四級(jí)英語(yǔ)模擬考試題

xxx公司文件編號(hào)：文件日期：修訂次數(shù)：第1.0次更改批準(zhǔn)審核制定方案設(shè)計(jì)，管理制度PartIWriting(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositionwiththetitleONFriendship.Yourcompositionshouldbenolessthan120words.Remembertowriteyourcompositionneatly.Youshouldalsobaseyourcompositionontheoutlinebelow.1.Theneedforfriends2.Truefriendship3.MyprincipleinmakingfriendsPartIIListeningComprehension(25minutes)SectionADirection:Inthissection,youwillhearthreenewsreports,Attheendofeachnewsreport,youwillheartwoorthreequestions.Boththenewsreportandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorresbondingletteronAnswersheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.注意:此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡1上作答。Question1and2willbebasedonthefollowingnewsitem.A)ThehighestpriceofgoldonAsianmarkets.B)ThehighestpriceofgoldonAfricanmarkets.C)ThelowestpriceofgoldonAsianmarkets.D)ThelowestpriceofgoldonAfricanmarkets.A)Whenthepricefelltoitslowestlevel.B)Whengoldpricesreachedinvestors’settargets.C)Whenlotsofphysicalgoldwasconsumed.D)Whentheyareinthefuturesmarket.Question3and4willbebasedonthefollowingnewsitem.A)Birdsandbatsmayflyintotheturningblades.B)Birdsandbatscan’tstandhighwindspeed.C)Windturbinescanproduceelectricity.D)Windturbinescanreleasepoisonousgas.A)Itismadeofiron.B)Itismadeofsteel.C)Itismadeofplastic.D)Itismadeofpaperboard.Question5to7willbebasedonthefollowingnewsitem.A)Thehotconditions.B)Thecoldconditions.C)Thewetconditions.D)Thedryconditions.A)Pollutionwillbemoreseriousinpopularbeaches.B)Waterqualitymayreachthelowestleavel.C)Peoplemaybecomeinfectedwithdiseases.D)Awarningsystemwillbeextremelyurgent.A)Lessthan18hours.B)18to24hours.C)Morethan24hours.D)Morethan48hours.SectionBDirection:Inthissection,youwillheartwolongconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,youwillhearfourquestions.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorresbondingletteronAnswersheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.注意:此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡1上作答。ConversationOneQuestion8to11arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.A)Shehasn’tseensnow.B)Shedoesn'tliketoski.C)Sheisafraidofskiing.D)Shelivesveryfarawayfromtheskifield.A)Actlikeacat.B)Goupstepbystep.C)Standinthemiddle.D)Goupasquicklyaspossible.A)Crossthetips.B)Stopleaningforward.C)Pointthetipstogether.D)Movetoagentleplace.A)Pleasedbutafraid.B)Happybutnervous.C)Pleasedandproud.D)Excitingandsatisfied.ConversationTwoQuestion12to15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.A)Sheishonestandhardworking.B)Sheisverycompetentforthejob.C)Shelikesherjobverymuch.D)Sheishardworkingbutnotcompetent.A)Designingaterrificweb.B)Designingabasicweb.C)BuidingaterrificBBS.D)Designingaterrificprogram.A)Shelearnedtheskillsatafamousuniversity.B)Shelearnedtheskillsbyherself.C)Shedidn’tdowellatschool.D)Shereceivedsomeprofessionaltraining.A)Letherleaveimmediately.B)Getanexperiencedmantohelpher.C)Fireherinaweek.D)Lethergetsomeprofessionaltraining.SectionCDirection:Inthissection,youwillhearthreepassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorresbondingletteronAnswersheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.注意:此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡1上作答。