初中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法專項(xiàng)習(xí)題51.代詞

初中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法專項(xiàng)習(xí)題5[1].代詞初中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法專項(xiàng)習(xí)題5[1].代詞初中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法專項(xiàng)習(xí)題5[1].代詞資料僅供參考文件編號(hào)：2022年4月初中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法專項(xiàng)習(xí)題5[1].代詞版本號(hào)：A修改號(hào)：1頁(yè)次：1.0審核：批準(zhǔn):發(fā)布日期：初中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法專項(xiàng)習(xí)題-代詞代詞（pron.）代替名詞,兼有名詞和形容詞的作用（一）代詞的類別相互代詞eachother,oneanother指示代詞this,that,these,those不定代詞（不指明特定的人或事物的代詞）each,every,both,all,either,neither,none,no,one,（a）few,（a）little,some,any,many,much,other,another復(fù)合不定代詞everybody,somebody,anybody,nobody,everyone,someone,anyone,noone,every-thing,something,anything,nothing疑問(wèn)代詞what,who,whom,which,whose直接代詞疑問(wèn)代詞都可作連接代詞，引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句。表語(yǔ)從句等。關(guān)系代詞who,whom,whose,that,which用引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。（二）代詞的用法1.人稱代詞、物主代詞、反身代詞、相互代詞和指示代詞的用法（1）人稱代詞有主格和賓格之分，主格用來(lái)作主語(yǔ)，賓格用來(lái)作動(dòng)詞或介詞的賓語(yǔ)等。eg.Shegavemearedapple.她給了我一個(gè)紅蘋(píng)果：（She作主語(yǔ),me作動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)）Kathisnearhim.凱西靠近他。（介詞near的賓語(yǔ)）2.物主代詞有形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞之分。①形容詞性物主代詞位于名詞前：theirschool,hisbackpack②名詞性物主代詞相當(dāng)干一個(gè)名詞,在句中可作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)等，后面不能再接名詞。egItisn’tmypen.→Mine（=mypen）ismissing.（作主語(yǔ)）Ileftmypenathome.Youcanusehers（=herpen）,（作賓語(yǔ)）③“of+名詞性物主代詞”屬雙重所有格的一種形式。eg.acatofhers她的一條狗,afriendofyours你的一個(gè)朋友（3）反身代詞①反身代詞在句中可作同位語(yǔ)，起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用，也可作動(dòng)詞或介詞的賓語(yǔ)。eg.Afewdayslater,ImyselfhadtogotoParis.（作同位語(yǔ)）Sheboughtherselfanewbag.（作動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)）He’snotworriedabouthimself.（作介詞賓語(yǔ)）②帶有反身代詞的常用短語(yǔ)。teachoneself自學(xué)helponeselfto隨便吃些…吧saytooneself自言自語(yǔ)。learn……byoneself自學(xué)…enjoyoneself過(guò)得愉快leaveonebyoneself把某人單獨(dú)留下hurtoneself傷了自己dressoneself自己穿衣服cometooneself蘇醒過(guò)來(lái)（4）相互代詞①表示相互關(guān)系，可用作動(dòng)詞或介詞的賓語(yǔ)，用法區(qū)別不大。eg.Foryears,thetwosisterslookedafteroneanother（eachother）。多年來(lái)姐妹倆互相照顧。Weshouldlearnfromeachother.我們應(yīng)當(dāng)互相學(xué)習(xí)。②可以用格表示所有關(guān)系：eachother’s,oneanother’s互相的，彼此的eg.Theyarelookingateachother’spictures.他們相互看對(duì)方的照片。（5）指示代詞①指示代詞有單復(fù)數(shù)之分，既可指物，也可用于介紹人。eg.Thisisanappletree,andthatisanorangetree.這是一棵蘋(píng)果樹(shù)，那是一棵桔子樹(shù)。Thesearemyfriends,andthatismysister.這些是我朋友，那個(gè)是我姐姐。