCONTROLSYSTEMS.THISRESIDUEMAYREQUIRE法/步驟。通常情況下，TypeIITypeIV防冰/TypeI防冰/除冰液提供更長的持續(xù)效TypeIITypeIV防冰/除冰液可以降低在長時間的滑行后，冰、雪、或者霜聚集在飛機(jī)上的可能性。在圖301中提供了除冰、雪或霜的工作指引。Manyconditionscanhaveaneffectonwhichprocedureyouusetoremoveice,snow,orfrostortomakesureitdoesnotcollectand eattachedtotheairplanesurfaces.Eachoperatormustlookatthelocalweatherconditions.Ifitispossible,usetheproceduresthatwereusedbeforewiththesameconditions.Ageneralguidelineis,TypeIIandTypeIVfluidsgivealongerholdovertimethanTypeIfluids.UseTypeIIandTypeIVfluidstodecreasetheriskthatice,snow,orfrostwillcollectontheairplaneduringalongtaxi.Forexample,Thefigurethatfollowsgivesthegeneralguidelinestohelpyoufindthecorrectice,snow,orfrostremovalprocedure.Thisgivesyouthesameprocedureyouwillfindwhenyouusethefullguidelinesinthisprocedure.(Figure301)NOTE:TheapplicablefluidswhichobeytheBoeing D6-17487,"CertificationTestofAirplaneMaterial"andconformtoanyofthefollowingspecifications,areacceptableThefollowingisalistofTypeI(newtonian)fluid,以在任何濃度下使用。MIL-A-8243D液體的持續(xù)效應(yīng)時間沒有列出。NOTE:MIL-A-8243DType1fluidisacceptableina50/50fluid/waterconcentration.MIL-A-8243DType2fluidisacceptableinanyconcentration.TherearenoholdovertimeguidelinesforMIL-A-8243Dfluids.ThefollowingisalistofTypeIIandTypeIV(non-newtonian)fluid,當(dāng)采用一步除冰/防冰法來進(jìn)行除冰/TypeITypeIITypeIV除冰/防UseahotmixtureofwaterandTypeI,TypeII,orTypeIVdeicing/anti-icingfluidswhenyoudotheone-stepiceremoval/anti-icingprocedure.Thethreeitemsbelowwillhaveaneffectonthetyofwatermixedwiththefluidandthetemperatureyouuse:TheweatherTheholdoverprotectionthatisTheconditionofthe需要使用足夠溫度和流量的除冰防冰液去沖洗飛機(jī)上的冰雪。所使用除冰防冰液的混合比例和型號對持續(xù)效應(yīng)時間有很大的影響。天氣條件決定是否還需要在飛機(jī)上使用除冰/防冰混合液。如果上次除冰防冰后有液體殘留在飛機(jī)表面上并已凍結(jié)，則還要繼續(xù)進(jìn)行除冰Itisnecessarytohavesufficientfluidtemperatureandflowratetoflushtheiceandsnowfromtheairplanesurfaceswhenitcollectsthere.Moreice,snoworfrostwillnotcollectontheairplanesurfaceswherethereisremainingfluid.Themixtureandtypeoffluidusedwillhaveaneffectontheholdovertime.Theweatherconditionscanmakeitnecessarytoapplythefluid/watermixtureagain.Thiswillbenecessarytoremovethefrozenfluidthatcollectedsincethefluid/watermixturewasappliedlast.Thisisalsodonetoincreasetheprotectiontime.Youcanusecoldwatertoremovesnowiftheconditionsthatfollowoccur:ThereisonlysnowontheThetemperatureis34℉(1.1℃)orhigher,andstableorontheCAUTION:DONOTPOINTASOLIDFLOWOFFLUIDDIRECTLYATTHESURFACE.APPLYTHEFLUIDATLOWANGLETOPREVENTDAMAGETOTHEAIRPLANESURFACES.DONOTUSEAHIGHPRESSURESPRAYTOBLOWTHEICEANDSNOWOFFTHEAIRPLANESURFACES.蓋的表面，但要確保噴射的壓力不能高于10Psi/25平方英寸，以防止損壞飛機(jī)表面。