PassageOneQuestion16to18arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.A)Sippingaglassofwinebeforegettingintobed.B)Drinkingacupofteaonehourbeforesleep.C)Exercisingoneoneortwohoursbeforebedtime.D)Takingahotshowerhalfanhourbeforebedtime.A)Listentosomequietmusic.B)Getoutofbedtillbeingsleepyagain.C)Trytorelaxourmind.D)Readsomeinterestingarticles.A)Approachestogetabetternight’ssleep.B)Theharmoflackofsleep.C)Effectsofmoderntechnologyonsleep.D)Benefitsofagoodsleep.PassageTwoQuestion19to22arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.A)Herteacherfoundthatshehadgreatskill.B)Shedidn'thavetroubleatschoolanymore.C)Shecouldfollowalltherulesfromthenon.D)Shefoundshecouldexpressherselfwithpainting.A)Shedepositeditinthebank.B)Shegaveittothesickchildren.C)Shecontributedittocharitableorganization.D)Shegaveitouttothosewhoneededit.A)Hecompletedhisbiggestcharityprojectunitnow.B)HegetamessagefromObamaandlawmakers.C)HeaskedforhelpforthosehomelesschildreninAmerica.D)Hemanagedtoraisetensofthousanddollars.A)Heenjoyedcommunityserviceworkeversincehewasverylittle.B)Windturbinescanproduceeletricity.C)Birdsandbatscan’tstandhighwindspeed.D)Windturbinescanreleasepoisonousgas.PassageThreeQuestion23to25arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.A)Itdoesn’tworkasexpected.B)Itcandohramtochildren.C)Itfindoutseriousinjuries.D)Itcanprovidedetailedimageofthebrian.A)Manychildrensuffergreatlyfrombraininjury.B)Manychildrenarethreatenedbylungcancer.C)Childrensuffermorefrombraininjurythanfromcancer.D)Childrenhaveahighriskofdevelopingcancer.A)Whenachildagedtwohasnobrokenboneintheskull.B)Whenachildagedtenloseconsciousness.C)Whenachildagedonehasnoseriousheadache.D)Whenachildagednienhasnormalmentalactivity.PartIIIReadingComprehension（40minutes）SectionAInfamilieswithtwoworkingparents,fathersmayhavemoreimpactonachild'slanguagedevelopmentthanmothers,anewstudysuggests.Researchers2692familiesfrom11childcarecentersbeforetheirchildrenwereayearold,interviewingeachtoestablishincome,levelofeducationandchildcarearrangements.Overall,itwasagroupofwell-educatedmiddle-classfamilies,withmarriedparentsbothlivinginthehome.Whenthechildrenwere2,researchersvideotapedthemathomeinfree-playsessionswithbothparents,27alloftheirspeech.ThestudywillappearintheNovemberissueofTheJournalofAppliedDevelopmentofPsychology.Thescientistsmeasuredthe28numberofutterances(話語(yǔ))oftheparents,thenumberofdiffe-rentwordstheyused,thecomplexityoftheirsentencesandother29oftheirspeech.Onaverage,fathersspokelessthanmothersdid,buttheydidnotdifferinthelengthofutterancesorproportionofquestionsasked.Finally,theresearchers30thechildren'sspeechatage3,usingastandardizedlanguagetest.Theonlypredictorsofhighscoresonthetestwerethemother'slevelofeducation,the31ofchildcareandthenumberofdifferentwordsthefatherused.Theresearchersare32whythefather'sspeech,andnotthemother's,hadaneffect."It'swell33thatthemother'slanguagedoeshaveanimpact,"saidNadyaPancsofar,theleadauthorofthestudy.Itcouldbethatthehigh-functioningmothersinthestudyhad34hadastronginfluenceontheirchildren'sspeechdevelopment,Ms.Pancsofarsaid,"oritmaybethatmothersare35inawaywedidn'tmeasureinthestudy."A)alreadyB)analyzedC)aspectsD)charactersE)contributingF)describingG)establishedH)qualityI)quotedJ)recordingK)recruitedL)totalM)unconsciousN)unsureO)yetSectionBDefinitionsofObesityA)HowdoesonedefinewhenapersonisconsideredtobeobeseandnotjustsomewhatoverweightHeight-weighttablesgivean