②指示代詞可用來(lái)指上文中提到的事情：eg.Stevehadabadcold.This／Thatwaswhyhedidn’tcometoschoolyesterday.2.不定代詞的用法（1）each,every,both,all,either,neither,no,none的用法①each“每個(gè)／各個(gè)”（強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)體），用于兩者或兩者以上。eg.Twogirlscameandlgaveanappletoeach.來(lái)了倆姑娘，我給她們每人一個(gè)蘋(píng)果。Eachofthemhasanicering.她們每人有一枚漂亮的戒指。②every“每個(gè)／各個(gè)”（強(qiáng)調(diào)全體），用于兩者以上。every常作形容詞用。eg.Everydayisimportanttous.每天對(duì)我們都很重要。Hehasreadeverybook（allthebooks）Onthesubject.他閱讀了所有有關(guān)這個(gè)主題的書(shū)。③both表示兩者“都”（強(qiáng)調(diào)全體）。eg.Herparentsarebothdoctors.她父母都是醫(yī)生。Bothofthemaredoctors.他倆都是醫(yī)生。Theybothlikepotatoes.他倆喜歡吃土豆。④all“全體／大家／一切”用于三者以上，也可接不可數(shù)名詞。eg.That’sallfortoday.今天到此為止。AllofusarefromChina.我們都來(lái)自中國(guó)。Allthefoodisdelicious.所有的食物都很好吃。⑤either“兩者之一”，用于兩者（強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)體）。eg.Thetwocoatsarecheap,soyoucanchooseeitherofthem.那兩件外套不貴，你可以隨便挑一件。⑥neither“兩個(gè)都不”，用于否定兩者。eg.NeitherOfthebooksis／aresointeresting.那兩本書(shū)沒(méi)一本好看的。⑦no（=notany／nota）“沒(méi)有”可接可數(shù)名詞單復(fù)數(shù)，也可接不可數(shù)名詞。eg.IhavenobrothersOrsisters.我沒(méi)有兄弟姐妹。Aclockhasnomouth,butitcantalk.鐘表沒(méi)有嘴，但能說(shuō)話。Thereisnofirewithoutsomesmoke.有火就有煙。⑧none“沒(méi)有一個(gè)人／物”用于否定三者或三者以上的可數(shù)名詞eg.NoneOfthemhas／havebeentoJapan.他們都沒(méi)去過(guò)日本。Ilikenoneofthebooks.這些書(shū)我全都不喜歡。⑨neither和none表示完全否定；all,both,each和every（含every的復(fù)合詞）等與not連用時(shí)表示部分否定。eg.Idon’tknowallofyou.我不完全認(rèn)識(shí)你們。NoteveryoneOfusknowhowtogothere.不是我們每個(gè)人都知道怎樣去那兒。（2）one,ones和noone的用法one用來(lái)代替前面剛提到的一個(gè)東西或一個(gè)人,以免重復(fù)；復(fù)數(shù)ones用來(lái)代替前面提到的一些物或一些人；noone表示否定。eg.——Wouldyoupleasepassmethesciencebook給我遞過(guò)那本科學(xué)方面的書(shū)好嗎

一Whichone？哪一本一Theoneonmyshelf.我書(shū)架上的那本。Noonehastraveledfartherthantothemoon.沒(méi)有人旅行遠(yuǎn)過(guò)月球。（3）（a）few,（a）little；many,much；some,any的用法①many（+復(fù)數(shù)名詞）,much（+不可數(shù)名詞）表示“許多/很多”。eg.ManyOfthestudentscomefromEngland.那些學(xué)生許多是從英國(guó)來(lái)的。Thanks,it’stoomuchforme.謝謝,我承受不起。②few（+復(fù)數(shù)名詞）,little（+不可數(shù)名詞）表示“沒(méi)多／很少”（表否定）。eg,Therewerefewpeopleinthestreetlastnight.昨晚街上沒(méi)什么人。Iamveryworriedthatlhavelittletimetofinishthejob.我擔(dān)心，我?guī)缀鯖](méi)有時(shí)間完成這份工作了。③afew（+復(fù)數(shù)名詞）,alittle（+不可數(shù)名詞）表示“有一些／有幾個(gè)”（表肯定）。eg.Icallseeafewcakesandalittlebreadinthefridge.我看到冰箱里有幾塊蛋糕和一些面包。注意：quiteafew表示“相當(dāng)多”eg.Therearequiteafewstudentsoverthere.那兒有相當(dāng)多的學(xué)生。④some（+復(fù)數(shù)名詞／不可數(shù)名詞）,any（+復(fù)數(shù)名詞／不可數(shù)名詞）表示“有一些／有幾個(gè)”（表肯定）。eg.Therearesomebirdsinthetree.樹(shù)上有些鳥(niǎo)。Thereissomewaterinthebottle.瓶里有些水。Idon’thaveanybrothersOfsisters.我沒(méi)有Isthereanyteainthecup杯子里有茶嗎