Forthebestresultsintheiceorsnowremoval,youmustincreasethetemperatureofthedeicingfluidandhotwaterto180-200℉(82.2-93.38℃),atthe.Afinetomediumsprayismendedtoapplythefluidacrossalargeareaoficeorsnow.Thiswillcausetheiceorsnowtomeltthefastest.Asolidflowoffluidis mendedtoflushtheiceorsnowfromtheairplanesurfaces.Makesuretheumforceofthesolidflowoffluidonthesurfacesinnotmorethan10psionanareaof25squareinches(161.3squarecentimeters).Thiswillpreventdamagetothesurfaces.的冰或雪和除冰/防冰液混合在一起并且在飛機(jī)上結(jié)冰，這說明需要的除冰/防冰液來進(jìn)行除冰/防冰工作，參考圖302TypeI、TypeIITypeIV的要求。Tofindthetyofdeicing/anti-icingfluidtouseinthedeicingmixtureatagiventemperature,refertothemanufacturer’sspecificationsforthefluidyouuse.TheloweroftheambienttemperatureorthetemperatureoftheairplanesurfaceisthetemperaturetousefortheTable.Seeifthemixtureofmeltediceorsnowanddeicing/anti-icingfluidfreezesagainontheairplaneasitflowsoff.Ifitdoes,alargertyofdeicing/anti-icingfluidinthemixtureisnecessary.ForTypeI,TypeIIandTypeIVinthis useFigure302.Alayerofanti-icingfluidwillgiveprotectionfromice,snow,andfrostifyouapplythefluidtoadrywing.Amixtureofanti-icingfluidandwater(theambienttemperaturewillhaveaneffectonwhentouseamixturewithwater)willalsogiveprotectionifyouapplyittoadrywing.Thefluidmustbeappliedbeforeconditionsstart.Usetheconditionsthatfollowtomakeadecisiontoapplyanti-icingfluidtoacoldsoakedairplane:ThereisTheairtemperatureisaboveSincethetemperatureoftheexternalsurfacesoftheairplanecanbebelowfreezing,icecanoccurandattachtothesurface.Therecanbeclearicebelowthelayerofsnoworslush,whichisnoteasytofind.Makesurethatalltheiceisremovedafteryoudotheiceremovaloriceremoval/anti-icingprocedure.PossiblyitwillbenecessarytofeelthesurfacetodotheWhentheprecipitationiscontinuous,thetwo-stepiceremoval/anti-icingprocedureisusuallymended.Useoneoftheitemsthatfollowtofindthetyoffluidtouseinthemixture:TheinstructionsofthefluidTheairMakesurethereisnoice,snow,orfrostonthewingforthetakeoff.Todothis,themaintenancesmustcarefullyexaminetheairplanebeforethedeparture.Youmustremovesnowfromaparkedairplaneregularly.ThiswillmakesurethatatyofsnowwillnotcollectandpossiblyfreezeontheairplaneCAUTION:CAREFULLYMOVEROPESORFABRICHOSESONTHEWINGORFUSELAGE.EQUIPMENTTHATISINSTALLEDONTHESURFACEOFTHEWINGORFUSELAGECANBEDAMAGEDBYTHEMOVEMENTOFTHEROPESOR Usebroomswithlonghandlestoremovethesnowformthewingsandhorizontalstabilizers.Thiswillmakeiteasier.Youcanuseropesorafabrichosetoremovethesnowfromthefuselage.Movetheropeorhosebackandforthonthetopofthefuselageasyoumoveitaft.Beforeyoumoveanairplaneoutofawarmhangarduringicingconditions,dotheanti-icingprocedureontheairplane.Thiswillmakeitlesspossiblethaticeorsnowwillmeltwhenittouchesthewarmairplaneandfreezeagain.Ifyouremoveicewithwaterthatisnothotyoumusttinawarmhangar,ifitispossible.Keeptheairplaneinthehangaruntilthesurfacesaredry.Itwillbenecessarytodoacheckofthoseareaswherethewatercancollectandfreeze.Ifanti-icingfluidisapplied,itisnotasnecessaryfortheairplanetodry.WARNING:DEICING/ANTI-ICINGFLUIDISDANGEROUS.DONOTLETITTOUCHTHESKINOREYES,ANDUSECLOTHINGTHATGIVESSUFFICIENTDonotpointasprayofdeicing/anti-icingfluiddirectlyatorintothepitotinlets,TATprobesorstaticportsshownin(Figure303).DonotpointasprayofhotdeicingfluidorhotwaterdirectlyatcoldDonotpointasprayofdeicing/anti-icingfluiddirectlyintotheengine,APU,scoops,vents,drains,etc.Donotusemorethan10psi(68.9KPa)onanareaof25squareinches(161.3squarecentimeters).Donotpointasolidflowoffluiddirectlyattheairplanesurfaces.Makesurethaticeand/orsnowisnotpushedintotheareasaroundtheflightcontrolsduringiceandsnowremoval.在關(guān)門之前，清除門上和girtbarRemovealloftheiceorsnowfromthedoorandgirtbarareasbeforeyoucloseaDonotopenthecargodoorsifitisnotnecessary.Removetheiceandsnowfromthecargocontainersbeforeyouputthemontheairplane.Beforethedoorsareclosedforflightputanti-icingfluidontheseareas:ThepressurereliefThelowerdoorThebottomedgeoftheDonotusehardorsharptoolstoremovetheicefromtheairplaneTherightandleftsidesofthewingandhorizontalstabilizermustgetthesameandfulliceremoval/anti-icingprocedure.Removeallofthedeicing/anti-icingfluidfromthecockpitwindowsbeforethedeparture.Makesureyoucarefullyexaminethewindowswiththewipersinstalled.Makesurethatfluidisremovedfromalltheforwardareaswhereitcanflowbackonthewindshieldsduringthetaxiandtakeoff.Theseareasmustbecleanbeforethedeparture.在進(jìn)行多次的除冰/防冰工作后，必須要檢查較少或沒有空氣流動吹動的區(qū)域孔上殘留除冰/Aftertheiceremoval/anti-icingprocedurehasbeendonemanytimes,youmustexaminetheareasandholeswherethereislessornoaerodynamicflow.Lookforremainingdeicing/anti-icingfluidsintheareassuchasbalancebaysandwingandstabilizerrear如果跑道上有雪泥，當(dāng)飛機(jī)滑到停機(jī)坪，檢查飛機(jī)上雪泥的情況以及飛機(jī)表面的損壞情況。Whenthereisslushontherunways,examinetheaircraftwhenitgetstotheramp.Lookforslushthatcollectedontheairplaneordamagetotheairplanesurfaces.Examinetheareasthatfollowforicethatcollectedanddamagetotheskinpanels(removetheiceifitisnecessary):TheleadingTheTheflapTheverticalTheThebottomandthetopsurfaceofthehorizontalstabilizersandExaminethewheelwellareasforice,slushandsnowthatcollected.RemovetheiceifitisExaminetheskinpanelsbehindthewheelwellsfordamagedMakesuretheconcentrationofthedeicing/anti-icingfluidiscorrectbeforeyouapplyittotheWARNING:DONOTWALKONTHEWINGSORTHEHORIZONTALSTABILIZER.ICEORSNOWONTHESESURFACESISNOTSAFE.MAINTENANCESCANFALLWHIAYCAUSEALINJURYORAIRPLANEDAMAGE.Useaboomtruck,acherry-pickerordeicing/anti-icingtrucktododeicing/anti-TYPEIITYPEIV除冰/TYPEI除冰/防冰液或熱水，會導(dǎo)致殘余物在靜止的氣動表面上。在某些高溫、高濕度和/或雨水天氣條件下，這些殘余物會再化為水并結(jié)冰，可能會妨礙或飛行控制系統(tǒng)的作動。