approximateguidelineastowhetheroneissimplyoverweightorhaspassedintotheobesestage.B)TheWorldHealthOrganizationrecommendsusinga

formulathattakesintoaccountaperson'sheightandweight.The"BodyMassIndex"(BMI)iscalculatedbydividingtheperson'sweightinkilogramsbythesquareoftheirheightinmeters,andisthusgiveninunitsofkg/m2.ABMIof18.5-24.9isconsideredtobethehealthiest.ABMIofbetween25and29.9isconsideredtobeoverweight,whileaBMIofover30isconsideredtobeobese.C)However,itisrecognizedthatthisdefinitionislimitedasitdoesnottakeintoaccountsuchvariablesasage,genderandethnicorigin,thelatterbeingimportantasdifferentethnicgroupshaveverydifferentfatdistributions.Anothershortcomingisthatitisnotapplicabletocertainverymuscularpeoplesuchasathletesandbodybuilders,whocanalsohaveartificiallyhighBMIs.AgenciessuchastheNationalCholesterolEducationProgram(NCEP)intheUSAandtheInternationalDiabetesFoundation(IDF)arestartingtodefineobesityinadultssimplyintermsof

waistcircumference.HealthEffectsofObesityD)Over2000yearsago,the

GreekphysicianHippocrateswrotethat"personswhoarenaturallyveryfatareapttodieearlierthanthosewhoareslender".Thisobservationremainsverytruetoday.Obesityhasamajorimpactonaperson'sphysical,socialandemotionalwell-being.Itincreasestheriskofdevelopingdiabetesmellitustype2("matureonsetdiabetes")andalsomakesType2diabetesmoredifficulttocontrol.Thusweightlossimprovesthelevelsofbloodglucoseandbloodfats,andreducesbloodpressure.Theassociationbetweenobesityandcoronaryheartdiseaseisalsowell-known.CancerE)Furthermore,in2001medicalresearchersestablishedalinkbetweenbeingoverweightandcertainformsofcancer,andestimatedthatnearly10,000Britonsperyeardevelopcancerasaresultofbeingoverweight.Thisfigurewasmadeupof5,893womenand3,220men,withthestrongestassociationsbeingwithbreastandcoloncancers.However,itisthoughtthatbeingoverweightmayalsoincreasetheriskofcancerinthereproductiveorgansforwomenandintheprostateglandformen.F)Thelinkbetweenbreastcancerandnutritionalstatusisthoughttobeduetothe

steroidhormonesoestrogenandprogesterone,whichareproducedbytheovaries,andgovernawoman'smenstrualcycle.Researchershavefoundthatthemoreawomaneats,orthemoresedentaryherlifestyle,thehigheraretheconcentrationsofprogesterone.Thislinkcouldexplainwhywomenfromlessaffluentcountrieshavelowerratesofbreastcancer.Womenfromlessaffluentnationstendtoeatlessfoodandtoleadlifestyleswhichinvolvemoredailymovement.Thislowerstheirprogesteronelevel,resultinginlower

predispositiontobreastcancer.G)TheTimesnewspaper,in2002reportedthatobesitywasthemainavoidablecauseofcanceramongnon-smokersintheWesternworld!AgingH)ResearchpublishedbyStThomas'Hospital,London,UKin2005showedacorrelationbetweenbodyfatandaging,totheextentthatbeingobeseadded8.8yearstoawoman'sbiologicalage.Theeffectwasexacerbatedbysmoking,andanon-overweightwomanwhosmokes20cigarettesadayfor20yearsadded7.4yearstotheirbiologicalage.Thecombinationofbeingobeseandasmokeraddedatleasttenyearstoawoman’sbiologicalage,andalthoughthestudyonlyinvolvedwomen,theleadresearcherProfessorTimSpectorbelievesthefindingwouldalsoapplytomen.I)Theagingeffectwasdeterminedbymeasuringthelengthoftelomeres,tiny"caps"ontheendsofchromosomes,whichhelpprotecttheDNAfromtheageingprocess.Indeed,telomereshavebeendubbedthe"chromosomalclock"because,asanorganismages,theybecomeprogressivelyshorter,andcanbeusedtodeterminetheageoftheorganism.Beyondacertainpoint,thetelomerebecomessoshortthatitisnolongerabletopreventtheDNAofthechromosomefromfallingapart.Itisbelievedthatexcessbodyfat,andthechemicalspresentintobaccosmokereleasefreeradicalswhichtriggerinflammation.Inflammationcausestheproductionofwhitebloodcellswhichincreasestherateoferosionoftelomeres.DementiaJ)Recentresearch(2005)conductedintheUSAshowsthatobesityinmiddleageislinkedtoanincreasedriskof

dementia,withobesepeopleintheir40sbeing74%morelikelytodevelopdementiacomparedtothoseofnormalweight.Forthosewhoaremerelyoverweight,thelifetimeriskofdementiariskwas35%higher.K)ScientistsfromtheAgingResearchCentreattheKarolinskaInstituteinSwedenhavebeenabletotakeinformationsuchasage,numberofyearsineducation,gender,bodymassindex,bloodpressurelevel,physicalactivityandgeneticfactors,assigningeachariskscore.Theythenusedthisinformationtodeviseapredictivetestfordementia.Thistestwillenablepeopleatrisk,forthefirsttime,tobeabletoaffectlifestylechangeswhichwillreducetheirriskofcontractingdementia.OtherProblemsL)Theworld-wideupsurgeinobesity,particularlyinchildren,isofmajoreconomicconcern,liabletodraineconomies.OffurtherconcernisthatresearchconductedinAustraliaandpublishedin2006,showsthatuptoonethirdofbreechpregnancieswereundetectedbythetraditional"palpation"examination,thedangerbeing

greatestforthosewomenwhoareoverweightorobese—agrowingproportionofmothers.Thismeansthatsuchwomenarenotgettingthetreatmentrequiredtoturnthebabyaroundintimeforthebirth,andinmanycasesrequireanemergencyCaesareansection.M)Thisisatruehealth-carecrisis,farbiggerthanSevereAcuteRespiratorySyndrome(SARS)andultimately,evenbiggerthanAIDS.36.Youcanjudgewhetheroneissimplyoverweightorhaspassedintotheobesestageaccordingtotheheight-weighttable.37.Usingthe"BodyMassIndex"todefineaperson'sweightidealislimited,