⑤some一般用于肯定句，但在表示請(qǐng)求、建議。反問(wèn)等的疑問(wèn)句中，多用some.eg：Wouldyoulikesomebeer你要不要來(lái)點(diǎn)啤酒嗎

Whydidn’tyoubuysomesweets（Youshouldhavebought……）你怎么沒(méi)買(mǎi)點(diǎn)糖果

⑥any一般用于疑問(wèn)句和否定句及條件從句eg.Thereisn’tanywaterleft.沒(méi)有剩下一點(diǎn)水。Ifyouhaveanyquestions,putupyourhands.please.如果有問(wèn)題，請(qǐng)舉手。⑦some+單數(shù)名詞表示“某一個(gè)”,any+單數(shù)名詞表示“隨便哪一個(gè)”或“任何一個(gè)”。eg.I’llcatchupwithyousomeday有一天我會(huì)趕上你的。Comeanydayyoulike.你哪天來(lái)都行。Tomistallerthananyotherstudentinhisclass.湯姆比他班上其他任何一個(gè)學(xué)生都高。④one,other,others,theothers,another等的用法1.○●one……theother表示兩個(gè)人或兩件東西中的“一個(gè)…另一個(gè)”eg.MrSmithhastwodaughters.0neisateacher,theotherisanurse.2....one……another表示不定數(shù)目中的“一個(gè)”與“另—個(gè)”。eg.Idon’twantthisOne,pleasegivemeanother.3..one……theothers強(qiáng)調(diào)在一定范圍中的“一個(gè)”與“其余的”。eg.InOurschoolOneOftheteachersisAmerican,theOthersareChinese.4.○○○●●●●some……theothers表示許多人或物,不在一定范圍中的“一部分”與“其余的全部”。eg.Somestudentsarereading,theothersaredrawingpictures.⑤others=other+名詞；theothers＝theOther+名詞。eg.Somestudentsliketraveling,others（otherstudents）likewatchingTVathome.⑥another表示“再／又”時(shí)既可接單數(shù)名詞，也可接數(shù)詞+復(fù)數(shù)名詞。eg.Hewillbeabletofinishhisworkinanothertwohours.再過(guò)兩個(gè)小時(shí)他就能完成他的工作。（4）復(fù)合不定代詞的用法①?gòu)?fù)合不定代詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。eg.Someoneisknockingatthedoor.有人在敲門(mén)②修飾復(fù)合不定代詞的形容詞或其它詞要放在其后，即定語(yǔ)后置。eg.ThereissomethingimportantOntoday’snewspaper.今天的報(bào)紙有些重要新聞。③復(fù)合不定代詞變否定句時(shí)，要否定主語(yǔ)：eg.Somethingiswrong.（變?yōu)榉穸ň洌㏒omethingisn’twrong.（錯(cuò)誤）Nothingiswrong.（正確）④Somebody,someone,something一般用于肯定句；anybody,anyone,anything一般用于否定句、疑問(wèn)句及條件句。eg.Thereissomethingnewinthepark.公園里有些新的景點(diǎn)。Doyouhaveanythinginterestingtotellus你有什么有趣的事要告訴我們嗎

⑤當(dāng)somebody,someone等用于疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，表示肯定、請(qǐng)求、建議或反問(wèn)；anybody,anyone等用在肯定句中表示“任何人”。eg.Issomeonecomingthisafternoon今天下午有客人來(lái)嗎

Anyonecanmakemistakes.任何人都可能犯錯(cuò)誤。3.疑問(wèn)代詞的用法。（1）who／whom誰(shuí)（指人）。①作主語(yǔ)eg.Whowantstogowithhim？②作賓語(yǔ)eg.Who／Whomareyouwaitingfor（作介詞for的賓語(yǔ)）eg.Who／Whomdoyouwanttomeet（作動(dòng)詞meet的賓語(yǔ)）③作表語(yǔ)eg.Who／Whomarethey？（2）whose誰(shuí)的①作定語(yǔ)eg.Whosepenisthis？②作表語(yǔ)eg.Whoseisthispen？（3）which哪一個(gè),哪一些①作定語(yǔ)eg.WhichgirlisKathy？②作表語(yǔ)eg.Whichistheboy’sball？（4）what什么①作主主語(yǔ)eg.What’sonthetable？②作賓語(yǔ)eg.Whatareyoudoing？③作表語(yǔ)eg.Whatishe？④作定語(yǔ)eg.Whatclassareyouin？4.關(guān)系代詞的用法關(guān)系代詞用來(lái)引起定語(yǔ)從句，它一方面代表定語(yǔ)從句所修飾的那個(gè)名詞或代詞，另——方面又在從句中充當(dāng)一個(gè)成分。eg·Thisisthemanwhogavemethebook.這就是給我書(shū)的那個(gè)人。Themoneythat／whichisonthetableismine.桌上的錢(qián)是我的。Themoneythat／whichmymothergavemeisonthetable.