因此，這些殘余CAUTION:THEREPEATEDAPPLICATIONOFTYPEIIANDTYPEIVDEICING/ANTI-ICINGFLUIDS,WITHOUTTHESUBSEQUENTAPPLICATIONOFTYPEIDEICING/ANTI-ICINGFLUIDORHOTWATER,MAYCAUSEARESIDUETOCOLLECTINAERODYNAMICALLYQUIETAREAS.THISRESIDUEMAYREHYDRATEANDFREEZEUNDERCERTAINHIGHTEMPERATURE,HIGHHUMIDITYAND/ORRAINCONDITIONS.THISRESIDUEMAYBLOCKORIMPEDECRITICALFLIGHTCONTROLSYSTEMS.THISRESIDUEMAYREQUIREREMOVAL.Control在結(jié)冰或下雪情況下，收上機(jī)翼上的襟翼、縫翼和擾流板。如果需要這些舵面，確保在收Retractthewingflaps,slats,andspoilersduringicingconditionsorwhenthesnowfalls.Ifitisnecessarytooperatethesecontrols,makesuretheyarenotblockedbyiceorsnowbeforeyouretractthem.NOTE:Ifanairplanecomestothegatewiththeflapsnotfullyretractedduringicingconditionsorwhenthesnowfalls,examinethoseflapsthatarenotfullyretracted.Lookforiceorsnowthathascollectedbeforetheyareretracted.確保所有舵面上沒有冰、雪或霜存在。在除冰之后，確保在飛行舵面的鉸鏈、導(dǎo)向滑Allofthecontrolsurfacesmusthavenoice,snow,orfrostonthem.Afteryouremovetheice,makesurethereisnomoisturecollectedinthehinges,guidetracksandactuatorsfortheflightcontrols.Thismoisturecouldsubsequentlyfreeze.Applydeicing/anti-icingfluidforWARNING:TOAVOIDALINJURY,ENSURETHATTHESTABILIZERTRIMWHEELHANDLEISSTOWEDPRIORTOUSINGELECTRICTRIM.Stabilizertrim-FullAirplaneNoseDown(FigureSetstabilizertotheAPLNOSEDOWNlimittopreventdeicingfluidandslushrun-offfromenteringthestabilizerbalancepanel.APLNOSEDOWNAPLNOSEDOWN極TrimtheairplanetotheelectricalAPLNOSEDOWNlimit.ThencontinuetrimmingmanuallytothemanualAPLNOSEDOWNlimit.OpentheleadingedgedevicesandlookforiceorCAUTION:BECAREFULWHENYOUREMOVETHEICEANDSNOWFROMTHEWINGANDTAILSURFACESNEARTHEVORTEXGENERATORS.IFYOUARENOTCAREFULYOUCANCAUSEDAMAGETOTHEVORTEXGENERATORS.Thewingandhorizontaltailsurfacesmusthavenoice,snow,andfroston注：在機(jī)翼下表面(翼梁區(qū)域)1/8英寸厚或更薄的霜是允許的，只要這些霜是由很冷NOTE:Alayeroffrost1/8-inchthickorlessonthelowerwingsurfaces(inthespararea)ispermittedifitiscausedbyverycoldfuel.But,alloftheseareasmusthavenoice,snow,orfrostonthem:leadingedgedevices,controlsurfaces,tabsurfaces,andthetopwingsurface.Theleadingedgesurfacesmusthavenoice,snoworfrostonthem.ExaminetheareasbetweenthesurfacesthatmoveandthesurfacesthatdonotmovetomakesurethereisnoTherightandleftsidesofthehorizontalstabilizermustgetthesameandfulliceremoval/anti-icingprocedure.CAUTION:BECAREFULWHENYOUREMOVETHEICEANDSNOWFROMTHEFUSELAGEAREAWHERETHEREARELIGHTSANDANTENNA.IFYOUARENOTCAREFUL,YOUCANCAUSEDAMAGETOTHEEQUIPMENT.Thefuselageandtheverticaltailsurfacesmusthavenoiceorsnowonthem.Thiswillincreasetheaerodynamicdragandtheweightoftheairplane.NOTE:Thinhoarfrostispermittedonthetopsurfaceofthefuselageifalltheventsandportsareclear.Thinhoarfrostisawhi