becauseitdoesnottakesintoaccountmanyvariablessuchasage,genderandethnicorigin.38.Aperson'semotionalwell-beingwouldbeaffectedbyobesity.39.Obesityhassomethingtodowithcancerintheprostateglandforman.40.Womenfromlessaffluentnationstendtohavemuchlessbreastcancer.41.Anon-overweightwomanwhosmokes20cigarettesadayfor20yearsadded7.4yearstoherbiologicalage.42.Theexcessbodyfat,likethechemicalspresentintobaccosmoke,canleadtoinflammation.43.Obesepeopleinmiddleagerunanincreasedriskofdementia.44.Thepredictivetestfordementiawillhelppeopletoaffectlifestylechangesthatwillreducetheirriskofcontractingdementia.45.Theworld-wideupsurgeinobesity,particularlyinchildren,willpossiblydraineconomies.SectionCDirections：Thereare2passagesinthissection。Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements。ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA）.B）.C）andD）。YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre。

Passageone

Questions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage。Someradiosingalswereheardin1967.Theywerecomingfromapointintheskywheretherewasunknownstar.Theywerecomingveryregularly,too:aboutonceasecond,iftheywerecontrolledbyclock.Thescientistswhoheardthesignalsdidnottellanybodyelse.Theywereratherafraidtotellincasetheyfrightenedpeople.Thesignalswerecomingfromaverysmallbody—nobigger,perhapsthantheearth.Wasthatwhynolightcouldbeseenfromit?Orwerethesignalscomingfromaplanetthatbelongedtosomeotherstar?Therewasnoendtothequestions,butthescientistskeptthenewssecret.“Perhapsthereareintelligentbeingsoutthere.”theythought,“whoaretryingtosendmessagestootherplanets,ortous?Sothenewswasnotgiventothenewspaper.Instead,thescientistsstudiedthesignalsandsearchedforotherslikethem...Well,allthathappenedin1967and1968.Sincethenscientistshavelearntmoreaboutthosestrange,regular,radiosignals.Andtheyhavetoldthestory,ofcourse.Thesignalsdonotcomefromaplanet;theycomefromanewkindofstarcalleda“pulsar””.Aboutahundredotherpulsarshavenowbeenfound,andmostofthemareverylikethefirstone.Pulsarsarestrongradiostars.Theyarethesmallestbuttheheavieststarsweknowatpresent.Ahandfulofpulsarwouldweighafewthousandtons.Theirlight—iftheygivemuchlight—istoosmallforustosee.Butwecanbesureofthis,nointelligentbeingsarelivingonthem.46.Theradiosignalsdiscussedinthispassage____.A.wereregularB.werecontrolledbyaclockC.wereheardin1967onlyD.weresecretmessages47.Theradiosingalsweresentby____.A.asatelliteB.aplanetC.askybodywhichwasunknownatthattimeD.intelligentbeingswhowereunknownatthattime48.Thescientistsdidnottellpeopleaboutthesignalsbecause____.A.thesingalsstoodforsecretmessagesB.peoplewouldaskthemtoomanyquestionsC.theydidnotwanttofrightenpeopleD.theystoodforunimportantmessages49.Apulsaris____.A.asmallheavystarwhichsendsoutstrongradiosignalsandcannotbeseenB.asmallheavyplanetwhichsendsoutstrongradiosignalsandcannotbeseenC.asmallheavysatellitewhichsendsoutstrongradiosignalsandcannotbeseenD.asmallintelligentbeingwhosendsoutstrongradiosignalsandcannotbeseen50.Whichofthefollowingistrue?

A.Oneofthepulsarsfoundbyscientistssendsradiosignals.B.Pulsarbegantosendradiosingalsin1967.C.Scientistshavesearchedforpulsarsformanyyearsbutfoundnone.D.Scientistshavefoundmanypulsarssince1967.PassageTwoQuestions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage。Theconceptofpersonalchoiceinrelationtohealthbehaviorsisanimportantone.Anestimated90percentofallillnessesmaybepreventableifindividualswouldmakesoundpersonalhealthchoicesbaseduponcurrentmedicalknowledge.Weallenjoyourfreedomofchoiceanddonotliketoseeitrestrictedwhenitiswithinthelegalandmoralboundariesofsociety.[ZZ)]ThestructureofAmericansocietyallowsustomakealmostallourownpersonaldecisionsthatmayconcernourhealth.Ifwesodesire,wecansmoke,drinkexcessively,refusetowearseatbelts,eatwhateverfoodswewant,andliveacompletelysedentarylife-stylewithoutanyexcuse.Thefreedomtomakesuchpersonaldecisionsisafundamentalaspectofoursociety,althoughthewisdomofthesedecisionscanbequestioned.Personalchoicesrelativetohealthoftencauseadifficulty.Asoneexample,ateenagermayknowthefactsrelativetosmokingcigarettesandhealthbutmaybepressuredby