我媽媽給我的錢(qián)在桌上。代詞--練習(xí)題1()1Thoughitrainedheavily,____werestillplayingontheplayground.A.theyB.themC.theirD.themselves()2Tomand____willgotoseeourteacher,for___isill.A.I;she.B.me;sheC.I;herD.me;her()3Is___aboyorgirlA.sheB.heC.oneD.it()4Only____knowit.A.IandheB.heandyouC.heandID.Iandyou2()1Isaw___playinginthestreetatthattime.A.themB.theyC.theirD.theirs2Jimwillgive____ashorttalktomorrow.A.weB.usC.ourD.ours()3Pleaseask____nottoskateonthethinice.A.theyB.themC.theirD.theirs()4Thepenishers.Passitto____,please.A.herB.sheC.hersD.herself()5Letmegoandgivethecoatto____.A.heB.hisC.himselfD.him()6Theyasked___todothework.A.you,heandIB.you,himandmeC.I,youandheD.me,youandhim3()1Who'sthatatthedoor____isthepostman.A.SheB.ThisC.ItD.He()2-Who'sthatinthepictureA.It'smeB.That'sIC.ThisisaboyD.It'sI()3-Look,whoiscoming-___mustbeourEnglishteacher.A.SheB.HeC.ItD.This()4Someoneisknockingatthedoor,butwhocan____be?A.oneB.heC.sheD.it4()1___waslatesummerandtheweatherwasveryhot.A.ThatB.ItC.ThisD.It's()2Whattimeis____now?AitB.allC.thisD:that()3___aheavyrainlastnight.A.TherehadB.WehadC.ItwasD.Thereis()4___is200kilometresfromheretothenaturalpark.Wehavetogotherebycar.A.ThereB.ItC.ThisD.Theplace5()1Thebirdbuilt___nestinthetree.A.it'sB.her'sC.hersD.its()2Haveyouseen___pen,ablackone?A.theseB.myC.youD.hers3SorryIhaveforgot____telephonenumber.A.yoursB.himC.youD.his6()IThebearwasshotin___head.A.theB.itsC.aD.this()2Theoldmantookthegirlby____handandtheywentdownthestreet.A.herB.aC.theD.that()3Heapologizedtomeforhittingme___face.A.ontheB.attheC.intheD.inmy7()TOurroomisbig,but____isbiggerthan____.A.their;ourB.their;oursC.theirs;oursD.theirs;our()2Theyaren'tourbooks.Arethey____A.yourB.hisC.herD.their()3Ourroomisbiggerthan___.A.youB.yourC.yoursD.her()4Youhaveagoodroom,Ishouldsay.Butit'snotasbigas___.A.IB.myC.meD.mine8()1____isthebestseasonoftheyear?A.WhenB.WhatC.WhichD.Whattime()2o-____isyoursister?-Sheisanurse.A.WhatB.WhichC.HowD.Who()3-___colourareyournewshoes?-Theyarebrown.A.AnyB.WhoseC.WhichD.What()4-___isyourclassmateJohnlike?-He'sverytall.A.HowB.WhatC.WhoD.Which9)()1____hashappenedand____didit?A.Who;whoB.What;whoC.What;whatD.Who;what()2WhowaitingoutsidePleaseaskthemtocomein.A.isB.hasC.haveD.are10()1-_____isthatmanoverthere?-He'sMrGreen.A.WhatB.WhichC.HowD.Who()2-___istheboystandingthere?-Heismybrother.A.WhichB.WhatC.HowD.Who()3Who___thelittleAmericanboyoverthere?A.wereB.areC.isD.1am()4Who___thesetallmen?A.isB.amC.areD.was11()1____onedoyoulike,theblueoneortheredone?A.WhatB.WhichC.ThatD.This()2-___isbigger?-Theyellowone.A.whoB.whomC.whichD.It()3___ofyouwouldliketogowithus?A.WhoB.WhichC.AllD.Both12()1-_____bagisthis?