歷年英語一閱讀真題考研

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歷年英語一閱讀真題考研1

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It‘snosurprisethatJenniferSenior’sinsightful，provocativemagazinecoverstory，“IloveMyChildren，IHateMyLife，”isarousingmuchchatter–nothinggetspeopletalkinglikethesuggestionthatchildrearingisanythinglessthanacompletelyfulfilling，life-enrichingexperience.Ratherthanconcludingthatchildrenmakeparentseitherhappyormiserable，Seniorsuggestsweneedtoredefinehappiness：insteadofthinkingofitassomethingthatcanbemeasuredbymoment-to-momentjoy，weshouldconsiderbeinghappyasapast-tensecondition.Eventhoughtheday-to-dayexperienceofraisingkidscanbesoul-crushinglyhard，Seniorwritesthat“theverythingsthatinthemomentdampenourmoodscanlaterbesourcesofintensegratificationanddelight.”

ThemagazinecovershowinganattractivemotherholdingacutebabyishardlytheonlyMadonna-and-childimageonnewsstandsthisweek.Therearealsostoriesaboutnewlyadoptive–andnewlysingle–momSandraBullock，aswellastheusual“JenniferAnistonispregnant”news.Practicallyeveryweekfeaturesatleastonecelebritymom，ormom-to-be，smilingonthenewsstands.

Inasocietythatsopersistentlycelebratesprocreation，isitanywonderthatadmittingyouregrethavingchildrenisequivalenttoadmittingyousupportkitten-killing?Itdoesn‘tseemquitefair，then，tocomparetheregretsofparentstotheregretsofthechildren.Unhappyparentsrarelyareprovokedtowonderiftheyshouldn’thavehadkids，butunhappychildlessfolksarebotheredwiththemessagethatchildrenarethesinglemostimportantthingintheworld：obviouslytheirmiserymustbeadirectresultofthegapingbaby-sizeholesintheirlives.

Ofcourse，theimageofparenthoodthatcelebritymagazineslikeUsWeeklyandPeoplepresentishugelyunrealistic，especiallywhentheparentsaresinglemotherslikeBullock.Accordingtoseveralstudiesconcludingthatparentsarelesshappythanchildlesscouples，singleparentsaretheleasthappyofall.Noshockthere，consideringhowmuchworkitistoraiseakidwithoutapartnertoleanon;yettohearSandraandBritneytellit，raisingakidontheir“own”(read：withround-the-clockhelp)isapieceofcake.

It‘shardtoimaginethatmanypeoplearedumbenoughtowantchildrenjustbecauseReeseandAngelinamakeitlooksoglamorous：mostadultsunderstandthatababyisnotahaircut.Butit’sinterestingtowonderiftheimagesweseeeveryweekofstress-free，happiness-enhancingparenthoodaren‘tinsomesmall，subconsciouswaycontributingtoourowndissatisfactionswiththeactualexperience，inthesamewaythatasmallpartofushopedgetting“theRachel”mightmakeuslookjustalittlebitlikeJenniferAniston.

36.JenniferSeniorsuggestsinherarticlethatraisingachildcanbring

[A]temporarydelight

[B]enjoymentinprogress

[C]happinessinretrospect

[D]lastingreward

37.WelearnfromParagraph2that

[A]celebritymomsareapermanentsourceforgossip.

[B]singlemotherswithbabiesdeservegreaterattention.

[C]newsaboutpregnantcelebritiesisentertaining.

[D]havingchildrenishighlyvaluedbythepublic.

38.ItissuggestedinParagraph3thatchildlessfolks

[A]areconstantlyexposedtocriticism.

[B]arelargelyignoredbythemedia.

[C]failtofulfilltheirsocialresponsibilities.

[D]arelesslikelytobesatisfiedwiththeirlife.

39.AccordingtoParagraph4，themessageconveyedbycelebritymagazinesis

[A]soothing.

[B]ambiguous.

[C]compensatory.

[D]misleading.

40.Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?

[A]Havingchildrencontributeslittletotheglamourofcelebritymoms.

[B]Celebritymomshaveinfluencedourattitudetowardschildrearing.

[C]Havingchildrenintensifiesourdissatisfactionwithlife.

[D]Wesometimesneglectthehappinessfromchildrearing.

歷年英語一閱讀真題考研2

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Twoyearsago.RupertMurdochsdaughter,spokeattheunsettlingdearthofintegrityacrosssomanyofourcollapsed,sheargued,becauseofacollectiveacceptancethatthemechanisminsocietyshouldbeprofitandthemarketwethepeoplewhocreatethesocietywewant,notprofit.