ayerofconstantthicknesswithasharpcrystallinetexture.Itusuallyoccursonsurfacesthatareoutonacoldnightwithnoclouds.Hoarfrostisthin.Youcanseeitemsonthesurfacebelowthelayeroffrost,suchaspaintlines,marksorletters.Donotapplyhotdeicingfluidorhotwaterdirectlyonthepilots’windshieldorthepassengerwindows.Youcanletthefluidflowonthewindowsafteryouapplyittothetopofthecabin.Thisispermittedsincethefluidwillbecoolwhenitgetstothewindow.Allofthedeicing/anti-icingfluidonthecockpitwindowsmustberemovedbeforethedeparture.Carefullyexaminethewindowswiththewipersinstalled.Also,examinetheforwardareaswherethefluidcanflowaftonthewindshieldsduringthetaxiandtakeoff.Theseareasmustbeclearbeforethedeparture.發(fā)和APUWARNING:SMUSTSTAYCLEAROFTHEDANGEROUSAREASINFRONTOFORINBACKOFANENGINEANDINTHEAPUEXHAUSTWHENTHEYOPERATE.INJURYORDEATHOFSCANOCCURINTHESEAREAS.(ENGINEGROUNDSAFETYPRECAUTIONS,AMM71-00-00/201)為了安全，在進(jìn)行除冰/防冰工作時，不要運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)和/或APU。但是，如果在發(fā)和/或APU工作期間需要進(jìn)行除冰/防冰的工作，則按照以下步驟進(jìn)行：Forthesafetyof s,donotoperatetheenginesortheAPUduringtheiceremoval/anti-icingoperations.But,ifitisnecessarytodotheiceremoval/anti-icingprocedureduringengineand/orAPUoperation,dothestepsthatfollow:Makesuretheengineand/ortheAPUisatidleDonotpointthesprayofdeicing/anti-icingfluidsdirectlyintotheengineand/orAPUinlet.對APU造成損壞。CAUTION:MAKESURETHEAPUINLETAREAISCLEARBEFOREYOUSTARTTHEAPU.THEAPUCANBEDAMAGEDBYTHEICEORSNOWTHATCOLLECTEDINTHEINLETAREA.當(dāng)發(fā)/APU在工作，如果要在發(fā)/APU進(jìn)口區(qū)域進(jìn)行除冰/防冰工作，則按Iftheengines/Areon,dothestepsthatfollowtokeepthefumesoutofthecabinwhenyouapplydeicing/anti-icingfluidintheareaoftheengines/APUinlets.ClosethevalvesfortheairconditioningpacktotheClosetheshutoffvalvesfortheAirDonotpointasprayofdeicing/anti-icingfluiddirectlyintotheareas發(fā)/APU進(jìn)氣TheinletductsfortheengineorEnginethrustEngineProbesattachedtotheEnginebleedairRemovetheicefromtheVortexgeneratorontheAPUinletdoorwhentheAPUisnotinoperation.Whendeicingoranti-icingtheairplane,protectthewheelsandbrakesfromfluidcontaminationwiththemethodsbelow:Donotdire prayofdeicingoranti-icingfluidsatthewheelsorUsesuitablecoversonthewheelsandbrakeswhenoperationallyApplytheparkingbraketoreduceincidentalcontaminationofbrakefrictionsurfaceswhenoperationallyfeasible.Manuallyremovesnoworiceaccumulationfromthewheels,brakes,ortires.Ahotairblowermaybeusedforthispurpose.LandingGearandMakesurethereisnotalayeroficeand/orsnowonthemovablepartsandthepositionindicationswitchesforthelandinggear.Thiscouldpreventthecorrectoperationofthelandinggear.Makesureyoudonotremovelubricantsormakethelubricantsthinnerwhenyouapplydeicing/anti-icingfluids.Partsthatarenotlubricatedcanceaseornotoperatewithoutthecorrectservicing.RemovetheiceandsnowfromtheseThelandinggearThedoorTheuplockTheuplockBungeeThebungeeThelockMakesurethaticedidnotcollectonthesteeringcablesforthenosewheel.Removetheiceifitisnecessary.Examinethealternateextendsystemforicethathascollectedintheseareasthatareopenandnotheated:ExaminecontrolcablesforlandinggearTheexternalmechanismforthelandingCAUTION:DONOTMOVETHEAIRPLANEIFTHETIRESFREEZETOTHEGROUND.MAKESURETHEWHEELSTURNWHENYOUMOVETHEAIRPLANE.Removetheiceandsnowfromthegroundareasaroundthelandinggear.Thiswillmakeitlesspossiblethatthetireswillfreezetotheground.Thiswillalsopreventunwantedairplanemovementbecauseofthewindorengineoperation.Usewarmairordeicingfluidtoreleasethetiresfromthegroundortoremovefrozenmaterial.Saltisnot mendedsinceitcancollectonthemetalpartsandCausecorrosion.Wing霜會融化。如果還有繼續(xù)結(jié)霜的跡象而且結(jié)霜的厚度超過1/8inch(3.2mm)，則Frostcanoccuronthebottomofthewingsinthefuelareasintemperaturesabovefreezing.Thisiscausedbythecondensationofmoistureintheairwhenittouchescoldsurfacesthatarebelowfreezing.Thefrostwillusuallymeltwhenyouaddfuelthatisatahighertemperature.Ifthefrostcontinuesandismorethan1/8inch(3.2mm)thick,removeitbeforethetakeoff.ClearicecanoccuronthetopofthewingwhentheseconditionsThetemperatureofthefuelintheisbelowTheambienttemperatureisaboveThereisrain,drizzleorCarefullyexaminethetopofthewingtoseeifthereisclearice.Usetheequipmentthatisnecessarytogetsufficientaccesstothetopofthewingtodothischeck.Itispossiblethattheclearicecanonlybefoundbytouch.Youmustremovecleariceandanti-icethewing,ifitisnecessary,beforethetakeoff.PitotProbe,StaticPorts,andTotalAirTemperature(TAT)Probes(Figure303):Lookforicethatisattachedtothesurface4feetorlessfromthepitotinlets,staticports,andTATprobeinlets.RemovealltheiceintheseDonotpointasprayofdeicing/anti-icingfluiddirectlyatorintothepitotinlets,staticports,ortheTATprobes.Ificecausesablockageofthestaticopenings,carefullyapplywarmairuntiltheicemelts.Ifyouappliedtoomuchfluidtothefuselagenearthestaticports,examinethenearestin-linedrain.Examineallofthewastewaterandcondensatedrainsontheairplanetomakesuretherearenotblockagesbecauseoficeorothermaterial.Itisnotnecessarytoputaplugonthedrainsduringtheiceremovaloranti-icingprocedure.But,donotpointafluidsprayatthesedrainMakesurethatnoiceand/orsnowisonthesensors.Makesurethesensorsarefreetomove.Applydeicingfluidifitisnecessary.WindshieldWiperRemovetheicethatcollectedonthewindshieldwiperHotWaterIceYoucanusehotwaterat180-200℉(82.2-93.3℃) temperaturetoremoveiceandsnowfromtheairplanesurfaceswhentheambienttemperatureis27℉(-2.8℃),stableorontheincrease.Topreventthewaterfromfreezingagainyoumustapplyanti-icingfluidtothesurfaceimmediayafteryouremovetheicewithhotwater.Add10%glycoltothehotwater.Thiswillkeeptoaminimumthefreezingoftheremainingwaterintheequipmentyouusedtoremovethe28(-2.2℃)以下，使用該步驟去除飛機(jī)上的冰和雪。