-It'sJack's.A.WhatB.WhichC.WhoseD.Who's()2-___pencilsarethese?-Theyaretheirs.A.WhichB.WhoseC./D.These()3___houseisbeingrepaired?A.hatB.WhereC.WhoD.Whose13()1Pleasefindout____heislookingafterathome.A.whoB.whichC.whomD.when()2____doyouthinkyoushouldhelp?A.WhoseB.WhichC.WhatD.Whom()3Hetoldme___hewassentfor.A.whomB.thatC.bothD.where14()1We____atthepartylastSunday.A.enjoyedmyselfB.enjoyedourselvesC.enjoymyselfD.enjoyedourself()2"Make____athome."hesaidtohisfriends.A.yourselfB.yourselvesC.youD.yours()3LetTonydoitby____.HeisnolongerakidA.himB.hisC.himselfD.he()4Youaretwelvenow.___mustlookafter___.A.You;yourselfB.Your;yourselfC.You;yourD.You're;yourself()5Sheandhermotherenjoyed___attheparty.A.herB.themC.herselfD.themselves15()1Heandsheareexactlyastallas____.A.themselvesB.themC.theirD.eachother()2Peopleusuallyputsmallpresentsin____stockingonChristmasEve.A.eachotherB.eachothersC.eachother'sD.eachothers'()3Thestudentsoftenhelp___.A.onetheotherB.eachtheotherC.oneanotherD.twoanother16()1.Thisbluesuitlooksbetterthanthegreen____.A./B.oneC.suitsD.ones()2-Howmanyapplesdidyourmothergiveyou,LucyorLily?A.EachoneB.OneeachC.OneeveryoneD.Onemore()3-Haveyouacomputer?-Yes,Ihaveagood____.A.someB.oneC.itD.that()4Hehasonebluepenandtwored____.A.one'sB.thoseC.oneD.ones()5Isthisstoryasinterestingas__A.theoneB.someonesC.thatoneD.one17()1-I'llshowyouhowtothrowafrisby.Throw____like____A.it;thisB.this;itC.it;itD.this;this()2-Whatcolouristhis?A.it'saredB.ThisisredC.It'sredD.It'saredcolour()3Thereisapenonthetable.Pass____tome,,please.A.thisB.thatC.it.D.which18()1.Thereareshopson_____sideofthestreet.________ofthemdonotclosetill12atnight.A.both;AllB.every;NoneC.either;SomeD.other;Many()2Theboyrunsfasterthan_______inhisclass.,A.anyoftheboyB.anyboysC.anyotherboyD.alltheboys()3Tomisstrongerthan___inhisclass.A.anystudentsB.otherstudentC.anyotherstudentD.anyotherstudents()4Thereisnot___meatinmybowl.Thereis____chickeninit.A.some;anyB.any;someC.any;anyD.some;some()5-Ihaveforgottenmybread.-Nevermind,youcanhave____.A.someofusB.someofourC.someofoursD.manyofours()6-Isthere___teain'thatgreencup?-Yes,thereis____.A.the;someB.any;anyC.some;anyD.any;some19()1Couldyoudo___forme,please?A.everythingB.nothingC.somethingD.anything()2Thebottleisempty.Thereis___init.A.anythingB.somethingC.nothingD.everything()3-TurnofftheTV,Betty.____iswatchingit.-Oh,no.Mum.I'mwatchingitnow.A.somebodyB.NobodyC.EverybodyD.Anybody()4-Didyoufind___intheroom?