Drivingherpointhome,shecontinuedItsincreasinglyabsenceofpurpose，ofamorallanguagewithingovernment,couldbecomeoneofthemostdangerousgoalsforcapitalismandfreedom.Thissameabsenceofmoralpurposewaswoundingcompanies,suchasInternational,shethought,makingitmorelikelythatitwouldforehadwithwidespreadillegaltelephonehacking.

Asthehackingtrialconcludes-findingguiltyoneex-editoroftheNewsoftheWorld,AndyCoulson,forconspiringtohackphones,andfindingthepredecessor,RebekahBrooks,innocentofthesamecharge-thewidedearthofintegritystillstands.Journalistsareknowntohavehackedthephonesofupto5,500people.Thisishackingonanindustrialscale,aswasacknowledgedbyGlennMulcaire,themanhiredbytheNewsoftheWorldin2001tobethepointpersonforphonehacking.Othersawaittrial.Thislongstorystillunfolds.

Inmanyrespects,thedearthofmoralpurposeframesnotonlythefactofsuchwidespreadphonehackingbutthetermsonwhichthetrialtookplace.OneoftheastonishingrevelationswashowlittleRebekahBrooksknewofwhatwentoninhernewsroom,howlittleshethoughttoaskandthefactthatsheneverinquiredhowthestoriesarrived.Thecoreofhersuccessfuldefencewasthatsheknewnothing.

Intodaysworld,ithasbecomenormalthatwell-paidexecutivesshouldnotbeaccountableforwhathappensintheorganizationsthattheyrun.Perhapsweshouldnotbesosurprised.Forageneration,thecollectivedoctrinehasbeenthatthesortingmechanismofsocietyshouldbeprofit.Thewordsthathavematteredareefficiency,flexibility,shareholdervalue,business-friendly,wealthgeneration,sales,impactand,innewspapers,circulation.Wordsdegradedtothemarginhavebeenjustice,fairness,tolerance,proportionalityandaccountability.

ThepurposeofeditingtheNewsoftheWorldwasnottopromotereaderunderstanding,tobefairinwhatwaswrittenortobetrayanycommonhumanity.Itwastoruinlivesinthequestforcirculationandimpact.MsBrooksmayormaynothavehadsuspicionsabouthowherjournalistsgottheirstories,butsheaskednoquestions,gavenoinstructions-norreceivedtraceable,recordedanswers.

36.Accordigntothefirsttwoparagraphs,Elisabethwasupsetby

(A)theconsequencesofthecurrentsortingmechanism.

(B)companiesfinanciallossduetoimmoralpractices

(C)governmentalineffectivenessonmoralissues.

(D)thewidemisuseofintegrityamonginstitutions.

37.ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph3that

(A)GlennMulcairemaydenyphonehackingasacrime.

(B)morejournalistsmaybefoundguiltyofphonehacking.

(C)AndyCoulsonshouldbeheldinnocentofthecharge.

(D)phonehackingwillbeacceptedoncertainoccasions.

38.TheauthorbelievesthatRebekahBrookssdefence

(A)revealedacunningpersonality.

(B)centeredontrivialissues.

(C)washardlyconvincing.

(D)waspartofaconspiracy.

39.Theauthorholdsthatthecurrentcollectivedoctrineshows

(A)generallydistortedvalues.

(B)unfairwealthdistribution.

(C)amarginalizedlifestyle.

(D)arigidmoralcode.

40Whichofthefollowingissuggestedinthelastparagraph?

(A)Thequalityofwritingsisofprimaryimportance.

(B)Commonhumanityiscentraltonewsreporting.

(C)Moralawarenessmattersineditinganewspaper.

(D)Journalistsneedstricterindustrialregulations.

歷年英語一閱讀真題考研3

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TheU.S.PostalService(USPS)continuestobleedredink.Itreportedanetlossof$5.6billionforfiscal20XX,the10thstraightyearitsexpenseshaveexceededrevenue.Meanwhile,ithasmorethan$120billioninunfundedliabilities,mostlyforemployeehealthandretirementcosts.Therearemanybankruptcies.Fundamentally,theUSPSisinahistoricsqueezebetweentechnologicalchangethathaspermanentlydecreaseddemandforitsbread-and-butterproduct,first-classmail,andaregulatorystructurethatdeniesmanagementtheflexibilitytoadjustitsoperationstothenewreality

Andinterestgroupsrangingfrompostalunionstogreeting-cardmakersexertself-interestedpressureontheUSPS’sultimateoverseer-Congress-insistingthatwhateverelsehappenstothePostalService,aspectsofthestatusquotheydependongetprotected.Thisiswhyrepeatedattemptsatreformlegislationhavefailedinrecentyears,leavingthePostalServiceunabletopayitsbillsexceptbydeferringvitalmodernization.

NowcomeswordthateveryoneinvolvedDemocrats,Republicans,thePostalService,theunionsandthesystemsheaviestusers—hasfinallyagreedonaplantofixthesystem.LegislationismovingthroughtheHousethatwouldsaveUSPSanestimated$28.6billionoverfiveyears,whichcouldhelppayfornewvehicles,amongothersurvivalmeasures.Mostofthemoneywouldcomefromapenny-per-letterpermanentrateincreaseandfromshiftingpostalretireesintoMedicare.Thelatterstepwouldlargelyoffsetthefinancialburdenofannuallypre-fundingretireehealthcare,thusaddressingalong-standingcomplaintbytheUSPSanditsunion.

IfitclearstheHouse,thismeasurewouldstillhavetogetthroughtheSenate–wheresomeoneisboundtopointoutthatitamountstothebare,bareminimumnecessarytokeepthePostalServiceafloat,notcomprehensivereform.There’snochangetocollectivebargainingattheUSPS,amajoromissionconsideringthatpersonnelaccountsfor80percentoftheagency’scosts.AlsomissingisanydiscussionofeliminatingSaturdayletterdelivery.Thatcommon-sensechangeenjoyswidepublicsupportandwouldsavetheUSPS$2billionperyear.Butpostalspecial-interestgroupsseemtohavekilledit,atleastintheHouse.Theemergingconsensusaroundthebillisasignthatlegislatorsaregettingfrightenedaboutapoliticallyembarrassingshort-termcollapseattheUSPS.Itisnot,however,asignthatthey’regettingseriousabouttransformingthepostalsystemforthe21stcentury.

36.ThefinancialproblemwiththeUSPSiscausedpartlyby

[A].itsunbalancedbudget.

[B].itsrigidmanagement.

[C].thecostfortechnicalupgrading.

[D].thewithdrawalofbanksupport.

37.AccordingtoParagraph2,theUSPSfailstomodernizeitselfdueto

[A].theinterferencefrominterestgroups.

[B].theinadequatefundingfromCongress.

[C].theshrinkingdemandforpostalservice.

[D].theincompetenceofpostalunions.

38.Thelong-standingcomplaintbytheUSPSanditsunionscanbeaddressedby

[A].removingitsburdenofretireehealthcare.

[B].makingmoreinvestmentinnewvehicles.

[C].adoptinganewrate-increasemechanism.

[D].attractingmorefirst-classmailusers.

39.Inthelastparagraph,theauthorseemstoviewlegislatorswith

[A]respect.

[B]tolerance.

[C]discontent.

[D]gratitude.

40.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?

[A].TheUSPSStartstoMissItsGoodOldDays

[B].ThePostalService:KeepAwayfromMyCheese

[C].TheUSPS:ChronicIllnessRequiresaQuickCure

[D].ThePostalServiceNeedsMorethanaBand-Aid

歷年英語一閱讀真題考研4

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“TheHeartoftheMatter,”thejust-releasedreportbytheAmericanAcademyofArtsandSciences,deservespraiseforaffirmingtheimportanceofthehumanitiesandsocialsciencestotheprosperityandsecurityofliberaldemocracyinAmerica.Regrettably,however,thereportsfailuretoaddressthetruenatureofthecrisisfacingliberaleducationmaycausemoreharmthangood.

In2010,leadingcongressionalDemocratsandRepublicanssentletterstotheAmericanAcademyofArtsandSciencesaskingthatitidentifyactionsthatcouldbetakenbyfederal,stateandlocalgovernments,universities,foundations,educators,individualbenefactorsandotherstomaintainnationalexcellenceinhumanitiesandsocialscientificscholarshipandeducation.

Inresponse,theAmericanAcademyformedtheCommissionontheHumanitiesandSocialSciences,withDukeUniversityPresidentRichardBrodheadandretiredExelonCEOJohnRoweasco-chairmen.Amongthecommissions51membersaretop-tier-universitypresidents,scholars,lawyers,judges,andbusinessexecutives,aswellasprominentfiguresfromdiplomacy,filmmaking,musicandjournalism.