在使用Youcandotheone-stepiceremoval/anti-icingprocedure,withthedeicing/anti-icingfluidheatedto180-200℉(82.2-93.3℃).Usethisproceduretoremovetheiceandsnowfromtheairplanewhenthetemperatureisbelow28℉(-2.2℃).Afteryouusethemixturetomaketheairplanesurfacesareclear,theremainingfluidwillgivesomeanti-icingprotection.Ifthematerial/deicingfluidthatyouwantedtoremovefreezesbeforeitflowsofftheairplane,itshowsthatanincorrectmixtureofanti-icingfluidwasused.Youmustapplymoreanti-icingfluidtogetmoreprotection.與水混合的除冰/TypeI除冰/TypeIITypeIV除ThefluidmixedwiththewatercanbeTypeIdeicing(iceremoval)/anti-icingfluidorTypeIIorTypeIVdeicing/anti-icingfluid.TheholdovertimewillbelongerwiththeTypeIIandTypeIVdeicing/anti-icingfluid.Witheachfluid,youmustusethedatathatfollowstofindthetyoffluidtouseinthemixture.ThefluidThe TheweatherIfyoumustremovemoreice,oritisnecessarytodotheanti-icingprocedurebeforethesubsequentflight,dothefulliceremoval/anti-icing3分鐘內(nèi)，必須要進(jìn)行第二步的防冰工作。如果需要，分區(qū)域進(jìn)行除冰/防Thetwo-stepiceremoval/anti-icingprocedureisusuallythemendedprocedurewhentheprecipitationconditionsarecontinuous.Thesecondstepmustbedonenomorethan3minutesafteryoubeginthefirststep.DotheprocedureareabyareaifitisTheitemsthatfollowwillhaveaneffectontheholdovertimeyougetafteryoudotheanti-icingprocedure.ThefluidthatwasTheweather因而，需要不斷進(jìn)行檢查，確認(rèn)是否需要使用的除冰/防冰液。Thus,youmustdofrequentinspectionstoseeifitisnecessarytoapplymoreIfitisnecessarytoapplymorefluidbeforethesubsequentflight,doafulliceremoval/anti-icingprocedure.Beforeyoustarttheengine,dothestepsthatfollowtomakesurethesystemswilloperatecorrectly.Operateallthecontrolsurfaces.Usea onthegroundtomakesurethecontrolsurfacesmovethefulltravel.Ifyouthinkthatsealsarefrozenorthereareblockagesinthebalancepanelbays,thenmovethecontrolsurfacesmanuallybeforeyoumovethemwithpower.Examinetheopeningsinthepitotprobe,probesinstalledonthestrutorintheengineinlet,andthestaticports.Makesuretheyareclearoficeorsnow.Makesurethereisnoiceorsnowcollectedonthelandinggearandorinthewheelwells.MakesurealltheinletsareclearoficeorMakesureallthedrainsareclearandnotMakesuretheenginecompressorcanturn注啟，因造成1風(fēng)轉(zhuǎn)不能轉(zhuǎn)動將會對發(fā) 造成損在溫如有在則動發(fā) ，確認(rèn)N1風(fēng)扇子能自轉(zhuǎn)動。以通過察風(fēng)扇能否被風(fēng)，或者手動葉確扇有。NOTE:Ifthefan(N1)cannotturnduringanenginestartbecauseofice,thiscancauseheavydamage.Whenitispossiblethatwatercollectedintheengineatfreezingtemperatures,youmustmakesurethefan(N1)canturnbeforeyoustarttheengine.Youcanseethelowpressure(LP)rotorfanbladesturnfromtheground.Ifthewinddoesnotturnthefan,youcanturnitbyhand.Ifyouwillmotortheenginetomakesuretheenginecompressorturns,usethisprocedure(AMM71-00-00/201).MakesureallofthedoorsareclearofWARNING:IFHIGHWINDSAREPOSSIBLE,USETHEPROCEDUREIN(PARKTHEAIRPLANE,AMM10-11-03)TOSETTHESTA