-No,wefound___there.A.anybody;nobodyB.somebody;everybodyC.anybody;somebodyD.everybody;anybody()5Ihavealotofworktodo.1have___timetoplay.A.notB.anyC.noD.some()6Asweknow,heis___fool.A.notB.noaC.notanD.no20()1Iaskedhimforsomeoil,buthehadn't___.A.someB.anyC.anythingD.no()2___ofthefourroadswilltakeyoutothehospital.A.NeitherB.EitherC.BothD.Any()3Wouldyoulendmeofyourmoney"A.someB.lotC.afewD.any()4Wouldyoulike___morecoffeeA.littleB.anyC.someD.another()5-Haveyouanybooksonradio?-I'dliketoborrow___.A.thoseB.someC.themD.it21()1Listentome.Ihave____totellyou.A.anythingnewB.somethingnewC.newsomethingD.nothingnew()2Bytheway,isthere____intoday'snewspaperA.somethingnewoB.anythingnewC.newsomethingD.newanything()3Pleasebequiet.Ihave___totellyou.A.importantsomethingB.nothingimportantC.importantanythingD.somethingimportant()4I'mnotbusy.Ihaven't____todo.A.somethingB.everythingC.nothingD.anything()5____hashappened,Iwantyoutotellmeaboutit.A.SomethingB.EverythingC.AnythingD.Nothing22()1Yesterdaymorning___boybrokeintothegarden.A.anyB.someC.manyD.much()2___twentyboyswereplayingfootballatthattimeyesterday.A.EachB.SomeC.NooneD.Neither()3NowIhave______questions.Let'sgotoaskourteacher.A.anyB.muchC.someD.alot23()1Ifyouliketheseapples,youcantake_____.A.anyB.alotC.that.D.this()2Iwilldo____formymotherland.A.anythingB.manyC.muchD.something()3-Didtheyfind___inthepark?-No,theyfound____there.A.anybody;nobodyB.somebody;everybodyC.anybody;somebodyD.everybody;anybody24()1Idon'tknow_____ofthesepeople,fortheyarenewworkers.A.anyB.someC.oneD.much()2Hedidn'ttake___one.Theyareallhere.A.manyB.anyC.alittleD.that()31haven'tread____ofthebooks.Afewofthebooksaretoodifficultformetoread.A.anyB.someC.twoD.both25()1CanIhave___bottleoforange,please?A.anotherB.otherC.othersD.theothers()2Thereareforty-fourstudentsinClassOne.Nineteenofthemareboys,___aregirls.A.theotherB.theothersC.othersD.someothers()3MrSmithhastwosons.____isasoldier,___isadoctor.A.One;anotherB.One;otherC.This;theotherD.One;theother()4Therearemanypeopleintheparknow.Someareboating.____arewalkingalongthelake.A.theotherB.otherC.theothersD.others()5Theglassisbroken.Goandget____.A.otherB.anotheroneC..othersD.theother()6Iborrowedtwobooks.____isinEnglish,and____isinChinese.A.It;anotherB.One;anotherC.Theone;anotherD.One;theother26()1_____ofthemhasanEnglishdictionary.A.EveryB.AllC.BothD.Each()2TherearelotsofEnglishbookshere,and____ofthemiseasytounderstand.A.bothB.all.C.everyD.each()3Ididn'tknowthatyou___would___there.A.be;allB.all;beC.are;allD:all;are()4-Arethesetwobooksinteresting-Yes,____ofthemareinteresting.A.bothB.allC.eitherD.neither27()1Hecouldn'tmakehimselfunderstoodbecause___ofusknewwhathesaid.A.noneB.noC.nobodyD.not()2Ididn'tlikethecrosstalk.____oftheactorswasfunny.A.BothB.AllC.NeitherD.Either()3_____ofthemisgoodatsinging.A.BothB.AllC.NooneD.Neither()4-Whichwouldyoulike,a