Thegoalsidentifiedinthereportaregenerallyadmirable.Becauserepresentativegovernmentpresupposesaninformedcitizenry,thereportsupportsfullliteracy;stressesthestudyofhistoryandgovernment,particularlyAmericanhistoryandAmericangovernment;andencouragestheuseofnewdigitaltechnologies.

Toencourageinnovationandcompetition,thereportcallsforincreasedinvestmentinresearch,thecraftingofcoherentcurriculathatimprovestudentsabilitytosolveproblemsandcommunicateeffectivelyinthe21stcentury,increasedfundingforteachersandtheencouragementofscholarstobringtheirlearningtobearonthegreatchallengesoftheday.Thereportalsoadvocatesgreaterstudyofforeignlanguages,internationalaffairsandtheexpansionofstudyabroadprograms.

OneofthemorenovelideasinthereportisthecreationofaCultureCorpsincitiesandtownacrossAmericatotransmithumanisticandsocialscientificexpertisefromonegenerationtothenext.

Unfortunately,despite2?yearsinthemaking,TheHeartoftheMatternevergetstotheheartofthematter:theilliberalnatureofliberaleducationatourleadingcollegesanduniversities.

ThecommissionignoresthatforseveraldecadesAmericascollegesanduniversitieshaveproducedgraduateswhodontknowthecontentandcharacterofliberaleducationandarethusdeprivedofitsbenefits.Sadly,thespiritofinquiryonceathomeoncampushasbeenreplacedbytheuseofthehumanitiesandsocialsciencesasvehiclesfordisseminatingprogressive,orleft-liberalpropaganda.

Today,professorsroutinelytreattheprogressiveinterpretationofhistoryandprogressivepublicpolicyasthepropersubjectofstudywhileportrayingconservativeorclassicalliberalideas—suchasfreemarkets,self-relianceandadistrustofcentralplanning—asfallingoutsidetheboundariesofroutine,andsometimeslegitimate,intellectualinvestigation.

TheAAASdisplaysgreatenthusiasmforliberaleducation.Yetitsreportmaywellsetbackreformbyobscuringthedepthandbreadthofthechallengethatcongressaskedittoilluminate.

36.AccordingtoParagraph1,whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardtheAAAS’sreport?

[A]Critical

[B]Appreciative

[C]Contemptuous

[D]Tolerant

本篇文章選自華爾街日報。主要講的是非自由教育以及”問題核心”這個報告。

答案解析：

36.選A，該題是細節(jié)態(tài)度題。并非考察全文的態(tài)度，也就是說要細節(jié)定位。根據(jù)題干定位原則，定位第一段AAAS出現(xiàn)之處，并且一定要找到表示評價的部分。該題迷惑性很強，因為文章在AAAS后面就又”praise”所以容易誤導(dǎo)大家選擇答案B“appreciative(欣賞的)”，但是我們應(yīng)該看到有however，我們知道如果第一段出現(xiàn)轉(zhuǎn)折，那此轉(zhuǎn)折一定跟主旨有關(guān)。同時各個題都與主旨相關(guān)，所以這道題應(yīng)該于主旨相關(guān)，后文中的“maycausemoreharmthangood.”讓我們知道它的還多余利，所以答案選擇A，批判性的。

37.InfluentialfiguresintheCongressrequiredthattheAAASreportonhowto

[A]retainpeople’sinterestinliberaleducation

[B]definethegovernment’sroleineducation

[C]keepaleadingpositioninliberaleducation

[D]safeguardindividualsrightstoeducation

37，選C，細節(jié)題。根據(jù)自然段定位原則，36題在第一段出題，38題在第三段出題，那37題在第二段出題的可能性就很大。同時題干定位”InfluentialfiguresintheCongress”與“l(fā)eadingcongressionalDemocratsandRepublicans”同義替換。定位的答案是askingthatitidentifyactionsthatcouldbetakenbyfederal,stateand…..,individualbenefactorsandotherstoaskingthatitidentifyactionsthatcouldbetakenbyfederal,stateandlocalgovernments,universities,foundations,educators,individualbenefactorsandotherstomaintainnationalexcellenceinhumanitiesandsocialscientificscholarshipandeducation.“Inhumanitiesandsocialscientificscholarshipandeducation.“也就是說答案重點在maintainnationalexcellence剛好與選項C中的leadingposition進行同義替換。ABD與文章不符合。

38.AccordingtoParagra